考點(diǎn)17 非謂語動(dòng)詞-備戰(zhàn)2021年中考英語考點(diǎn)一遍過 （解析版）

1、考點(diǎn)17非謂語動(dòng)詞命題趨勢(shì)：非謂語動(dòng)詞是歷年中考必考知識(shí)點(diǎn)。從考查形式看，一般有單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、詞語運(yùn)用等。所占分 值通常為24分。從命題意圖看，側(cè)重考查考生的具體語言環(huán)境中使用非謂語動(dòng)詞的能力。中考考查重點(diǎn)：.動(dòng)詞不定式；.動(dòng)名詞；.分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。非謂語動(dòng)詞指不能單獨(dú)作謂語，但同時(shí)仍保存動(dòng)詞某些特征的動(dòng)詞形式。非謂語動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式、 動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。（構(gòu)成：to +動(dòng)詞原形作用：作除謂語外的任何成分一 構(gòu)成：u-.ing/u.-ed（規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞）動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式分詞一作用：表、定、狀、補(bǔ)構(gòu)成：v.-ing動(dòng)名詞v作用：主、賓、表、定考向一：不定式1.

2、動(dòng)詞不定式的作用句子成分用法例句作主語謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，為防止“頭重腳輕”常用it作形 式主語。常用句型有：It is +adj.+for/of sb.+（not）to do sth.意為做某事對(duì)某 人來說是”。It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.學(xué)好一 門語言是不容易的。Ao2020 上海市】The engineers will keep the project with the manager of the company

3、.A. discussB. discussedC. discussingD. to discuss【答案】c【解析】句意：工程師們將繼續(xù)與公司經(jīng)理討論這個(gè)工程?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。discuss原形；discussed一般 過去式、過去分詞；discussing動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞；to discuss不定式；ke叩doing sth繼續(xù)做某事，可知此處 填動(dòng)名詞；應(yīng)選C。2020 上海市】Doctors tell us our hands before and after every meal.A. washB. washedC. washingD. to wash【答案】D【解析】句意：醫(yī)生告訴我

4、們飯前飯后耍洗手.考查動(dòng)詞非謂語的用法。根據(jù)句型tell sb to do sth告訴某人 做某事，可知不定式to do做賓補(bǔ)。應(yīng)選D。2020 四川攀枝花】The doctor warns Jack stop because it is bad for hishealth.A. to; smoking B. not; to smoke C. to; to smoke D. not to; smoking【答案】A【解析】句意：醫(yī)生告誡杰克要戒煙，因?yàn)檫@對(duì)他的健康有害。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。smoking動(dòng)名詞；to smoke 動(dòng)詞不定式。第一空是固定用法warnsb.todosth.,意為“告誡

5、某人做某事”，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，根 據(jù)語境，可知是“要戒煙，排除BD；第二空根據(jù)固定搭配stop doing sth.,意為“停止做某事 動(dòng)名詞作賓 語，假設(shè)是stop to do sth.,動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，那么意為“停下來去做某事，根據(jù)語境，可知是“停止吸煙。故 選Ao20.【2020 四川省遂寧市】Its important for us a healthy lifestyle.A. to keepB. keepC. keepingD. kept【答案】A【解析】句意：保持健康的生活方式對(duì)我們來說很重要?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。to keep動(dòng)詞不定式；ke叩動(dòng)詞 原形；keeping動(dòng)名

6、詞/現(xiàn)在分詞；kept動(dòng)詞過去式。固定句式：its+形容詞+for sb+to do sth對(duì)某人來說做某 事是”，句中讓作形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語，所以空格處填tokeep。應(yīng)選A。2020 海南省】Frank and his friends had great fun volleyball on the beach yesterday.A. playB. playingC. to play【答案】B【解析】句意：弗蘭克和他的朋友昨天在沙灘上打排球玩得很開心?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。play玩，動(dòng)詞原形; playing動(dòng)詞的ing形式；to play動(dòng)詞不定式。句中have great f

7、un doing sth做某事玩得很高興，其后應(yīng)接動(dòng) 詞的ing形式playingo應(yīng)選B。2020 黑龍江綏化】My teacher encouraged me English as much as possible.A. to speakB. speakC. speaking【答案】A【解析】句意：我的老師鼓勵(lì)我盡量多說英語?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。A. to speak動(dòng)詞不定式；B. speak動(dòng)詞原 形；C.speaking現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞。encourage sb. to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事、符合句意, 應(yīng)選Ao2020 鎮(zhèn)江市】 A lot of museum

