2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞考點講解含解析

1、2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞考點講解含解析2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞考點講解含解析2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞考點講解含解析非謂語動詞知識點一、非謂語動詞作狀語1非謂語動詞作目的狀語,要想到用不定式；To succeed, we must make good preparation.要取得成功必須做好準備。2非謂語動詞作伴隨狀語，要想到用現(xiàn)在分詞；The students rushed out of the classroom, laughing and talking.學(xué)生們又說又笑地沖出教室。3非謂語動詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果要想到用不定式,表示必然的結(jié)果

2、要想到用現(xiàn)在分詞；He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left。他匆匆趕到車站結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)離開了.(表出乎意料的結(jié)果）（陜西卷）More highways have been built in China, making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.中國又建了更多高速公路，這使人們從一處到另一處的出行變得更容易了。（表結(jié)果）4非謂語動詞作原因狀語，表示“喜怒哀樂”的形容詞要想到用不定式；非謂語動詞作時間狀語、條件狀

3、語和原因狀語等要想到用分詞。I am only too glad to see everything settled。看到一切問題都解決了，我很高興.Being tired, he went to bed early.因為很累,他很早就睡了。Seeing the police, the thieves ran away。看到警察,小偷就跑了。源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)的部分過去分詞作狀語,表示句子主語所處的一種狀態(tài),常見的有seated(坐著的），devoted（專注的)，lost/absorbed in（沉溺于),dressed in(穿著）等。 【特別提醒】Absorbed in his book, h

4、e didnt notice me enter the room.他專注讀書，沒注意到我進入房間.知識點二 非謂語動詞作定語非謂語動詞類別用法動詞不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作動名詞表示用途分詞現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作主動進行或者正在進行中過去分詞表示動作被動完成或者單純表示已經(jīng)完成We are preparing for the mid。term examination to be held next week.我們正在為下周將要舉行的期中考試做準備。The lecture， starting（which was starting）at 7：00 pm。 last night, was followed

5、by an observation of the moon with telescopes。講座于昨晚七點開始，隨后是用望遠鏡觀察月球。Tsinghua University， founded in 1911， is home to a great number of outstanding figures。清華大學(xué)建立于1911年，是許多杰出人物的搖籃?！咎貏e提醒】不定式作定語時，若句子主語是不定式動作的執(zhí)行者，則用主動形式表被動含義；若句子主語不是不定式動作的執(zhí)行者，則用被動形式表被動含義。 She has a sister to look after.她有一個妹妹需要照顧。(she是lo

6、ok after的執(zhí)行者）I want to go to Beijing.Do you have anything to be bought?我要去北京，你有什么東西需要買嗎？(you不是buy的執(zhí)行者)知識點三 非謂語動詞作賓語1只接不定式作賓語的動詞：agree,intend，plan,demand，promise，help，prepare，decide，refuse，choose，wish，hope，want,expect,fail，pretend，manage,determine，beg，arrange，threaten，claim，hesitate，happen等。2只接v。.ing

7、形式作賓語的動詞：admit,avoid,consider，escape，imagine，mind，miss，practise,suggest，feel like，give up，put off，object to,look forward to等。3接不定式與接v。ing形式有顯著區(qū)別的動詞：(1）try to do 盡力做；try doing 試著去做；（2) mean to do打算做；mean doing 意味著；（3） regret to do遺憾要去做；regret doing后悔做過；（4）remember to do 記得去做；remember doing記得做過；(5) fo

8、rget to do忘記去做；forget doing 忘記做了。4動詞want，need，require作“需要”講時，其后要用v.ing形式的主動形式或不定式的被動語態(tài)作賓語。與此用法相同的動詞還有deserve（值得）。5介詞后一般要接v.。ing形式作賓語，但介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語，若前有實義動詞do，不定式要省略to。He got well。prepared for the job interview，for he couldnt risk losing the good opportunity。他為這次工作面試做好了充分準備，因為他不能冒失去這次好機會的風(fēng)險。We

9、 agreed to meet here but so far she hasnt turned up yet。我們約好在此地見面,但是她到現(xiàn)在還沒有露面。What a poor memory！I forgot borrowing money from him yesterday。But today I forgot to return the money to him.多么差的記憶力！昨天我忘了向他借過錢，但今天我又忘了把錢還給他。【特別提醒】不定式作動詞(短語）learn，decide，know，wonder，show，tell,understand，explain，teach，advis

