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1、Tourism Translation 2016.8.29The differences of C and E tourism textscase study pare and discussThe guiding principle of tourism translation:The strategy of tourism translation:Examples: summarize :旅游翻譯的原則與方法:作為對(duì)傳統(tǒng)“等值”觀的重大突破,德國(guó)翻譯目的論為旅游宣傳材料的翻譯策略研究開(kāi)辟了新視角。該理論強(qiáng)調(diào)翻譯以目的為總則,漢語(yǔ)旅游宣傳材料的英譯目的顯然是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)跨語(yǔ)言文化交際,吸引更多的

2、海外游客,同時(shí)也在一定程度上宣傳中國(guó)的景觀與文化。這種翻譯的目的決定了旅游宣傳資料的英譯原則是以傳播中國(guó)文化為取向,以實(shí)現(xiàn)譯文預(yù)期功能為重點(diǎn)。1 方法旅游資料翻譯主要有“增、刪、改”三種方法,即增添一些中國(guó)人可能人盡皆知而外國(guó)人卻可能一無(wú)所知的內(nèi)容,如歷史事件發(fā)生的年代,名人的生卒年代,他們的身份及其在歷史上的貢獻(xiàn),名勝的具體位置,音譯人名、地名、物品名、官階名等的確切含義等。刪節(jié)那些繁瑣鋪陳的各種歷史考證、名人語(yǔ)錄或中國(guó)古詩(shī)等。改寫(xiě)一些中國(guó)特有而不易被外國(guó)人了解的概念,如中國(guó)紀(jì)年法、中國(guó)度量衡制等類(lèi)型旅游翻譯旅游接待翻譯旅游接待翻譯指旅游一線接待人員在工作中所接觸到的各類(lèi)應(yīng)用文本翻譯。此類(lèi)翻

3、譯包括口頭翻譯和書(shū)面翻譯。旅游接待翻譯的研究?jī)?nèi)容包括各種涉及到旅游活動(dòng)的方方面面。包括導(dǎo)游解說(shuō)詞、景點(diǎn)介紹、博物館解說(shuō)詞、旅游指南、旅游地圖、旅游宣傳冊(cè)、旅游宣傳標(biāo)語(yǔ)口號(hào)、旅游廣告、文藝演出節(jié)目單、餐廳菜單、景點(diǎn)景區(qū)指示說(shuō)明牌、參觀點(diǎn)標(biāo)語(yǔ)、旅游商品名稱(chēng)與說(shuō)明、旅游交通術(shù)語(yǔ)、旅游飯店說(shuō)明和各類(lèi)通知等。2 旅游翻譯旅游管理翻譯旅游管理翻譯指旅游產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)、包裝、營(yíng)銷(xiāo)、控制與評(píng)估活動(dòng)過(guò)程中所涉及到的文本的翻譯。旅游管理翻譯的研究?jī)?nèi)容包括旅游發(fā)展計(jì)劃、旅游意向書(shū)、旅游合同、旅游線路推介、旅游日程安排、旅游推銷(xiāo)手冊(cè)、旅游會(huì)展文本等。2 旅游翻譯旅游研究翻譯旅游研究翻譯指對(duì)旅游進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究過(guò)程中的各種文本

4、的翻譯。旅游研究翻譯的形式包括旅游問(wèn)卷、旅游統(tǒng)計(jì)、旅游調(diào)研報(bào)告、旅游研究論文與旅游研究專(zhuān)著。旅游研究翻譯的研究?jī)?nèi)容包括游客消費(fèi)行為研究,旅游目的地形象研究,旅游的社會(huì)文化和環(huán)境影響研究,旅游與政府關(guān)系等。2 作業(yè):1. 總結(jié)漢英旅游文本的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格差異2.中國(guó)菜肴名稱(chēng)英譯3 結(jié)合以下三個(gè)案例,討論旅游翻譯中漢譯英的方法。4收集旅游翻譯案例,并討論分析其翻譯的優(yōu)劣之處。5四大部洲的英譯存在什么問(wèn)題,如何改進(jìn)? 飛水潭的平行文本:P41-44由形散到形合的方法總結(jié)平行文本(parallel text)本來(lái)指并排放在一起、可以逐句對(duì)照閱讀的原文及其譯文。把眾多的平行文本搜集起來(lái),按一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組合在一起就

