土方開挖方案(中英版本)

1、CONTENT:Project ViewConstruction ArrangementConstruction ProcessQuality ControlMain Management Measure (HSE)一、工程概況171、工程名稱：MD3住宅工程2、工程位置：越南胡志明市第七郡富美興新城區(qū)。3、建設(shè)單位：富美興聯(lián)營公司。4、設(shè)計(jì)單位：中華太平洋建設(shè)咨詢公司。5、監(jiān)理單位：中華太平洋建設(shè)咨詢公司。6、總承包單位：中國建筑(東南亞)有限公司。7、工程設(shè)計(jì)概況：7.1建筑功能及規(guī)模：該工程為住宅工程；總建筑面積為181,286m2,其中地上為154,863m2， 地下室為26,423m

2、2。占地面積為26,479 m2。上部塔樓包括：B1，B2,B3棟24層；C1，C2 棟21層；D1，D2, E1，E2棟16層。地下室為一層，為停車場。7.2標(biāo)高:0.000相當(dāng)于絕對高程2.300m； GF室內(nèi)地坪：1.15m；地下室底板面標(biāo)高為-3.150m； 原地面平均標(biāo)高為-0.2m。建筑物總高度：B1，B2,B3棟83.15m； C1，C2棟72.65m； D1， D2，E1，E2 棟 56.75m。7.3結(jié)構(gòu)類型：B棟為框架一剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)。C，D，E棟為剪力墻結(jié)構(gòu)7.4基礎(chǔ)形式：樁承臺基礎(chǔ)。8、基坑開挖深度：本工程自然地坪絕對標(biāo)高為1.72.8m，基坑開挖平均深度為3.6m。最大

3、開挖深度8.0m。9、施工難度：.地下室結(jié)構(gòu)施工為本工程的施工重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，軟土地基，面積大，工期緊，設(shè)備和勞動 力投入多。. 土方施工又是地下室施工的重點(diǎn)。本工程最大開挖深度為-8.0m，平均開挖深度為-3.6m。 深基坑處采用鋼板樁擋土，型鋼做內(nèi)支撐；淺基坑處才用鋼板樁擋土。其中，鋼板樁需求量 大，約為2300噸，保障供應(yīng)是關(guān)鍵。.地下室施工面積大，要合理地劃分施工區(qū)段，確保人，材，機(jī)的投入，以保證地下室施 工按期完成。.地下室施工正值雨季，防雨和排水措施必須合理安排、布置，盡量減少雨季對施工的影 響。Project View1. Project name: RESIDENTIAL DEVE

4、LOPMENT MD3-2&3Project address: Vietnam HCMC District 7 PHU MY HUNG.Owner: PHU MY HUNG CompanyDesign Unit: Sino Pacific Consultancy CompanySupervision Unit: Sino Pacific Consultancy CompanyMain Contractor: China Construction Engineering Corporation (S.E.A)General Construction View:Architectural func

5、tion and scale: This project is resident project, which building area is 181,286m2. The superstructure area is 154,863m2 and the basement area is 26,423m2. The covering area of it is 26,479 m2. The tower building includes: B1, B2, B3 are 24 floor; C1,C2 are 21 floor; D1,D2,E1,E2 are 16 floor. The ba

6、sement of this project is 1 floor, which is parking lot.Level: 0.000 equals to absolute elevation 2.300m; GF building ground elevation: 1.15m; Basement bottom floor level is -3.150m; Original mean ground level is -0.2m.The total height of building: B1, B2, B3 are 83.15m; C1, C2 are 72.65m; D1, D2, E

7、1, E2 are 56.75m.Structure type: Building B is frame-shear wall structure. Building C, D, E are shear wall structure.Foundation form: Pile cap foundationDepth of excavation: This project natural floor absolute level is 1.72.8m, average excavation is 3.6m , the deepest excavation is 8.0m.Construction

8、 Difficulty.Basement structure construction is the key and the difficulty of this project, soft foundation, large area, schedule is tense, more equipment and labor should be input.Earthwork is the key of basement construction. The most depth of excavation is -8.0m. Average excavation depth is -3.6m.