10、e,find out等的賓語時，前面常帶引導(dǎo)詞how，what，whether,where，when，who等. 知識點四 非謂語動詞作賓補1現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補時，句中的賓語往往就是其邏輯主語，該動詞與賓語之間存在主謂關(guān)系,并且現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補強調(diào)正在進行的主動動作?？山蝇F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補的常見動詞:感官動詞(see，watch,observe，look，notice,hear,listen，feel），使役動詞（have，get），find，leave，keep，catch等。I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the t

11、ree to catch its breakfast.我抬頭注意到一條蛇蜿蜒著爬上樹去捕捉它的早餐。He had the light burning all night，which made his parents very angry。他讓燈亮了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。Its wrong to leave the computer working.讓電腦一直開著是不對的。I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.對不起讓你久等了。I found a number of people already working there.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人

12、已經(jīng)在那兒工作了.2過去分詞作賓補過去分詞作賓補時，句中的賓語往往就是其邏輯主語，該動詞與賓語之間存在動賓關(guān)系?？山舆^去分詞作賓補的常見動詞：感官動詞(see，watch，observe,look，notice,hear，listen，feel），使役動詞(have，make,let，get)，find，leave，keep等。When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后,我們決定在家過假期.You should keep me informed of hi

13、s whereabouts.你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。The old found his hometown much changed。這位老人發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。He left much work unfinished because he was ill.因為生病，他留下許多工作未做.3不定式作賓補（1）常帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞（短語）：advise，allow，ask,cause,command，encourage,expect,forbid，force，get，invite，leave,order，permit，persuade，prefer，request,warn，wish,ca

14、ll on，depend upon等。（2)常接不帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞(短語)：help，使役動詞（make，have，let），感官動詞。如果這些動詞或短語用于被動語態(tài),則to不可省略.動詞help后的不定式符號to可以省略，也可以保留.We hurriedly ended the meeting，leaving many problems to be settled。我們匆忙結(jié)束了會議,留下很多問題要解決。4with賓語賓補（1）with賓語doing(表示主動且進行)（2)with賓語done(表示被動且完成）（3）with賓語to do(表示將來）The old couple o

15、ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following them.這老兩口常常在晚飯后到公園里散步，他們的寵物狗則在后面跟著.John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it。約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newly elected president is hav

16、ing a hard time。因為有很多難題要解決,這位新任總統(tǒng)的日子不好過?！咎貏e提醒】(1）使役動詞（make，have，let 等）及感官動詞(see，watch，observe，hear，notice 等）后作賓補的不定式不帶to。但用于被動語態(tài)（let除外）時，作主補的不定式一定要加上to。（2)下列結(jié)構(gòu)中用不定式作主補：sb.be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thoughtto do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been done sth。 The director h

17、ad her assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.經(jīng)理讓她的助手為會議買一些熱狗.He is thought to have invented the first telephone in the world.人們認為他發(fā)明了世界上第一部電話。知識點五 非謂語動詞作主語和表語1非謂語動詞作主語不定式作主語表示某一具體的、尤其是未發(fā)生的動作；v。ing形式作主語表示抽象的、泛指的動作，尤其是一般行為傾向.兩者可位于句首,也可用it作形式主語，而把不定式或v。ing形式后置。下列句型常用v.。ing形式作主語：It is/was no u

18、se/no good/of little use （good) doing sth.。Hearing how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.聆聽別人對你剛才所讀的書的反應(yīng)會增加額外的樂趣。It is no good learning without practice。只學(xué)習(xí)不實踐沒有好處。Its not easy to learn English well。Reading as much as possible is necessary.學(xué)好英語不容易，廣泛閱讀是有必要的。2非謂語動詞

19、作表語v。ing形式作表語時，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征;不定式作表語時,說明主語尚未發(fā)生的動作，或表示將來的動作。What she likes is watching children play.她喜歡的事情就是看孩子們玩耍。His ambition is to go Harvard University.他的夢想就是上哈佛大學(xué)。知識點六 非謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)非謂語動詞形式意義不定式一般時完成時主動：to do不定式動作與謂語動作同時發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動作之后被動：to be done進行時to be doing謂語動作發(fā)生時，不定式表示的動作正在進行完成時主動:to have done不定式動作

