講座高考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧

1、 高考英語專題講座（一）單 項(xiàng) 填 空亳州一中南校：高 楠 1有人說，每一個(gè)單項(xiàng)填空題都是一個(gè)小小的語言世界， 那里面人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、 事件、結(jié)果等等“五臟俱全”。各種語法項(xiàng)目穿插其中，真可謂是“步步驚心”。2單 項(xiàng) 填 空 題第一部分：走進(jìn)高考第二部分：揭秘高考3第一部分：走進(jìn)高考考綱說明： 單項(xiàng)填空著重考查考生對(duì)英語語言知識(shí)的識(shí)記,理解和運(yùn)用能力.要求考生根據(jù)題干所給的語境進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)比,靈活的運(yùn)用英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí). -2012年考試說明4安徽高考單項(xiàng)填空考點(diǎn)分布（近三年）代詞：三年兩考 冠詞：三年一考 名詞：三年一考 介詞：三年兩考形容詞和副詞：三年五考三大從句：三年六考交際用語：三年六考

2、動(dòng)詞及短語動(dòng)詞：三年五考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語氣：三年兩考時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)：三年八考特殊句式：三年一考非謂語動(dòng)詞 ：三年四考主謂一致：三年一考（與時(shí)態(tài)搭配）5高考必考點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)三大從句形容詞副詞非謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語交際用語6必考點(diǎn)之情景交際（安徽2012）32. I love the Internet. Ive come to know many friends on the Net. . Few of them would become your real friends. A. Thats for sure B. Its not the case C. I couldnt agree more D

3、. Im pleased to know that （安徽2011）23.Oh, you sounded just like a native. _, I still have trouble expressing myself. A. Well, not quite B.I dont care C. Yes, youre right D. Im glad you like it 29. You can have a pet dog, but suppose you get bored with it in a few days? _ We wont, we promise! A. Then

4、what B. All right C. How come D. So what35. We got here Tuesday afternoon. _Why didnt you call us earlier? A. Good luck! B. You did? C. Its no surprise. D. You are welcome8錦囊妙解：交際用語的特點(diǎn)是“你有來言，我有去語”,這就是信息。分析，理解，推斷這種信息就是解題的關(guān)鍵！Tips:1. 置身語境中，扮演對(duì)話角色，體會(huì)語言信息和語氣；2.尤其注意空白處后的答句，找到解題的關(guān)鍵詞；3.了解英漢文化的差異，注意語言的地道得體，不

5、受漢語思維限制。4.了解每個(gè)選項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)具體首先語境，如：道歉，道謝，問候，告別， 用語等5.對(duì)拿不準(zhǔn)的選項(xiàng)可用“代入檢驗(yàn)法”，試讀別扭的不選。Return安徽2012 26. In order to find the missing child , villagers all they can over the past five hours. B. do C. had done D. have been doing35. After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it .

6、 A. was decorated B. had decorated C. had been decorating D. was being decorated必考點(diǎn)之時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)10 安徽201127.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. A. is B. are C. was D. were 32. I didnt ask for the name list. Why _on my desk? I put it there just now

7、 in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed 11一看時(shí)間狀語。記住與各種時(shí)態(tài)經(jīng)常連用的時(shí)間狀語。二看已知?jiǎng)釉~時(shí)態(tài)。注意復(fù)合句中主、從句之間的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。三看語境。注意上下文隱含的時(shí)間提示。四看句型。錦囊妙解：“四看法”12學(xué)以致用安徽2010 28.-Were you surprised by the ending of the film? -No , I_ the book ,so I already knew the story. A.was reading

8、 B. had read C. am reading D. have read 34.-We ve spent too much money recently. Well ,it isnt surprising ,Our friend and relatives around all the time A ing B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming Return安徽201128. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator , _ it will keep for two

9、 or three weeks. B. which C. where D. while 33.Just use this room for the time being ,and well offer you a larger one _it becomes available A as soon as B unless C as far as D until 必考點(diǎn)之三大從句14安徽201227. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these

10、 limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. Why安徽201029.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest.A. wherever B. whenever C even if D as if 15解題思路1)首先要確定考察的是從句（根據(jù)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)）,選項(xiàng)多為引導(dǎo)詞或連詞如：that,what,where,when,why,how,

11、if,because,even if,now that,as soon as.2)進(jìn)一步確定考察的是何種從句（定從，名從，狀從），依據(jù)各種從句的具體語法要求來解題定從：確定先行詞名從：確定主干結(jié)構(gòu)（如主句的謂語動(dòng)詞）狀從：體會(huì)前后兩句話之間的關(guān)系，主要看翻譯。尤其要記住固定連詞的翻譯Return16 必考點(diǎn)之非謂語動(dòng)詞 安徽2012 24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to hav

12、e locked 安徽2011 30.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break 安徽201030.He had a wonderful childhood， _with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 安徽200928.The play

13、next month aims mainly to reflect the local cultureA.produced B.being produced C.to be produced D.having been produced 安徽2008 30. _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 非謂語動(dòng)詞解題四部曲分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷是否用非謂語形式；2. 找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語，確定該

14、動(dòng)詞與邏 主語之間的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)）；3. 搜索句中相關(guān)時(shí)間信息，確定非謂語動(dòng)詞的 恰當(dāng)形式；4.結(jié)合語境，代入檢驗(yàn)。學(xué)法導(dǎo)航1.熟記一些固定或特殊用法、搭配；2.注意非謂語與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等的區(qū)別。題干和選項(xiàng)分析問題、解決問題的能力。Return必考點(diǎn)之形容詞副詞安徽201223. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand ,even more so. A. vital B. available C. specific D. similar 34.Queen Elizabeth is often to

