石油鉆井設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)知識培訓(xùn)中英對照

1、精品文檔 歡迎下載 。精品文檔 歡迎下載 。石油鉆井設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)知識培訓(xùn)Drilling equipments basic knowledge training勝利油田 新耐捷目錄Content一，鉆井工藝基本知識Drilling basic knowledge二，鉆機類型及組成Rig type and composition三，動力系統(tǒng)Power syst em四，旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)Rot at i ng syst em五，提升系統(tǒng)Hoi st i ng syst em六，循環(huán)固控系統(tǒng) Ci rcul at i ng Syst em七，井控系統(tǒng)Wel l Cont rol Syst em精品文檔 歡在下載

2、精品文檔 歡在下載鉆井施工基本知識石油鉆井：是指利用專用設(shè)備和技術(shù)，在預(yù)先選定的地 表位置處，向下或一側(cè)鉆出一定直徑的孔眼，一直達(dá)到 地下油氣層的工作。Oil drilling: To drill certain diameter holes down or side to underground reservoir in pre-selected location using specialized equipment and technology.鉆井方法的發(fā)展：(1)人工掘井：1521年之前。(2)人力沖擊鉆：15211835年，是靠人力、撈砂筒、 特殊鉆頭、懸繩、游梁等來完成的。3)機

3、械頓鉆(沖鉆)：18591901年，靠機械沖擊作用 破巖，破巖和清巖相間進行。(4)旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆：1901年發(fā)展起來的，旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井是靠動力 帶動鉆頭旋轉(zhuǎn)，在旋轉(zhuǎn)的過程中對井底巖石進行破碎， 同時循環(huán)鉆井液以清潔井底的鉆井方法。旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井又分 為轉(zhuǎn)盤鉆井、井下動力鉆具鉆井、頂部驅(qū)動旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井。History of drilling:Manual drilling (dug well by hands): before the year of 1521.Manual impact drill: between the year of 1521 to 1835, drill holes by hand, bai

4、ler, special bits, hanging rope and beam, etc.Mechanical percussion drilling (chopping drilling): between the year of 1859 to 1901, an earlier method of drilling used before the introduction of modern rotary methods. The bit used to break rock was not rotated but reciprocated by means of a strong wi

5、re rope. Rock breaking and cuttings clearing are conducted by turn.Rotary drilling: developed in the year of 1901; to break rocks by power driven rotating bit and clean well by circulating drilling fluid.Rotary drilling includes rotary table drilling, downhole power drilling and top-drive rotary dri

6、lling.開鉆前施工Work prior to spudding1、定井位Well locaton2、道路勘察Road survey3、基礎(chǔ)施工Foundation construction4、搬家Move camp5、安裝設(shè)備Equipment installation鉆井施工6、一次開鉆Primary spudding7、二次開鉆Secondary spudding8、鉆進Drill ahead9、起鉆Pull out10、換鉆頭Change bit11、下鉆Run in hole完井施工Well completion12、完井電測Completion log13、下套管固井Run ca

7、sing for well cementation鉆井施工工序Drilling procedures鉆井就是利用鉆機設(shè)備及破巖工具破碎地層形成井 筒的工藝過程，目地是進行地質(zhì)評價、發(fā)現(xiàn)油氣藏、開 發(fā)油氣藏。Drilling is the process of breaking formation by rig and rock-breaking tools to conduct geological evaluation, search for oil and gas reservoirs and develop oil and gas reservoirs.施工工序：鉆進一洗井一接單根一起下

8、鉆一完鉆.Procedures : Drilling ahead f clean hole f make up a joint f round trip f finishing drilling .固井就是向井內(nèi)下入一定尺寸的套管串，并在其周 圍注入水泥漿，把套管固定到井壁上，避免井壁坍塌。Cementation is the process of placement of liquid slurry of cement and water outside the casing run in the hole. It helps to fix casing to borehole wall a

9、gainst collapse.施工工序：下套管至預(yù)定深度一裝水泥頭循環(huán)泥漿接地 面管線一打隔離液一注水泥一頂膠塞一替泥漿一碰壓 一注水泥結(jié)束候凝。Procedures: run casing to scheduled depth f Pick up cementing head. f Circulate mud 、 f Connecting ground pipeline f Pump spacer - Cement f Pump down the plug f Displace cementing fBump plug f Complete cementing - Wait on ceme