5、形成平行語(yǔ)料庫(kù)(parallel corpora)。這些資料可以是專(zhuān)題性的文章,也可以是百科全書(shū)中的詞條,甚至包括詞典中的解釋和例句。這是對(duì)平行文本的狹義解釋。廣義的平行文本也包括與原文內(nèi)容相似的譯出語(yǔ)資料,主要用于更深入地理解原文。簡(jiǎn)單的說(shuō),平行文本就是與原文內(nèi)容接近的任何參考資料。來(lái)源:李長(zhǎng)栓. 非文學(xué)翻譯M. 北京:外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社,2009Flying water-fall pool :P41-44How to organize into a well-structured English sentence: Use subject and predicate verb as le

6、ss as possibleChoose a proper predicate verb:Withknown asAppositive phrase/clause 鼎湖山 P44-48 TT12-9Bofficial version :聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織1英畝(acre)=6.0702846畝How to organize into a well-structured English sentence: 這里既能欣賞到.又能欣賞到It boasts A likeand B, such asBoast: VERB 有,擁有(值得驕傲的成就或財(cái)產(chǎn)) If someone or something c

7、an boast a particular achievement or possession, they have achieved or possess that thing.e.g.The houses will boast the latest energy-saving technology.這些房屋將應(yīng)用最新的節(jié)能技術(shù)。四字詞組流水句的處理:find a subject and a predicate verb 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)偏正結(jié)構(gòu)The 5-acre Heavenly Lake is surrounded by the peaks of the Rooster Cage mounta

8、in, offering visitors the picturesque scenery with the blue sky and lofty mountain mirrored in its clear water. Discussion: How to translate: P92 (1)Reading about Hangzhou 杭州五云山 人間天堂 宜居福地杭州 Marveled at its charm, described as “the Paradise on earth”, and traditionally depicted as a young beauty by C

9、hinese men of letters (in ancient Chinese poems)with Five-colored Cloud mountain as its hair, West Lake its eye, Qian Tang river its belt, mist-covered willows its skirt, Hangzhou always (is bound to have?)has the magnificent scenery and endless pleasure to offer whether you be a visitor or a reside

10、nt, such as the sweet Osmanthus to smell, the famous tea to taste, the melody evening bell to hear, the art of stone seal to appreciate. One should always live in the best company,whether it be of books or of men. “無(wú)論所結(jié)交的是人還是書(shū),人總該時(shí)常有良師益友才行?!?One should always live in the best company, whether it be

11、of books or of men.Feifei: Whether it be 這個(gè)表達(dá)說(shuō)在語(yǔ)法上講是正確的,這是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的說(shuō)法,通常在談?wù)摶蛎枋鲆粋€(gè)假設(shè)或想象的情況時(shí)來(lái)使用。Whether it be 的意思就是“無(wú)論是”怎樣怎樣。在英語(yǔ)里這是一個(gè)比較老派的說(shuō)法,所以在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中更常出現(xiàn)在書(shū)面語(yǔ)言中。 All I want is to eat some great tasting food, whether it be Chinese or not. Week 5 講評(píng)作業(yè)“形散到形合”講評(píng)翻譯作P92(1),總結(jié)如下:1. 已有同學(xué)能夠?qū)懗鲂魏系木渥樱档霉膭?lì)2. 學(xué)生在準(zhǔn)確性方面意

12、識(shí)不足,沒(méi)有查證意識(shí),如:五云山是專(zhuān)有名詞,被忽視語(yǔ)言使用不夠規(guī)范,沒(méi)有查找閱讀相關(guān)英文資料學(xué)生解釋翻譯理由時(shí)會(huì)使用“可能,也許是”,沒(méi)有查證意識(shí)3. 句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系意識(shí)還需加強(qiáng):如 such as,沒(méi)有在譯文中使用 4. 總結(jié)出的翻譯程序:理解原文(小組討論)確定句式(形合)查證事實(shí)(accuracy) 接受度反饋(尋求母語(yǔ)讀者的反饋)Week 7 (10月10日)評(píng)述旅游景點(diǎn)譯文可借鑒之處可修改之處(有待商榷之處)主題句的位置VS流水鋪陳:開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山VS畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛(壓軸)P64第二句的處理頤和園手繪地圖例子主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的并列改為偏正結(jié)構(gòu)(adj+noun)P64 第五句補(bǔ)償譯法:文化背景知識(shí)

13、P67:明前茶重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如何在句式/段落當(dāng)中突出表達(dá)形合當(dāng)中應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題:With 結(jié)構(gòu),分詞、修飾成分、定語(yǔ)從句,只能適用于句意中次要部分句意中的主要 含義一定要用句子主干表達(dá)Week 8 主干與非主干,重要與次要作業(yè)講解 P93 (4)這座城市連續(xù)九年蟬聯(lián)“中國(guó)最具幸福感城市”桂冠。她環(huán)境宜人、物阜民豐、公共服務(wù)體系完善,是人們安居樂(lè)業(yè)的家園。Having won the reputation (title) of “Chinas top happiest city” for nine consecutive(straight) years, Hangzhou is a pleasant

