同源高考閱讀訓(xùn)練：史上最小飛行器誕生 等3則 2023屆高考英語復(fù)習(xí)備考

1、同源高考閱讀訓(xùn)練：史上最小飛行器誕生 等3那么2023屆高考英語復(fù)習(xí)備考來自美國西北大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)，通過研究借風(fēng)播散的種子，成功研發(fā)出迄今 為止最小的微型飛行器。Its raining microchips. One day, they could float gently through the air while gathering environmental data, land on the ground and then disappear when their work is done. That s the future a team of engineers sees fo

2、r what they/re calling “ micro flier”, a tiny winged microchip with designs inspired by nature.The accomplishment belongs to a team of scientists at the Northwestern University in Illinois, who developed the micro flier, a flying microchip that spins like a helicopter. This thing is the size of a gr

3、ain of sand but with small wings and an aerodynamic （流線型 的） design that allows it to fall in a controlled manner thanks to its barely visible propellers.How does that work? Well, the engineers used nature s “manual“ to get their inspiration for the micro flier, analyzing the behavior of various type

4、s of wind spread seeds. Instead of using a motor or engine, the tiny flying microchip uses the power of wind to catch a flight, spinning across the ground at a low speed. It is a stable flight, and the micro flier can stand in the air for a long time, which is why it could prove to be useful for a v

5、ariety of applications.While nature has designed seeds with very sophisticated aerodynamics, the Northwestern team claims its micro flier is better, as it is even smaller and its structure allows it to fall with more stable paths and at slower speeds than equivalent （相當(dāng)?shù)模?seeds from plants or trees.

6、The engineers built the flying structure to be used for purposes such as population surveillance, pollution monitoring, disease tracking, to give just a few examples. And while this might look like a simple, limited device right now, researchers see its potential for becoming a highly functional ele

7、ctronic device. The micro flier can be equipped with really sophisticated technology, such as tiny sensors, antennas （天線） for wireless communication, or embedded （嵌入的） memory for data storage.Choose the best answers according to the textDetail 1. What gave the scientists inspiration for the micro fl

8、ier?A. Helicopters. B. Flying birds.C. Falling seeds. D. Raindrops.Detail 2. What is the micro flier powered by?A. Wind. B. Electricity.C. An engine. D. Solar energy.Detail 3. Which is one advantage of the micro flier over nature s work?It produces less noise.It carries more weight.It flies along de

9、signed paths.It can stay in the air for a long time.Gist 4. The last paragraph focuses on the micro fliers.A. working principle B. development processC. potential market D. accomplished tasksAnalyze some difficult sentences in the textThis thing is the size of a grain of sand but with small wings an

10、d an aerodynamic design that allows it to fall in a controlled manner thanks to its barely visible propellers. 這種飛行器只有一粒沙子那么大，但是它有微型雙翼和流線型的設(shè)計(jì)外形。由于它的 這種設(shè)計(jì)和它肉眼難見的螺旋槳，它能夠以一種可控的方式降落?！军c(diǎn)石成金】本句是個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句是 This thing is the size of a grain of sand but.design, that 弓I導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是design.It is a stable flight, and

11、 the micro flier can stand in the air for a long time, which is why it could prove to be useful for a variety of applications. 這種微型飛行器飛行穩(wěn)定, 能在空中長時(shí)間停留，所以它可能被用于各種用途?！军c(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，句中and連接兩個(gè)并列句;which引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語 從句，在這個(gè)非限制性定語從句中有一個(gè)why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。黑尾鶴是一種耐力極強(qiáng)的鳥，以不吃不喝且不停歇地長距離飛行而著稱。這種鳥 創(chuàng)下了不停歇地從阿拉斯加飛到新西蘭的世界鳥類遷徙紀(jì)錄

12、，飛行距離長達(dá)12, 000 千米。Every time you see a bird, there is a chance that you may be looking at the greatest marathon athlete in the world, particularly if you live in the US state of Alaska in late summer, and happen upon a bar tailed godwit （黑尾鶴）.These little birds were recently found to travel 7, 500 m

13、iles （12, 000 kilometers） in a nonstop flight of 11 days from Alaska to the Firth of Thames near Auckland, New Zealand. Its not the longest migration ever一that title goes to the Arctic tern （燕鷗） which goes from the Arctic to the Antarctic along the west coast of North and South America or straight d

14、own the Atlantic every year for a total of around 14, 000 kilometers. However, it is the longest nonstop flight known to scientists.Unlike the tern, the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound, and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings a

