大學(xué)英語四級考試

1、大學(xué)英語四級考試應(yīng)答技巧和策略應(yīng)用英語系劉然一、如何備考1 準(zhǔn)備的材料：） 大學(xué)英語四級詞匯一冊） 大學(xué)英語四級模擬題或?qū)嵖碱} 1-2冊（復(fù)旦大學(xué)出版社、上海交大出版社、上海外語教育出版社、北大出版社、高教出版社、中國科技大學(xué)出版社等出版的題集）2 應(yīng)做的準(zhǔn)備：1 ）每周至少做一套模擬題。2）每周寫一篇作文。3）每天至少聽一小時的英語。4）考試前背10篇左右的范文。:、考試大綱（2007）測試內(nèi)容測試題型比例聽力 理解聽力 對話短對話多項選擇15%35%長對話多項選擇聽力短文多項選擇20%復(fù)合式聽寫閱讀 理解仔細(xì)閱讀多項選擇25%35%選詞填空或 簡答題快速閱讀是非判斷 +句子填空 或其它10

2、%完型 填空完型填空多項選擇10%10%寫作 和翻 譯寫作短文寫作15%20%翻譯漢譯英5%三、考試技巧Part n Reading Comprehension (10%)(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)快速閱讀的主要目的是在較短的時間內(nèi)快速獲取大量信息。 Skimming （ 略讀） ：理解文章的主題和大意，不必進行復(fù)雜的推理和判斷。Scanning（ 尋讀） （帶著問題尋找答案的閱讀） ：以題目中的信號詞或核心詞為線索，快速找到文章中的相關(guān)段落來判斷題目的答案?？焖匍喿x的宗旨是：不必逐字逐句地讀，不用完全理解每個單詞的意思，不必閱讀完整篇文章，不須將

3、全文讀完之后再回答問題。快速閱讀的出題順序基本上是以文章相關(guān)段落的自然順序相同，因而，在做題時也應(yīng)按照先后順序來查找答案?？焖匍喿x的三種題型（每次只出兩種題型） ：1 正、誤判斷題型答題技巧1）瀏覽大、小標(biāo)題和各段的第 1、 2句，了解全文的中心思想和大意；2）仔細(xì)閱讀各項題目，找出題目中的關(guān)鍵詞或話題；3）根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞或話題到文章中查找相關(guān)的段落，判斷題目的意思正確與否；4）將題目和答案與文章相關(guān)段落信息進行核查。Example:Renewable energy is generated from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain,

4、tides and geothermal heat which are renewable. When comparing the processes for producing energy, there remain several fundamental differences between renewable energy and fossil fuels. The process of producing oil, coal, or natural gas fuel is a difficult and demanding process that requires a great

5、 deal of complex equipment, physical and chemical processes. On the other hand, alternative energy can be widely produced with basic equipment and naturally basic processes. The process for renewable energy to produce energy is the same as that of fossil fuels. Oil, coal, or natural gas fuel can not

6、 be widely produced with basic equipment and naturally basic processes. Geothermal energy is an energy that uses hot water or steam from the Earthtos interiorgenerate electricity.Key: 1. F 2. Y 3. NG2句子補充題型答題技巧在做句子補充題時，要注意所填詞的部分須與題目的前半部在結(jié)構(gòu)、時態(tài)、語態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)等方面保持一致。1）瀏覽大、小標(biāo)題和各段的第 1 、 2句，了解全文的中心思想和大意；2）仔細(xì)閱讀問題

7、中的每個句子，找出句子中的關(guān)鍵詞或短語；3）根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞或短語在文章中查找相關(guān)內(nèi)容，補充句子缺失的信息；4）將完整的句子與文章相關(guān)段落信息進行核查。Example:Power quality is the set of limits of electrical properties that allows electrical systems to function in their intended manner without significant loss of performance or life. The term is used to describe electric powe

8、r that drives an electrical load and the loads ability to function properly with that electric power. Without the proper power, an electrical device (or load) may malfunction, fail prematurely or not operate at all. There are many ways in which electric power can be of poor quality and many more cau