14、and attractive city for people to live and work peacefully with pleasant environment, abundant resources , sophisticated (advanced) public service system Week 8 主干與非主干,重要與次要中國(guó)古代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量器,有斛,斗,升,合,龠五個(gè)容器單位;中間較大的一器上部為斛,下部為斗,左邊的一器上部為升,右邊的一器上部為合,下部為龠。該嘉量為乾隆九年(1744年)仿漢代王莽時(shí)期嘉量制造,銅鑄,外表鎏金,上刻有乾隆帝親撰明文。宮殿前設(shè)置嘉量,表明刻度衡

15、定,天下一統(tǒng)。Week 8 主干與非主干,重要與次要中國(guó)古代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量器,有斛,斗,升,合,龠五個(gè)容器單位;中間較大的一器上部為斛,下部為斗,左邊的一器上部為升,右邊的一器上部為合,下部為龠。該嘉量為乾隆九年(1744年)仿漢代王莽時(shí)期嘉量制造,銅鑄,外表鎏金,上刻有乾隆帝親撰明文。宮殿前設(shè)置嘉量,表明刻度衡定,天下一統(tǒng)。Grain MeasureThe jialiang was a standard grain-measuring device in pre-modern China, using five units:hu, dou, sheng, he and yue. The upper

16、part of the large container in the middle is hu, and the lower part is dou, the container on the left is sheng, the upper part of the container on the right is he, and the lower part, yue.2) This jialiang was made in 1744 in imitation of one1) used in the Wang Mang interregnum during the Han Dynasty

17、. Cast in Bronze and gilded on the surface, it bears an inscription by the Qianlong Emperor. Placing a jialiang in front of the palace indicated that weights and measures were unified3) across the empire.所查資料:百度百科, 嘉量 古代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量器。有鬴豆升三量。漢王莽改制,始建國(guó)元年頒新嘉量,合斛斗升合龠為一器。器上部為斛,下部為斗,左耳為升,右耳為合龠。見(jiàn)漢書(shū)律歷志上。西清古鑒有漢嘉量圖。原器

18、現(xiàn)存臺(tái)灣。)我國(guó)古代的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量具,全套量器從大到小依次為:斛,斗,升,合,龠(讀音見(jiàn)“計(jì)量”)。含有統(tǒng)一度量衡的意義,象征著國(guó)家統(tǒng)一和強(qiáng)盛。甄別用詞:Gild: To cover with or as if with a thin layer of gold. StandardUnification 詞序:Qianlong Emperor句式:形合文化補(bǔ)充:five volumetetric units for measuring grain, is evidently important for ancient china as a country of agriculture civiliz

19、ation 重點(diǎn):漢語(yǔ)壓軸句中的話語(yǔ)含義不能在譯文中丟掉修改后譯文Jialiang, a device made under the Emperors order with five standardized cantainers as five volumetetric units for measuring grain, including Hu,the upper part of the large middle one, Dou, the lower part of the middle one, Sheng, the left one, He, the upper part of t

20、he right one,Yue, the lower part of the right one, is evidently important for ancient china as a country of agriculture civilization. Placing the gilded bronze Jialiang bearing an inscription by Emperor Qianlong made in 1744 in front of the palace symbolizes the unification (and prosperity ) of the

21、empire by showing the standardization of the unit of measurement across the vast stretches of the whole country. 無(wú)論紫禁城的營(yíng)造,還是普通大眾生活中五行八作的建造成果,其背后無(wú)不閃過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)者的身影,無(wú)不歷來(lái)于擘畫(huà)之功,無(wú)不折射出意匠的No real piece of architecture is built up without designers wisdom, draughtsmans diligence, and artisans dexterity, regardless

22、of being imperial or not.。No real piece of architecture could have been built up without designers wisdom, draughtsmans diligence, and artisans dexterity, whether it be imperial or not.詞義辨析:Regardless ofWhether it be 句法的選擇Without One should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or

23、of men.Whether it be 這個(gè)表達(dá)說(shuō)在語(yǔ)法上講,這是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的說(shuō)法,通常在談?wù)摶蛎枋鲆粋€(gè)假設(shè)或想象的情況時(shí)來(lái)使用。Whether it be 的意思就是“無(wú)論是”怎樣怎樣。在英語(yǔ)里這是一個(gè)比較老派的說(shuō)法,所以在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中更常出現(xiàn)在書(shū)面語(yǔ)言中。Placing the lifelike statue of Bronze OX(Tongniu in Chinese)cast under the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1736-1795) on a carved stone base here is, it is believed to have a