15、nd a smooth body to reduce air drag. Despite these advantages which allow it to flap its wings nearly uninterruptedly for the entire journey, how can a small bird that lives for a few years navigate for days over nothing but empty ocean to arrive in New Zealand ?Some scientists have shown birds use

16、the sun as orientation, but there is also evidence of migration as a learned skillone study showing that adult raptors （猛） were better at course correcting for wind than juveniles, suggesting that experience comes into play. Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipmen

17、t that allows them to see the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.Even with the help of a magnetic compass, the record breaking bar tailed godwit, known as 4 BBRW, departed from Alaska and passed over the Aleutian Islands in a 224 hour flight without sleep over open ocean and with no land mar

18、kers to use as visual guidance. At one point he faced winds that blew so hard that he was being blown off course towards Australia. Amazingly, he managed to correct his flight path.Choose the best answers according to the textDetail 1. What can we know about the godwit?It lives in Alaska State all y

19、ear round.It flies the longest distance during migration.It holds the record for the longest nonstop flight.It migrates along the west coast of North America.Detail 2. What s ;the Arctic tern s advantage over the godwit in flying?It has a lighter body weight.Its shaped like a modern jet.It has narro

20、wer pointed wings.It is better at adjusting its flying path.Gist 3. What s the author s purpose in writing Para. 4?A. To give examples. B. To analyze causes.C. To describe details. D. To make comparisons.Detail 4. Which of the following can best describe the godwit s migration ?A. Surprising. B. Coo

21、perative.C. Well prepared. D. Vision depending.I . Analyze some difficult sentences in the textUnlike the tern, the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound, and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag.與

22、北極燕鷗相比，黑尾鶴的體重要比燕鷗重五分之一到五分之四磅，它的飛行依 賴于與現(xiàn)代噴氣式飛機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)相似的肌肉結(jié)構(gòu)，尖銳的翅膀和平滑的身體曲線大大減少 了空氣阻力?！军c(diǎn)石成金】本句中and連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語，with結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.還有一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，一些鳥類可能會(huì)使用電磁感應(yīng)設(shè)備，這種功能可以讓鳥“看 到

23、”人類不能看到的磁場(chǎng)?！军c(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè) 定語從句，該從句的先行詞是equipment。數(shù)字食品的未來數(shù)字技術(shù)在我們的生活中起著越來越重要的作用?？茖W(xué)家們不僅研制出了 3D打 印雞肉，還找到了一種特殊的烹制方法，那就是通過激光技術(shù)烹制3D打印雞肉。lam eager to enjoy a 3D printed roasted chicken. No, wait. It would be better laser cooked, “ could be the kind of order you II hear in resta

24、urants a few years from now. The Digital Foods team at Columbia University finally found a way to prepare laboratory meat to make it more edible.Scientists have experimented with printed food since 2007. However, there was a big problem： they couldnt t find a way to cook it, since it doesnt t behave

25、 the same as traditional food. Until recently, they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat. With this, it can have an appearance, taste and texture similar to natural meat foods.For this project, scientists first prepared a uchicken meat pure （果泥）“ w

26、ith real ground meat, which was used to model different shapes with a 3D printer. Then, they put the laboratory chicken samples under a laser that sent pulses of light to stir the meat and thus heat it. This cooking process took between 5 and 14 minutes. The results showed that the meat cooked with

27、a laser shrank 50% less and retained twice the moisture, that is, it was juicier. In addition, it released more flavor than those withother methods.In the study, researchers say that the secret of the seasoning is to emit laser pulses at different wave amplitudes. For example, a blue laser goes thro

28、ugh better to cook the inside of the meat, while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. After testing 3D laser chicken, researchers say it tastes better than traditional baked meat.While digital food seems more like science fiction, preparing food on a 3D printer is now a realit

29、y. Today this technology has progressed so much that it is possible to create various ingredients and dishes.The developers of this project hope that in the future anyone can have access to a 3D food printer and print any dish they want as if it were a kitchen recipe. One of the main obstacles is th

30、at there is no sustainable ecosystem behind it, so they consider a type of “Food CAD， a piece of software that is a combination of AutoCAD and Photoshop, as well as a kind of digital cookbook for this new future kitchen should be developed.Choose the best answers according to the textDetail 1. What was the initial problem with printed food?It couldnt t be cooked. B. Its taste might be poor.C. It wasnt t edible. D. It had no nutrients.Inference 2. What can we know about the chicken that was laser cooked ?A. It