句子成分講解

1、主語謂語定語賓語同位語狀語句子成分講解定義：構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主語和謂語狀語、補足語、同位語次要成分：表語、賓語、定語、ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.句子成分意義充當成分例句主語表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名，代，數，不定式，動名詞，短語或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或怎么樣動詞或動詞詞組Sheisdancingunderthetree.賓語表示動作行為的對象同主語BothofuslikeEnglish.表語與聯(lián)系動詞連用，一

2、起構成謂語，說明主語的性質或特征同主語Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形，代，數，名，副，介詞短語或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.狀語修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞，表示動作發(fā)生的時間，地點，原因，目的，方式，結果等副詞，介詞短語或句子Heworksveryhard.TheyheldapartyinHollywood.主語（subject）句子說明的人或事物Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.（名詞）Shewentoutinahurry.（代詞）Fourplusfourisei

3、ght.（數詞）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Smokingisbadforhealth.（動名詞）Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.（名詞化的形容詞）Whathehassaidistrue.（句子）找出下列句中的主語：1、Thesunrisesintheeast.2、Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.3、Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.4、Seeingisbelieving.5、Toseeistobelieve.6、Helikesdancing.7、Whatheneedsisabook.8、I

4、tisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.謂語說明主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征簡單謂語:由動詞或動詞詞組組成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.復合謂語：由情態(tài)動詞或助動詞+動詞;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesntseemtolikedancing.找出下列句中的謂語（注：只有動詞才可作謂語。）：WeloveChina.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.HecanspeakEnglish.Sheseemstired.（

5、三）賓語動作的對象或承受者及物動詞或介詞的賓語Showyourpassport,please.（名詞）Shedidntsayanything.（代詞）Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.（數詞）Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.（名詞化的形容詞）Theyaskedtoseemypassport.（不定式）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動名詞）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（句子）（四）連系動詞,其后面的成分叫作表語。Thewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious

6、.Imnotquitemyselftoday.Thatremainsapuzzle.Idontfeelatease.找出下列句中的表語。Iamateacher.Theyareontheplayground.MyjobisteachingEnglish.Itgetscold.Itsoundsinteresting.常見的系動詞有be動詞，還有get,become,turn,grow等表“變得”的詞，和感觀動詞sound,look,smel,taste,feel等。（五）定語修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或從句Heisacleverboy.（形容詞）Hisfatherworksinasteelwo

7、rk.（名詞）Thereare54studentsinourclass.（數詞）Doyouknownbettyssister?（名詞所有格）Heboughtsomesleepingpills.（動名詞）Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.（現在分詞）Hisspokenlanguageisgood.（過去分詞）定語后置：如果定語是由一個單詞表示時，通常要前置。而由一個詞組或一個句子表示時，通常則后置Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouk

8、nowthemanwhospokejustnow?找出下列句子的定語。Theblackbikeismine.Sheisachemistryteacher.Themaninblueismybrother.Thegirlplayingthepianoismyyoungersister.Theladywhoiswearingreddressisournewteacher.（六）狀語狀語的功用：狀語說明地點、時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehe

9、gotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.Iwaitedtoseeyou.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Thisbookisveryinteresting.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.找出下列句中的狀語Weoftenhelphim.Ireallydontlikethefood.Hedidhishomeworkcarefullyathome.HermothergoesouttodosomeshoppingonSunday.WhenIgrowup,Iamgoingtobeadoctor.隨堂練習：分析下列句子結構：1)Youareastudent.2)Hefelthappytoday.3)Whatyousaidmademehappy.4)CouldyougivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell?5)Afterhefinishe