2023年高考英語復習講練測第16講 完形填空記敘文（20空）（講）（全國通用學案）

1、2023年高考英語復習講練測第16講完形填空記敘文(20空)(講)【考綱考情】記敘文是高考完形填空中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的一類文體。該體裁以記人、敘事為主；多以人物思想和行為 為中心；以時間或空間的變化為線索，按事件的發(fā)生、開展和結束來展開表達；時態(tài)上多以一般過去時為 主，其他時態(tài)為輔；在詞性上仍會以實詞為主，其中動詞會占半壁江山，虛詞幾乎不會考查，并且完形填 空題注重對文章語境的理解；適當會有間接引語。選材上會源于真實生活，平淡表達中流露人間真情，體 現(xiàn)理性思維，人文情懷、參與社會的人文素養(yǎng)。難易上，句內(nèi)層次題(答案由設空所在句子決定，多憑語 感可知答案)和句組層次題(答案由設空臨近句子決定，需前后

2、尋找信息或暗示)較容易且所占比重較大, 語篇層次題(答案由整篇文章的內(nèi)涵決定，需統(tǒng)攬全局)考查較少但難度較大?！究键c梳理】針對高考表達性的完形填空題，解答技巧如下：.抓住文章中心。中心思想是文章的靈魂和統(tǒng)帥，其他的寫作要素都緊緊圍繞這一中心進行。抓住中心有助于明確做題 方向，提高針對性。.明確表達角度。通常記敘文有兩大表達角度：第一人稱和第三人稱。第一人稱就是從“自我參與”的角度進行表達，從 字里行間讀出作者對人物、事件或景色的情感態(tài)度。第三人稱就是從“旁觀者”的角度客觀地記人、敘事、 狀物。在做題時可采用“角色滲透法”，即假設自己就是文中的角色會有什么感受、做出怎樣的選擇等，這 樣有助于走進

3、作者的思維，深入理解文章的含義。.理清寫作順序。根據(jù)寫作的需要作者往往采用順敘、倒敘或插敘等方法進行表達。理清這些線索有助于了解事情開展 的來龍去脈，從而更迅速、準確地理解文意。.明確寫作要素。包括事情發(fā)生的時間(when)、地點(where)、事件的內(nèi)容(what)、人物(who)、原因(why)等。弄清了這些 要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主體，理解了整篇文章。.洞悉寫作目的。就事論事絕不是記敘文的最終目的，而最終目的是借助敘事來說明一個道理，給人以啟迪或教益。因 此，只有在分析具體情節(jié)的基礎上認真體會文字背后的東西，才能洞悉作者的寫作目的，抓住文章的主題。解答完形填空題需具備“題文齊讀”的技

4、能，也即是一邊讀文，一邊用眼睛的余光掃一下題目。這項 技能要求較高，運用此法要保證注意力高度集中，要具備較強的聚合思維。在平時的訓練中要多嘗試應用 才能默化成規(guī)，內(nèi)化于心。通常，在具體的解題中，需掌握以下解題方法：.利用語義復現(xiàn)解題語義復現(xiàn)不僅是同一個詞，同義詞、反義詞、近義詞都可能成為這類題目的解題關鍵點，但是這些詞 可能隱藏得比擬深。上下文之間可能互相暗示答案，但有時上下文相隔較遠，因此要注意尋找。（2020全國卷 H ）It was signed （簽名）Bonnato or so he thought, but when he 51 .researched it, he only fo

5、und Bonnard, “ a French 52.painter he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53.surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54.garden as his fathers painting. They 57 the other painting and learned that it was .A. collectedB. cleanedC. framedD

6、. studied【答案】D【解析】collect “收集；clean清掃；frame制定；study研究。根據(jù)上文的“but when he51 it”可知，此處用“研究”符合語境，research和study是同義詞復現(xiàn)。應選：D。（2019全國卷ni）But that 45.changed when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks （山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents （居民）of Rjukan 4

7、7.received their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48.use. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49.directs them to turn along with the sun .A. computersB. telescopesC. mirrorsD. cameras【答案】c【解析】根據(jù)下文中的“The mirrors are controlle

