Oracle11g服務(wù)端安裝手冊

1、Oraclellg服務(wù)端安裝手冊福建新大陸支付技術(shù)有限公司文檔說明版本號日期說 明作者審閱1.12015-01-27Oracle11gK務(wù)端安裝關(guān)振宇目錄 TOC o 1-5 h z .圖形化界面1.修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)1 HYPERLINK l bookmark2 o Current Document .設(shè)置 oracle 用戶的 shell limit 2 HYPERLINK l bookmark4 o Current Document .配置用戶和路徑3添加用戶組.3 HYPERLINK l bookmark8 o Current Document 新增oracle用戶3 HYPERLINK l

2、 bookmark10 o Current Document 創(chuàng)建目錄并設(shè)置權(quán)限 3 HYPERLINK l bookmark12 o Current Document .安裝 oracle11g 軟件 4 HYPERLINK l bookmark14 o Current Document 配置 oracle 用戶環(huán)境變量 4 HYPERLINK l bookmark16 o Current Document 解壓 oracle 安裝包 5 HYPERLINK l bookmark18 o Current Document 開始安裝 oracle軟件 5 HYPERLINK l bookmar

3、k20 o Current Document .創(chuàng)建oracle實例13 HYPERLINK l bookmark22 o Current Document .創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶24 HYPERLINK l bookmark24 o Current Document .設(shè)置開機啟動 oracle 25.圖形化界面如有需要安裝oracle服務(wù)端或者oracle客戶端完整安裝包，除靜默安裝之外，則需要使用圖形界面非圖形化界面可在 root用戶執(zhí)行startx命令，調(diào)出可視化界面.修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)在圖形化界面右鍵打開終端，用命令方式完成以下操作 打開/etc/sysctl.conf 文件vi /etc/sy

4、sctl.conf增加下面的內(nèi)容到文件中： kernel.shmall = 4294967296kernel.shmmax = 68719476736kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.msgmnb = 65536kernel.msgmax = 65536# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744net.ipv4.ip local port range = 9000 65000net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore

5、_broadcasts = 1net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576net.core.rmem_default = 4194304net.core.rmem max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576保存文件并退出運行下面的命令使得內(nèi)核參數(shù)生效/sbin/sysctl -p3.設(shè)置 oracle 用戶的 shell limit打開/etc/secuAty/limits.conf 文件vi /etc/security/limi

6、ts.conf增加下面的內(nèi)容到文件/etc/security/limits.conf 文件中:soft nproc 2047hard nproc 16384soft nofile 1024hard nofile 65536r_ rootlocalhost:/etpriority - the priority to run user process with locks - max number of file locks the user can hold si spending - max nuniber of pending signalsmsgqueue - max memory use

7、d by POSIX message queues (bytes) nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to rtprio - itaa realtime priority _console. sopam_selinuXi so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user contex tsessionrequiredpui_selinuK sq opensessionrequiredpajn_namespace. sessionoptionalpan_k

8、eyinit sq force revokesessionincludesyst em-auth-sessionoptionalpajn_ck_connect or. sosession required /1 ib/secuxity/pam_limits so|保存并退出文件.配置用戶和路徑添加用戶組以root用戶登錄，執(zhí)行以下命令groupadd dbagroupadd opergroupadd oinstall新增oracle用戶添加oracle用戶useradd -g oinstall -d /home/oracle oracle -G dba -m設(shè)置用戶密碼passwd oracl

9、e創(chuàng)建目錄并設(shè)置權(quán)限預(yù)先創(chuàng)建oracle安裝路徑mkdir -p /opt/oracle/productmkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/OraHomemkdir -p /opt/oraInventorymkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradatamkdir -p /var/opt/oracle設(shè)置目錄的所有者所屬組和權(quán)限chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt.安裝oraclellg軟件配置oracle用戶環(huán)境變量登錄到新建的oracle用戶su - oracle打開.bash profile文件或者.bashrc文件vi .bash_p

10、rofile注：根據(jù)linux系統(tǒng)不同，環(huán)境變量文件.bash profile和.bashrc不一定都存在，如果都不存在，則手動創(chuàng)建一個將一下內(nèi)容添加進(jìn)去export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/OraHomeexport ORACLE SID=orclexport ORACLE_OWNER=oracleexport ORACLE TERM=vt100export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/binexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$

11、ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:$PATHLD_LIBRARY_PA TH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PA THCLASSPATH=$ORACLE HOME/JRE:$ORACLE HOME/jlib:$ORACLE HOME/rdbms/jlibCLASSPATH=$CLASSPA TH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlibexport CLASSPATHPATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin; export PATHPATH=$PATH:/usr/