10、nt .井口防溢管 wellhead bell-nipple注水泥 施工 cementation二開鉆進 (技術(shù)套管)(intermediate casing)鉆井液出口outlet of drilling fluid井口防噴器 wellheadBOP一開鉆進(表層套管)(surfacecasing)三開鉆進 (油層套管)(oil-stringcasing)導(dǎo)管Conductor ：用于將鉆井液引到固控設(shè) 備上，深度一般為10米以內(nèi)。一般在鉆前準(zhǔn) 備時完成。To conduct drilling fluids to control equipments. The depth normally

11、less than 10 meters. Generally completed prior to spudding.表層套管(surface casing)：其作用是封隔地 表部分的易塌、易漏地層和水層，安裝第 二次開鉆的井口裝置，控制井噴。其下入 深度，根據(jù)地表部分松軟的易塌、易漏地 層和水層的深度而定。一般在100米左右。To isolate easy collapse and leaky formation and water layer of surface, and be used for installing wellhead equipment for secondary sp

12、udding to prevent blowout. Its running depth depends on depth of strata likely to leak or collapse and water layer of surface. Its running depth is normally about 100 m.技術(shù)套管(intermediate casing)：用于封隔用泥漿 難以控制的復(fù)雜地層；無法堵塞的嚴(yán)重漏失層； 非目的層的油氣層；壓力相差懸殊油、氣、水 耳箋一To isolate formation hard to be isolated by cementa

13、tion, leakage formation unable to be blocked and nontarget hydrocarbon reservoir as well as oil layer, gas layer and water layer with great pressure differential.油層套管(oil-string casing)：用于以把不同壓力和 不同性質(zhì)的油、氣、水層分割開來，建立一條油、 氣流至地面的通道，保證能長期生產(chǎn)，滿足合理 開采油、氣和增產(chǎn)措施的要求。油層套管的下深 根據(jù)目的層的深度和不同的完井方法而定To separate oil lay

14、er, gas layer and water layer with different pressure and properties, establish a pass way for oil and gas, guarantee long term production and meet the requirement of reasonably exploit reservoir and measures to increase production. The running depth depends on the depth of target formation and the

15、different ways for well completion.三，鉆機類型及組成Rig types and components組成：石油鉆機主要由動力機、傳動機、工作機及輔助設(shè)備組成。一般有八大系統(tǒng) （起升系統(tǒng)、旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)、鉆井液循環(huán)系統(tǒng)、 傳動系統(tǒng)、控制系統(tǒng)、動力驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)、鉆 機底座、鉆機輔助設(shè)備系統(tǒng)），具備起下 鉆能力、旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆進能力、循環(huán)洗井能力。The engine, transmission system, operating machine and all associated equipment required to drill a well, including eig

16、ht systems: the elevator system, the rotating system, the drilling fluid circulating system, the transmission system, the control system, the driven system, the rig base and auxiliaries with capacity of tripping, rotary drilling and cleaning holes by circulating mud.類型：根據(jù)鉆井深度分為淺井鉆機、中 深井鉆機、深井鉆機，根據(jù)驅(qū)動方

17、式分為 機械驅(qū)動鉆機、電驅(qū)動鉆機，根據(jù)搬遷方 式分為撬裝鉆機和車裝鉆機。Divided into three types: shallow well rig, medium depth well rig, deep well rig according to different drilling depth ; divided into two types: mechanical driven rig and electric driven rig according to different driven way.; divided into two types: skid-mounted

18、rig and truck mounted rig according to different moving way.機械驅(qū)動鉆機類型及特點Mechanical driven rig types and features類型：機械驅(qū)動鉆機是指以柴油機為動力，通過液力變矩器、鏈條、齒輪、三角膠帶等不 同組合的傳動形式所驅(qū)動的鉆機，主要包括齒輪傳動、膠帶傳動和鏈條傳動三種形式，具 有制造方便成本低的特點。Type: Mechanical driven rig is a diesel powered rig driven by various combinations of hydraulic t

19、orque converter, chains, gears, triangle tapes. It has three transmission ways:gear transmission,tape transmission and chain transmission .It has features such asconvenient manufacturing and low cost.現(xiàn)狀：目前機械驅(qū)動石油鉆機主要為鏈條鉆機，采用鏈條作為主傳動副，24臺柴油機?a變矩器驅(qū)動機組，用多排小節(jié)距套筒滾子鏈條并車，統(tǒng)一驅(qū)動各工作機組，一般仍用 膠帶傳動鉆井泵。Current situat

