北京市中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二篇 語法突破篇 語法專題八動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)講義

1、PART TWO第二篇 語法突破篇語法專題（八）動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)【中考考點(diǎn)】(1)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過去式、過去分詞和v.-ing形式的構(gòu)成。(2)動(dòng)詞的六種時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法。(3)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法。(4)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義的用法。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法(1)結(jié)構(gòu):當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。(2)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則如下:考點(diǎn)一一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般情況下,在動(dòng)詞后直接加-s。如:workworks以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞,先變y為i,再加es。如:carrycarries; crycries; trytries; stu

2、dystudies以s, x, o, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞加es。如:passpasses; fixfixes; gogoes;teachteaches; washwashes特殊: havehas; beis(3)用法:表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)或經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與seldom, often, usually, always, sometimes, today, every day, once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays等時(shí)間狀語連用。I go to school at seven every day. 我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。表示普遍真理和客觀

3、事實(shí)。The earth goes around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。表示在現(xiàn)在時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Here comes the bus. 公共汽車來了。 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時(shí)。Ill go shopping with my mother if she is free tomorrow. 如果明天我媽媽有空,我將和她去購物。2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問句和否定句Do you see the bird in the tree? 你看見樹上的鳥了嗎?How do you go to school? 你怎么去學(xué)校?She doesnt go shopping today. 她今

4、天不去購物?？键c(diǎn)二一般過去時(shí)1.一般過去時(shí)的用法及標(biāo)志詞一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要變?yōu)檫^去式。常與yesterday, last week, two days ago, in 2016等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。2.一般過去時(shí)的疑問句和否定句Did you have any problems on your journey? 你在旅途中有一些困難嗎?Were most people too busy making a living in early times?在早期,大部分人忙著謀生嗎? Modern soccer didnt become official u

5、ntil 1863.現(xiàn)代足球直到1863年才成為官方運(yùn)動(dòng)。動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則:(1)一般情況下,在動(dòng)詞原形后加ed。如:watchwatched。(2)以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加d。如:livelived。(3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,變y為i再加ed。如:studystudied; carrycarried; crycried。(4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞,先雙寫該輔音字母,再加ed。如:stopstopped; planplanned; preferpreferred。(5)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式需特殊記憶。(見中考搶分速遞)考點(diǎn)三一般將來時(shí)1.一般將來時(shí)的基本

6、結(jié)構(gòu)及用法(1)結(jié)構(gòu):“助動(dòng)詞shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形”或“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”。(2)用法:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或未來的狀態(tài),常用的時(shí)間狀語有 later (on), soon, in a month (in+時(shí)間段), next time, from now on, tomorrow等。I shall be eighteen years old next year.明年我就18歲了。表示某種必然的趨勢(shì)。Fish will die without water.沒有水,魚就會(huì)死。 (3)will和be going to的區(qū)別:will引導(dǎo)的將來時(shí),表示事情沒有經(jīng)過事先考慮而即

7、將發(fā)生,be going to引導(dǎo)的將來時(shí)表示事情經(jīng)過事先計(jì)劃、考慮而即將發(fā)生。They will arrive here tomorrow morning.明天早晨他們將抵達(dá)這里。Im going to see a film this afternoon.今天下午我要去看電影。2.一般將來時(shí)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句Dont worry.You wont be late.不用擔(dān)心,你不會(huì)遲到的。Will you leave for Beijing next week? 下周你要去北京嗎?Who is going to clean the classroom today? 今天該誰打掃教室了?考

8、點(diǎn)四現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法(1)結(jié)構(gòu): am/is/are+v.-ing形式(2)用法:表示目前正在發(fā)生(進(jìn)行)的動(dòng)作(不指狀態(tài)),常用的時(shí)間狀語有 now, at the moment 等。當(dāng)有l(wèi)ook, listen等起提示作用的詞時(shí),后面的句子常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Are you writing an email to your friend now?你現(xiàn)在正在給你的朋友寫郵件嗎?Listen! A girl is singing in the next room.聽!一個(gè)女孩正在隔壁唱歌。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行,而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。We are planting tree

9、s these days.這些天我們一直在植樹。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句v.-ing形式的變化規(guī)則:(1)一般直接在動(dòng)詞后加ing。如:playplaying(2)以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,去e加ing。如:comecoming; makemaking; liveliving(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞,先雙寫該輔音字母,再加ing。如:runrunning; sitsitting; beginbeginning (4)特殊:diedying; lielying; tietyingMary is listening to music in the next

