六級高分精品班-閱讀講義

1、第一局部閱讀理解全真試題Unit 1Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)f B), C) and D), You should decide on the best choice and mark the

2、corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, beha

3、vioral imnumologist(免疫學家)Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned

4、the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event,

5、not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli dont develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stresse

6、d rats. But if the animals areto transport goods as efficiently as possibleto dispose of these goods in large quantitiesto redesign these goods for large-scale productionWhat does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.I

7、t takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on .its main characteristicits social impactits possible co

8、nsequenceits theoretical basisQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds 冷漠)and on(呆滯).Too much conflict leads to divisiveness(分裂)and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark c

9、reativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. So

10、me of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly

11、believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-

12、quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed

13、 that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives pe

14、rceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.Their purchasing power has dropped markedly with inflation.The distribution of wealth is uneven between the r5ich and the poor.Health care and educational cost have somehow gone out of control.What does Louis Uchitelle mean by “th

15、e disposable American (Line 3, Para. 5)?Those who see job stability as part of their living standard.People full of utopian ideas resulting from affluence.People who have little say in American politics.Workers who no longer have secure jobs.What has affluence brought to American society?Renewed eco

16、nomic security.A sense of self-fulfillment.New conflicts and complaints.Misery and anti-social behavior.Unit 18Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there a

17、re four choices marked A)f B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Like most people, Ive long understood that I will be judged by m

18、y occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that Im treated as a person.Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people,

19、 I had customers say and do things to me I suspect theyd never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned(示意)me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where Id been.I had waited table

20、s during summers in college and was treated like a peon(勤雜工)by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day Id be sitting at

21、their table, waiting to be served.Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from every one who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked一cordially.I soon found out differently. I saw several feet away from an advert

22、ising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistakes was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.My job

23、 title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.Its no secret that theres a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to

24、others, needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didnt get the difference between server and servant.Im now applying to graduate school, which means someday Ill return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think Ill take them to dinner first, a

25、nd see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.The author was disappointed to find that.one*s position is used as a gauge to measure one*s intelligencetalented people like her should fail to get a respectable jobone*s occupation affects the way one is treated as a personprofessionals

26、tend to look down upon manual workersWhat does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.people absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintan

27、ces.some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?she felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professionals.she felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.she was embarrassed each time her custom

28、ers joked with her.she found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.What does the author imply by saying n. many of my customers didnt get the difference between server and servant (Lines 3-4, Para.7)?those who cater to others needs are destined to be looked down upon.those working in

29、 the service industry shouldnt be treated as servants.those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.the majority of customers tend to look on a servant as a server nowadays.The author says shell one day take her clients to dinner in order to.see what kind of person they a

30、reexperience the feeling of being servedshow her generosity towards people inferior to herarouse their sympathy for people living a humble lifePassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Whats hot for 2007 among the very rich? A &7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to h

31、unt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality.Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.In December, Mort

32、imer Zuckerman wrote a column in U.S.NEWS & World Report, which he owns. nOur nation*s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating.n lamented（哀嘆）the 117th-richest man in America. nMost of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder, average income for a house

33、hold of people of working age. by contrast, has fallen five years in a row. He noted that Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy.nWilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckermans anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. Its a

34、n outrage that any Americans life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage.1 said the former chairman of the International Steel Group.Whats happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it c

35、omes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by Californias governor to offer universal health care, these guys dont need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.Its possib

36、le that plutocrats（有錢有勢的人）are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory （沒收性的）tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesnt keep plutocrats up at night. They can live wi

37、th that.No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to stru

38、ggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders, and when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, its likely to enc

39、ourage reciprocal action abroad, for people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the would, thatsthe real nightmare.What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America?the fate of the ultrawealthy people.the disintegration of the middle cl

40、ass.the inequality in the distribution of wealth.the confilict between the left and the right wing.What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckermans lamentation?many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.the American economic system has caused many companies to go bankrupt.

41、the American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.the majority of Americans benefit little from the nation*s growing wealth.From the fifth paragraph we can learn that.the very rich are fashion-consciousthe very rich are politically sensitiveuniversal healh care is to be implem

42、ented throughout Americacongress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wageWhat is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?A) they want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.they know that the middle class contributes most to society.they want

43、to gain support for global economic integrationthey feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.What may happen if the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods?the prices of imported goods will inevitably soar beyond control.the investors will have to

44、make great efforts to re-allocate capital.the wealthy will attempt to buy foreign companies across borders.foreign countries will place the same economic barriers in return.第二局部簡答題全真試題樣題評析Short Answer Questions(15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incom

45、plete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Joe Templer should have known better: after all, he works for a large auto-insurance company. It wont hurt to leave the key in the truck this once, he thought, as he filled

46、 his gas tank at a self-service gas station. But moments later, as he was paying the money, he saw the truck being driven away.In 1987, 1.6 million motor vehicles were stolen in the United States one every 20 seconds. If current trends continue, experts predict annual vehicle thefts could exceed two

47、 million by the end of the decade.Vehicle theft is a common phenomenon, which has a direct impact on over four million victims a year. The cost is astonishing.Many police officials blame professional thieves for the high volume of thefts. It is a major money-maker for organized crime. Typically, sto