20、發(fā)生在謂語動作之前被動:to have been done非謂語動詞形式意義動詞。ing形式一般時主動：doing分詞動作與謂語動作（幾乎）同時發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動作之后被動：being done完成時主動：having done表示分詞動作先于謂語動作發(fā)生被動：having been done過去分詞done表示被動與完成提醒having been done與done作狀語時沒有明顯區(qū)別，可互換,但having been done不能作定語。不及物動詞的過去分詞，只表示完成，不表示被動There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in t

21、he middle of the grassland，staring at the night sky。沒有什么能比躺在草地中央凝視著夜空讓人感到更高興的事兒了。I got to the office earlier that day，having caught the 7：30 train from Paddington.那天我比平時到辦公室的時間要早,因為我趕上了7:30從Paddington來的火車.Having been asked to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film。我那天晚上因為被要求加班而錯過了一場精彩的

22、電影。His first book to be published is based on a true story。即將出版的他的第一本書是基于一個真實的故事寫的.【方法技巧】非謂語動詞解題四步驟第一步：利用“有無連詞”原則確定謂語還是非謂語.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),判斷出句子的主干-主語和謂語。如果題線處作謂語，則要用謂語動詞，如果題線處不作謂語，則要用非謂語動詞。第二步：根據(jù)句意和作用確定句子成分。根據(jù)句意和題線處在句中的位置和作用,確定其所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?，從而確定空格處所需填入的非謂語動詞的形式。第三步：根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定語態(tài)。如果非謂語動詞表示的動作與其邏輯主語之間為主謂關(guān)系則用v。in

23、g形式或不定式的主動式；若為動賓關(guān)系則用v。ing形式的被動式、不定式的被動式或過去分詞.第四步：根據(jù)與謂語動詞的先后關(guān)系確定時態(tài).非謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前用過去分詞或v.ing形式的完成時或不定式的完成時；若同時進行用v.。ing形式或不定式的進行時；若非謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之后用不定式的一般時。高頻考點一、非謂語動詞作狀語例1、(2019江蘇卷)_ the convenience of digital payment， many senior citizens started to use smart phones.ATo enjoy BEnj

24、oyingCTo have enjoyed DEnjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了享受電子支付的便利，許多老年人開始使用智能手機.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這里表示目的，故用動詞不定式作目的狀語?！九e一反三】(2018江蘇卷）Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period， _ the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts.Ahaving exceeded Bto exceedCexceeded Dexceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這段時間

25、大約13 500個新的工作崗位被創(chuàng)造了出來，超過了市場分析人士預(yù)計的12 000個.exceed與主語是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故選擇exceeding?！咀兪教骄俊浚?018北京卷）During the MidAutumn Festival, family members often gather together _ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.Ashare Bto shareChaving shared Dshared【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在中秋節(jié)期間，家庭成員常常歡聚一堂，享受大餐、賞月并品嘗月餅.根據(jù)句意以及句

26、子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用不定式作目的狀語?！咀兪教骄俊緿ue to the newly.discovered flu， a general anxiousness developed and spread， _ a sharp decrease of dining out。Acaused Bhaving causedCto cause Dcausing【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:因為這種最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的流感，一種普遍的焦慮情緒滋生出來并且不斷蔓延，這導(dǎo)致外出吃飯的人數(shù)急劇減少。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,cause與其邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用v。.ing形式作結(jié)果狀語，所以選D。高頻考點二 非謂語動詞作

27、定語例2(2019天津卷)Most colleges now offer first。year students a course specially _ to help them succeed academically and personally.Adesigned BdesigningCto design Dbeing designed【答案】A【解析】考查過去分詞。句意：大多數(shù)大學(xué)現(xiàn)在給大一學(xué)生提供一門專門設(shè)計的來幫助他們在學(xué)術(shù)和個人事務(wù)上成功的課程。此處course與design之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故選A?！九e一反三】(2017江蘇卷）Many Chi

28、nese brands，_their reputations over centuries， are facing new challenges from the modern market。Ahaving developed Bbeing developedCdeveloped Ddeveloping【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。本句的主語Many Chinese brands與develop存在主動關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞，又根據(jù)句中的時間狀語over centuries可知，此處應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。故答案為A.【變式探究】In art criticism, you must ass

29、ume the artist has a secret message _ within the work。Ato hide BhiddenChiding Dbeing hidden【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，message與hide是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系,因此應(yīng)該使用過去分詞作后置定語。【變式探究】Shanghai has become the first city in China _ road test plates for autonomous driving trucks， issuing a plate to technology companies TuSim

