中考英語主謂一致

1、中考英語主謂一致課件第1頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日3、就近原則即謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。并列主語由連詞or、either or、neither nor、not only but also 等連接時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語一致。 Either you or I_ (be) mad.Either the teacher or the students (be) to blame.Not only the students but also their teacher (do) know about it.There be 句型中，也遵循就近原則。Th

2、ere (be) my wife and family to look after.There (be) an apple, two oranges and some bananas on the plate.amaredoesntisis第2頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日4、應(yīng)注意的若干問題（1）名詞作主語。集體名詞family, team, class, group, nation, world, government等作主語時(shí)，如果作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語用單數(shù)，反之用復(fù)數(shù)。 My family_ (be) going out for a trip.The who

3、le family _ (be) watching TV.這類詞還有audience、club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、party、public、等。 Population和“a group(crowd)of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”也適用于這種情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)部分用復(fù)數(shù)。某些集體名詞如people、police、cattle、oxen只當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)看待，謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。 The police _ (have) caught the thief. People _ (be) talking about the news.單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時(shí)

4、，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)意義決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。A sheep _ （be）over there. Some sheep_ (be) over there.isareisarehaveare第3頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日名詞所有格之后的名詞被省略，這種情況一般只指商店、工場、住宅等；作主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。 My uncles_ (be) not far from here.常見的省略名詞有the bakers ,the doctors,the Zhangs等。當(dāng)名詞詞組中心詞為表示度量、距離、金額、時(shí)間、書名等復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，往往可以根據(jù)意義一致的原則，把這些復(fù)數(shù)名詞看作一個(gè)整

5、體，謂語用單數(shù)。Thirty years _ (be) passed. Five minutes _ (be) enough to finish the task.不定代詞each、every、no所修飾的名詞即使以and或逗號(hào)連接成多個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：Each boy and each girl in my class _ (have) a dictionary.isisishas第4頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日如果主語有more than one 或many a 構(gòu)成，盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，它的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 More than on

6、e student _ (have) seen the play.Many a boy_ (have) bought that kind of toy.但是，“more + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + than one”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。More members than one (be) against your plan.一些由兩個(gè)部分構(gòu)成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語時(shí)，謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。Your trousers (be) too short.但如果主語用a kind of

7、、a pair of、a series of等加名詞構(gòu)成時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。 A pair of shoes _ (be) on the desk.hashasareareis第5頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日this kind of book = a book of this kind(這種書)，其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；短語this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口語)（這一類人），但this kind of men的謂語用單數(shù)，men of this kind和these kind of m

8、en的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，all kinds of后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。This kind of men _ (be) dangerous. Men of this kind_ (be) dangerous.復(fù)數(shù)形式的單、復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞作主語時(shí)，按意義一致的原則，用作單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)，反之，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。這類名詞有means、works、species(種類)、Chinese、Japanese等。當(dāng)它們的前面有 a、such a、this、that修飾時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)；有all、such、these、those修飾時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。The/This glass works (be) set up

9、 in 1980.The/These glass works (be) near the railway station.isarewasare第6頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日(11)如果名詞詞組中心詞是all、most、half、rest 、part等詞語，所指是復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，反之用單數(shù)。All of my students (be) working hard. All of the oil _ (be) gone.(12)在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。Between the two windows _ (hang) an o

10、il painting.（2）由連接詞連接的名詞作主語。用and或both and 連接并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果并列主語指的是同一個(gè)人，同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，這時(shí)and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。Truth and honesty _ (be) the best policy.To love and to be loved _ (be) the great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early _ (be) a good habit.A knife and fork_ (be) on the table.

11、areishangsareareisis第7頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日當(dāng)主語后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with、like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。The teacher as well as the students (be) excited.The room with its furniture

12、(be) rented.以or,either or,neither nor,not only but also等連接的詞作主語時(shí)，采取“就近原則”。Tom or his brothers (be) waiting in the room.Either you or he (be) to go.Neither you nor I nor anybody else (know) anything about it.is/wasis/wasareisknows第8頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日（3）代詞作主語。名詞性物主代詞后的動(dòng)詞，既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)，這取決于它所

13、代替的是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。 Ours (Our Party) _ (be) a great Party.Your shoes _ (be) white, mine (= my shoes)_ (be) black.such、the same起指示代詞作用時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)其所指的內(nèi)容來決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。Such _ (be) our plan. Such _ (be) his last words.關(guān)系代詞who、that、which等在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。I have two sisters, who (be) both students.The train ran o

14、ver a boy and his dog that (be) just crossing the track.The building which (stand) near the river is our school.isareareisarearewerestands第9頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日疑問詞who、what、which作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)說話人所要表達(dá)的意思決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。 “Who (live) next door?” “It is Xiao Liu.”“Who (live) next door?” “It is Wang and Li.”