8、s in China are worth. If you have time, you can choose to go.A. visitedB. visitingC. to visitD. visit【答案】B【解析】句意：中國的很多博物館值得參觀。如果你有時(shí)間，你可以選擇去?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。visited動(dòng)詞的過 去式；visiting動(dòng)名詞；to visit動(dòng)詞不定式；visit動(dòng)詞原形。此處用be worth doing表示“值得做某事”，此處 用動(dòng)名詞visitingo應(yīng)選 用24.12020 南通市 JThey offered courses students know the imp

9、ortance of protecting the Huanghe River.A. helpB. helpedC. helpsD. to help【答案】D【解析】句意：他們開設(shè)課程來幫助學(xué)生了解保護(hù)黃河的重要性。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。help是動(dòng)詞原形；helped 是過去式；helps第三人稱單數(shù)形式；to help是動(dòng)詞不定式。結(jié)合句意，他們開設(shè)課程，是為了幫助學(xué)生了 解保護(hù)黃河的重要性，表示目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，應(yīng)選D。. 2020 鹽城市】The Birdwatching Society goes to Zhalong Nature Reserve the birds every

10、 year.A. to countB. countingC. countD. counts【答案】A【解析】句意：觀鳥協(xié)會(huì)每年都去扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)統(tǒng)計(jì)鳥類數(shù)量?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。to count動(dòng)詞不定式形 式；counting動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞形式；count數(shù)數(shù)，計(jì)算總數(shù)，動(dòng)詞原形；counts是動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形 式。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空在句中作目的狀語，表示“去扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)”的目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。應(yīng)選 Ao.【2020湖北省恩施州My sister has gone to work in Beijing, not for money, but herself.A. improveB.

11、 improvedC. to improve【答案】C【解析】句意：我姐姐去北京工作，不是為了錢，而是為了提高自己。此題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。improve是動(dòng)詞原形；improved是過去分詞；to improve是動(dòng)詞不定式。根據(jù)not for money可知，此處表示目的，因此用動(dòng)詞不定式，應(yīng)選C。.【2020湖北省黃石市】He spent two hours his mother with housework last Sunday.A. helpingB. helpedC. to helpD. help【答案】A【解析】句意：上星期天他花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)時(shí)間幫媽媽做家務(wù)?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。A. h

12、elping動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；B. helped過去式；C. to help動(dòng)詞不定式；D. help動(dòng)詞原形。 根據(jù)英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，spend time (in) doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事，故help應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式, 應(yīng)選Ao.【2020長沙市】 We are glad that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing somediseases.A. knowB. to knowC. knowing【答案】B【解析】句意：我們很高興地知道，中醫(yī)在預(yù)防某些疾病方面可以發(fā)揮奇效?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)

13、詞。know知道。 know動(dòng)詞原形；to know動(dòng)詞不定式；knowing動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知句子是說“很高興 知道”，作表語的形容詞glad后接動(dòng)詞不定式作原因狀語。應(yīng)選B。.【2020益陽市】Diana used to to work, but now she is used to because the road iscrowded and she wants to keep fit.A. drive; walkB. drive; walkingC. driving; walk【答案】B【解析】句意：戴安娜過去常常開車去上班，但現(xiàn)在她習(xí)慣步行，因?yàn)榈缆泛軗頂D，且她想保

14、持健康?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。drive開車，駕駛；walk步行。根據(jù)第一空前“used to”可知此處用used to do sth,表示“過去 常常做某事”，第一空用動(dòng)詞原形drive；根據(jù)第二空前“is used to”可知此處用be used to doing sth.表示習(xí)慣 于做某事”，第二空用動(dòng)名詞walking。應(yīng)選B。.【2020懷化市一A lot of old people are lonely. What can we do to help them?I want the old peoples home to talk to them.A. visitB. to visitC

15、. visiting【答案】B【解析】句意：很多老人都很孤獨(dú)。我們能做些什么來幫助他們？我想去老人之家和他們聊聊。 考查非謂語。visit參觀，動(dòng)詞原形；to visit參觀，動(dòng)詞不定式；visiting參觀，現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞形式；根 據(jù)句意理解可知，這里表達(dá)的是“想要做某事，英語是wanttodosth.,是用不定式作賓語，所以這里應(yīng)該 用 to visit,應(yīng)選 B。. 2020* 內(nèi)蒙古包頭市the project as planned, they need to work two more hours a day.A. To finishB. FinishingC. FinishD.