9、We use steel sheet pile to retaining and H-beam steel as support system in deep foundation. We use steel sheet pile to retaining in shallow foundation. The demanded quantity of steel sheet pile is very large of which is 1000t, and we should ensure the supply.The construction area of basement is larg

10、e, should divide the construction area properly. Ensure the workers, material and equipment input and the complete the basement on schedule.The construction of basement meet rainy period. We should arrange the waterproof and drainage properly to reduce the effect of rainy period.二、施工部署1、土方開挖前的準(zhǔn)備工作：.

11、場地平整：要求場地標(biāo)高在-0.200m。.臨時道路鋪設(shè)，用happy valley項(xiàng)目的建筑垃圾回填，平整，壓實(shí)，保證運(yùn)土路線暢通； 道路標(biāo)高約在-0.200m。.基坑周邊及基坑內(nèi)部排水和臨時供電布置?；油鈧?cè)設(shè)置明溝排水，水排至靠近河邊處 雨水管中；基坑內(nèi)側(cè)設(shè)置明溝和集水井，通過水泵將坑內(nèi)積水排到坑外排水溝，排出場外。.洗車池要在土方開挖前完成，所有出場的運(yùn)土車必須進(jìn)過洗車，以保周邊道路干凈整潔。.測量控制網(wǎng)的布置.基坑觀測點(diǎn)的布置。采用兩種方式進(jìn)行觀測：第一種方式為測斜管觀測，此方案正在設(shè) 計(jì)中，在2014年6月13日前將提交詳細(xì)方案。第二種方式為木樁觀測，即在坡頂，坡腳和 基坑底部設(shè)置木

12、樁，每半天觀測木樁的沉降和位移情況。. MD4堆砂場地回填布置和要求. 土方開挖方案交底會.挖機(jī)司機(jī)和運(yùn)土車司機(jī)安全培訓(xùn).挖土工人安全培訓(xùn)2、土方開挖順序：淺基坑開挖順序：第一施工段C2, E1，D2，開挖至-2.70m (局部-4.20m)；第二施工段 C1，D1，E2，開挖至-2.70m (局部-4.20m)；第三施工段B1，B2，B3，開挖至-2.70m (局 部-4.20m)；深基坑(電梯井處)開挖順序：第一施工段C2, E1，D2，開挖至-8.00/-7.45m；第二施 工段C1，D1，E2，開挖至-8.00/-7.45m；第三施工段B1，B2，B3，開挖至-8.00m。深基坑處結(jié)構(gòu)

13、完成，鋼板樁拔除后，淺基坑開挖順序：第一施工段C2, E1，D2，開挖 至-3.60m；第二施工段C1，D1，E2,開挖至-3.60m；第三施工段B1，B2, B3,開挖至-3.60m.3、開挖設(shè)備和鋼板樁施工設(shè)備土方開挖時擬采用6臺斗容量0.70.9m3反鏟挖土機(jī)，12臺斗容量0.50.3m3反鏟挖土機(jī)；深基坑開挖時，采用3臺臺斗容量0.5m3長臂反鏟挖土機(jī)；48輛10m3運(yùn)土車進(jìn)行施工。鋼板樁施工采用5臺打樁機(jī)進(jìn)行施工(其中1臺備用)。目錄Construction arrangementPreparation before the excavation:. Site leveling: r

14、equire site level is -0.200m.Arrange and lay out the excavation road, use the rubbish of Happy Valley to backfill, make flat and compacting. Ensure the smooth of transporting the soil. The road level is -0.200m. The temporary electric arrangement of around foundation and inside foundation. Install t

15、he ditch to drain outside the foundation, the water is drained to the pipe near the river. Set up the ditch and sump pit inside the foundation. Drain the water of inside foundation to the outside foundation ditch through water pump. Washing bay must be completed before the excavation, all vehicles t

16、ransport the soil outside must pass the washing bay to make sure the clean of around road. Survey control point arrangement. Observation point of foundation arrangement. We use two methods to do the observation: The first method is inclinometer casing. This method is being designed, we will supply t

17、he detailed plan before 13/6/2014. The second method is timber pile observation. We set the timber piles at the top, base of slope and foundation bottom. We observe the settlement and displacement of timber piles 2 times a day. MD4 soil backfill arrangement and requirement. Excavation method meeting

18、. Safety training of excavator and dumping car drivers. Safety training of excavation workersExcavation steps:Shallow foundation excavation step: First step C2,E1,D2 excavate to the -2.70m( part of them is -4.20m); Second step C1,D1,E1 excavate to -2.70m ( part of them is -4.20m);Third step B1,B2,B3