24、 magic power, to prevent floods and protect the local people. The statue is also valued for its calligraphic art with Inscriptions of Golden OX written by Emperor Qianlong including 80 Chinese traditional characters in seal style on its back. Unit 10 “神不散”如何在英文譯文中保留P92 (2)Thereputationofatime-honore

25、dsplendidcivilizationinHangzhoucanbeseenfromthefactthatithas servednotonlyasoneoftheearliesthuman habitatsdatingbackto8000yearsago,butalsoasthecapitalcityofWuyuekingdomandthelaterSouthernSongdynasty,makingitoneofthesixmostfamousancientcapitalsinChinas history.Itiswherechinasclassicalcultureandancien

26、tbusinessweredevelopedtoitspeakprosperityinsuchfieldsaspoetry,calligraphy,painting,porcelain,confucianism,Zeninbuddhism,andcollectionsofotherdiverseantiques,fromwhichHangzhounowadayshasinheritedsomuchastomakeitsWestLakeCulturalSceneryamongthelistoftheWorldCulturalHeritage.Revised:使用銜接手段表達(dá)句際關(guān)系,維持“神”的

27、一貫:簡(jiǎn)單的手段有:1.各個(gè)句子盡量主語(yǔ)一致, 2. 用for example, such as 表達(dá)前后兩句之間的關(guān)系 這些都是權(quán)宜之計(jì)Thereputationofatime-honoredsplendidcivilizationinHangzhoucanbeseenfromthefactthatithas servednotonlyasoneoftheearliesthuman habitatsdatingbackto8000yearsago,butalsoas oneofthesixmostfamousancientcapitalsinChinas history,first as t

28、hecapitalcityofWuyuekingdom( 907-978 AD)andlateras that of the SouthernSongdynasty (11271279 AD) , where and when chinasancient civilization welldevelopedtoitspeakprosperityinsuchfieldsas eonomy,poetry,calligraphy,painting,porcelain,Confucianism,Zenof buddhism,andcollectionsofotherdiverseantiques,fr

29、omwhichHangzhounowadayshasinheritedsomuchastomakeits West Lake Cultural Landscape one of the WorldCulturalHeritage sites. 神:杭州悠久的文化學(xué)生作業(yè)中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的追求形合,缺乏“神”的統(tǒng)一,只是增加了句內(nèi)的修飾語(yǔ)(如with結(jié)構(gòu),現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞等),缺乏對(duì)句際邏輯關(guān)系的深入理解和表達(dá)手段Unit 11 “神不散”P(pán) 93 (3)神”:活力vigorvitalityrevitalized“神不散”之下的形合:句意層次關(guān)系的再現(xiàn)用詞The old city has been

30、revitalized- the youthful vitality inHangzhouis credited to the characteristics of the local people whose harmonious, elegant, hospitable andopen-mindedspirit have provided a foundation for theformation of anidealinvestment environment and commercial atmosphere, attracting people from every corner w

31、ith their dreams,innovativeideas ,diverse cultures, as well as wealth.second version Sincethe reform and open policy was implemented in Chinain 1980s, Hangzhou,an old city, has been revitalized, whichis mainly credited to the characteristics of the local people whose harmonious and inclusive spirits

32、 with graceful, hospitable andopen-minded manners that Hangzhouese is endowed with have fosteredanidealinvestment environment and commercial atmosphere, attracting people from every corner with their dreams,innovativeideas ,diverse cultures, as well as wealth.third version:英漢語(yǔ)中諸事件的呈現(xiàn)順序之差異,Sincethe r

33、eform and open policy was implemented in Chinain 1980s, Hangzhou,an old city, has been revitalized in that people from every corner with their dreams,innovativeideas ,diverse cultures, as well as wealth have been attracted by itsidealinvestment environment and commercial atmosphere fostered and sust

34、ained by the local people with theirharmonious and open-mindedspiritsand graceful andhospitable manners. ( fostered and sustained byits local people among whom harmonious and open-mindedspiritsand graceful andhospitable manners prevail.)open-minded: adjective1. having or showing a mind receptive to

35、new ideas or arguments.2. unprejudiced; unbigoted; impartial.a resourcesendowed withfueledSincethereformandopenpolicywasimplementedinChinain1980, Hangzhou,anoldcity,hasbeenrevitalizedinthatithasfosteredsuchamatureinvestmentenvironmentandcommercialatmospherebasedontheirharmoniousandopen-mindedspiritsas

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