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1、初中英語讀寫綜合信息歸納第1頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一讀寫綜合主要考查考生的語言實際運用能力,它主要考查考生從短文或信件中提取、歸納自己所需要信息并能夠恰當運用所歸納的信息來表達自己的思想、敘述自己的觀點的能力。它由兩部分組成:A 部分是信息歸納,其形式常為表格、圖片或短文等,要求考生不僅能讀懂文字信息,而且能夠按照一定的要求記錄和篩選信息并填入信息卡中。B 部分是書面表達,與傳統(tǒng)的書面表達的要求基本一致,但其內容一定要與 A 部分的信息歸納相關。它要求考生根據從 A 部分整理出來的信息以及題目的要求和提示,寫一篇語言準確、文理通順、意思連貫的短文、日記、信件等

2、。第2頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一一、信息歸納A 部分的信息歸納實際上就是任務型閱讀理解,要想做好此部分的題目,必須做到以下幾點:1了解文字信息的大意。主要了解“5w1h”:what, who, when, why, where 和 how。例(2011 年廣東)The date of Earth Hour in 201181解析本題涉及的是“地球日”的時間。由短文的第一句“From 8:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. on Saturday, March 26th, 2011,a great number of people around the wo

3、rld turned off the lights forEarth Hour.” 可 知 人 們 為 地 球 日 關燈 的 時 間 為 “March 26th, 2011”,因題干已給出年份,故答案為 March 26th。第3頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一2明確任務。解題前要先明確題目要求,做到心中有數,然后帶著問題再讀文章,搜尋目標。要在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分,快速準確地抓住有效信息,確保答題的準確性。例(2012 年廣東)The thing that the kid did on the underground82.解析本題的任務讓考生找出 Th

4、e thing that the kid did onthe underground (那個孩子在地鐵上所做的事)。明確任務后,根據題干所包括的信息,由原文中的“I saw a kid eating noodles onthe underground”就可以知道答案應該為“Eating noodles.”。第4頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一3注意答案要符合題目要求。若是寫單詞,則要注意拼寫是否正確,詞形、詞性有無變化,是否需要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子成分,則需謹慎對待,依據所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需要用什么樣的表達方式,不可草率地將文中信息直接挪用

5、。第5頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一例(2012 年廣東)Wu Peigens age84解析本題是要考生找出“吳培根的年齡”,該題的信息點包含在原文的“I am a 14-year-old boy from a poor village inFuyang, Anhui Province.”中。但考生在答題時要能分析題干要求的句子成分,本題是表語,一般由形容詞充當。若考生直接將原文中的信息點“14-year-old”搬過來就錯了,因為它是一個定語,考生需要將其轉換成“14 years old/Fourteen years old.”,也可直接簡略成“14/Fourt

6、een.”,同時注意首字母大寫。第6頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一二、書面表達 從近幾年的中考試題來看,書面表達主要以提示性作文為主,即題目中已為考生提供了寫作內容,且內容一般與考生生活貼近,讓考生能“有話可說”,考生只需進行適當的展開和合理的想象,把規(guī)定的內容用英語表達出來。題目中經常要求列舉一件生活中的事情,或描述一件自己身邊的事例,這是本題的難點。書面表達的寫作內容與 A 部分的信息歸納內容相關,所以考生還要注意不能照抄 A 部分的文字信息。從中考作文的評分標準來看,書面表達有四點要求:(1)內第7頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一容完

7、整;(2)語句連貫;(3)語法正確;(4)書寫規(guī)范。要想寫好書面表達,考生可按照以下步驟進行:1.審清題目要求,明確寫作目的,防止跑題。根據給定的信息看懂題意,明確寫作的目的,以及寫作的內容、主體時態(tài)、地點和人物;同時還要注意文體形式 (有時已給出)、弄清作者的身份,準確地使用人稱代詞。如 2012 年廣東中考英語作文要求考生寫出看法,所以作者要以第一人稱來寫。如果要你介紹一個人或某件事物,那肯定要用第三人稱來寫了。明確這一點可以避免跑題。第8頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一2.列要點,寫提綱。防止遺漏要點。要點是得分的一個重要因素。因此要仔細觀察,逐條列出要點。然后