16、To be finished【答案】A【解析】句意：為了按計(jì)劃完成這個(gè)工程，他們需要每天多工作兩個(gè)小時(shí)?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。To finish動(dòng)詞 不定式；Finishing動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞形式；Finish完成，動(dòng)詞原形；To be finished動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空表示目的“為了.“，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語；主語they與動(dòng)詞finish是主動(dòng) 關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式。應(yīng)選A。Q模擬檢測(cè)2020* 福建省泉州市二模】The doctor did what he could the girl who was badly injured in theaccid

17、ent.A. saveB. savingC. to save【答案】C【解析】句意：醫(yī)生盡他所能去救在事故中受傷的女孩?？疾榉侵^語。save挽救，動(dòng)詞原形；saving挽救， 現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞；t。save挽救，動(dòng)詞不定式；根據(jù)句意理解可知，這里表達(dá)的是“為了挽救”，表達(dá)的 是目的，英語中不定式可以作目的狀語，應(yīng)選C。.【2020黑龍江省哈爾濱市松北區(qū)一?！縏im is a helpful student in our class. He always helps the students in trouble,himself popular among our teacher and cla

18、ssmates.A. makeB. madeC. making【答案】C【解析】句意：蒂姆是我們班上喜歡幫助別人的學(xué)生，他總是幫助有困難的學(xué)生，這使得他在我們老師和 同學(xué)中受歡迎?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞。make動(dòng)詞原形;made動(dòng)詞的過去式;making動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。“ himself popular among our teacher and classmates這局部是結(jié)果狀語，表示由前面得出的意料之內(nèi)、情理之中的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn) 在分詞making。應(yīng)選C。.【2020黑龍江省哈爾濱市松北區(qū)二模】Two sessions 2020 （兩會(huì)）has said, Life is invaluable（無

19、價(jià)的）.Thisis a price we must pay, and a price that is worth.A. to payB. payingC. paid【答案】B【解析】句意：2020年兩會(huì)曾說：“生命是無價(jià)的。這是我們必須付出的代價(jià)，也是值得付出的代價(jià)。” 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞辨析。to pay付出，支付，動(dòng)詞不定式；paying動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞形式；paid是pay的過去 式或過去分詞形式。根據(jù)句意可知，這句話中使用了句型be worth doing sth. “值得做某事”，因此這里應(yīng) 用動(dòng)名詞形式。應(yīng)選B。.【2020湖南省長沙市青竹湖湘一外國語三?！縈y mom always

20、 tells me: when things are a disappointment, be so discouraged.（氣餒的）A. trying not toB. to try not toC. try not to【答案】C【解析】句意：我媽媽總是告訴我:當(dāng)事情令人失望的時(shí)候，不要那么氣餒。此題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。trying not to是動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；to try not to是動(dòng)詞不定式；try not to是動(dòng)詞原形。when things are a disappointment 是when引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，與主句連用，動(dòng)詞原形開頭的是祈使句，應(yīng)選C。.【2020山

21、東省濟(jì)南市槐蔭區(qū)二?！恳?Did you have a good weekend?一Yes. I went to the countryside my grandparents.A. seeB. sawC. seeingD. to see【答案】D【解析】句意：你周末過得愉快嗎？ 是的。我去鄉(xiāng)下看望我的祖父母?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式作目的狀 語。see動(dòng)詞原形；saw動(dòng)詞過去式；seeing動(dòng)名詞；to see動(dòng)詞不定式。本句謂語動(dòng)詞是went to the countryside,后面跟非謂語動(dòng)詞，see和saw是謂語動(dòng)詞，故排除A和B；根據(jù)句意可知看望祖父母是去 鄉(xiāng)下的目的，用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語

