java400本精心收藏.juniper教學(xué)講義

1、Ericsson AXI 520/580 Internet EngineerModule 1: Product Positioning and Hardware OperationModule ObjectivesAfter successfully completing this module, you will be able to: Match AXI 520/580 routers with typical applications in a service provider networkList the major components of each Ericsson AXI 5

2、20/580 router modelDescribe Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) level maintenance proceduresOperate the craft interfaceDescribe how packets flow through an AXI 520/580 routerEricssons Role in the InternetWhere we are going Networking Hardware EvolutionAXI 520/580 Product LineAXI 520-1 and AXI 520-2 AXI 520

3、-4AXI 520AXI 580Product ComparisonNetworking Hardware EvolutionThe first routers were general-purpose computersSingle CPU, RAM, monolithic operating system Low-speed serial interfaces Networking advancements:More PCs attached to networks Increased application bandwidth consumptionIncreased network s

4、peeds Single-CPU router architecture could not keep up!Development of Hardware-based packet forwarding AXI 520/580 routers implement key functions on ASICs The AXI 520/580 Product LineFamily of router platforms that deliver:Wire-rate performanceSolutions that easily scaleMarket-leading port densityF

5、lexible and manageable control over trafficOptimal bandwidth efficiencyProduct Line at a GlanceMarch 2000Packet Forwarding Performanceper Rack InchSep. 1998Dec. 1999AXI 520AXI 520-4AXI 580A Growing Historyof Rapid InnovationCommon ASIC technologyCommon JUNOS softwareCommon architectureSep. 2000AXI 5

6、20-1,-2AXI 520-1 and 520-2 RoutersEdge applications involving the aggregation of dedicated access circuitsCore applications in locations where space and power are at a premiumAXI 520-4 RouterBuilt for a variety of Internet applications:High-speed accessPublic and private peeringHosting sitesBackbone

7、 core networksAXI 520 RouterDesigned specifically for the needs of high-growth service providersDelivers the bandwidth required to cost-efficiently grow networks toOC-48c/STM-16 speedsAXI 580 RouterIdeal for large networks requiring predictable performance for feature-rich infrastructures Built for

8、large backbone cores, with features enabled for future migration to the backbone edgeProduct ComparisonFeatureAXI 520-1AXI 520-2AXI 520-4AXI 520AXI 580Full Duplex Bandwidth5+ Gbps10+ Gbps20+ Gbps40+ Gbps160+ GbpsSlot Bandwidth3.2 Gbps3.2 Gbps3.2 Gbps3.2 Gbps12.8 GbpsSlots12488PowerAC/DCAC/DCAC/DCAC/

9、DCDC OnlySize15 per rack15 per rack5 per rack2 per rack2 per rackHardware OverviewWhere we are going General Router ArchitectureRouting EnginePacket Forwarding EngineRelationship Between Routing Engine and Packet Forwarding EngineHardware OverviewRouting EnginePacket Forwarding EngineSystem Midplane

10、Flexible PIC Concentrator (FPC)Physical Interface Card (PIC)System Control BoardsRouter ArchitectureAll AXI 520/580 routers share the same basic designRouting EnginePacket Forwarding EngineConnected by100-Mbps fxp1 channelClean separation of control and forwardingRouting Engine (RE)CLIJUNOSRTPacket

11、ForwardingEngine (PFE)fxp1FTRouting Engine/Packet Forwarding Engine InteractionRouting Engine maintains Routing Table (RT) and primary copy of Forwarding Table (FT)Packet Forwarding Engine receives forwarding table from Routing Engine100-Mbps transfer rateIncrementally updatedPacket ForwardingEngine

12、Routing Engine100 MbpsPackets InPackets OutFTRTFTRouting Engine OverviewJUNOS software resides in flash memoryBackup copy available on hard driveProvides routing protocol intelligence to Packet Forwarding EngineNot directly involved with packet forwardingRuns various routing protocolsImplements comm

13、and-line interface (CLI)Manages Packet Forwarding EngineRouting Engine Characteristics Fast, Intel-based, compact PCI platformFeatureAXI 520-1,-2,-4, 580AXI 520Processor clock333 MHz333 MHzMemory768 MB768 MBSolid state flash storage80 MB80 MBHard disk storage6.4+GB6.4+GBExternal mediaPCMCIAflash car