19、 excavate to -2.70m ( part of them is -4.20m); Third step B1,B2,B3Deep foundation (Elevator) excavation step: First step C2, E1, D2 excavate to -8.00m/-7.45m;Second step C1, D1.E2 excavate to -8.00m/-7.45m; Third step B1, B2, B3 excavate to -8.00mDeep foundation structure completed, after pulling ou

20、t the steel sheet ,the shallow foundation excavation step: First step C2,E1,D2 excavate to -3.60m; Second stepC1,D1,E2 excavate to -3.60m; Third step B1,B2,B3 excavate to -3.60m.Excavation equipment and steel sheet pile construction equipmentUse 6 sets 0.70.9m3 excavator, 12 sets 0.30.5m3 excavators

21、 when start theexcavation work. When constructing the deep foundation excavation, use 3 sets 0.5m3 long-arm excavators and 48 sets 10m3 trucks.Use 5 sets sheet pile driver when constructing the steel sheet piles （1 reserved）三、施工操作工藝1、土方開挖工程1.1完成測量控制網(wǎng)的設(shè)置，包括控制基線、軸線和水準(zhǔn)基點(diǎn)。場地平整進(jìn)行方格網(wǎng)樁的布 置和標(biāo)高測設(shè)，計(jì)算挖填土方量，對建筑

22、物做好定位軸線的控制測量和校核；進(jìn)行土方工程 的測量定位放線，并經(jīng)檢查復(fù)核無誤后，作為施工控制的依據(jù)。1.2合理安排機(jī)械進(jìn)出場和土方運(yùn)輸線路，保護(hù)好臨時供水供電線路。1.3機(jī)械挖土分四大步進(jìn)行：第一步挖至-2.70m （分兩層開挖：第一層開挖至-1.20m，第二層開挖至-2.70m）；保留 部分回填，用做修路。第二步局部開挖至-4.20m （在-2.70標(biāo)高處設(shè)置寬度8m的平臺，小型挖機(jī)在此平臺上， 開挖至-4.20m）。采用“接力挖土法”，即一臺大挖機(jī)在基坑邊-1.20m處，一臺小型挖機(jī)在基 坑內(nèi)-2.70m，寬度為8m的平臺上，小型挖機(jī)可開挖至-4.20m，同時轉(zhuǎn)土給大挖機(jī)，由大挖 機(jī)裝車

23、，再由車運(yùn)至棄土地點(diǎn)。機(jī)械開挖不到之處，再配以人工開挖、找平；第三步在電梯井周邊打鋼板樁，做支撐，然后采用長臂挖機(jī)由-4.20m開挖至-8.00m?；?底應(yīng)預(yù)留20cm 土層人工清底找平，從而避免超挖和基底土遭受擾動；第四步在完后電梯井基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，拔除周邊鋼板樁后，將底板剩余部分開挖至3.60m。土 方開挖完成。土方開挖的平面圖及剖面圖詳見土方開挖施工圖1.4當(dāng)?shù)谝唬酵练介_挖完成后，在邊坡頂部，中部，底部及基坑內(nèi)側(cè)設(shè)置基坑觀測點(diǎn)， 測量人員每半天測量一下，檢查基坑邊坡穩(wěn)定性。1.5當(dāng)土方開挖完成后，測量人員要立即放出基底邊線，進(jìn)行基槽驗(yàn)收?；垓?yàn)收合格后開 始由人工挖除20cm預(yù)留土體，用尺

24、量好50cm標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺桿，隨時校核基底標(biāo)高。并在清理好 的基底上放好基坑邊線。基槽平整好后，應(yīng)立即進(jìn)行墊層等下道工序施工。1.6在軟土地基，進(jìn)入基坑要鋪設(shè)道路?？用妗⒖拥着潘到y(tǒng)要保持良好。目錄1.7防止地下水及雨水浸泡坑底，沿基坑邊30cm外預(yù)留50cm寬臨時排水溝，且在轉(zhuǎn)角處設(shè) 臨時積水坑，每一坑內(nèi)配備一臺抽水泵，隨時抽出坑內(nèi)積水。為防止地表水進(jìn)入基坑，在基 坑外圍靠基坑0.5m處用四孔磚砌筑100mm寬，300mm高攔水壩，以防雨水等流入基坑。坡面采用彩條布覆蓋。防止雨水沖刷。2、土方回填工程2.1回填前應(yīng)清除基底上草皮、雜物、樹根和淤泥，排除積水，并在四周設(shè)截水溝，防止地 面水流入填方區(qū)或