22、，應(yīng)選D。.【2020四|省樂山市峨眉 ill市二?！縈r Wang is good at cooking and has decided his ownrestaurant.A. openB. to openC. opening【答案】B【解析】句意：王先生擅長烹飪，已決定開自己的餐館?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式?！癲ecide to do sth.”表示決定 做某事，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。應(yīng)選B。.【2020四川省瀘州市瀘縣二?！縊ur teacher always tells us in the river because its very dangerous.意為做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間作賓語常接

23、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：would like, want, like,hope, wish, plan, decide,learn, agree, try, remember, forget, expect, refuse,afford, prefer, continue, promise, begin, start 等 think,find,believe 等動(dòng)詞可用于動(dòng)詞 +it+M：+to do sth. ”句型中。it作形式賓語，而真正的賓 語是后面的不定式。I would like to make friends with you. 我想要和你交朋友。I find it diffi

24、cult to pass my math exam .我發(fā)現(xiàn)要通過數(shù)學(xué)考試很難。作定語動(dòng)詞不定式放在名詞、代詞后作定語，兩者之間常有邏 輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此，如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物 動(dòng)詞，后面應(yīng)該加上相應(yīng)的介詞。常接不定式作定語的 名詞有：time, need, way, chance, opportunity, courage, reason, effort, determination, decision ,ability, ambitionCan you give me a pen to write with?能給我一只用于書寫的筆嗎？ Do you have something t

25、o say?你有 什么要說的嗎？作狀語不定式?？捎米鳡钫Z，修飾動(dòng)詞，表示行為的目的、結(jié) 果和原因。To do a good job,we must have theright tools.要干好活工具要對(duì)頭。作表語放在系動(dòng)詞后作表語。My dream is to be an engineer.我想成 為一名工程師。2.不定式的特殊用法使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，須省略t。此類動(dòng)詞有：一感(feel)、二聽(hear, listen to) 三讓(let, make, have) 四看(look at, see, watch, notice) 五幫(help)。變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，

26、省略的 to 那么要加上。動(dòng)詞不定式的否認(rèn)形式是not to do,其被動(dòng)形式為to be done。 Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone.我們老師要求我們不要單獨(dú)一人在河里游泳。常接疑問詞+帶 to 的不定式的動(dòng)詞有 teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget 等。 My mother taught me how to cook yesterday.昨天我媽媽教我如何做飯?？枷蚨簞?dòng)名詞(一)動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞是由”動(dòng)詞+-ing”構(gòu)成，和現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣

27、，兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特點(diǎn)。(二)動(dòng)名詞作用句子成分用法例句作主語單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有：It is no use （good） +v.ing.Seeing is believing.眼見為實(shí)。It is no use arguing again.再去爭吵也沒有用。作表語放在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語Her job is looking after the children.她的工作 是照顧這些小孩子。作賓語用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，不能用不定式作賓 語的詞有：avoid, finish, consider, give up, cannot help, allow, imagine,

28、include, keep, mind, practice, suggest, succeed in, be used to do, look forward to, enjoy, be busyNo matter what happened, I wont give up achieving my dream.不管發(fā)生了什么事情， 我都不會(huì)放棄去實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。作定語用于名詞前，起修飾說明作用There is a swimming pool in her home.她家有個(gè)游泳池。（三）動(dòng)名詞的特殊用法即可接動(dòng)詞不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：love, like, hate, prefer

29、, dislike, begin, start, continue,intend, attempt, cant bear, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, neglect, try, deserve, cant afford 等動(dòng)t司。有時(shí)兩者之間的意義差異不大，但remember, regret, want, try等詞后差異比擬明顯?？枷蛉悍衷~（一）現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞由v.+ing構(gòu)成，過去分詞卜+ed（規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞）構(gòu)成。（-）分詞的用法句子成分用法例句作定語現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，有主動(dòng)的含 義，過去分詞表示已經(jīng)

30、完成，有被動(dòng) 的含義。The crying boy annoyed us a lot.那個(gè)哭泣的男孩使我們很 煩惱。作表語放在系動(dòng)詞后作表語The story is interesting.! am interested in it.這個(gè)故事很有趣，我對(duì)它很感興趣。作賓語補(bǔ)足語用于補(bǔ)充說明賓語的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)He could hear his heart beating fast.他可以聽見自己的心臟跳得很快。作狀語通常表示主語正在進(jìn)行的另一動(dòng)作，來對(duì)主語的主要?jiǎng)幼骷右孕揎?。I got home, feeling very tired.我疲憊地回到家里。，方法技巧非謂語動(dòng)詞解題七大原那么原那么一：