30、ple and Momenta each， according to Jiefang Daily.Ahaving issued Bto issueCissuing Dissued【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:據(jù)解放日報報道,上海已成為中國第一個頒發(fā)自動駕駛卡車道路測試牌照的城市，給技術(shù)公司TuSimple和Momenta各頒發(fā)了一張牌照。根據(jù)句中的“the first”可知此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作后置定語。故選B。高頻考點三、非謂語動詞作賓語例3、（2018天津卷)I didnt mean _ anything but the ice cream looked so good that

31、I couldnt help _ it.Ato eat；to try Beating；tryingCeating；to try Dto eat;trying【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。從句意看，第一空所在部分用mean to do sth。表示“打算做某事，第二空用couldnt help doing sth。表示“忍不住做某事”，因此選D?！九e一反三】After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress,Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her care

32、er。Ato thank BthankingChaving thanked Dto have thanked【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎之后,Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的職業(yè)生涯中幫助過她的人。 go on 后接to do或doing作賓語均可，但是go on doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)做同一件事,而go on to do sth.則表示“繼續(xù)做另一件事。由語境可知,Anne Benedict在拿獎后又繼續(xù)做另一件事，即“感謝所有幫助過她的人，故用go on to do sth?！咀兪教骄俊緼cceptance is not abou

33、t liking a situation.It is about acknowledging all that has been lost and_to live with that loss。Alearning BlearnedCto learn Dhaving learned【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：接受不是關(guān)于喜歡一種狀況。它是關(guān)于承認所有已經(jīng)失去的和學(xué)會帶著損失生活下去。題干中acknowledging和learning做about的并列賓語，故選A?！咀兪教骄俊縏here is a strict limit of 13 days in the challenging r

34、ace through the Arctic，although most competitors end up_ long before that。Ato retire BretiredChaving retired Dretiring【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:穿越北冰洋的13天挑戰(zhàn)賽有嚴格的限制，盡管參賽者都已在很久之前就退出了。end up后跟v.ing形式，意為：以為結(jié)束。故選D。高頻考點四、非謂語動詞作賓補例4（2018天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _Ataking Btake

35、nCbeing taken Dtake【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。從句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)看,本空在句中作賓補，動詞take與my photograph之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞，因此選B.【舉一反三】Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr。Lee was very happy to see his mother _ good care of at home。Ataking BtakenCtake Dbe taken【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞.句意:李博士在非洲進行了兩年的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，回來后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很

36、好他很高興.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是“see賓語賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語補足語可以是 do，doing或者done. 若賓語與補語之間是主動關(guān)系，且強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，用省略to的動詞不定式，即do； 若賓語與補語之間是主動關(guān)系，且強調(diào)動作正在進行，用doing； 若賓語與補語之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓補。此處his mother與take good care of之間是被動關(guān)系,故選B項.【變式探究】Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _ live is quite another。Aperform Bperf

37、ormingCto perform Dbeing performed【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在家聽音樂是一回事，去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂完全是另一回事。題干中含有“hear賓語賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語it(指代music）與perform之間存在被動關(guān)系，且此處表示去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂，故應(yīng)用being performed作賓語補足語?！咀兪教骄俊縃ave you seen the boys_Little Apple?Thats such a beautiful scene that I dare not have my eyes_on it。Adancing；fixing

38、Bdance；fixingCdance;fixed Dto dance；fixed【答案】C【解析】 考查非謂語動詞。句意: 你看見男孩們跳小蘋果了嗎？那是如此美的場景，我都不敢看.see sb.do sth?？匆娔橙俗瞿呈拢籬ave ones eyes fixed on sth。某人的眼凝視在上。根據(jù)句意選C。高頻考點五、非謂語動詞作主語和表語例5(2019天津卷）_ to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.ALearn BLearnedCLearning DHavi

39、ng learned【答案】C【解析】考查動名詞。句意：學(xué)會批判性地思考是當(dāng)今兒童未來所需的一項重要技能.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句的謂語動詞是is,is之前的內(nèi)容是主語,故此處應(yīng)用動名詞短語作主語，表示一般性的陳述概念，故選C.【舉一反三】（2018北京卷）_ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.ATravel BTravelingCHaving traveled DTraveled【答案】B【解析】考查動詞的非謂語形式。句意：沿著古老的絲綢之路旅行是一種有趣且有益的體驗。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用動