9、ses of such poor quality power.Power quality is used to describe electric power that drives an electrical load and the loads ability to function properly .Electric power is of poor quality in many ways and there are many more causes .Key: 1) with that electric powerof such poor quality power3. 多項選擇題

10、型（此處省略，下面細(xì)講）Part III Listening Comprehension （35%）聽力理解的四種題型： TOC o 1-5 h z ）短對話多項選擇題（8 個對話，8道題）：）長對話多項選擇題（2 個對話，7道題）：3）短文多項選擇題（3 個短文， 10 道題） ：4 ） 復(fù)合式聽寫題（ 1 個段落， 8 個單詞，3 個句子）2 復(fù)合式聽寫評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1 ）復(fù)合式聽寫要求考生在聽懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上，用聽到的原文填寫空缺的單詞，以及用聽到的原文或用自己的語 言正確地回答問題。2）給分和扣分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：A.單詞填空每題為0.5分。拼寫完全正 確的單詞給0.5分，凡有錯不給分。B.每個填寫

11、的句子給2分。凡有語言錯 誤扣0.5分，每題語言錯誤扣分不超 過0.5分；與問題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容扣 0.5 分；用漢語回答問題不給分；標(biāo)點符 號、大、小寫不計分。Example:The answer:High school physical education was difficult because all of the equipment was too big for the then 5-year-old student.High school physical education was very difficult, because the equipment was too big

12、for a five-year-old student to use. (2)High school PE is difficult, because the equipment was too big for a five-year-old student. (1.5)High school physics was very difficult, because the equipment was too big for the then five-year-old student. (1.5)High school physical education was very difficult

13、, since the equipment was too big a five year old boy. (1.5)High school was difficult . All of the equipment was very big for a five year old student. (1)The high school study is difficult forfive years old student. The equipment was so big for him. (0.5)High school s courses are very difficult to 5

14、 years old child becauseit is very hard to understand. So he must study hard. (0)3 做題技巧：1 ）充分利用時間進行考前的掃視與預(yù)測；2）精力集中，精神放松，保持良好的心理狀態(tài)；3）思維與錄音帶同步；4）注意英、美英語發(fā)音的區(qū)別e.g. can teither/neitherhot/box/boss kilometeradvertisement Part IV Reading Comprehension (25%) (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)仔細(xì)閱讀的主要目的是對文章內(nèi)容進行深

15、層次的理解、判斷、分析和推論。要求進行仔細(xì)閱讀的文章在詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu)上有一定的深度和難度，其問題形式多種多樣，尤其在一些問題的選項中，有時需要運用推理的方式來完成。閱讀時如果遇到人名和地名等專有名詞，可以一掃而過或用其首字母代替法，不必把整個詞讀出來。在閱讀較長的復(fù)合句時，要運用 關(guān)聯(lián)詞、引導(dǎo)詞 的邏輯關(guān)系迅速分清 主句和從句 之間的關(guān)系，從而明確句意。要特別注意把握文章中表明句與句之間、段與段之間關(guān)系的過渡語或過渡句。兩種題型選詞填空題型答題技巧1）快速閱讀每段的第 1、 2 句，初步了解文章的中心思想和各段落的大音意。2）仔細(xì)閱讀所給出的每個單詞，理解詞義，確定詞性。3）閱讀原文，填補空格

16、。不僅要注意判斷所填詞的詞性、詞義以及在句子中的成份，還要注意句型結(jié)構(gòu)和固定搭配。4）閱讀帶有填詞的句子，核查答案正確與否。Example:What abilities make a good Power System Dispatcher?Problem Sensitivity - The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only there is a problem.Oral Comprehension - T

17、he ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through (23words andsentences.Oral Expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will (3).obtainingD) spokenunderstandE) sourcestelephoneF)recognizingKey:(1) recognizing (2) spoken (3) unders