15、be richest woman in the world. , her personal wealth seems rather small. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether 安徽201124.To be great, you must be smart, confident, and , _, honest. A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after all 31._, I managed to get through the game and the pain was wo

16、rth it in the end. A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently安徽2010 31. _, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile A. Shy and cautious B. sensitive and thoughtful C Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic 點(diǎn)津：近三年乃至五年的安徽高考對(duì)于形容詞和副詞的考察主要是詞義辨析題，解題方式

17、較簡(jiǎn)單：1.讀懂語義，結(jié)合語境，2.明白選項(xiàng)意思，代入檢驗(yàn)即可。絕招：熟記考綱詞匯！警惕：有可能還會(huì)考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞，熟詞生義，同根形容詞副詞辨析，比較級(jí)及其修飾語等。Return必考點(diǎn)之動(dòng)詞及短語動(dòng)詞安徽2012 28.The athletes years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up 安徽2011 21. As the story_, the truth about the str

18、ange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops 34. If you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon 安徽2010 22.No matter how low you consider yourself ,there are always someone

19、 _you wishing they were that high getting rid of B. getting along with C. Looking up to D. looking down upon 23.-How did you like Nicks performance last night?To be honest, his singing didnt _to me much A. appeal B .belong C refer D. occur 安徽200933.We tried to find a table for seven,but they were al

20、l Agiven away Bkept away Ctaken up Dused up 點(diǎn)津近五年對(duì)于動(dòng)詞及短語動(dòng)詞的考查主要是通過設(shè)置具體語境來考查不同動(dòng)詞短語的本義或引申義，另外集中考查常見高頻動(dòng)詞及其搭配。解題技巧：結(jié)合語境，代入檢驗(yàn)。關(guān)鍵：平時(shí)多積累，集中突破高頻短語動(dòng)詞，牢記基本義，關(guān)注引申義Return第二部分：命 題 規(guī) 律 探 索 命題常用手段：增、省、變、混、惑 具體來說，主要通過增加句子的復(fù)雜 度、省略句子的某些成分、改變句子 的正常結(jié)構(gòu)、利用相似易混的句式結(jié) 構(gòu)或創(chuàng)設(shè)迷惑的語言環(huán)境等手段來設(shè) 計(jì)干擾信息，誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生的思維。27“增” 命題人通過添加插入語、限定語、定語從句、

21、同位語等成分，無疑增加了句子的復(fù)雜程度，造成學(xué)生的視覺差異，從而導(dǎo)致思維錯(cuò)位，產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)。解答這類題通常采用的方法是“刪除法”，去掉多余信息(插入語、限定語等)，答案就顯而易見了。28 1.John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as增B2933.（2011安徽）Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hour

22、s on Mondays through Saturdays. A keeps B keep C have kept D had kept A30“省” 省略句很容易影響學(xué)生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的準(zhǔn)確把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、狀語從句的省略、句子謂語的省略、主謂語的省略及強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略等。解答此類題的較好方法是“補(bǔ)全法”。句子結(jié)構(gòu)補(bǔ)充完整后，干擾因素也就隨之消失，答案也就容易判斷了。313I will spend as much as I _ the lessons.Acan go over Bcan to go overCcan going over Dgo答案C把這句話寫完整就是：I wi

23、ll spend as much as I can spend in going over the lessons.4The young student did what he could _ the examinations.Apass Bto pass Cpassing Dpassed答案Bcould后省略了do，不定式表目的。32 “變” 命題人可以利用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、被動(dòng)句、疑問句、倒裝句、感嘆句、拆分句等特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來改變句子的正常詞序，造成搭配上的假象，從而達(dá)到干擾的目的。這類題有相當(dāng)大的迷惑性，極易導(dǎo)致學(xué)生上當(dāng)。解此類題最可靠的方法是“還原法”。只要恢復(fù)了它的廬山真面目，答案就一目了然了。3

24、3 由于疑問句的使用，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變得陌生，對(duì)于這類題，可將題干還原成一個(gè)陳述句。如:1.Whom would you rather have _with you ? go B. go C. gone D. going分析：本題題干改成陳述句，則應(yīng)是：You would rather have whom_with you . have sb do sth34 Never _time come back again. A. will lose B. will lost C. will losing D. will to lose如果將這個(gè)句子改為陳述句后我們便可以很容易地看出其結(jié)構(gòu)為： Lost

25、time will never come back again.35Oh, John. _ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise分析:先把題干還原為陳述句：Oh, John. You gave us a pleasant surprise! 36 由于被動(dòng)句的使用，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)于主動(dòng)句來說就沒有那么清楚。我們?nèi)绻麑⑵涓臑橹鲃?dòng)句，這類題就會(huì)變得清楚的多。1.Time should be made

26、good use of _our lessons well. A. learningB. learned C. to learn D. learns分析：將題干改寫為主動(dòng)句則：We should make good use of time _our lesson well。 37“混”惑 英語中有些句式結(jié)構(gòu)形相似而實(shí)不相同，命題者經(jīng)常利用這一點(diǎn)來設(shè)計(jì)“陷阱”。此類題粗看起來非常類似某個(gè)熟悉的句式，極易造成學(xué)生思維錯(cuò)覺。做此類題不能粗心大意，要注重語境，理解句意，強(qiáng)化對(duì)易混句的辨析，有意識(shí)地改變思維定勢(shì)。381. _ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.2. _ is known to the world that Mark Twain is a great American writer. 3._is known to the world is that Mark Twain is a great American writer.4. _