31、用作目的狀語，原那么上要用不定式。原那么二：用作伴隨狀語，原那么上要用-ing。原那么三：用作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式，其區(qū)別是，一般用ing,表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意 料之中。不定式作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。原那么四：但凡含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原那么上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，那么用不定式的 被動(dòng)式；如果所涉及的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，那么用-ing的被動(dòng)式。原那么五：非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語原那么上應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致。原那么六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，原那么上要用完成式(根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或-ing 的完成式)。原那么七：用于

32、名詞后作定語時(shí)：用不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生；用-ing,表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用過去分詞， 表示動(dòng)作被動(dòng)、完成?！厩蓪W(xué)妙記】后跟to do作賓語的動(dòng)詞(詞組)想要，拒絕，忘記(want/would like, refuse, forget)(2)需要,努力,學(xué)習(xí)(need, try, learn)(3)喜歡，同意，幫助(like, agree, help)(4)希望,決定,開始(hope/wish, decide, begin/start)【巧學(xué)妙記】巧記后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞喜歡(enjoy)不斷(keep)提建議(suggest)盼望(look forward to)習(xí)慣(be used to

33、)卻完畢(finish)想要(feel like)花費(fèi)(spend)去練習(xí)(practice)忍俊不禁(carft help)還介意(mind).也跟蹤訓(xùn)練I.適當(dāng)形式填空(單句適當(dāng)形式).How about(have) a party next Sunday.Dad often ask me(not play) on the road.dont know how(express) my exciting feelings.Mr, Green was so angry that he couldnt help(shout) at his wife.We should avoid(disturb

34、) others.He was made(wash) the car himself.We must take strong measure(protect)our environment.8.1 happened(meet) one of my friends in the street yesterday.9.Theres no need(leave) right now.ts our duty(protect) our planet.l.Fm sorry(disturb) you.Can you teach me how(surf)?.He promised(follow) the go

35、od suggestions.14.If you have a chance(study) here,you will learn more knowledge.15.Learn the new while(review) the old.【答案】1.having 2.not to play 3.to express 4.shouting 5.disturbing 6.to wash7.to protect 8.to meet9.to leave 10,to protect11 .to disturb 12.to surf 13.following 14.to study 15.reviewi

36、ngTI.單項(xiàng)選擇。1.since the night before, I felt very hungry.A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anythingC. I hadnt eaten anythingD. Not having eaten anything2. We then listened to the child the article on the blackboard.A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written 3.it

37、 with me and Fil see what I can do.A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave4.such a chance, why dont you have a try?A. To give B. Having C. GivenD. Giving 5.Five people were reported in the accident.A. to be killed B. to killC. killedD. to have been killed6.is bad for his health.A. Mike smok

38、ing B. Mikes smoking C. Mike*s being smoking D. Mike smokes【答案】1-6 DDCDBC真題再現(xiàn)2020 貴州省安網(wǎng)頁市 With the improvement in transportation, students in some small villages no longer go on ropeways rivers to schools.A. to crossB. crossingC. crossed【答案】A【解析】句意：隨著交通的改善，一些小村莊的學(xué)生不再走索道過河上學(xué)。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。tocross動(dòng)詞 不定式形式;c

39、rossing動(dòng)名詞形式;crossed動(dòng)詞過去分詞形式。根據(jù)空前的go on ropeways結(jié)合選項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞cross 可知，此處是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的狀語，走索道過河上學(xué)go on ropeways to cross rivers to schools符合句意。應(yīng)選Ao2020 貴州銅仁市】一Look! Kangkang, that old man is crossing the crosswalk.一Jane, lets him.A. helpsB. to helpC. helpingD. help【答案】D【解析】句意：一一康康快看！那個(gè)老人正在過馬路。一一簡，讓我們?nèi)退??？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。

40、helps 幫助,第三人稱單數(shù)；to help不定式；helping動(dòng)名詞;help動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)“讓某人做某事let sb do sth.”， 應(yīng)選D。2020 黑龍江省龍東地區(qū)】We should do what we can those people when they are in trouble.A. to helpB. helpedC. help【答案】A【解析】句意：當(dāng)人們有困難的時(shí)候，我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能去幫助他們?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。t。help動(dòng)詞不 定式；helped動(dòng)詞的過去式或過去分詞；help動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)題干可知此處用do what one can to do sth.