20、ion: Mechanical driven rigs nowadays are mainly chain transmission rigs using chain transmission pair driven by two to four paralleled diesel engines with torque converter and several rows of small pitch sleeve roller chains together. Tape transmission also used to drive drilling pump.精品文檔10欠0迎下載精品文

21、檔10欠0迎下載大慶130鉆機傳動示意圖Drive diagram of DAQING 130 rig1維動機i2阻動機貓頭軸1# interlocking2# interlockingcat shaftmachinemachine亞QW1:/0|2悔占井泵2#drill pump輔助剎車auxiliary brake空壓機aircompressor離合器clutch區(qū)一 僚占井泵1#dr川 pump精品文檔精品文檔 攵迎下載電驅(qū)動鉆機類型及特點Types and features of electric driven rigs類型：電驅(qū)動鉆機包括直流電機驅(qū)動和交流變頻電機驅(qū)動兩種形式。電驅(qū)動

22、鉆機具有傳動柔和、調(diào)速性能好、操作方便靈活、模塊體積小、安裝移運方便、可靠性高、噪音小、 污染小、節(jié)能等特點。Type: Electric driven rig includes two types: DC motor driven rig and AC variable frequency motor driven rig. Electric driven rig has features such as soft transmission, good speed performance, flexible operation, small module, convenient instal

23、lation and movement, high reliability, low noise, little pollution and energy-saving.交流變頻電機驅(qū)動：交流變頻鉆機則是采用AC-VFD-AC方式，通過 VFD電傳動控制系統(tǒng)將柴油發(fā)電機組所發(fā)出的電力變?yōu)樽冾l可調(diào)的電流，采用交流變頻器驅(qū)動無碳刷交流變頻電機。AC variable frequency motor driven rig: Adopt AC-VFD-AC system which transforms AC power generated by paralleled diesel generator

24、 into adjustable AC and drives brushless AC variable frequency motor through AC inverter.旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井鉆機動力系統(tǒng)Power system旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)Rotating system提升系統(tǒng)Hoisting system循環(huán)系統(tǒng)Circulating System井控系統(tǒng)Well Control system旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆井系統(tǒng)Rotating system精品文檔1&迎下載精品文檔1&迎下載精品文檔14歡迎下載。四，動力系統(tǒng)(Power system)柴油機 (Diesel engine)發(fā)電機(Generator)傳動機

25、構(gòu) (Drive compound)機械傳動 (Mechanical power transmission)柴油機- 電傳動(Diesel electric power transmission)五，旋轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)(Rotating system)轉(zhuǎn)盤 (Rotary Table)The main component of the rotating machine which turns the drillstring. It has a bevelled gear mechanism to create the rotation and an opening into which bushings

26、 are fitted.轉(zhuǎn)盤方補心( Master Bushing)A sleeve which fits into and protects the rotary table and accommodates the slips and drives the kelly bushing.方補心 (Kelly Bushing)A device which fits into the rotary table and through which the Kelly passes. The rotation of the table is transmitted via the kelly bus

27、hing to the kelly itself. Sometimes called the drive bushing.方鉆桿 (Kelly)The heavy square or hexagonal steel pipe which runs through the rotary table and is used to rotate the drillstring.鉆柱 (Drill string)The string of drill pipe with tool joints which transmits rotation and circulation to the drill

28、bit. Sometimes used to include both drill collars and drill pipe.鉆頭 (Bit)The cutting element at the bottom of the drillstring, used for boring through the rock.轉(zhuǎn)盤結(jié)構(gòu)圖Rotary table structure chart轉(zhuǎn)盤是用來承托管柱重量，提供扭矩和轉(zhuǎn)速。轉(zhuǎn)盤實質(zhì)上相當(dāng)于一個特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的角傳動減速器，主要由箱體、轉(zhuǎn)臺、主軸承、副軸承、齒圈、輸入軸總成、鎖緊裝置、方瓦、箱蓋等部分組成。Rotary table is the mai

29、n component of the rotating machine which turns the drillstring. It has a bevelled gear mechanism to create the rotation and an opening into which bushings are fitted. It is used to support column weight, provide torque and speed and it essentially an angle speed reducer of special structure .it inc

30、ludes shell, main bearings, vice bearings, ring gear, input shaft assembly, locking device, master bushing and cover, etc.大方瓦master bushinghorizontalshaftr主軸承個？main bearing|._ 國 I 型主方補心kelly bushing鎖銷lockpin平f yR 小傘齒輪I1L-JLl rsmall bevel geartrippingprevent bearing+/1V-益d a 5.金大傘齒輪big bevel gear精品文檔