12、bin; export PATHexport LC CTYPE=en US.UTF-8export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8export LANG=en US.UTF-8保存文件并退出執(zhí)行命令使環(huán)境變量生效./.bash_profile或者./.bashrc,根據(jù)修改的文件而定file dit yiew Search I&rminal Help# user specific environment and startup programsPATH=$PATH :$H0ME/binexport PATHL ；pj- t ORACLE BASE-/Opt/Ora

13、cl&?port ORACLE HOME=$ORACLE BASE/product/OraHome - t ORACLE_SID-orcli，：a T ORACLE- OWNERSraclek.：port ORACLE_TERMvtl00export PATH=tPATH:SORACLE HaME/bin；SHOME/binexpert PATH=SORACLE_HDME/bin：SORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin：SPATHLD LIBRARY PAIH=$ORACLE HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib export LD

14、LIBRARY PATHCLASSPATH=S0MCLE_H0ME/JRE：S0FlACLE_H0ME/jlLb:$0RACLE_H0E/rdblii5/jlibC LAS SP AIH=$C LAS SPATH: SORAC LE HOME/ne t wo r k/j libexport CLASSPATHPAIH=$PAIH：/u5r/sbin； export PATHPAin=ipATH：/usr/bin： export Pathexport LC CTYPE=en US.UTF-8gxpo t NLS_LANG= AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8kpjrt LAN6=en U

15、S,UTF-6 解壓oracle安裝包使用 oracle 用戶登錄,將 oracle 安裝包 oracle11g-1.zip 和 oracle11g-2.zip 通過 ftp 上傳到 oracle用戶根目錄 分別解壓兩個壓縮包unzip oracle11g-1.zip -d /home/oracle unzip oracle11g-2.zip -d /home/oracle開始安裝oracle軟件使用oracle用戶登錄，進(jìn)入解壓后的database目錄，執(zhí)行runInstaller進(jìn)彳o oracle安裝cd /home/oracle/database./ runInstallerFile

16、Edit View Search Terminal Help oraclelcical.host database$ pwd /home/oracle/databaseoraclelocalhost database4 ./rcninstaller注：如果遇到Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors Failed Could not execute auto check for display colors using command /usr/X11R6/bin/xdpyinfo. Check if

17、 the DISPLAY variable is set. 的問題解決方法：新建一個終端，在root用戶下執(zhí)行： xhost +在回到原來的oracle用戶終端下，打開.bash profile vi .bash_profile將下面這行加到文件內(nèi)export DISPLAY=:0.0 或 export DISPLAY=:0.0保存文件退出后，重新使環(huán)境變量生效 ./.bash profile然后重新到database下執(zhí)行runInstaller如果遇到wkIg-s HomiAra-gnu iufi f -Mill ： camnui ?也d11DATABASE68C1| stiror8cle

18、9vt巾ns4pi：、* cd d/raDa回， OP&clRMt加晟叱川外越加It54ES-11-SP2.DVD- 出 ME51TMl崢百 W uiuk 11 弘 Im ：IdlT&.QH llv-hbl ApOFicl-ellg-LaLp 0事4l+Lbg-?,31RghRI& Earl,前即 TxmmaiDiFMt”*： Jha*小附clSCa/T叩Thy 19以打馴我CSF葡冷 酊就1/胸4澗曲：4心3衿U “.1庠M向田加M叩r T .Sgcl3Hf* te 口，syf 11. TTYORjacue Air&njhxc pveqxlE EdHid Kt ITDracl* 匚!uS二

19、Lip En4rp?iEi Ednoa a: Htf-nm口g dwjtaui ihai hit ihi xcjdifa Irv.F*rTimuici!. hif miifalap-. nd aunrr fK-irpc requind 0 rmih hop: dmindiirdg.C lhM時事 EGtlHoE之就的Ona，向明“q tipitilfln Ip Ide4 fsr utjrk *cr-co5i Mknkm?T MadeOlocaJhiHfcT gcfe 口己泗31QZMM會根據(jù)環(huán)境變量顯示安裝的路徑，默認(rèn)next選擇組名為oinstall , next如圖選擇，next檢查Pac