18、tand多項選擇題型答題技巧快速閱讀每段的第 1、 2 句， 初步 了解文章的中心思想和各段落的大意。仔細(xì)閱讀問題的題干和選項，理解每項的含義。帶著問題仔細(xì)閱讀文章，查找與問題相關(guān)的信息，選擇答案。在進行此步驟時，注意力應(yīng)放在對整句的理解上，不要為某個生詞而耽誤時間。要通過上、下文來理解詞意，對與問題無直接關(guān)系的生詞可以忽略。4)把所選的答案放到文章的原句中進行核查。Part V Cloze ( 10% ) (15minutes)做題技巧：A 仔細(xì)閱讀全文，包括選擇項內(nèi)容。B 第二遍閱讀，并選擇填空。C.第三遍檢查時要朗讀，靠語感來判斷 正誤。容易出現(xiàn)的問題：1 )若前 3 項選錯，容易引起對

19、全文的誤 解。2)做題時間不夠用。Part VI Translation (5%) (5 minutes)題型： 5 個帶有漢語提示的句子，要求將漢語部分譯成英語。.答題技巧：1）首先閱讀和理解句子的英語部分, 分析英語部分的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。2）確定漢語部分在全句中的句子成 分，選擇句子結(jié)構(gòu)。3）翻譯時注意其時態(tài)和語態(tài)與英語 部分保持一致。Example:Jane is tired of dealing with customer 主句（一般現(xiàn)在時，主動態(tài)）complaints and wishesthat she （能被分配做另一項工作）. 從句（一般現(xiàn)在時，被動態(tài)）Key: can be as

20、signed to do another jobVII. Composition （15%） （30 minutes）.要求：根據(jù)所給的漢語提示，在30分鐘內(nèi)寫出120個單詞的英語文章。.評分原則：采用總體評分方法，閱卷 人員就總的印象給出獎勵分，而不是 按語言的錯誤數(shù)目扣分。從內(nèi)容和語 言兩個方面對作文進行綜合評判。.評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：（分為5個分?jǐn)?shù)段）2分-條理不清，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯誤。5分-基本切題，表達(dá)思想不清楚, 連貫性差，有較多的嚴(yán)重語言錯誤。8分-基本切題，有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚， 文字勉強連貫， 語言錯誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯誤。11分-切題，表達(dá)

21、思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語言錯誤14分-切題，表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順，連貫性較好，基本上無語言錯誤，僅有個別小錯。4 應(yīng)注意的問題：A 卷面工整、字跡清楚。B 寧可字?jǐn)?shù)多，不可字?jǐn)?shù)少。C.不求高、難句型和詞匯，只求句子通順、意思完整。作文在總成績中的重要性：（ 2007 年前的老題型給分方法）A 作文得 0 分， 四級成績不及格。 （作 文的否決權(quán)）B 四級成績得分的計算公式： （適 用于作文得5 分以下的學(xué)生）四級成績=客觀題得分-6 +作文分（59 = 60 6 + 5 ）如何寫好作文A 寫作格式：一般要寫成三部分： 1)開頭段：寫出論點，3-4句話即可。2)論述段：舉例加以說明，可寫

22、1 -2段。3)結(jié)論段：寫出本文的結(jié)論，要與開頭段首尾相應(yīng)。不可過長，3 -4句即可。B 思路開闊，用詞靈活Example:“街上有很多汽車”的幾種說法：The streets have many cars. (2)There are much cars in the streets. (5)There are many car in the streets. (8)There are more and more cars running in the streets. (11)Wherever you go in China, you will find more and more cars

23、 running along the streets. (14)C. 寫作時要使用過渡詞和短語：1）表示連接、轉(zhuǎn)折、特殊說明、強調(diào)，indeed, certainly, however, thus, therefore, but, especially, moreover, similarly, naturally, surely, in this case, above all, for example, in the same way, in contract, on the other hand, of course, as a result, in a word, in conclus