15、不定代詞any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主語時(shí)，要注意下列情況：（A）單獨(dú)作主語時(shí)，視其在文中的意義，動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。Now all (have) been changed. All (be) present. Lets begin the meeting.（B）其后接of時(shí)，若of的賓語為不可數(shù)名詞，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若of的賓語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)；在正式文體中，單數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞更常用。 (do) any of you know about the accident? None of us (have) seen

16、 the film.liveslivehasareDose/dohas/have第10頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日（4）分?jǐn)?shù)、量詞作主語?！胺?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù) +of +名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, a variety of, the rest of + 名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致，這是因?yàn)槎陶Z中后面的名詞是中心詞，而名詞前面的量詞是修飾語。Lots of damage_ (be) caused b

17、y flood.A lot of students _ (have) gone to the countryside.A large quantity of beer _ (be) sold.(large) quantities of 修飾少數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。large amounts of修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。Quantities of food (be) on the table.Large amounts of money (be) spent on the bridge.washavewasare/werewere第11頁，共21頁，20

18、22年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日 表示數(shù)量的one and a half后，名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是其短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。One and a half apples_ (be) left on the table. half of、(a) part of修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)及不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Half of the fruit (be) bad.Half of the apples (be) bad. a (great) number of, many, a few修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。a little, much,

19、 a great deal of, a large amount of修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。A number of students (have) gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.A great deal of trouble (lie) before us.isisarehavelies第12頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日 the number of +可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，the amount of +不可數(shù)名詞，the quantity of +可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成的短

20、語作主語時(shí)謂語用單數(shù)。The number of students in our school (be) increasing.The quantity of books in the library (be) amazing.The quantity of heat in the office (have) not been increased.The amount of money (be) great.(5)名詞化的形容詞作主語。如果主語由“the + 形容詞（或過去分詞）”結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)時(shí)，謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù)。這類詞有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured

21、、the living、the wounded等。The blind (study) in special schools. 但指個(gè)別時(shí)用單數(shù)。The departed （死者） (be) a well-known engineer.（6）從句作主語。由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，但所指的具體內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。What we need _ (be) more money.What we need_ (be) more teachers. isishasisstudywasisare第13頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日在“one

22、of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + who/that/which”引導(dǎo)的從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞who/that/which的先行詞是靠近它的復(fù)數(shù)名詞而不是one，因此從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是當(dāng)one前有the only等修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞的先行詞是one, 因此從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。This is one of the most interesting stories that _ (have) been told by my father.She was the only one of the girls who_ (be) late for class today.（7）非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語

23、時(shí)，其謂語用單數(shù)形式。To see (be) to believe.Seeing (be) believing.（8）the +姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語表示“某人一家人”時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)The Turners (be) sitting at the breakfast table.havewasisisare第14頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日二、精典名題導(dǎo)解（選擇填空）1. One-third of the area _ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees _ been planted.

24、A. are; have B. is; has C. is; haveD. are; has 2. The number of teachers in our college _ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in this school _ from the countryside. A. was; isB. was; are C. were; areD. were; is 3. What _ the population of China? One-third of the population _ workers her

25、e. A. is; areB. are; are C. is; isD. are; is 4. Not only he but also we _ right. He as well as we _ right. A. are; areB. are; is C. is; isD. is; are5. What hed like _ a digital watch. What hed like _ textbooks. A. are; areB. is; is C. is; areD. are; isCBABC第15頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日6. He is one

26、 of the boys who _ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _ here on time. A. has come; have come B. have come; has come C. has come; has come D. have come; have come 7. Either you or he _ interested in playing chess. _ you or he fond of music at present? A. are; AreB. is; Are C. are; Is D.

27、 is; Is8. Many a professor _ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists _ studied animals and plants in the last two years. A. is; haveB. is; has C. are; have D. is; are 9. A knife and a fork _ on the table. A knife and fork _ on the table. A. is; isB. are; are C. are; is D. is; are 10

28、. Her family _ much larger than mine four years ago. Her family _ dancing and singing when I came in last night. A. were; wasB. was; wereC. was; was D. were; were BBACB第16頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日11. How and why Jack came to China _ not known. When and where to build the new library _ not been de

29、cided. A. is; hasB. are; has C. is; have D. are; have12. Now Tom together with his classmates _ football on the playground. A. playB. are playing C. playsD. is playing13. Two hundred and fifty pounds _ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car. A. is B. are C. were D. be14. All but Dick _ in Cl

30、ass Three this term. A. are B. is C. were D. was15. Soon after the earthquake, every man, woman and child _ about it. A. were talking B. was talking C. talkD. talksADAAB第17頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日16. We each _ strong points and each of us on the other hand _ weak points. A. have; have B. has; ha

31、ve C. has; has D. have; has17. My friend and classmate Paul _ motorcycles in his spare time. A. raceB. races C. is raced D. is racing18. There _ a pen, two pencils, and three books on the desk. A. are B. is C. has D. have19. The factory, including its machines and buildings, _ burnt last night. A. is B. are C. were D. was20. Climbing hills _ of great help to health. A. is B. are C. were D. beDBBDA第18頁，共21頁，2022年，5月20日，5點(diǎn)18分，星期日21. Time and tide _ for no man. A. waitB. waited C. is