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1、初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法數(shù)詞數(shù) 詞數(shù)詞就是表示事物的數(shù)量和順序的詞,分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。一、基數(shù)詞:表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。1.基數(shù)詞的形式: A從110:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,tenB從 1119:eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen, nineteen注意:這里除 eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen為特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由

2、其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。C從 2199 : 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty為特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時(shí),在幾十和個(gè)位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-”。例如:21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six注意: forty的拼寫。D百位數(shù):基數(shù)詞101999,先說“幾百”,再加“and”,再加末兩位數(shù)。 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and fort

3、y-eight注意:在幾十和個(gè)位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-”。 E千位數(shù)以上:1000以上數(shù)目,從右向左每三位用“,” 分開,分別讀為thousand , million, billion 。例如:5, 237, 166, 2 34 讀作:2,648 16,250,064 billionmillionthousandhundredandfive billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-fourtwo thousand, six

4、hundred and forty-eightsixteen million, two hundred and fifty thousand, sixty-four2基數(shù)詞用法:、表示具體數(shù)目,hundred, thousand, million不用復(fù)數(shù)。 表示不確定數(shù)目,用復(fù)數(shù)。即hundreds of(數(shù)百), thousands of(數(shù)千), millions of(數(shù)百萬(wàn))+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù),可以用many/several修飾,但不能與具體數(shù)目連用。 1) Our country has a population of 1,300 million people. 2) There are

5、three thousand students in our school. 3) After the war, thousands of people became homeless. 4) Several / Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.注意:several thousands of trees = several thousand trees 即學(xué)即用:Many_ trees must be planted every year. A. thousands of B. million of C. hundred o

6、f D. hundredsfour thousand of the students(學(xué)生中的四千人)four thousand students(四千學(xué)生)注意、 “幾十”的復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示: 幾十多歲 “in + ones +整十的數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)” 年 代 “ in + the +整十的數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)”My parents are in their forties. It was in the 1960s/ in the 1960sIn the nineties, most people go to work by bike. 、基數(shù)詞表示編碼:Room 207 207房 Class 2,Grade

7、9 九年級(jí)二班 Page Five = the fifth page 第五頁(yè) Lesson One = the first lesson 第一課Bus No.3 = the No.3 bus 3號(hào)汽車No. 1 Middle School 第一中學(xué)注意:用此種方法表示時(shí),首字母需大寫,不加冠詞。twenties,thirties,forties,fifties,sixties,seventies, eighties,nineties即學(xué)即用:1.In his _(fifty), he started to learn English.2.The city changed a lot _. A.

8、 in 1980s B. in the 1980s C. in the 19803. He graduated in _ of _ century. A. the sixtieth; twenty B. sixty; the twentieth C. the sixties; the twentieth4. He got the prize _. A. in his fifties B. in fifties C. in his fifty5.The winner is _. He is an _ boy . A. eight-year-old; eight years old B. eigh

9、t years old; eight-year-old C. eight-years old; eight-year-old6.He came to China _. A. at the age of 20 B. when he is 20 C. at age of 20B fifties C A B A 即學(xué)即用:1)How far is your uncles home from here? Its about two_ drive. A. hours B. hours C. hours D. hour2)Dont talk to Simon like that. He is only a

10、n _ boy. A. eleven year old B. eleven years old C. eleven year old D. eleven years old C A 、“基數(shù)詞+名詞” 的合成形容詞作定語(yǔ)。Kate is an eighteen year old girl. 凱特是個(gè)18歲的女孩。eighteen的讀音以元音開頭,故其前要用不定冠詞an。注意:這種合成形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)為:“數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞形容詞”。復(fù)合形容詞中,詞與詞之間要加連字符“”。a seven-day holiday= a seven days holiday have a two-week holiday =

11、 have a two weeks holiday有兩周的休假ask for a three-day leave = ask for a three days leave請(qǐng)三天假、表示時(shí)刻 (注意:表示在幾點(diǎn)鐘用介詞 at)1)順讀法先時(shí)后分, “幾點(diǎn)幾分” 9:30 nine thirty 6:21 six twenty-one 3) 15分鐘:a quarter 30分鐘:a half 9:15 a quarter past nine 12:30 half past twelve2)逆讀法先分后時(shí) 表示“幾點(diǎn)過幾分”,半小時(shí)以內(nèi),介詞用past, 分鐘數(shù)+past +鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)。 10:10

12、ten past ten 8:20 twenty past eight表示“幾點(diǎn)差幾分”,半小時(shí)以上,介詞用to, 60減原分鐘+ to + (下一個(gè))鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)。 9:50 ten to ten 7:40 twenty to eight、表計(jì)量: “基數(shù)詞+度量單位+形容詞”The classroom is 7 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high. Its already 7:40 now. When will the film start? _. We still have five minutes. A. A quarter to sev