10、 room now. 瑪麗現(xiàn)在正在隔壁房間聽音樂。Jack isnt playing football now. 杰克現(xiàn)在沒有在踢足球。Is Mike playing the piano in the room now? 邁克現(xiàn)在在屋里彈鋼琴嗎?【注意】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法:表示位移的動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)常表達(dá)將來之意,意為“打算,將要”,此類詞有come, go, leave, stay, arrive, start, finish, fly等,常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。如:Shes flying to Australia next month.下個(gè)月她將飛往澳大利亞。They are leavi

11、ng for England tomorrow afternoon.他們明天下午要去英格蘭。考點(diǎn)五過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法(1)結(jié)構(gòu): was/were+v.-ing形式(2)用法:過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某一時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Jack fell down while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.杰克騎自行車時(shí)摔倒了,弄傷了自己。(3)常用的時(shí)間狀語: this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, at this time yesterday, la

12、st evening 等。What were you doing at ten oclock last night? 你昨晚十點(diǎn)鐘在做什么? They were building a large house last week.上周他們一直在建造一所大房子。(過去某階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句I wasnt trying to annoy you.我沒想讓你煩惱。Were you working all weekend?你整個(gè)周末都在工作嗎?考點(diǎn)六現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法(1)結(jié)構(gòu): have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(2)用法:表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已

13、經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響,常與just, already, yet, recently, before, ever, never, twice, three times等連用。I have seen the film already. 我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。(現(xiàn)在我知道電影的內(nèi)容了)表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,“since+時(shí)間段+ago”,“since+從句(一般過去時(shí))”,“for+時(shí)間段”及how long, ever since, ever, before, so far, in the last/past few year

14、s, up to now, till now等連用。So far there has been no bad news.到現(xiàn)在為止還沒有什么壞消息。Weve planted thousands of trees in the past few years. 在過去幾年中,我們種了成千上萬棵樹。一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 一般過去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去發(fā)生過某事,關(guān)注的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等,與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響,因此,若不強(qiáng)調(diào)某事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響就不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。I saw the movie yesterday.昨天我看了這部電影。(強(qiáng)調(diào)電影是昨天看的

15、)I have already seen the film. 我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在為止看過這部電影了)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中,如果有表示持續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語,則要把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動(dòng)詞。I have had the book for two days.這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩天了。(用had而不用bought)I have been in Tokyo for two weeks.我已經(jīng)來東京兩周了。(用been in而不用come to)常見的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:have arrived at/in sp, have got to/reached sp, have come/g

16、one/moved to sphave been in sphave becomehave been have got uphave been uphave died have left sp have fallen asleep/gone to sleephave been asleephave finished/ended/completed_have marriedhave been married have begun have borrowed have boughthave hadhave caught/got a coldhave had a cold have got to k

17、nowhave known have joined the League/the Party/the armyhave been a member of the League/the Party/the army或have been in the League/the Party/the armyhave been deadhave been away from sphave been overhave been onhave kepthave been to, have gone to, have been in的區(qū)別:have been to表示“曾去過某地”,說話時(shí)已從該地回來,現(xiàn)在已不

18、在該地;have gone to表示“已去了某地”,說話時(shí)已到達(dá)某地或在去某地的途中,現(xiàn)在還未回來;have been in表示“已在某地待了多久”,后面跟副詞時(shí)不用in。Where is Mrs.Smith? 史密斯夫人在哪兒?She isnt here. She has gone to England.她不在這兒,她去了英格蘭。動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)考點(diǎn)一被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成:be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(2)一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):was/were+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(3)一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):will/shall/be going to+be+動(dòng)詞

19、的過去分詞(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):am/is/are+being+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(6)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):was/were+being+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(7)過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài): had+been+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(8)過去將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài): would+be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(9)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài): 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(10)在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, let以及感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel等后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式,在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式符號(hào)to要省略,但變?yōu)?/p>

20、被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),要還原to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):A stranger was seen _into the building.有人看見一個(gè)陌生人走進(jìn)了這座樓。to walk考點(diǎn)二某些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1.英語中有很多動(dòng)詞,如 break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash等,當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語的性質(zhì)特征時(shí),常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語通常是物。This kind of cloth .這種布料很好洗?！咀⒁狻恐鲃?dòng)

