德州專版中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)第三部分題型研析高分保障題型三短文還原講義

1、第三部分 題型研析 高分保障題型 3短文還原年份2017201620152014文體說明文說明文說明文記敘文話題關(guān)于旅游關(guān)于名字家庭寄宿放飛鳥的一次經(jīng)歷詞數(shù)233153282267分析 短文還原題目是德州14年英語中考題中更換的新題型，在原文中選出5個承上啟下的句子設(shè)空，同時在選項(xiàng)中增加一個句子作為混淆選項(xiàng)，要求學(xué)生選5個句子還原到文章中，使文章通順完整、銜接自然、符合表達(dá)邏輯。此題要求學(xué)生在全面理解文章內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上，著重關(guān)注文章，謀篇布局，我們在日常學(xué)習(xí)中，要兼顧課文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和構(gòu)思角度 解題技法指導(dǎo)例題精析 2017成都中考As time goes by，are you still

2、the same person you were？Many of you would think you are.1._ You could be a completely different person when you get old.Psychologists(心理學(xué)家) at the UKs University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people.2._ In 1950，a group of teachers gave over 1，200 14yearold students personality t

3、ests.3._They were selfconfidence，sense of responsibility，perseverance(耐性)，strong wishes to win，creativity and moods (情緒) In 2012，researchers successfully found 174 of those 1，200 students and gave them a test similar to the one they had received before.4._ They were surprised to find great changes t

4、o all six personality traits of these people.5._ It was “as if the second test had been given to different people.” the study reported. In the past，personality was widely believed to be unchangeable.This new study may bring some fresh ideas to the world.AThey tested six basic personality traits.BThe

5、n they compared the thenandnow test results.CThey wanted to know if peoples personality was unchangeable.DBut according to a new study，your personality can change greatly.EThe young and older self seemed to be totally different from each person.FThe research found almost everyones personality change

6、d when grew old.【主旨大意】這是一篇科普類說明文，文章主要介紹了，人們以前普遍認(rèn)為人格是不可改變的，但隨著時間的推移，人的性格會發(fā)生變化。短文用實(shí)驗(yàn)來驗(yàn)證了這一結(jié)論。1D根據(jù)上句 “As time goes by，are you still the same person you were？Many of you would think you are.隨著時間的流逝，你還是原來的你嗎？你們很多人都會認(rèn)為自己是。”可知，下句應(yīng)該是“但是根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，你的個性可能會發(fā)生很大的變化?！惫蔬xD。2F根據(jù)上句 “Psychologists(心理學(xué)家)at the UKs Unive

7、rsity of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people.英國愛丁堡大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家對一群蘇格蘭人做了這項(xiàng)研究?！笨芍?，下句應(yīng)該是“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾乎每個人的性格隨著年齡的增長而改變。”故選F。3A根據(jù)上句 “In 1950，a group of teachers gave over 1，200 14yearold students personality tests.在1950年，一組教師對1200多名14歲學(xué)生進(jìn)行了性格測試?！奔跋戮?“They were selfconfidence，sense of responsibili

8、ty，perseverance，strong wishes to win，creativity and moods.他們是自信、責(zé)任感、毅力、強(qiáng)烈的獲勝愿望、創(chuàng)造力和情緒。”可知，中間應(yīng)該是“他們測試了六個基本的性格特征?！惫蔬xA。4B根據(jù)上句 “In 2012，researchers successfully found 174 of those 1，200 students and gave them a test similar to the one they had received before.2012年，研究人員成功地找到了1200個學(xué)生中的174個，并給他們做了一個類似于他們以

9、前接受過的測試。”可知，下句應(yīng)該是“然后他們比較了當(dāng)時和現(xiàn)在的測試結(jié)果?！惫蔬xB。5E根據(jù)上句 “They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people.他們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)這些人的六個性格特征都發(fā)生了巨大的變化?！笨芍?，下句應(yīng)該是“年輕的自己和老的自己每個人看起來都完全不同?！惫蔬xE。技法點(diǎn)撥 在閱讀短文還原題給出的選項(xiàng)中我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一些特點(diǎn)：該題型選項(xiàng)大致可分為主旨概括句(文章整體內(nèi)容)、過渡性句子(文章結(jié)構(gòu))和注釋性句子(上下文邏輯意義)三類。另外，多余的干擾項(xiàng)也可以通過這三