31、1欲擬下載精品文檔1欲擬下載鉆柱及組成 Drill string and its compositionThe string of drill pipe with tool joints which transmits rotation and circulation to the drill bit. Sometimes used to include both drill collars and drill pipe.鉆鋌 Drill Collar接頭(Tool joint)精品文檔 攵迎下載精品文檔 #攵迎下載鉆頭(Rock Bit)The cutting element at the

32、bottom of thedrillstring, used for boring through the rock.Fiff. 42. Ti.nrjton carbilcle insert bit. (Courlenv SEkfflWELDECPRESSURE EQUALIZING DtAPHflACMLUBRICANTSHIRTTAILBEARINGCOVER CAPXBALL BEARINGSPRESSURE EOUALiZER JENTOUTER/ BEARING 一 ROLLERBALL PLUGWELDy 二一一 SPINDLEThRUST NBEAR IMGX LUBRK：ATI

33、ON APASSAGEWAY A -CONEINNER BEARING HUSHINGig. 4.5一 5aled hearing nllled tooth bkt nomenclature1 (Courtesy of 5m th Tool Compan/精品文檔 欠0迎下載精品文檔 欠0迎下載六，起升系統(tǒng)(Hoisting system)井架(Derrick)A large load-bearing structure from which the hoisting system and therefore the drillstring is suspended.絞車(Draw works

34、)The large winch on the rig which is used to raise or lower the drill string into the well.多岡絲名迪 (Wire rope, fast line, dead line)Fastline: the end of the drilling line which is attached to the drum of the draw works.Deadline that part of the drilling line between the crown block and the deadline an

35、chor. This line remains stationary as the travelling block is hoisted.天車(Crown block )An assembly of sheaves or pulleys mounted on beams at the top of the derrick over which the drilling line is reeved.游動滑車(Traveling Block)An arrangement of pulleys through which the drilling line is reeved, thereby

36、allowing the drillstring to be raised or lowered.大鉤 (Hook)The large component attached to the traveling block from which the drill stem is suspended via the swivel.of block and tade.絞車結(jié)構(gòu)及原理Winch( draw works) structure and working mechanism絞車是鉆機的起升設(shè)備，主要用于起下鉆具、下套管，控制鉆壓、送進鉆具 及起放井架等功能。一般包括滾筒軸、貓頭軸、傳動制動機構(gòu)

37、、潤滑機構(gòu)及殼 體等組成，按軸婁分為單軸、雙軸、三軸及多軸絞車，按滾筒數(shù)分為單滾筒和 多滾筒絞車。Winch is the hoisting equipment on the rig, which is mainly used for round trip, running casing, WOB control, sending tools and lifting and laying down derrick, etc. It generally includes roller shaft, cathead shaft, transmission and brake system, lub

38、rication system and housing etc. It is divided into uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial, and multiaxial winch according to number of axle and divided into single drum winch and multi-drum winch according to number of drums.精品文檔精品文檔鉆機絞車工作示意圖Winch working diagram鏈輪sprocketwheel輸入軸input shaft牙嵌式離合器jaw clutch滾筒

39、rotary drum鏈條chain軸承bearings貓頭軸cathead shaft氣囊式離合 器air bag clutch離合器clutch輔助剎車auxiliarybrakeFig, 3.3. Schematic of the brake system.精品文檔2攸。迎下載精品文檔2攸。迎下載i-m動儺. w-噂博檢：*一尼東，事一號飛百；5 一枝動釉I -141 XT*： +L +14 -hc. 5.9- 1.23 -Schematic ot example rig circulating system Tor liquid drilling fluids.精品文檔2欲擬下載精品文

40、檔2欲擬下載APPLIED DRILLING ENGINEERINGpSuction PitANNULUSFig. 4.2The well fluid system.MudPumDRILL PIPEPERMEABLEZONESkCASING aCEMENTOPEN HOLEDRILL COLLARS精品文檔 歡迎下載。精品文檔 #歡迎下載。精品文檔 迎下載鉆井液固控系統(tǒng)及機具Solid control system概念:鉆井液固相控制就是要清除鉆井液中的有害固相，保存有用固相，以滿 足鉆井工藝對鉆井液性能的要求。鉆井液固相控制系統(tǒng)就是所有用于鉆井液 固相控制設(shè)備的總稱。Concept: Dri