14、dLS-120floppy diskRouting Engine Redundancy Available on AXI 520-4 and 580 onlyDefault: Routing Engine in slot 0 is the master and slot 1 is the back-upset chassis redundancy routing-engine (0|1)(master|backup|disabled)Default failover is 5 minutes, range is 300-10,000 seconds redundancy failover on

15、-loss-of-keepalives; keepalive-time seconds; routing-engine slot-number (master | backup | disabled); Routing Engine TimelineThe sequence of events is: After “X” seconds of keepalive loss, a message is loggedAfter another “X” seconds passes, the backup Routing Engine trys to assume master statusAn a

16、larm is generated when backup is activeUser must manually switchover if previously defined master es activeRouting Engine SynchronizationTo make tty connection to the other Routing Engine using the routers internal Ethernet network, issue the following commanduserhost request routing-engine login (o

17、ther-routing-engine | re0 | re1)Copy a config fileuserhost request routing-engine login (other-routing-engine | re0 | re1)userhost file copy /config/juniper.conf re1:/var/tmp/copied-juniper.confuserhost% load replace /var/tmp/copied-juniper.conf Recent versions of software use commit synchronizeMake

18、 sure you change any IP addresses specified on fxp0!Process Redundancy If software process fails 3 times in quick succession, switch to back-up source (other routing engine or alternative media)edit system processeslabaurora# set ? Possible completions: alarm-control Alarm control process+ apply-gro

19、ups Groups from which to inherit configuration data chassis-control Chassis control process craft-control Front panel I/O control process inet-process Inet process interface-control Interface control process mib-process MIB process ntp Network time process routing Routing process sampling Traffic sa

20、mpling control process snmp SNMP process watchdog Watchdog timerlabaurora# set snmp failover ?Possible completions: alternate-media On failing, reboot off alternate media other-routing-engine On failing, switch mastership to other routing enginePacket Forwarding Engine OverviewCustom ASICsImplement

21、forwarding pathDo not require a general-purpose processorProvide integrated fast features, including multicast and special queuingDivide-and-conquer architectureEach ASIC provides a piece of forwarding puzzleInternet Processor II ASICInternet Processor ASICProvides line-rate longest-match packet loo

22、kupInternet Processor II ASICAdds packet-processing features: filtering, sampling, logging, counting, and improved load balancingStandard equipment on the AXI 520-1, 520-2, and 580 platformsThe Internet Processor II has been standard on the AXI 520 and 520-4 since the second quarter of 2000 Field up

23、grade for IP I equipped platformsPacket Forwarding Engine ComponentsPhysical Interface Card (PIC)Provides physical layer interface and signalingFlexible PIC Concentrator (FPC)Carrier that accepts Physical Interface Cards (PICs)System midplaneControlAXI 520-1, 520-2Forwarding Engine Board (FEB): Comb

24、ined FPC and Control BoardAXI 520-4System Switching Board (SSB)AXI 520System Control Board (SCB)AXI 580Switching and Forwarding Module (SFM)System MidplaneAXI 520-2 system midplaneBuilt-in FPCsEight PIC slotsAXI 520-4 system midplaneSystem Switching Board slotCraft interface slotFour FPC slots3210Cr

25、aft InterfacePrimary SSBSecondary SSB10System Midplane (cont.)AXI 520 system midplaneEight FPC slotsSystem Control Board slotDistributed Buffer Manager ASICsAXI 580 system midplaneConnector Interface Panel (CIP)Eight FPC slots01234567Connector Interface PanelSCB01234567Flexible PIC Concentrator (FPC

26、)Four Physical Interface Card (PIC) connectorsHot-swappableBuilt-in on 520-1,-2High throughput rates (Full Duplex)AXI 520-16.4 GbpsAXI 520-26.4 Gbps per FPCAXI 520, 520-46.4 Gbps per FPCFour FPCs in a 520-4 routerEight FPCs in a 520 routerAXI 580 router25.6 Gbps per FPCEight FPCs per RouterTwo Types