20、kage項內(nèi)的安裝包是否都已經(jīng)安裝，沒有安裝請全部安裝，如果安裝的版本高于 下圖提示的版本，請選擇Ignore All忽略（根據(jù)LINUX版本不同，提示的安裝包也會有所不同）6 M hpOS K.imil PiirinilirE電 OS 也Ed lruifter 申肝Fiu;l-4g4F%- fKheai lihua-0 31D9% COpW-*lDfidt-!-t-3J-32.i物 Pk+W他修-皿，1；m% Pwiaflc l4i!nifc+*-3.4.6鼬 Rki uripiC-3311哥 FMchgi.!下巧4 Mghyyq | 正曲* |0皿歸口ORACLJE- 1g4mred0 M

21、 ru irurv-dIgmrcdq rv r7Ppi iMin Fi Hrnipii %ilr F：rr rhq FYFirn hn f Ipici 口irnalg3lEiiyN 加二七 dEiaiw E!: 1：I 5M M身Anuiivaiuf -atj iiaiwsif aurirTrv5catyrs Plxes Sstefn-CcnipirtflrmcleE HcrrelorjL elocaihofit: !* (j| OaAaiMcCcfifiguiTTlw.,Frl Ian 30s 266 PM radeRHEL 6.H 麗用Disci統(tǒng)一設(shè)置密碼，也可以分別設(shè)置密碼如圖，nex

22、t不指定快速恢復(fù)和歸檔，nextDatabase Configuration Assistant, Step 7 of 12 : Recovery ConRgurationChoose ths recovery opilons for the dataftise.ISpecif/Flasih Reco/ery AreaThis A uw d as ihe default for all disk based backup and rec overy o pe rat io hi, and 居 also required for automailc disk based tiackup u引ng

23、 Enterprise Manager. Oracne recommends that the database ”已5 and re cowry files be located on plr/sic ally different disks for data prelection and perfornnanceFlash Recovery Are aFlash Recovery Are a SizeIto RA LE_B/SEflash _re tew ry_|49Browse.M &/esEnable ArchivingEdit ArchfvE M口efe ParametersFile

24、 Location variables.CancelHpI口r mish去掉不常用的模塊，next分配空間，一般在 40%左右，nextAppUcadon Places SystemComputefracle,5 HomeRUEL #&5 ti-1Li 1Fn Jan 30r 2： 19 PM clej Lcraclee1 acalhott：,1- - l* DfitaWt口artfiggcid.修改字符集，選擇 ZHS16GBK , next默認(rèn)下一步Database Configuration Assistant. Step 11 of 11; Creation OptionsSelect

25、 ih& database creation options.Icreaie Datable-Generate Database Creation ScriptDctory0 U。二,wacle/adMiVQrd/Kirlpt$Browse.Cancel Help能匚K | hfext ;（ 5返 ）默認(rèn)OK安裝結(jié)束后，在 oracle終端中，輸入 sqlplus / as sysdbaoraclelocalhcst database* sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release .9 Production on Sun Feb 1 15:59:06 2G15Co

26、pyright (c) 1982t 2ee9t Oraclei All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.5QL |輸入startup;啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫oracle(3localhost databaseS sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: ReleaseProduction on Sun Feb 1 15:59:96 2915Copyright (c) 1982, 20091 Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL startup;O

27、RACLE instance started.413372416 bytes2213896 bytes 28102Q408 bytes 125829129 bytes4308992 bytesTotal System Global AreaFixed SizeVariable SizeDatabase BuffersRedo BuffersDatabase mounted.Database opened.SQL |之后輸入qiut退出sql命令執(zhí)行Isnrctl start啟動監(jiān)聽oraclelocalhost database$ Lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux：

28、 Version .0 - Production on fll FEB*2015 16:61:29Copyright (c 1991t oracle. All rights reserved.starting /opt/oracle/product/OrBHoiK/bin/tnslsnr： please wait TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11,2.9,1.0 Productionsystem parameter tile is /apt/cracle/product/oraHome/network/admin/listeiner.craLog inessages

29、written to /opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/localhDst/listencr/alert/log.xmlListening on： DESCRIPTION(ADDRE&S(PROTOCQLtcp) (HQSP=locallwst) (PORT=1521) )1Connecting to (DESCRIPTrON=(ADDRESS=(PRQTt)COL=TCP)(HOST=localhost)(PORT-1521)AliasVersionStart DateUptimeTrace LevelSecuritySNMPListener Parameter FileLi

30、stener Log FileSTATUS Of the LISTENERLISTENERTNSLSNFt for Linux： version .0 - ProductionOPFEB 2015 16:&1:36c e hr.。ndn, i secoffON： Local OS AuthenticationOFF/opt/oracle/product/0raHome/netwark/admin/li&tener.ora /opt/oracle/dlag/tnslsnr/localhGst/llstener/alert/log.xnlListening Endpoints Summary.(D