40、名詞作主語.【變式探究】For those with family members far away，the personal computer and the phone are important in staying_Aconnected Bconnecting Cto connect Dto be connected【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：對那些與家人離得比較遠的人來說，個人電腦和電話在保持聯(lián)系方面很重要。本句中的關(guān)鍵詞是stay（保持)，它是一個連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語.A項connected是形容詞，意為“有聯(lián)系的，有來往的，符合句意。stay connected

41、是“stay形容詞化的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。本題中的staying connected和keeping in touch表達同一個意思?！咀兪教骄俊縒e should bear in mind that _ aloud in public is a good way to develop our level of confidence.Ahaving spoken Bto be spokenCspeaking Dspeak 【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞.句意：我們應(yīng)該記?。涸诠矆龊洗舐曋v話是提高我們的自信心的一個好方法.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式。故選C。高

42、頻考點六 非謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)例6The film star wears sunglasses。Therefore，he can go shopping without _Arecognizing Bbeing recognizedChaving recognized Dhaving been recognized【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：那位影星戴著墨鏡,因此他可以在沒人認出的情況下購物了。without為介詞，后面接動名詞形式；The film star與recognize之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用動名詞的被動式，即“being done”結(jié)構(gòu)。此題易誤選D項，having b

43、een done為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式，不作介詞的賓語?！九e一反三】_ for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.ATo work BWorkedCTo be working DHaving worked【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：工作了兩天，史蒂夫設(shè)法如期完成了他的報告。首先，work的動作發(fā)生在managed to finish。.之前,故用完成時；Steve與work之間是主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故用Having worked?！咀兪教骄俊縏here are still many problems

44、 _before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon。Asolving BsolvedCbeing solved Dto be solved【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在我們準備在月球上長住之前，還有很多問題需要解決。由There are可知設(shè)空處為非謂語動詞作后置定語，修飾problems，根據(jù)時間狀語從句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可知,動作solve發(fā)生在將來，故用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，而且problems與solve之間存在被動關(guān)系,故用不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu).【變式探究】_ a

45、 good writer， you must find a quiet place where you can think, preferably one with limited accessibility。ABecomingBTo becomeCHaving become DBecome【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞.句意：要成為一名好作家,你必須找到一個你能思考的安靜之處,最好是一個限制(其他人)進入的地方。根據(jù)句意，空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語.1.(2019江蘇卷）_ the convenience of digital payment， many senior citizens

46、started to use smart phones.ATo enjoy BEnjoyingCTo have enjoyed DEnjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞.句意：為了享受電子支付的便利,許多老年人開始使用智能手機。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這里表示目的，故用動詞不定式作目的狀語。2(2019天津卷）Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially _ to help them succeed academically and personally。Adesigned BdesigningCto design D

47、being designed【答案】A【解析】考查過去分詞。句意：大多數(shù)大學(xué)現(xiàn)在給大一學(xué)生提供一門專門設(shè)計的來幫助他們在學(xué)術(shù)和個人事務(wù)上成功的課程。此處course與design之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作后置定語.故選A。3(2019天津卷)_ to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future。ALearn BLearnedCLearning DHaving learned【答案】C【解析】考查動名詞。句意:學(xué)會批判性地思考是當(dāng)今兒童未來所需的一項重要技能.分析句子

48、結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句的謂語動詞是is，is之前的內(nèi)容是主語，故此處應(yīng)用動名詞短語作主語,表示一般性的陳述概念，故選C.1（2018江蘇卷）Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod, _ theexpectednumber of 12,000 heldby marketanalysts.A. havingexceeded B. toexceedC. exceeded D. exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語動詞.句意：在這期間，大約創(chuàng)造13，500個新的工作，超過市場分析師持有的12，000個的預(yù)期數(shù)量。分析全句可知，這里指前一件事情所帶來

49、自然而然的結(jié)果,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故選D.2、(2018天津卷） I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.A. taking B。 takenC。 being taken D. take【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞.句意：我需要一個新護照，所以我將不得不拍照片.本題考查非謂語動詞作賓語補足語，賓語my photograph與補足語之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補足語.C項表示正在進行。故選B。3、（2018北京卷）Ordinary soap， _ correctly, can deal with b