25、基坑，浸泡地基，造成基土下陷。2.2宜優(yōu)先采用回填砂，并清除其中有機(jī)雜質(zhì)和粒徑大于50mm的顆粒，含水量應(yīng)符合要求。2.3回填土分層攤鋪和夯壓實(shí)，每層鋪土厚度和壓實(shí)遍數(shù)根據(jù)土質(zhì)、壓實(shí)系數(shù)和機(jī)具性能而 定。2.4回填時從最底處開始，由下而上整個寬度水平分層均勻鋪填土料和夯實(shí)。深淺坑相連時， 先填深坑，填至與淺基坑相同標(biāo)高后與淺坑全面分層填夯。如分段填筑，交接成階梯形，梯 形的高寬比一般為1： 2。分層交接處錯開，上下層接縫距離不小于1.0m。墻基及管道回填 在兩側(cè)用細(xì)土同時回填夯實(shí)。2.5人工回填打夯前將填土初步整平，打夯按一定方向進(jìn)行，一夯壓半夯，夯夯相接，行行 相連，兩遍縱橫交叉，分層打夯。

26、夯實(shí)基槽及地坪時，行夯路線由四邊開始，然后再夯向中 間。用蛙式打夯機(jī)等小型機(jī)具夯實(shí)時，打夯之前對填土初步整平，打夯機(jī)依次夯打，均勻分 開，不留間隙。2.6回填土每層填土夯實(shí)后，應(yīng)按規(guī)范規(guī)定進(jìn)行環(huán)刀取樣，測出干土的質(zhì)量密度；達(dá)到要求 后，再進(jìn)行上一層的鋪土。2.7雨天不宜進(jìn)行回填施工，必須施工時，分段盡快完成，且宜采用沙土等填料，周圍有防 雨和排水措施。3、樁處理方法3.1根據(jù)樁基完工資料，認(rèn)真檢查所有樁的頂標(biāo)高。嚴(yán)格控制挖機(jī)的開挖深度，避免損壞樁 頭。3.2 土方開挖中，出現(xiàn)樁頭后，立即對樁位，樁傾斜度和裂縫進(jìn)行檢查，記錄。同時與樁基 完工資料對比。3.3樁周邊50cm的土，必須由人工挖除，不

27、得使用挖機(jī)，避免損壞樁頭。3.4切割樁高度，每次不超過2m；切割時，必須將樁全部切斷，然后在轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)到指定場地。為防止樁頭損壞，嚴(yán)禁用挖機(jī)強(qiáng)行將未切斷的樁頭拉倒。3.5樁處理原則：對于傾斜度在03%范圍內(nèi)的樁，按照正常樁施工。對有裂縫的樁要設(shè)置鋼筋籠，鋼筋 籠底部超過裂縫位置2.0m，并澆筑砼。對于傾斜度大于3%的樁，要將資料提供給設(shè)計(jì)部，業(yè)主。然后按照設(shè)計(jì)部提供的方案進(jìn) 行處理。對于偏位的樁，要將承臺加大。樁偏位的尺寸即為承臺加大的尺寸。Construction ProcessExcavationAfter finishing the survey control point arrangeme

28、nt, which including the control base line, axis and bench mark. Calculate the earthwork volume. Control survey and check the axis of building, after checking this will be the basis of construction control.Arrange the machines go inside and outside the site and earthwork transportation route properly

29、. Protect the temporary water and power supply.Excavation steps:First step excavate to -2.70m (divide the excavation into two layers: first layer excavate to -1.20m, second layer excavate to -2.70m); Retain some soil to backfill and use it to build the road.Second step parts of it excavate to-4.20m

30、(Set the width of 8m platform at -2.70m level position, small excavator on this platform and excavate to 4.20m). Use “Relay excavation method”，1 big excavator at -1.20m position of foundation side and 1 small excavator at -2.700m on the width of 8m platform. Small excavator can excavate to -4.20m, a

31、t the same time transfer the soil to big excavator, load in the car by big excavator and transported to spoil location. The position excavator cannot touch, cooperated with manpower to excavate and make flat.Third step piling the steel sheet pile around the lift pit, do the support system and use lo