21、語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的性質(zhì)特征,而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較:The door wont lock.(指門本身有毛病)The door wont be locked.(指不會(huì)有人來鎖門,表示“門沒有鎖”是人為原因)washes well2.不及物動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語,如happen, last, take place, come out, come true, run out,以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。How do the newspapers come out? 這些報(bào)紙是如何出版的呢?3.系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由聽起來很合理

22、。4.下列結(jié)構(gòu)中的v.-ing形式是主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。(1)need, require當(dāng)“需要”講時(shí),其后常跟v.-ing形式。但當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞后接不定式時(shí),則必須用被動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。The bike needs mending. 這輛自行車需要修理。Our classroom needs to be cleaned.我們的教室需要打掃。(2)be worth doing sth值得做某事。The book is well worth reading. 這本書很值得一讀。中考真題演練1. Where did you go last weekend?I to the Great Wall.A

23、.go B.went C.will go D.have gone2. Please dont make so much noise.The baby now.A.sleeps B.slept C.will sleep D.is sleeping動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)BD中考真題演練3. Its nice to see you again.We each other since 2014.A.wont see B.dont see C.havent seen D.didnt see4. How do you usually go to school?I to school on foot.A.go B.we

24、nt C.was going D.will goCA中考真題演練5. My mother some washing when the telephone rang.A.does B.did C.is doing D.was doing 6. Lily is my classmate.We each other since she came to our school.A.know B.knew C.have known D.will knowDC 中考真題演練7. 2018北京 Bill likes reading.He picture books with his dad every eve

25、ning.A.read B.reads C.is reading D.has read8. 2018北京 Paul, what were you doing at nine last night?I a movie in the cinema with my friends.A.was watching B.watch C.have watched D.will watch 答案 7.B解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“every evening”可知,應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語He是單數(shù),所以動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。故選B。8.A解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問句中的時(shí)間狀語“at nine last night”可知

26、,句中動(dòng)作表示昨天晚上九點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的事情,用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。中考真題演練9. 2018北京David is a tennis player.He to play tennis when he was six years old.A.begins B.will begin C.began D.has begun10. 2018北京Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?Yes, he is.He history for nearly 20 years.A.teaches B.has taught C.is teaching D.will teach答案 9.C解析考查動(dòng)詞

27、時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句“when he was six years old”可知,主句時(shí)態(tài)使用一般過去時(shí)。故選C。10.B解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“for nearly 20 years”可知,句中使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選B。中考真題演練11. 2018萊蕪 Could you help me clean the floor, Bob?Wait a moment.I for some information about the World Cup.A.search B.have searched C.am searching D.was searching 12. 2018淮安 Have y

28、ou watched the movie Operation Red Sea? Not yet.I it with my friends tomorrow.A.watch B.have watched C.will watch D.am watching 答案 11.C解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Wait a moment.”可知,此時(shí)正忙著,臨時(shí)不能去掃地,故要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am searching。故選C。12.C中考真題演練13. 2018銅仁 I will go to Guangdong for my summer holiday, Mom.I will meet you when you

29、the airport.A.will reach B.reaches C.reached D.reach14. 2018銅仁 I called you at eight last night, but you didnt answer.What were you doing?I .A.took a shower B.was taking a shower C.take a shower D.have taken a shower答案 13.D解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在含有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中,主句用一般將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來,you為第二人稱。故選D。14.B解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)

30、態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“at eight last night”可知,此句表達(dá)的是昨天晚上八點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選B。中考真題演練15. 2018銅仁 Where is Mr.Brown?He Australia.He there last year.A.has been to; has been B.has been to; has gone C.has gone to; went D.went; went16. 2018青海改編 Its said all the train tickets during the holidays were sold out.Dont worry.

31、I two for us.A.get B.got C.have got D.was gettingCC 中考真題演練17. 2018蘭州 I will call you as soon as he here.A.arrive B.will arrive C.arrives D.arrived答案 C解析考查as soon as的用法。句意:他一到這兒我就給你打電話。as soon as意為“一就”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,如果指未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,通常主句用一般將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。故選C。中考真題演練18. 2018百色 Kitty, Im busy cooking.Can you give

32、 me a hand?Mum, just wait a moment.I my bed now.A.make B.will make C.am making D.making答案 C解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)答題空所在句中的時(shí)間狀語now可知,使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成:be+v.-ing形式。故選C。 中考真題演練19. 2018梧州 Millie in this factory since 1990.A.works B.worked C.has worked D.have worked20. 2018梧州 We will go camping if it tomorrow.A.raine