27、 of FPCs64 or 128-MB packet memoryPooled with other slotsPowerPC supervisory processorDoes not perform packet forwardingBuffer memoryASICFPCPICPICPICPICPICPICs support from 0 to 4 physical portsSome PICs support channelized optionsTunnel PIC and Multilink Services PIC do not have any ports Custom AS

28、IC for each media typeEach port has status LEDHot-swappable on AXI 520-1, 520-2, and 580 routers onlyPhysical Interface CardPICPICPICFPCBuffer memoryASICControl SystemsAll models200-MHz PowerPC 603e processorManages forwarding table updatesManages ASICs and environmental systems64-MB EDO processor R

29、AM8 MB of forwarding table SRAMInternet Processor ASICStratum 3 synchronization referenceAll except AXI 520 routerDistributed Buffer Manager ASICsPlatform SpecificsWhere we are going AXI 520-1, 520-2 Components and ConnectorsAXI 520-4 ComponentsAXI 520 ComponentsAXI 580 ComponentsThe AXI 520-1 and 5

30、20-2 RoutersBase ChassisDual AC or DC power suppliesRouting EngineProcessorSolid-state PCMCIA storage mediaPacket Forwarding EngineCombined control and FPC boards (FEB)Physical Interface Cards520-1 and 520-2 Router ComponentsRoutingEnginePICsPowerSuppliesPCMCIAFlash CardFanCraftInterface520-1 and 52

31、0-2 Router ConnectorsManagement EthernetProvides access to router from POP administrative networkConsoleProvides direct access to JUNOS softwareAuxiliary ConsoleProvides modem access to JUNOS softwareThe AXI 520-4 RouterBase ChassisDual AC or DC power supplies4 FPC slotsRedundant Routing EnginesProc

32、essorSolid-state PCMCIA storage mediaPacket Forwarding EngineRedundant System Switching Boards (SSB)Physical Interface CardsFlexible PIC ConcentratorsAXI 520-4 Router ComponentsFrontBackPrimary SSBRoutingEnginesFPCsPowersuppliesPCMCIAflash cardFansCraftinterface0123Secondary SSBAXI 520-1, 520-2, and

33、 520-4 CoolingAXI 520-1,-2,-4 routers cool from side to side 520-4 routerThree identical fan trays in frontOne unique tray cools REs in rearIntegrated power supply fans520-1,-2 routersSingle fan tray520-4RouterFront viewThe AXI 520 RouterBase ChassisDual AC or DC power supplies8 FPC slotsRouting Eng

34、ineProcessorLS-120 floppy disk storage mediaPacket Forwarding EngineSystem Control Board (SCB)Physical Interface CardsFlexible PIC ConcentratorsAXI 520 Router ComponentsFrontBackFansSCBRoutingEngineFPCsPowerSuppliesLS-120FansCraftInterfaceCableManagementThe AXI 580 RouterBase chassisDC only power su

35、pplies8 FPC slotsRedundant Routing EnginesProcessorSolid-state PCMCIA storage mediaPacket Forwarding EngineRedundant Switching and Forwarding Modules (SFM)Physical Interface CardsTwo types of Flexible PIC ConcentratorFPC 1First-generation PICs FPC 2High-density AXI 580 PICsRedundant control systemsA

36、XI 580 Router ComponentsREsMCSsPCGsPEMsSFMsCircuitbreakersFanFanFPCsCraftinterfaceCIPAirfilterFPC1 and FPC2AXI 520 and 580 CoolingAXI 520 and 580 routers use front-to-rear coolingField-replaceable:Air filterFan componentsFan speed and temperature sensors monitored by JUNOS softwareAXI 580RouterThe C

37、raft InterfaceStatus LEDsLCD display (520 and 580 routers only)Menu and navigation buttonsFPC online/offline buttons (520, 520-4, and 580)PIC Online/Offline buttons (520-1 and 520-2)Craft InterfaceLEDsOKBlinkingStartingSolidRunningFAILSolidTaken offline because of failureButtonsPress and hold for 3

38、seconds to take FPC offlineLEDsRed alarmMajor failure that affects serviceYellow alarmMinor failure that needs attention, but does not affect serviceLCD DisplayLCD display (AXI 520 and 580 routers only)Shows status when no alarms presentShows alarm information when alarms are presentStatus DisplayLC