24、ion, to sum up, all in all, in fact2）表示順序first, second, the last, finally, in the first place, in the second place, the former, the latterD 如果想得高分，句子結(jié)構(gòu)要復(fù)雜一些，定語可用分詞短語或定語從句；多用狀語從句、固定短語，等結(jié)構(gòu)。Example:a.His English is good.He is good at English.I saw Jane yesterday. She was listening to radio. I saw Jane

25、yesterday, who was listening to radio.We went to the factory for practice and we learnt a lot from the workers there.We went to the factory for practice where we learnt a lot from theworkers.He gave me a book. The cover of the book was blue. He gave me a book, whose cover was blue.He gave me a book,

26、 the cover of which was blue.Do you know the student? He is speaking at the meeting.Do you know the student speaking at the meeting?用不同的詞表示相同的意思：Example:I think this film is very interesting.But his idea is that . My mother regards it as Tom holds that In Mikes opinion , the film is 背誦一些有用而又簡單的諺語，根據(jù)

27、文章的內(nèi)容，在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢眉舆M一、二句諺語。常用的諺語有：Well begun is half done.No pains, no gains.Live and learn.Practice makes perfect.Actions speak louder than words.Strike while the iron is hot.Many hands make light work.Pride goes before a fall.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Where there is a will there is a way.Easie

28、r said than done.Haste makes waste.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.Reading makes a full man.7 曾經(jīng)考過的題目：既有議論文，又有說明文，還有實用寫作文體：A Online Shopping（ 2011.6）現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上購物已成為一種時尚；網(wǎng)上購物有很多好處，但也有不少問題；我的建議：B Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?很多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語口試，理由是.也有人持不同意見，.我的看法和打算C. How to Succeed in Job Inte

29、rview 面試在求職過程中的作用 取得面試成功的因素：儀表、舉止、談吐、能力、專業(yè)知識、自信、實事求是一D ) A Letter to a SchoolmateSuppose you are Zhang Ming. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, A schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday.表示歡迎提出對度假安排的建議提醒應(yīng)注意的事項E. 給校長寫一封信， 反映學(xué)校的食堂情 況。8 Comments on the compositions How to Su

30、cceed in Job InterviewNowadays, there are many books telling people how to behave in a job interview. People looking for a job usually attach great importance to job interviews. And doing well in a job interview means a good chanceof being employed.To leave a deep impression on the interviewer, the

31、first thing you have to do is dressing yourself properly so that you may look mature and confident. Pay attention to the way you talk and behave, for such little things are often ignored. What is more, you should prepare a brief self-introduction including your working experiences and special abilit

32、ies.If you follow the advice, you will most probably succeedin a job interview and in most cases, you will get the job you are dreaming of. (14)It is true that interview is very important when you apply for a job. Job interview is the first step. Though you have good marks at school, but you will no

33、t be accepted if you fail in the job interview. So it is not strange that many applicants feel very nervous before interview.There are many factors to lead to successful job interviews. Your tidy clothing, good speaking manners, professional knowledge and so on. But first of all, you should be confi

34、dent of your ability, you are suitable for the job. Remember that you should tell the truth, don t cheat anybody, introduce yourself honestly.When you have paid attention to all the things, you will surely succeedin the job interview. (11)Nowadays, if you want to find a job in the company. Then you

35、must pass the job interview which is very important to the company. The officers of the company can know about you in the jobinterview. On another hand, you also can know about the place you will work.Well, how to succeed in a job interview? Firstly, you should look clearly and comfortably. Because

36、the first image is too important. Secondly, your action and behavior must be correct. For example, before going into the room, you should knock at the door first. And so so During the conversation, you should be polite when asking or answering the questions. Thirdly, the most important and the most

37、necessary,your ability is well or bad. It will decide whether you go or stay. Finally, we should be confident and honest. They are basic.If you do as above, you will succeed! (8)When you are looking for a job, you will find the importance of the job interview. By this way, the corporation orthe boss can see yourvantage, and decide whether take you or not.How to succeedin a job interview? The following show may be provide you some help. It includes various parts, such as loved appearance, excellent knowledge and self