8、d”可知，此處應填mirrors（鏡子）。應選：Co2.利用習慣搭配或固定結構解題完形填空中經(jīng)常會考查一些習慣搭配或固定結構，此類試題相對容易，平時注意積累總結是關鍵。（2020全國卷 H ）His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50.unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.A. missedB. failedC. takenD. led【答案】c【解析】句意：他15

9、歲的兒子在上一門藝術欣賞課，他認為那幅有一個年輕女孩坐在花園椅子上的 畫是不尋常的。固定短語take classes “上課”。應選：Co3.利用邏輯關系解題此種方法是通過分析設空前后文的邏輯關系來確定答案，主要應用于完形填空的兩類題型：一是考查 連詞和起連詞作用的短語；二是考查上下文的邏輯關系。無論是句內(nèi)層次題還是句組層次題，利用邏輯關 系去解答都是一種重要的方法。（2021 天津高考 3 月）In addition to 31 .practical skills, Pruitfs lessons teach teamwork, encourage self- worth, and prom

10、ote feelings of community. 32 ， the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.B. HoweverA. OtherwiseC. SomehowD. Meanwhile【答案】D【解析】句意:同時,孩子們也有了一種成就感。otherwise “否那么；however“然而”;somehow“不知 怎么、meanwhile “同時L根據(jù)前后文邏輯關系可知，孩子們通過參加Pruitt（普魯伊特）的課程，學到實用 技能，與獲得成就感是同步的，meanwhile符合題意。應選：Do【題型剖析】A（2022全國高考真題）You

11、 can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with 2, When I first dated Steve, I 3 hehad a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I wa

12、s 4 that he was an animal lover, I 5 that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6. the cat.The next week we 7 our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our 8, Stevegot down on one knee. Was he proposing （求婚）？ I liked him too, but so 9? He poured water from a b

13、ottleinto his hand and offered it to my dogs.10, I began to fall for him.We 11 to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tillyhad an operation on her 12. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound.

14、 Then Steve 14 his house. All workedL5. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching,16 Floras space; Steve and Iformed a good team 17 for Tilly. We made good housemates.A year later, much to my 18, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He didnot kneel （跪）down, nor did I

15、 19 him to. Thats only for giving 20 to the dogs thatbrought us together.1. A. ownershipB. membershipC. companionshipD. leadership2. A. reservationsB. expectationsC. confidenceD. prejudice3. A. fearedB. doubtedC. hopedD. learned4. A. unsatisfiedB. amusedC. terrifiedD. thrilled5. A. predictedB. worri

16、edC , regrettedD. insisted6. A. FloraB. ChanceC. MollyD. Tilly7. A. tiedB. walkedC. bathedD. fed8. A. breathB. balanceC. attentionD. imagination9. A. calmB. sureC. soonD. real10. A. By the wayB. In that caseC. By all meansD. In that moment11. A. continuedB. decidedC. intendedD. pretended12. A. eyeB.

17、 tailC. earD. leg13. A.secretlyB. constantlyC. eventuallyD. unwillingly14. A.leftB. soldC. suggestedD. searched15. A.lateB. hardC. fineD. free16. A.emptiedB , respectedC. occupiedD. discovered17. A.lookingB. caringC. waitingD. calling18. A.delightB , creditC. interestD. disadvantage19. A.begB. trust

18、C. needD. aid20. A.toysB , awardsC. foodD. water（2022浙江高考真題）When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her 21, notably dryness and discomfort.nI was simply 22 a terrible experience, n Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. nI felt so helpless and inse

19、cure because the quality of my 23 was affected.Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 24 problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 25. ” Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 26 she said. n But more andmore are suffering and lives are being 27.Eventually, Ms. Bu

20、rdeyney learned about plans for an eye research, 28 at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team 29 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 30 work on eye careusing stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 3j for the project with a friend,Toronto businessman Meyer Ze

21、ifman.32 she has raised $110, 000 with another $40, 00033nIm trying to get more and more people to 34 that there are solutions （解決方法）said Ms.Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 35. nl say there is no old36, theres only neglect （忽視）.Dont stand 37, do something

22、about it. nMs. Burdeyney 38 that she is hoping to do more for the research project. nI just want to bring39 into people eyes and this is just the 40. There is still a long way to gon21. A.throatB. skinC. lungsD. eyes22. A.getting overB. going throughC. holding onD. passing down23. A.storyB. treatmentC. lifeD. relationship24. A.similarB , variousC. p