32、ng-arm excavator to excavate from -4.20m to -8.00m. The bottom foundation should 20cm soil layer for worker to clean and make flat to avoid the over excavation and disturbance of base foundation.Forth step, after finishing the lift pit foundation structure, remove the around steel sheet pile. Excava

33、te left part of bottom slab to -3.60m. Excavation step finished.For excavation plan and section, please refer to the excavation method drawings.After finishing excavation step 1 and 2, set the observation point at the top, middle, bottom of slope and inside the foundation. Surveyors should survey 2

34、times 1 day to check the stability of foundation slope.After finishing excavation, surveyor must set the base line and inspect the foundation ditch. After foundation ditch inspection qualified, workers excavate 20cm reserved soil. Use the ruler measure the 50cm standard rod, check the base foundatio

35、n elevation at any time. Set the foundation side line on the base foundation. After leveling the foundation ditch, carry out the construction cushion etc. next step immediately.Set the road passing into the foundation on the soft soil. Maintain the surface and base of foundation drainage system.Prev

36、ent the basement water and rain water soak the base foundation. Reserve 50cm wide temporary drainage ditch along the side foundation outside 30cm. Set the sump pit at the corner, set one water pump at 1 foundation pit and pump the water of inside foundation. Prevent the surface water go inside the f

37、oundation pit, should use the 4-hole bricks set the 100mm wide,300mm high dams outside the foundation 0.5m.Use the color cloth cover the slope to prevent rainfall.Excavation in layers, divide surface sand and mud to load in to cars. The backfill sand transported to MD4 , the mud transported outside.

38、 The backfill sand and mud mixed in the cars in not allowed.Backfilling of earthworkClean the rubbish and mud before backfilling and set cut-off drain around to prevent surface water pass inside the backfill area of foundation to soak foundation, which will cause foundation settlement.Should first u

39、se the backfill sand, clean the organic impurities and grain size larger than 50mm sand, the water content should meet the requirement.Backfill sand should be spread in layers and compacted, every spreading soil thickness and compaction times should according to the soil quality, compacting factor a

40、nd equipment capability.Backfill from the base, from base to top the hole wide horizontal spread and compact soil evenly. When deep and shallow foundation links, first backfill the deep pit until the same level as shallow pit and then fill. Compact comprehensively. For example, filling segment formi

41、ng step shape, the slope of it is 1:2. Layer junction should be staggered; the upper and lower layer junction should not less than 1.0m. Use fine soil to backfill both side the base wall and pipe.Make flat the backfill sand before the backfilling and compacting, ramming according to a certain direct

42、ion, 1 compaction and half compaction, one by one, row by row, cross twice and compact in layer. When compacting the foundation pit and ground, the compaction way should start from the around side to the center. When using small equipment such as frog ramming machine to compact, level the backfillin

43、g before compacting, tamping machine should ramming in turn, evenly separate and leaving no gaps.After backfilling and compacting the soil, should do the cutting ring sampling according to the specification to measure the mass density of dry soil. When meeting the requirement, then spread the upper

44、layer soil.Piles treatmentWe should check all the top elevation of piles according to the pile completion data. And strictly control the excavation depth of excavator, avoid damaging the pile head.Check and record the pile position, pile inclination, and crackThe soil 50cm around the pile must be ex

45、cavated by workers. Cannot use the excavator, avoid damaging the pile head.For the cutting pile height, every time should not more than 2m. We must cut all the piles and transfer to the specified site. Excavators are forbidden to pulled down the pile head which hasnt been cut to prevent the pile hea

46、d damagePile treatment principles:For the inclination of pile in the range of 03%, we constructed the piles normally. We should set the rebar case for the piles which have cracks. The bottom of rebar case should 2.0m deeper than the crack position, and pour the concrete.For the inclination of pile m

47、ore than 3%, we should provide the data to the designers and the owners. Then treat it according to the method which is provided by the designers.For the piles which are deviated, we should enlarge the pile cap. The pile deviation dimension is the pile cap enlargement dimension.四、質(zhì)量控制1、土方開挖工程質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)項(xiàng)