8、根據列出的要點寫出提綱。3.巧用已知信息。找出書面表達的要求與所給文章的相同點和不同點,靈活利用有用的句子,但不要原封不動地照抄。從 A 部分的閱讀材料中提取有用信息,然后結合題目要求的時間、任務、地點、內容、目的、結果以及詞數等,寫一篇語言通順準確、意思連貫的文章(短文、日記、信件、廣告等)。第9頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一4揚長避短,發(fā)揮優(yōu)勢。 書面表達有較大的靈活性,但不能太隨便發(fā)揮。如果某一要點有多種不同的表達方式,要盡量用自己最熟悉的、把握性最大的句型。切記不要使用自己不熟知的句型。另外,務必要使所寫的句子符合英語表達習慣,不要出現中式英語。可適當使用感

9、嘆句、祈使句、疑問句來增添文章氣勢。第10頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一5根據體裁的不同選用合適的句型結構,提升文章的檔次。(1)記敘文寫人寫事常用的句型結構有:be busy doingtoo.to do.soadj./adv.as to doIt takes sb.some time to do sth.sb.spends some time doing sth.It isadj.for sb.to do sth.第11頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一(2)議論文常用的句型結構有:These days people think.I ag

10、ree/I disagree/I think/In my opinion.Different people have different ideas, but I.Almosteverythinghastwosidesadvantagesanddisadvantages.As we know/As is known to all.have played an importantrole/part in our daily life.第12頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一提供建議類的常用的句型結構有:Why not.Why dont you.What about.How

11、 about.Youd better.You should/could.Could you.Its better if you.第13頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一6.篇章布局盡量不要一段到底,最好采用“總分總”的方式,文章分三段來寫。第一段:點明寫作目的或中心思想,引出下文。例如寫提出建議的作文,可以用“Heres some advice.”來引出下文;寫介紹人或事的作文,可以用“Let me tell you somethingabout.”來引出下文。第二段:闡述具體內容(具體要點)。寫具體內容時,切記信息點不要缺失。為了上下文表達的連貫性,可適當地使用以下過

12、渡方法:第14頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一(1)表示并列關系的可用:and, as well as, or.等。(2)表示轉折關系的可用:but, yet, however.等。(3)表示時間先后關系的可用:first, then, next, finally, when,while, not. until, after, before.等。(4)表示因果關系的可用:so,in order that, too.to, so.that,not only.but also 等。(5)表示舉例、列舉的可用:like, such as, for example.等。第15

13、頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一第三段:總結、提升。結尾總結、提升要再一次緊扣題目要求,提出號召、感嘆、警示等,以便進一步升華主題。表示總結的可用:in general, generally speaking, in a word,all in all, in summary, it istime for us to.等。第16頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一7.檢查與改錯。寫中考作文難免會出現一些錯誤,考生的作文往往會在這一方面失分。因此改錯這一環(huán)節(jié)必不可少。檢查錯誤可以從以下幾個地方入手:(1)格式是否正確。(2)拼寫是否正確。(3)人稱

14、、時態(tài)、語態(tài)是否合適。(4)標點符號的運用是否有誤。(5)動詞的形式是否正確。第17頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一8.注意書寫工整,卷面整潔。從多年參與中考評卷的老師的經驗中我們可以得知,卷面是否整潔與得分高低有很大關系。例(2011 年廣東)你聽說過 Earth Hour 這項活動嗎?今年的 Earth Hour 你是 如何度過 的?請你 寫一篇題 為“My EarthHour 2011”的短文。內容包括:1你今年參加 Earth Hour 這個活動了嗎?請表達你參加或者沒有參加的心情。第18頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一2請描述你當時