50、acteria effectively。A。 used B。 to use C. using D。 use【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果正確使用的話,普通的肥皂可以有效地處理細菌.Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_ correctly是條件狀語,修飾ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之間是被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞，A選項正確.1（2017江蘇卷）Many Chinese brands， _ their reputations over centuries， are facing

51、new challenges from the modern market。A. having developed B。 being developed C。 developed D。 developing【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。brands是邏輯主語，和develop是主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示伴隨狀況；再根據(jù)over centuries可知，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，故選A。2(2017江蘇卷） Many Chinese brands, _ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from th

52、e modern market。A. having developed B。 being developed C. developed D. developing【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。brands是邏輯主語，和develop是主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示伴隨狀況；再根據(jù)“over centuries”可知，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,故選A。句意：許多中國品牌,享譽數(shù)百年，現(xiàn)在正面臨著來自現(xiàn)代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)。3(2017北京）Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their

53、 valuable time.A. save B。 savingC. to save D。 saved【答案】C【解析】 句意：許多航空公司現(xiàn)在允許乘客網(wǎng)上打印他們的登機牌來節(jié)省時間。此處是動詞不定式表目的，故選C。4（2017北京)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.A. ranging B. range C。 to range D。 ranged【答案】A【解析】句意：國家公園有許多的野生動物，包括從蝴蝶到大象等等。此處野生動物和range之間是主動關(guān)系,

54、用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選A.5(2017北京）Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _ with his students.A. to spend B。 spend C. spending D. spent【答案】D【解析】句意：Jim已經(jīng)退休了，但是他依然記得和學(xué)生一起度過的快樂時光。句子已經(jīng)有了謂語，空格只能填非謂語動詞，邏輯主語是time，和spend之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞spent。6（2017天津）The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _

55、more patients to be treated。A. being allowed B。 allowing C. having allowed D。 allowed【答案】B【解析】句意:近期這個醫(yī)院購進了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，允許更多的病人被治療。前句購進醫(yī)療設(shè)備和后面允許更多的病人被治療之間是必然的結(jié)果關(guān)系,用doing即現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,表示順理成章的結(jié)果.A. being allowed 表示被動且正在進行 C。 having allowed 強調(diào)先于謂語動詞發(fā)生 D. allowed 表示被動且完成，故選B。7（2017天津）I was watching the clock all

56、through the meeting, as I had a train _。A。 catching B. caught C。 to catch D. to be caught【答案】C【解析】句意：在整個會議期間我一直在看鐘表，因為我要去敢火車。根據(jù)上文判斷出as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，根據(jù)have在本句中，詞義為“有”,根據(jù)固定結(jié)構(gòu) Sb have sth to do 某人又某事要做（在本句中to do 由主語完成)，根據(jù)句意判斷出本句符合本結(jié)構(gòu).故選C。1（2016新課標，66).a TV show in the mid.1980s，when I was the first Western

57、TV reporter_(permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.【答案】permitted【解析】句意:那時我是第一個被允許拍攝一個特殊的關(guān)于照料的單元的西方電視臺記者。TV reporter和permit之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作后置定語。2(2016新課標，67)My ambassadorial duties will include _（introduce）British visitors to the 120。plus pandas at Chengdu

58、and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.【答案】introducing【解析】句意：我的大使職責(zé)將包括把英國參觀者介紹給成都的120多只大熊貓及其他一些在碧峰峽霧山中一個研究中心里的熊貓們.include為及物動詞，后面應(yīng)用動名詞形式作賓語。3（2016新課標,49)If you find something you love doing outside of the office,youll be less likely _(bring)your work home?！敬鸢浮縯o bring【解析

59、】句意:如果你在辦公室外面發(fā)現(xiàn)了你喜歡做的事情,你就不太可能把工作帶回家去做。be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”。4(2016新課標,63)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _（create）special designs.【答案】to create【解析】句意：熟練的工匠也把硬木和金屬結(jié)合在一起制作特殊的圖案。此處為動詞不定式作目的狀語。5（2016新課標,64)People probably cooked their food in large pots，_(use）twigs（樹枝)to

60、remove it。【答案】using【解析】句意：人們或許在大鍋中做飯，用樹枝把它弄出來。主語people與use之間為主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。6(2016四川，64)For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something _（eat)!【答案】to eat【解析】句意：她25天都沒有離開過她的孩子，甚至沒找吃的東西。修飾不定代詞something應(yīng)用動詞不定式作后置定語。7（2016浙江，1)Are you sure youre ready for the test?-No problem.Im well _（