13、en B. Seven past forty-five C. A quarter to eight5:156:45a quarter分鐘逢15即 一刻鐘4:40(60-分鐘) + to +(小時(shí) + 1)30分鐘7:50按順序讀基數(shù)詞簡(jiǎn)化法3:30half + past + 小時(shí)= 30 分鐘2:10分鐘 + past +小時(shí) 30分鐘1:00基數(shù)詞(+ oclock) 整點(diǎn)讀法例表示法時(shí)間類型one oclockten past twohalf past threetwenty to fivea quarter past fivea quarter to sevenseven fifty我看

14、我行:.月、日、年:在2008年10月1日、年、月、日的表示法: on Octorber the first, two thousand and eight日the + 序數(shù)詞月(首字母大寫)月日與年之間用 ,分開年(兩位兩位讀)on August the ninthin May, two thousand and ten注意:有日用 on 無(wú)日用inon Oct. 1st , 2008.月、日: 在8月9日.月、年: 在2010年5月寫法:讀法:讀法:1. The accident happened on_. A. April 5, 2001 B. 2001, April 5 C. Apri

15、l 2001, 52. I was born _. A. in March 8, 1993 B. on July 9, 1994 C. on May, 1995即學(xué)即用:一個(gè)半小時(shí)兩個(gè)半小時(shí)two and a half hours= two hours and a halfone and a half hours= one hour and a half、 “半”的表示法:1. The boy always stays there for _. A. one and half hour B. one and a half hour C. one and a half hours2. The o

16、ld man drank_ beer. A. two bottles and a half B. two and a half bottle C. two bottle and a half“一兩天”“的表示法:one day or twoone or two days注意:“三年半”three years and a halfthree and a half years再例如:“一倍” once “兩倍” twice,“三倍” three times (三倍或以上 基數(shù)詞times)、倍數(shù)的表示法: This box is five times as big as that one.=Thi

17、s box is four times bigger than that one. A + be + 倍數(shù) + as +adj.原形+ as +B. A是B的 倍 A + be + 倍數(shù) + adj.比+ than + B. A比B 倍即學(xué)即用:1. This building is _ that building. A. three time as tall as B. twice taller than C. three times as taller as2. 我的箱子比你的重六倍! My box is _ yours. six times heavier thanseven times

18、 as heavy as、電話號(hào)碼的讀法為順次讀出一個(gè)個(gè)數(shù)字,“0”讀作“o”或“zero”。數(shù)字連續(xù)重現(xiàn)時(shí)可用“double(雙)”。62884405讀作six two eight eight four four o (或zero) five或six two double eight double four o (或zero) five。、another, more修飾數(shù)詞的用法:. another 表“另外的、 額外的、附加的”時(shí),用 “another +具體數(shù)字+名詞 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:The strike may last another three days罷工可能還要持續(xù)三天。 Ha

19、ve you finished your report yet? No,I will finish it in 10 minutes Aanother BOther Cmore Dless . more表“另外的、 額外的、附加的”時(shí),用 “具體數(shù)字+more+名詞 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)。二、序數(shù)詞 表示順序的數(shù)詞稱為序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞一般以與之相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加詞尾th構(gòu)成;多個(gè)單詞時(shí),僅最后一個(gè)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。序數(shù)詞前一般需加“the”。1“基數(shù)詞”變“序數(shù)詞”的口訣: 基變序,有規(guī)律, 一、二、三特殊記,first,second,third, 從四開始加 th,八去t,九去e加 th, 五、十二變ve為f加th

20、, 整十后變y為ie加th,若想表示幾十幾,只變個(gè)位就可以。 基數(shù)詞 序數(shù)詞 數(shù)字寫法 one first 1st two second 2nd three third 3rd five fifth 5th eight eighth 8th nine ninth 9th twelve twelfth 12th twenty twentieth 20th twenty-one twenty-first 21st twenty-two twenty-second 22nd twenty-three twenty-third 23rd twenty-four twenty-fourth 24th 2

21、序數(shù)詞的用法:.序數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ),前面要加the。 The first truck is carrying a food basket John lives on the fifteenth floorShe is my first English teacher.(注意:名詞前若有名詞所有格或名詞性物主代詞不用the).有時(shí)“a/an+序數(shù)詞+名詞”,表示“再一”,“又一” 的意思。Well have to do it a second timeShall I ask him a third time?注意:more和another都有再;又之意。區(qū)別如下:. “基數(shù)詞more名詞”。如:The

22、 boy had two more apples/two apples more.句型可變?yōu)椋骸皊ome/a few/a little/many/much等more名詞”。如:Would you like some more tea? .“another基數(shù)詞名詞”。如:He wrote another two letters/two more letters to her. 三、分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)1分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)與讀法:先讀分子,再讀分母。分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子大于1時(shí),分母加-s。分子為one時(shí)可換用“a” 。Two thirds of the students are girls in