41、lling fluid solid control is to remove harmful solid phase, save useful solid phase to meet the requirementsof drilling fluid properties.Drilling fluid solid control system is the general term used for drilling fluid solids control equipments.作用:防止油氣通道堵塞、破壞，降低鉆井扭矩和摩阻，降低環(huán)空抽吸的壓力波動，提高鉆井速度，延長鉆頭壽命，減輕設(shè)備的磨

42、損等。Role: To prevent oil and gas channel blockage, damage, lower drilling torque and friction, lower annulus suction pressure fluctuations, improve drilling speed and extend bit life, reduce wear and tear of equipment.方法:常用的有稀釋法、替代法、機械方法、化學(xué)方法等四種。機械方法是通過機械設(shè)備利用篩分、離心分離、重力分離等原理，將鉆井液中的固相成分按顆粒、密度大小不同而分離開，以

43、達(dá)到控制固相的目的。Methods: The commonly used four methods are dilution method, substitution method, mechanical method and chemical method. Mechanical method is the use of screen, centrifugal separation or gravity separation by mechanical equipments to separate solid phase composition of drilling fluid by pa

44、rticles of different sizes and different density to achieve solid control purpose.鉆井液固控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展過程：在 20 世紀(jì) 50 年代以前， 并不使用機械裝置來凈化鉆井液， 到了 20 世紀(jì) 50 年代以后， 開始采用鉆井液振動篩、離心機來清除鉆井液中的巖屑。 60 年代以后，國外油田開始采用 4 英寸除泥旋流分離器， 六十年代中期， 細(xì)目鉆井液振動篩得到使用。 70 年代以后， 超 細(xì)目振動篩得到使用。 80 年代以后， 鉆井液固相控制 從采用兩級處理發(fā)展成為三級、四級、五級處理。Drilling fluid s

45、olids control system history: The mechanical method has not been used to purify drilling fluid until 1950s. After that shale shaker and centrifuge were used to remove debris in drilling fluid. Since 1960s, four inches mud cyclone separator start to be used in foreign oil fields. Since mid-1960s, fin

46、e shale shaker start to be used. After 1970s, ultra-fine shale shaker start to be used. After 1980s, drilling fluid solids control process developed from two-stage processing into three, four, five -stage processing.鉆井中鉆井液的循環(huán)程序： 鉆井液罐經(jīng)泵-地面管匯-立管-水龍帶、水龍頭鉆柱內(nèi)鉆頭鉆柱外環(huán)形空間井口、泥漿(鉆井液)槽-鉆井液凈化設(shè)備-鉆井液罐D(zhuǎn)rilling flui

47、d circulation procedures : Mud pit - Pump f Ground manifold f Standpipe - Swivel f Drill pipe f Bit f Annular space outside column f wellhead, mud (drilling fluid) duct f drilling fluid purification equipment -mud pit精品文檔 欠0迎下載精品文檔 欠0迎下載某型鉆井液循環(huán)流程示意圖Certain type drilling fluid circulation flowchart井口

48、出來的鉆井液通過管線流入分配器，分別或同時輸送到2個振動篩，經(jīng)處理后進入到沉砂倉，經(jīng)渡管進入到除砂倉。除砂泵吸入除砂倉的鉆井液，鉆井液經(jīng)過渡槽進入到 除泥倉。除泥泵吸入除泥倉的鉆井液，鉆井液經(jīng)過渡槽進入到離心倉。離心機的立式供液泵吸入離心倉的鉆井液，鉆井液經(jīng)過渡槽進入到儲液罐。鉆井泵吸入儲液罐的鉆井液，通過管線輸送至井口。這樣就完成了鉆井液的循環(huán)流程。Drilling fluid from wellhead flows into distributor through pipeline, being transmitted to two shale shaker separately or s

49、imultaneously, then flow into earthen pit after treatment, after that flow into desander through duct.Sand pump inhales drilling fluid from desander, pumps it into desilter through aqueduct. mud pump sucks in drilling fluid from desilter ,pumps it into the centrifugal pit through aqueduct. Centrifug

50、e vertical supply pump sucks in drilling fluid from centrifugal pit, pumps it into reservoir through aqueduct. Drilling pump suck in drilling fluid from tank, pumps it to wellhead through pipeline. Thus completes the process of drilling fluid circulation.某型鉆井液加重流程示意圖Certain type drilling fluid weigh