48、序檢查項(xiàng)目允許偏差或允許值（mm）檢驗(yàn)方法柱基基坑基槽挖方場地平整管溝地（路）面基層人工機(jī)械主 控 項(xiàng) 目1標(biāo)高-503050-50-50水準(zhǔn)儀檢查2長度、寬度（由設(shè) 計(jì)中心線向兩邊 量）+200-50+300-100+500-150+100-經(jīng)緯儀、用鋼尺量3邊坡設(shè)計(jì)要求本工程為水泥土攪拌樁重力式擋 墻一般 項(xiàng) 目1表面平整度2020502020用兩米靠尺和楔形塞尺檢查。2基底土性設(shè)計(jì)要求觀察或土樣分析2、土方回填工程質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)項(xiàng)序檢查項(xiàng)目允許偏差或允許值（mm）檢驗(yàn)方法柱基基坑基槽挖方場地平整管溝地（路）面基層人工機(jī)械主 控 項(xiàng) 目1標(biāo)高-503050-50-50水準(zhǔn)儀檢查2分層壓實(shí)系數(shù)

49、設(shè)計(jì)要求按規(guī)定方法一般 項(xiàng)1回填土料設(shè)計(jì)要求取樣檢查或直觀鑒別2分層厚度及含水設(shè)計(jì)要求水準(zhǔn)儀及抽樣檢目量查3表面平整度2020302020用靠尺或水準(zhǔn)儀Quality ControlEarthwork excavation quality acceptance criteriaItemNoInspection ItemAllowable deMation (mm)Inspection methodColumn base Foundation pit Foundation ditchThe excavation site formationPipe ditchThe ground (road)

50、baseManual workMechanicalDominantItem1Level-503050-50-50Check by level2Length, Width(From the design center line to both sides)+200-50+300-100+500-150+100-Theodolite and steel ruler3SlopeDesign requirementThis project is Cement soil mixing pile gravity type retaining wallGeneralItem1Surface Evenness

51、2020502020Check by two-meter ruler and wedge plug ruler2BasementsoilcharacterDesign requirementCheck by observation or analysis of soil sampleEarthwork backfilling quality acceptance criteriaItemNo一Allowable deviation(mm)Inspection methodColumn base Foundation pH Foundation ditchThe exca formationiv

52、ation sitePipe ditchThe ground (road)baseManual workMechanicalDominantItem1Level-503050-50-50Check by level2Layering compacting factorDesign requirementAccordingtoprescribed methodGeneralItem1Backfilling soilDesign requirementSampling inspectionvisual2Layering thickness and water contentDesign requi

53、rementCheck by level and sampling3Surface evenness2020302020Ruler or level五、主要管理措施1、安全管理及防護(hù)技術(shù)措施1.1基坑的防護(hù)土方開挖要察看市政資料弄清地下管網(wǎng)等，必要時探明情況后再行開挖。1.1.2在距離坑邊2.0m周圍用 辱8鋼管設(shè)置兩道護(hù)身欄桿，立桿間距4m，高出自然地坪1.5m， 埋深0.5m?；由峡谶?m范圍內(nèi)不許堆土、堆料和停放機(jī)具。各施工人員嚴(yán)禁翻躍護(hù)身欄 桿?；邮┕て陂g設(shè)警示牌，夜間加設(shè)紅色燈標(biāo)志。1.2設(shè)立專職安全員，定人定時對土體水平位移、地表沉降監(jiān)測，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時通知設(shè)計(jì)、 建設(shè)、監(jiān)理等單

54、位，共同解決。1.3在土方開挖時，挖土機(jī)等施工機(jī)械，嚴(yán)禁碰撞基坑內(nèi)樁基。1.4多臺挖土機(jī)在同一作業(yè)面機(jī)械開挖，挖土機(jī)間距應(yīng)大于10m；多臺挖土機(jī)在不同臺階同 時開挖時，上下臺挖機(jī)前后應(yīng)相距30m以上。1.5基坑外施工人員不得向基坑內(nèi)亂扔雜物，向基坑下傳遞工具時要接穩(wěn)后再松手。1.6坑下人員休息時要遠(yuǎn)離基坑邊，以防不慎。1.7施工機(jī)械一切聽從指揮，所有車輛必須嚴(yán)格按規(guī)定的路線行駛，防止撞車。人員盡量遠(yuǎn) 離施工機(jī)械，挖土機(jī)工作回轉(zhuǎn)半徑范圍內(nèi)不得站人或進(jìn)行其他作業(yè)。如有必要，先通知操作 人員，待回應(yīng)后方可接近。1.8挖土機(jī)和運(yùn)土車行走時，必須注意上空電線，不得在架空輸電線路下工作；如在架空輸 電線一