23、our class. 在我們班,三分之二的學(xué)生是女孩。21/2讀作“a(one)half”(而不是a second“一秒鐘”);1/4既可讀作“a (one) quarter”,又可讀作“a (one) fourth”。Three quarters of the worlds books and newspapers are written in English.世界上3/4的書和報(bào)紙是用英語(yǔ)寫的。15分子 基數(shù)詞分母 序數(shù)詞one fifth27分子 1分母 + stwo sevenths14分子 a分母 quartera quarter34three quarters12a half13t

24、hree and one third3基數(shù)詞 + and + 分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)讀法練習(xí):3.百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)與讀法: 先讀基數(shù)詞,再讀百分號(hào)“%”(讀作percent)。5%讀作five percent 05%讀作zero point five percent 80 %讀作eighty percent 200%讀作two hundred percenthalf / (百)分?jǐn)?shù) + of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)half / (百)分?jǐn)?shù) + of + 不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)但是:half / (百)分?jǐn)?shù) + of + population謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)注意:1. _ of the studen

25、ts _ boys in Class A. Two three; are B. Two thirds; are C. Two thirds; is2. _ of her money _ spent on clothes. A. Two three; are B. Two thirds; is C. Two third; is3. _ the teachers in our school is about one hundred, and _ of them are women teachers. A. The number of; two third B. The number of ; tw

26、o thirds C. A number of; two thirds4. There are forty eight students in our class. And _ of us are girls. So, you have sixteen boys. A. one third B. two thirds C. two third D. one fourth即學(xué)即用:四、其他數(shù)的表達(dá): 1小數(shù)的讀法:小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的基數(shù)詞與前面所講的基數(shù)詞讀法完全相同,小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作“point”,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后只需將數(shù)字一一讀出。1567讀作fifteen point_six_seven0009讀作zero p

27、oint zero zero nine 或nought point nought nought nine2年代的讀法為兩位、兩位地讀。整百的后讀hundred,整千的后讀thousand,前常加“the year”。1937讀作nineteen thirtyseven或:nineteen hundred and thirtyseven1900年讀作nineteen hundred1905年讀作nineteen and(或o)five或:nineteen hundred and five 2000年讀作the year two thousand3一些數(shù)學(xué)公式的讀法:“加”用plus/and,“減

28、”用minus,“乘”用times,“除”用divided by,動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù),如:358讀作:Three plus/and five is eight.927讀作:Nine minus two is seven.6530讀作:Five times six is thirty.842讀作:Eight divided by four is two.中考典型例題解析數(shù)詞考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練. 單項(xiàng)填空1. The old man began to learn to drive a car at the age of_ ASixty Bthe sixtieth Csixty years old Dsixties

29、2.Whats the time, please? Its _. Anine thirtyfive Bforty eight past six Cfifty five to four Dthirty one two3.Can you write the number “eightyfive thousand, six hundred and twentysix”? Yes, it is _. A856620 B85626 C58662 D586264.My good friend Zhangying studies at _ Middle School. A16 Bthe 16 C16th N

30、o. DNo.165.There are _ days in a year. Athree hundreds sixtyfive Bthree hundred and sixty five Cthe third hundred sixtyfive Dthird hundred and sixty five 6.Henry is _ tallest in their class.AThree Bthe three Cthird Dthe third7.About _ of the students in our class are League members. Afourfifth Bfour

31、 fifth Cfourfives Dfour fifths8.How many workers are there in your factory? There are two _. Ahundreds Bhundred Chundred of Dhundreds of9.We all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes. Atwentyfirst Btwentiethfirst Ctwentyone Dtwentieth one10.What do you think of a war, Li Ming? Ive no ide

32、a. But its a fact that _ people had to leave their hometown during the War in Iraq. Athree thousands Bthousand of Cthousands of Dseveral thousands11.Today is Dec 1.“1” can be pronounced _. Aone Ba first Cthe one Dthe first12.I want _of beef, please. Ahalf a kilo Bhalf kilo Chalf and kilo Dhalf kilos

33、13.The Changjiang River is one of_longest rivers in_world. Athe; / Ba; / Cthe; the Dthe; a 14.He began to make a living by himself_. Ain his thirty Bin his thirties Cin the thirty Din the thirties 15. This is Mr. Whites _ visit to Beijing. He has been there twice before. A. two B. second C. there D.

34、 third16.The Peoples Liberation Army was founded _. A. on August 1th, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 192717. This dining-room is _ our classroom. A. three times as big as B. as three times big as C. three times big as D. as big three times as18. Our school is not very big. There are only _ students. A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of19. Ther

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