51、t circulation flowchart鉆井液加重流程是鉆井液固控系統(tǒng)流程中的輔助流程，通過向鉆井液中加入重晶石等成份，增加鉆井液的密度，保持井壁穩(wěn)定，以滿足鉆井要求。4#罐的加重泵可以通過加重吸入管線直接吸入藥品混合倉、加重混合倉、儲備倉中的鉆井液，經(jīng)過加重 漏斗加重處理后，通過加重排出管線輸送到3#瞿、4#罐各倉中。這樣就完成了鉆井液 加重流程。Drilling fluid weighting process is the supporting process of drilling fluid solids control system .By adding barite and

52、other ingredients to drilling fluid, increase density of drilling fluid, maintain wellbore stability and meet drilling requirements.Weight pump of 4 # tank inhales drilling fluid from chemicalmix tank,weight mix tank and reserve tank through inhalation pipes. Pump it to # 3 tank,4 # tank through wei

53、ght dischargepipeline after weightedthrough hoppers. Thus completes drilling fluid weight process.精品文檔 迎下載精品文檔 #迎下載精品文檔3彼迎下載某型鉆井液加藥流程示意圖Certain type drilling fluid chemical feed flowchart鉆井液加藥流程是通過向鉆井液中加入化學(xué)處理劑，利用化學(xué)沉降的原理，去除有害固相成份改善鉆井液性能的作用，提高井壁的穩(wěn)定性，提高了機械鉆速。4轆瞿藥品混合倉上部安裝有加藥罐，藥品從加藥罐經(jīng)管線進入到藥品混合倉，通過攪 拌器攪拌混

54、合后，由鉆井泵通過吸入管線輸送到井口。 也可以由加重泵通過加重吸入 管線吸入后，通過泥漿槍管線輸送到 1#罐補給倉、2#罐、3#罐各倉中。這樣就完成 了鉆井液加藥流程。The chemical feed process: by adding chemicals to drilling fluid, making use of chemical deposition principle to remove harmful solids composition, improve drilling fluid properties, improve stability of borehole wal

55、l, and increase ROP.There is a gallipot on top of 4 # chemical mix tank. Cchemicalsis pumpedinto mix tank through pipelines. Drilling fluid is sucked in by drilling pump and be pumpedto wellhead through pipeline after mixed byagitator .It can also be sucked in by weight pump through pipelines, be pu

56、mped to 1# supply tank, 2# tank and 3# tank through mud gun pipelines.Thus completes chemical feed process.某型鉆井液補給流程示意圖Certain type drilling fluid supply flowchart鉆井液補給流程是在起開鉆具過程中，通過向井筒內(nèi)補充鉆井液，以保證井壁 的穩(wěn)定。1轆瞿左端設(shè)有補給倉，補給泵從補給倉中吸入鉆井液，經(jīng)排出管線輸送至 井口，井口返回的鉆井液經(jīng)分配器分支閥門調(diào)控進入到補給倉中。補給倉中的鉆井 液也可通過加重泵吸入儲備倉中的鉆井液，經(jīng)過泥漿槍管線輸

57、送至補給倉。這樣就 完成了鉆井液補給。Drilling fluid supply is to improve the stability of borehole wall by adding drilling fluid into well hole while P.O.H.There is a supply tank at the left of 1 # tank. Supply pump inhales drilling fluid from supply tank, pumps it to wellhead through discharge pipelines.Drillingflui

58、d return from well head flows into supply tankthrough distributor valves. Drilling fluids can also be supplied by weight pump. Weight pump sucks in drilling fluid from reserve tank, pumps it to supply tank through mud gun pipelines. Thuscompletes the drilling fluidsupply process.精品文檔34攵迎下載精品文檔34攵迎下載

59、精品文檔 欠0迎下載鉆井泵結(jié)構(gòu)及原理Drill pump structure and working mechanism鉆井泵多為臥式三缸單作用往復(fù)式活塞泵，由動力端總成、液力端總成和各部位的潤滑系統(tǒng)及 冷卻系統(tǒng)組成。由動力機帶動泵的曲軸回轉(zhuǎn)，曲軸通過十字頭再帶動活塞或柱塞在泵缸中做往 復(fù)運動。在吸入和排出閥的交替作用下，實現(xiàn)壓送與循環(huán)沖洗液的目的。Drill pump mostly are of horizontal triplex reciprocating piston type which includes power end assembly, hydraulic end assem

60、bly and lubricating system and cooling system. Engine drives crankshaft to rotate, crankshaft drives piston or plunger to do reciprocating motion through crosshead in pump cylinder. Suction valves and discharge valves act alternately to circulate flushing fluid.CO51EBM o- ZOOz=- 5匚。工 y no.鉆井泵（Pump）(