33、d B.doesnt rain C.will rain D.wont rain 答案 19.C解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“since 1990”可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語Millie是第三人稱單數(shù),故用has worked。故選C。20.B中考真題演練21. 2018日照 When will you give the novel back to me?Sorry, I it.How about Friday?A.didnt finish B.wont finish C.havent finished D.dont finish答案 C解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,讀那本小說從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間就已

34、經(jīng)開始了,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還沒有結(jié)束,故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。中考真題演練22. 2018阜康、米泉 Nobody can predict what in the future.So enjoy your life.A.will happen B.happens C.have happened D.happen23. 2018哈爾濱改編 I have seen the film The Jurassic World (侏羅紀(jì)世界).Its very interesting.Really? When you it?A.have; seen B.did; see C.will; see D.do;

35、 see24. 2018遼陽 Luckily, I arrived home before it .A.rains B.is raining C.rained D.will rainABC 中考真題演練25. 2018沈陽 Sarahmany places of interest in Beijing already.A.visitedB.has visitedC.will visitD.visits答案 B解析 考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。already (已經(jīng))多用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)影響或結(jié)果。故選B。中考真題演練26. The mobile phone in 1973.A.invents B.is

36、invented C.invented D.was invented 27. 2018北京 A new international airport in the city next year.A.completes B.is completed C.will complete D.will be completed28. 2018烏魯木齊 Can you go to the movies with me tonight?I have to ask my mum.If I, I will go with you.A.allow B.allowedC.am allowed D.was allowe

37、d動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)DDC 中考真題演練29. 2018梧州 Your hometown is beautiful, and the air is really fresh.Yes.Many trees and flowers around here every year.A.plant B.are planted C.was planted D.will plant答案B解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。主語Many trees and flowers 是動(dòng)作的承受者,所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài);再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語every year可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選B。中考真題演練30. 2018呼和浩特 People, espec

38、ially the young, by their friends.Thats true.Friends play an important part in everyones life.A.easily influences B.is easily influenced C.are easily influenced D.influenced easily31. 2018阜康、米泉 The boy thinks he shouldnt what to do because he is 18 now.A.tell B.tells C.telling D.be toldCD 中考真題演練32.

39、2018葫蘆島 Light-rail vehicle(輕軌) in our city in two years.Good news.A.builds B.built C.will be built D.is built答案 C解析 考查一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in two years可知,此處時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí),且主語與build之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此需用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選C。中考真題演練33. 2018曲靖 Nowadays China for its new “four great inventions”shared bicycles, electronic paymen

40、ts, high-speed railways and online shopping.A.was knowing B.was known C.is knowing D.is known34. 2018湘西改編 Your ring looks nice.Yes, and it in Thailand.A.makes B.made C.was made D.is making 答案 33.D解析 考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。be known for意為“因而知名”,根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Nowadays可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選D。34.C解析 考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語是動(dòng)作的承受者“戒指”,故采用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選C。

41、中考真題演練35. 2018湘潭改編 Chinese by more and more people around the world.A.is spoken B.speak C.speaking D.is speaking36. 2018十堰 Too much time on computer games by most teenagers every day.And their parents are worried about their health and study.A.spends B.is spent C.has spent D.spendingAB中考真題演練37. 2018

42、恩施改編 If you are caught smoking in the kitchen, you by your boss.A.will fire B.are fired C.will be fired D.were fired38. 2018咸寧 The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) in Beijing last year.Our country has been into a new era(時(shí)代) since then.A.held B.was held C.has held D.had heldCB 中考真題演練39.2018瀘

43、州 Two bridges over the river five years ago in our city.A.build B.built C.were built D.are built答案 C解析 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的表示過去的具體時(shí)間狀語five years ago可知,要用一般過去時(shí),再結(jié)合主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞bridges,并且它與動(dòng)詞build構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故此處要用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選C。中考真題演練40. 2018海南 Look at the trees on both sides of the streets.They last spring.A.planted

44、 B.were planted C.are planting D.were planting答案 B解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語last spring可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí);又因?yàn)閠rees是主語,是動(dòng)詞plant的承受者,故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。中考真題演練41. 2018貴港 Children under 12 years old ride sharing bikes.Its too dangerous.A.shouldnt allow to B.shouldnt allowC.shouldnt be allowed to D.shouldnt be allowed42.2018江西 Kids have to take many after-school classes. They hard to study for good grades.A.push B.are pushedC.are pushing D.have pushed答案 41.C42.B解析 考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。講述客觀事實(shí),要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語They (kids)與push之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選B。中考真題演練4