31、E5CRIPTI0N=(ADDRESS=PROTQCOL=tcp)(H05T=localhast)(P0RT=1521)The listener supports no servicesThe command completed successfullyonclelocalhost database1 I.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶在 oracle 終端中, 輸入 sqlplus / as sysdba國oraclelocaFile Edit View Search lerminal Helporaclelocalhost database* sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*P1u5： Re

32、lease 11.2.G. 1.9 Production on Sun Feb 1 15:59:95 2GJ.5Copyright (c) 1982, 2069, Oracle, All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.5QL |創(chuàng)建tms表空間create tablespace tms logging datafile 7opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/tms01.dbf size 1024m autoextend on next 5120m maxsize 20480m;SQL create tablepac lo

33、feins datafile /djrt/oracle/uradati/orcl/tmsQ 1 rdbf size LD24n autocKtend cm neKt 512071 工iz七 20430nTablespace cieat&ii.5W創(chuàng)建用戶名為 nlcmp ,密碼nlcmp的oracle用戶create user nlcmp identified by nlcmp default tablespace tms;oraclelocalhost $ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*PLus: Release 11,2.0,1,0 Production on Wed Fe

34、b 4 11:35:49 2015Copyright (c) 1932, 2009, Oracle, All rights reserved.Connected to;Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 1 L 2,0, 1. 0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioningj OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options5QL create user nlcmp identified by nlcmp;User created.給nlcm

35、p用戶賦予權(quán)限grant resource,connect,dba to nlcmp;SQL srant resource, connect, dba to nlcmp ;Grant succeeded.之后輸入qiut退出sql命令.設(shè)置開機啟動oracle打開 /etc/oratabvi /etc/oratab根據(jù)實際裝好 Oracle之后的$ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:N 情況，把 N改為丫保存并退出文件打開dbstart文件和dbshut文件vi /opt/oracle/product/OraHome/bin/dbstartvi /opt/oracle/produc

36、t/OraHome/bin/dbshut需要修改的內(nèi)容一樣：找至U ”O(jiān)RACLE_HOME_LISTNER= ，將=右邊的值改為 $ORACLE_HOME# First argument is used to bring up OracleNet ListenerORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME, First arguaeirt is used to bring up Oracle Net ListenerQRACLE HW LSTKER=泗if 1 $QRACLE HDME LISTMER ; thencho 。鼬匚1_酸煙_11丁距尺 not SET, u

37、nable ts auto-、tw/t Otae Net Listener. chQ-*Usage:$O uiACLE HCME*elseLOG=$QKACLE_H31E工號HER/11 sten* log保存并退出文件以下步驟根據(jù)各自系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行操作：RetHat6.4 系統(tǒng):使用root用戶，打開rc.local文件vi /etc/rc.local將以下兩行加入rc.local文件中su - oracle -c /opt/oracle/product/OraHome/bin/dbstartsu - oracle -c /opt/oracle/product/OraHome/bin/emctl

38、start dbconsole#!/bin/shThis script will be executed +after* all the other init scripts.Yuu can put your oim initializat ion stuff in here if you don twant to do the full Sys V style init stuffitouch /var/lock/subsys/localsu - oracle -c/opt/oracle/product/OraHome/bin/dbstartsu - oracle -c /opt / or

39、acl /product/Or aHaiRe/bin/emct 1 st art dbconsole*保存并退出文件CentOS7.0 系統(tǒng):新建啟動腳本/etc/init.d/oraclevi /etc/init.d/oracle將以下內(nèi)容添加到oracle文件里，路徑和 SID根據(jù)oracle實際情況進(jìn)行配置#!/bin/shchkconfig: 345 61 61description: Oracle 11g R2 AutoRun Servimces/etc/init.d/oracle#Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Instance, L

40、istener, andWeb Interfaceexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/OraHomeexport ORACLE_SID=orclexport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binORA_OWNR=oracle”if the executables do not exist - display errorif ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME thenecho Oracle startup:

41、cannot startexit 1 fidepending on parameter - startup, shutdown, restartof the instance and listener or usage displaycase $1 instart)Oracle listener and instance startupsu $ORA_OWNR -lc $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstartecho Oracle Start Succesful!OK. ;stop)Oracle listener and instance shutdownsu $ORA_OWNR -lc $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshutecho Oracle Stop Succesful!OK. ;reload|restart)$0 stop$0 start；*)echo $Usage: basename $0 start|stop|reload|reloadexit 1 esacchkconfig: 345 61 61description： Oracle 11g R2 AutnRun Servimces/et c/init, d/oracleRun