41、表示 “竭盡全力做某事”，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式to help作目的狀語。應(yīng)選A。2020 江蘇省蘇州市】The doctors and nurses managed the lives of patients, though they didnt haveenough medicine.A. saveB. savingC. to saveD. to saving【答案】C【解析】句意：盡管醫(yī)生和護(hù)士沒有足夠的藥，他們還是設(shè)法挽救了病人的生命。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。save 挽救。save動(dòng)詞原形；saving動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞；to save動(dòng)詞不定式；to saving介詞to+動(dòng)名詞。根 據(jù)題干

42、中“managed”可知此處用manage to do sth.表示“設(shè)法做成某事”，用不定式to save作賓語。應(yīng)選C。2020 四川省成都市】一Why do many farmers put their products online these days?-them more easily.A. To sellB. SellC. Selling【答案】A【解析】句意： 為什么現(xiàn)在很多農(nóng)民把他們的產(chǎn)品放到網(wǎng)上？ 為了更方便的賣?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。 To sell動(dòng)詞不定式；Sell動(dòng)詞原形；Selling動(dòng)名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞形式。分析句意可知，前文詢問原因，所以此 處表示“為了更方便的賣: 可

43、用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。應(yīng)選A。2020 四 I達(dá)州 市 J Our government tries to do everything they can people live a better life.to helpB. helpC. helpingD. helped【答案】A【解析】句意：我們的政府試著盡力幫助人們過上更好的生活?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。A. to help動(dòng)詞不定式；help動(dòng)詞原形；C. helping動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；D. helped過去式或過去分詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Our government tries to do everything (they can) peop

44、le live a better life 中 they can 做后置定語修飾 everything,不影響空格處動(dòng)詞help的形式，故空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，應(yīng)選A。2020 四川達(dá)州市】一Clara, you have Journey to the West for two weeks.Son-y, I wanted to give it back but was made Dazhou on business last week.borrowed; to leavekept; to leavekept; leaveborrowed; leave【答案】B【解析】句意：克拉拉，

45、西游記這本書你已經(jīng)借了兩個(gè)星期了。對(duì)不起，我想把它還給你，但 上周我被迫離開達(dá)州去出差了?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析和非謂語動(dòng)詞。borrow借入，瞬間性動(dòng)作，keep保存，保存, 持續(xù)性動(dòng)作。由時(shí)間段for two weeks“兩周”，可知用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，keep的過去分詞為kept,故排除A和D。 動(dòng)詞短語make sb. do sth.接不帶to的不定式做賓補(bǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)是要加上to,即be made to do,所以第二 個(gè)空用to leave,應(yīng)選Bo2020 甘孜州】He felt tired, so he stopped a rest under the tree.A. havingB. ha

46、veC. to have【答案】C【解析】句意：他感到累了，所以他停下來在樹下休息?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。stop doing sth.停止做某事；stop to do sth.停下來去做某事。根據(jù)題干中“He felt tired”可知是停下來去休息，用tohave符合題意。應(yīng)選C。2020 甘孜州】The singer was often seen to practice songs near the woods three years ago.A. singB. singingC. to sing【答案】B【解析】句意：三年前這個(gè)歌手經(jīng)常被看到在樹林附近練習(xí)唱歌。考查動(dòng)名詞。sing動(dòng)詞原形；

47、singing動(dòng) 名詞；to sing動(dòng)詞不定式。此處表達(dá)“練習(xí)做某事用practice doing,此處用動(dòng)名詞singing作賓語。應(yīng)選B。 10. 2020 重慶市】They hope the basketball match.A. winB. wonC. to winD. winning【答案】C【解析】句意：他們希望贏這場(chǎng)籃球比賽?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。win贏，動(dòng)詞原形；won是win的過去式或過 去分詞形式；to win動(dòng)詞不定式；winning動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞形式。句中謂語動(dòng)詞是hope,意為“希望”，常 用于句型hope to do sth.“希望去做某事。因此這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。應(yīng)選C。2020 重慶市 B 卷】Wed better follow the seven-step hand-washing