10、個特點(diǎn)來排除，例如，在干擾項(xiàng)中，主旨句概括要么過于寬泛，要么以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。根據(jù)這些，我們總結(jié)了一些解題技巧供大家參考： 1注意細(xì)節(jié)之間的聯(lián)系，平時我們運(yùn)用最多的四種邏輯關(guān)系(因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系、順序關(guān)系)，在文章中尋找邏輯詞和連接詞，如表因果關(guān)系：because，so；表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but，however；表并列關(guān)系：and，or；表順序關(guān)系：時間順序，動作順序。 2注意主題與細(xì)節(jié)之間的關(guān)系，這類較為簡單，一般在句首或句中挖空。 3注意大小主題之間的關(guān)系，此類題目較難，一般要通讀全文，在全文中尋找答案。 4注意首段的末句以

11、及末段的首句，多數(shù)情況下需要填的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在這兩個地方。 做題步驟口訣 讀選項(xiàng)，排排序；讀短文，找邏輯； 先易后難，找順序；定奪答案，再讀文章。 得分技巧口訣 抓住過渡詞；盯住上下句；看準(zhǔn)橫線的前后詞語。即時運(yùn)用Passage 1 2016德州中考 Whats in a Name? Your name is very important.When you think of yourself，you probably think of your name first.1._ Right now，the two most popular names for babies in the United

12、States are“Jacob”for boys and “Emily”for girls.2._And why are some names unpopular? ED Names can become popular because of famous actors，TV or book heroes，or top players.Popular names mean very positive(積極的)things.Unpopular names mean negative(消極的)things.3._Here are some common opinions about names

13、from a recent survey.C 4_The biggest reason is tradition.They have no choice.Many people are named after a family member. 5_A name that is unpopular now might become popular in the future.Thats good news for all the Georges and Bettys out there.AChinese names are different from English names.BOf cou

14、rse，opinions can change over time.CSurprisingly，people usually have similar opinions about names.DWhy are these names popular?EBecause it is an important part of your identity(身份)FSo why do parents give their children unpopular names?FBPassage 2 2017北京中考改編From the Other Side Lara and Tara are twins.

15、1._，but they are very different in everything else.For example，hot food is Laras favorite，and Tara has a sweet choice. However，this isnt the problem with the twin girls.They always argued that the opposite one was wrong.2._，while Tara insisted that mornings were fresh and it was difficult to stay up

16、 till midnight.AE 3_To put an end to their fights，their parents decided to create a small drama.They wanted the girls to understand that they were both correct from their own point of view.Their parents covered the girls eyes with black ribbons，and brought them to the dining room.4._.Lara was asked

17、to stand on one side of the board and Tara on the other.They couldnt see the other side of it.When the ribbons were taken away，they were surprised to see a huge board between them.BD Now，their father asked Lara，“Whats the color of the board？” She replied，“Its black！”5._She replied，“Its white！” The t

18、wo girls began to argue again.While Lara was confident it was black，Tara was sure it was white.Then，they were asked to exchange(交換)their places.They couldnt believe their eyes.Tara，who insisted it was a white board，saw a black one.Similarly，Lara，who argued the board was black，was shocked to see a wh

19、ite one.They understood that each of them was right in her own view.Most of us are like Lara and Tara.We are right most times，but insist that others are wrong!CAThey look like each otherBFor years，their arguments continuedCTheir mother asked Tara the same questionDIn the room，a big board was placed

20、in the middleELara thought it was terrible to get up early in the morningFThey went to school togetherPassage 3 2017云南中考 There is a seed(種子)He is so small that nobody wants to look at him.1._ One day，a wind brings him to a field in the sun.He looks around and a spatter of rain comes to him.Then he g

21、rows up.Four years later，a man sits under him.The man says，“Thank you for this.2._” “What are you talking about？” the seed asks.3._No one speaks to him like that. “Who is this？” the man asks. “Its me.Im a seed.” “A seed？” The man looks at the big tree.“ 4._You are a tree，a big tree！”CDFB “Really？” “

22、Yes! People came here to have a rest under your shade(樹蔭)” Hearing this，the seed，now a tree，is very happy.“Oh! That means Im not a small seed anymore.5._ Wow! Everybody comes to me for my shade because I am a big tree now！”AI can help people.BYou are not a seed.CSo the seed doesnt think he is import

23、ant.DI really need some rest.EThe seed is planted in a field.FHe thinks the man is laughing at him.APassage 4 2016臨沂中考 On the fourth Sunday of every November，most Americans get together around the dinner table to celebrate Thanksgiving.Special traditions in the US have been around for many years.1._

24、 These are four popular Thanksgiving traditions and how they started. 2_The first Thanksgiving meal was in the autumn of 1621 when the first travelers from England celebrated their first harvest(收獲)But it wasnt made into an official(官方的) holiday until 1863.The first large meal had turkey，fruits and

25、vegetables，which are still common today.CE 3_ Historians say the first travelers invited Native Americans(美洲印第安人) to the meal to thank them for teaching them how to grow food.Today at the large meal，friends and family will also say what they are most thankful for. 4_ The parade(游行) includes very large balloons that look like cartoon