48、len cars are taken to pieces and the parts sold to individuals. But as many as 200,00 cars are smuggled out of the country every year. Most go toLatin America, the Middle East and Europe.Only about 15 percent car thefts result in arrest, because few police departments routinely conduct in-depth auto

49、-investigations. When thieves are arrested, judges will often sentence them to probation (緩開U), not immediately put them in prison because the prisons are overcrowded with violent criminals.One exception is a Michigan program that assigns 92 police officers to work full-time on the states 65,000 car

50、 theft cases a year. Since 1986, when the effort began, the states auto-theft rate has fallen from second in the nation to ninth.How can you protect your car? If you live in a high-theft area or drive an expensive model, consider a security system. It may cost anywhere from $25 to $l,000.Some system

51、s engage automatically 一 simply removing the key disables the fuel pump and the starter. When cars are equipped with such systems, thefts may drop by one-third. In some states, you may be able to use a device that transmits radio signals, allowing stolen cars to be tracked by police.Questions:What i

52、s the passage mainly about?What does the author think Joe Templer should be blamed for?How serious did the author predict the annual vehicle theft could be in the United States in 1989?What are the two ways thieves sell the stolen cars?What type of security system can help the police track down a st

53、olen car?Key to Short Answer Questions:Car theft in the U.S.His carelessness./Leaving his key in the truck.More than 2 million cars would be stolen.Selling their parts at home or smuggling them abroad.A device that transmits radio signals.以下對每個問題列舉六個回答以供分析(回答均來自考生原作，未做改動)。 (71)A. Vehicle theft.About

54、 the car stolen problem in United States.The passage says about the high vehicle theft in American.The passage mainly talk about Auto-theft in the U.S.The annual vehicle thefts is serious in the U.S.E thefts./A social problem of the United States.該題是對文章的主旨提問。本文先記述了一位汽車保險公司的職員，由于粗心大意將車 鑰匙留在車上，而幾分鐘后等他

55、加完油，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他的汽車已被人開跑了。由文章可以看出， 在美國汽車盜竊率極高，已成為普遍現(xiàn)象；隨之，文章又交待了盜賊銷贓的兩種方式：賣零 件或將整車走私出境，以及警方在反盜竊方面采取的措施?？捎^，本文的主旨是講美國的汽 車盜竊。答案A答出全部內容且語言正確，得2分。答案B答出全部內容但存在錯用過去 分詞及漏用定冠詞等語法錯誤，應改為About the car stealing problem in the United States.因 此該答案扣0.5分，得1.5分。答案C答出全部內容，但主要存在動詞詞組使用不當，錯將 tells about寫成says about;詞語搭配不當，“汽車盜竊率

56、高”應譯為the high rate of vehicle theft;此外還有拼寫錯誤，錯把America拼寫成American(美國的)。該句應改為：The passage tells about the high rate of vehicle theft in America/the U.S.,依據(jù)每題語言錯誤最多不超 過 0.5 分的原那么，該題答案扣0.5分，得1.5分。答案D答出全部內容，但錯在主謂不一致，應改 為：The passage mainly talks about Auto-theft in the U.S.,該答案因語言有誤扣 0.5 分,得 1.5 分。答案E有兩

57、處錯誤，一處有多余信息annual,扣0.5分，二是主謂不一致，扣0.5分， 得1分。該句應改變:The vehicle thefts are serious in the U.S.答案F因內容籠統(tǒng),得0分。 (72) A. Leaving his key in the truck.He should have taken his key with him.He leaves the key in the truck this once.He should have not left his key in the truck.He forgot his key in the car and h

58、e didnt buy a security system.Himself.該題是對的觀點“喬為什么應該受責備”的提問。本文第一段已作了交待：喬 在一家汽車保險公司任職，本來會更清楚地了解這些(指在美國有許多汽車被盜)，但這次他 認為時間很短，把鑰匙放在車子上不會出問題的?？梢娬_答案應該是“他的粗心大意或由 于他把鑰匙掉在了車上J答案A和B回答出全部內容且語言正確，得2分。答案C回答 出全部內容，但時態(tài)有誤，應改為：He left the key in the truck this once.扣0.5分，得1.5分。 答案D回答出全部內容，但否認詞位置不對，應改為：He should not

59、 have left his key in the truck.扣0.5分，得1.5分。答案E答出全部內容，但也涉及了無關內容“he didnt buy a security system”，扣0.5分；且語言在搭配上不當，“將他的鑰匙留在車里”應譯為“l(fā)eft his key in the car”而不是用“forgot”，扣0.5分，得1分。答案F過于籠統(tǒng)，未對所提問題作出正確回答， 得。分。A. The vehicle thefts could exceed two million.If current trends continue, experts predict annual ve

60、hicle thefts could exceed two million by the end of the decade.Vehicle thefts could exceeded two million to 3.6 million in the United States in 1989.3.6 million motor vehicle would be stolen.2 million vehicle theft.The annual vehicle thefts could be more and more.該題是針對作者對1989年盜車狀況的嚴重程度進行預測的提問。在本文第二段