39、D displayStatus messagesAlarmsgodzillaUp 49+11:21:31System Chassis OKStatusAlarm DisplayAlarms presentNumber of alarmsSorted by severityAlarmgodzilla2 Alarms activeR: Fan failure Y: Change air filterDry Relay ContactsActivated with first alarmYellow and red alarmsCan be disabled with cutoff buttonNe

40、w alarms reactivate relayAlarm contacts supported on AXI 520, 520-4, and 580 platformsFAILOKFAILOKFAILOKFAILOKFAILOKFAIL01234567OKFAILMANAGEMENTETHERNETROUTING ENGINECONSOLEAUXILIARYOKMENUENTERALARMREDALARMALARMCUTOFFNCCNONCCNOYELLOWALARMFAILOKFAILOKPICs Where we are going Partial listing of common

41、PICs4 port Fast Ethernet2 port ATM OC-3 OC-192Common Physical Interface CardsATMChannelized DS-3Channelized OC-12 to DS-3 SMIRDS-3, 4 portE1E3Fast EthernetGigabit EthernetSONET/SDHT1Tunnel ServicesMultilink Services 4-Port Fast Ethernet PIC4-port Fast Ethernet PIC, TX interface with RJ45 connector2-

42、Port ATM OC-3 PIC2-port OC-3/STM-1 ATM PIC, single-mode, intermediate reach1-Port OC-192c PIC1-port OC-192c/STM-64 SONET/SDH interface, for AXI 580 routerASIC Functionality and Packet FlowWhere we are going ASICsPIC I/O ManagerI/O ManagerBuffer ManagerInternet Processor IIPacket FlowPacket Flow Exam

43、pleASICsInternet Processor ForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerFPCPICsPacket Forwarding Engine System Controller(SSB, SFM, etc.)MEMMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerInternet P

44、rocessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerFPCPICsPacket Forwarding Engine System Controller(SSB, SFM, etc.)MEMMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/O ASICConnects to FPC I

45、/O ASICManages link layer framing, CRC, and bit streamDetects link layer errorsGenerates link layer alarmsMEM ing PacketsInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerFPCPICsPac

46、ket Forwarding Engine System Controller(SSB, SFM, etc.)MEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerChops ing packets into 64-bytechunksSends to Buffer Manager 1 ASICDecodes link encapsulationDecodes protocol level informationVerifies packet integrityI/OManagerMEMInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager

47、 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerFPCPICsPacket Forwarding Engine System Controller(SSB, SFM, etc.)MEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerI/OManagerBuffer Manager ASICsManage packet memory shared across FPC slots Extr

48、act address information from packetsDirect FPCs where to forward packetsFPCPacket Forwarding Engine System Controller(SSB, SFM, etc.)MEMInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OMa

49、nagerPICsMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerI/OManagerInternet Processor ASICExtracts next-hop information from system forwarding tablePasses next-hop information to Buffer Manager 2 ASICApplies packet filtering and policy rulesCollects exception packets for queuing to Routing EngineMEMInternet Proce

50、ssorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerFPCPICsPacket Forwarding Engine System Controller(SSB, SFM, etc.)MEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerI/OManagerOutgoing PacketsReceives 64-byte chu

51、nks from Buffer Manager 2 ASICAdjusts any required protocol time-to-live valuesEncapsulates chunks inside appropriate link headerSends to PIC I/O Manager ASICPacket Flow Example (1)Packet arrives at PIC on fiber-optic cableInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/

52、OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerMEMMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPacket Flow Example (2)PIC I/O ASIC extracts data, gives to FPC I/O ASICInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerI/OM

53、anagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerMEMMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPacket Flow Example(3)FPC I/O ASIC chops up data, feeds to Buffer Manager 1 ASICMEMInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I

54、/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerI/OManagerPacket Flow Example (4)Buffer Manager 1 sprays data chunks to other slotsMEMInternet ProcessorForwardingtableBuffer Manager 1Buffer Manager 2I/OManagerI/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerMEMMEMPIC I/OManagerPIC I/OManagerI/OManagerMEMMEMMEMPacket Flow Example (5)Buffer Manager tells Internet Processor destination address and locations ofstored chunks