55、側(cè)工作時，垂直與水平距離分別不得小于2.5m與46m（110220kV時）。1.9夜間作業(yè)，機(jī)上及工作地點(diǎn)必須有充足的照明設(shè)施，在危險(xiǎn)地段應(yīng)設(shè)置明顯的警示標(biāo)志 和護(hù)欄。1.10雨季施工，車輛行駛道路必須鋪設(shè)完好，路邊做好排水，以保證行車安全。2、環(huán)境保護(hù)或環(huán)境衛(wèi)生管理措施。2.1防止揚(yáng)塵及大氣污染措施土方由合格的運(yùn)輸單位施工，并簽訂運(yùn)輸合同，在合同中明確公司的環(huán)境要求。在現(xiàn) 場出入口設(shè)專人清洗車輪，并拍實(shí)車上土或嚴(yán)密遮蓋，運(yùn)載工程土方最高點(diǎn)不超過車廂上沿 50cm，邊緣不高于車廂上沿。2.1.2用于工程預(yù)留的回填土，為防止揚(yáng)塵，采取噴灑覆蓋的方法；2.1.3對施工道路鋪設(shè)砼預(yù)制板，在出口處設(shè)置

56、洗車池，并設(shè)專人負(fù)責(zé)；2.1.4在現(xiàn)場設(shè)置一輛灑水車，安排專人負(fù)責(zé)，根據(jù)現(xiàn)場情況對現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行灑水，防止揚(yáng)塵；2.2防止水污染措施臨時廁所設(shè)置化糞池，污水經(jīng)化糞池過濾、沉淀后排入市政污水管線。2.3防止噪聲污染措施2.3.1建立健全控制認(rèn)為噪聲的管理制度；2.3.2噪聲值監(jiān)測執(zhí)行建筑施工場界噪聲測量方法（GB12524），土石方施工階段晝間不 超過75分貝，夜間不超過55分貝，并且經(jīng)常測試（6： 0022： 00為晝間，22： 006： 00 為夜間）。2.4現(xiàn)場環(huán)境衛(wèi)生管理2.4.1施工現(xiàn)場設(shè)專人負(fù)責(zé)整理、保持現(xiàn)場整潔衛(wèi)生。做到施工現(xiàn)場無積水、車輛不帶泥沙 出現(xiàn)場。每天派人灑水清掃施工道路，綠化

57、、美化施工現(xiàn)場；2.4.2指定專人每天清理辦公區(qū)，保證清潔衛(wèi)生，做到無積水、無污物；2.5做好施工現(xiàn)場環(huán)境保護(hù)的監(jiān)督檢查工作，每月初、月中和月末對環(huán)境各項(xiàng)工作進(jìn)行一次 檢查，對存在的問題及時采取糾正和預(yù)防措施，并做好文字記錄和存檔工作。3、防止擾民措施本工程地處FV醫(yī)院附近，為確保正常的施工秩序，盡量減少對周圍辦公、生活的影響，制 定如下措施：3.1施工現(xiàn)場提倡文明施工，建立健全控制人為噪聲的管理制度，盡量減少人為的大聲喧嘩， 增強(qiáng)全體施工人員防噪聲擾民的自覺意識；3.2隨時與現(xiàn)場周圍有關(guān)部門取得聯(lián)系，對他們的意見、建議進(jìn)行合理采納，對有關(guān)施工工 序安排、工人操作方面的問題，在生產(chǎn)調(diào)度會上進(jìn)行

58、解決；3.3在土方施工階段，堅(jiān)持定期檢測噪音，保證噪音低于臨界值；3.4對人為活動噪聲建立管理制度，特別要杜絕人為敲打、叫嚷等現(xiàn)象，最大限度地減少噪 聲擾民。Main management measureSafety management and protection technical measurementFoundation pit protectionCheck the municipal information and clarify the underground pipe work beforeexcavation, should verify the circumstances

59、 before excavation if necessary.Set two railing with (p48 steel pipes at a distance around the foundation. Pole spacing is 4m, 1.5m above the natural floor and 0.5 in depth. Within 3m of upper side of foundation pit, piling up soil, materials and parking machines are not allowed. Workers are forbidd

60、en to jump over the railing. Set up warning signs and red light marks during the pit constructionSet up safety supervisor, check the soil horizontal displacement and surface subsidence at definite time. Notice the design, construction and supervision units in time if finding problems, solve the prob