15、在哪里,與誰一起度過,做了什么事。3請列舉兩件以上你在日常生活中經常做的有利于環(huán)保的事。4號召大家加入到明年的 Earth Hour 活動中來。解析本題要求就“地球日”展開寫作,要求寫到以下四點:自己是否參加了及相應的心情,自己當時在做什么,列舉幾個生活中做的有利于環(huán)保的例子,最后號召大家明年一起加入到該活動中。第19頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一對于第一點,寫作時可以有兩種不同的情況。如果參與了活動,可以表達的心情是“高興的(glad/happy)”、“興奮的(excited)”,可以用到的句子有“I was glad/happy/excited to bein.

16、”等;如果沒有參與活動,可以表達心情是“覺得可惜的(pity)”,可以用到的句子有“What a pity!”,“Its a pity that.”等。第20頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一因前面兩點存在著內在的聯(lián)系,因而可以不需要特意的過渡,但舉例說明已進入了另一個話題,應適當過渡一下。寫作時,可以先說一下為何生活中會做這樣的事情,或者先總的說明你做了什么事情,然后用“For example”引出具體的例子。最后的號召又是一個新話題,也應進行過渡??梢韵日f明一下號召的目的,或者聯(lián)系上文的舉例說明這樣做的好處,然后再發(fā)出號召,這樣就可以讓行文流暢??梢杂谩癐 thin

17、k.”,“Bydoing it.”, “If we can.”等語句進行過渡。第21頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一(一)2012 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試A信息歸納請閱讀下面這篇文章,根據所提供的信息,完成下面表格。第22頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一第23頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一續(xù)表第24頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一The topic of BBC World Have Your Say today81.The thing that the kid did on the

18、underground82.The time when Mike traveled in Hong Kong83.Wu Peigens age84.People who live with Wu Peigen now85.Information CardLife in China.Eating noodles.14/Fourteen (years old) In January this year./This January.His grandparents.第25頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一B.書面表達假設你是一名叫李明(Li Ming)的中學生,看了上述故事后

19、,你想表達自己的看法。 請你給欄目編輯寫一封電子郵件,內容包括:1你對其中的哪一個故事感興趣?原因是什么?2你對這個故事所提及的現象的看法。3就該現象提出至少兩條解決問題的建議。作文要求:1不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出現學校真實的名稱和學生的真實姓名。2語句連貫,詞數 80 個左右。作文開頭和結尾已經給出,不計入總詞數。第26頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一Dear Editor,I read the stories on BBC World Have Your Say today._Yours,Li Ming第27頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,

20、星期一參考范文 1: I am interested in Mikes story, because I had the same experiencewhen I traveled in Guangzhou.I cant stand bad manners in public,either.In fact, I really get angry when people jump the queen andsmoke in non-smoking area.I think its wrong to break the rules inpublic.In my opinion, we shoul

21、d know more about goodmanners.On the other hand, we had better stop people around usfrom being rude.If we cant stop them, we can always ask the policeor someone like that for help.第28頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一參考范文 2: I am interested in Wu Peigens story, because one of my friends isa left-behind c

22、hild too.He has been living with his grandparents sincehe was six.I can understand how hard life is for left-behindchildren.I think its best for children to grow up under the care oftheir parents.In my opinion, we can join some social groups tooffer help to left-behind children.We can visit and make

23、 friendswith them.On the other hand, they should be allowed to go toschool in the city for free.第29頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一(二)2011 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試A信息歸納請閱讀某網站論壇上關于“地球一小時”的文章,根據所提供的信息,完成下列表格。第30頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一第31頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一第32頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一The date of

24、Earth Hour in 201181Alberts job82What Brandon did when it was dark83Who stayed with Mary during the hour84The number of people who talked about their stories85Information CardMarch 26thA waiterHer friendsFour/4He went for a walk.第33頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一B.書面表達你聽說過 Earth Hour 這項活動嗎?今年的 Earth H

25、our 你是如何度過的?請你寫一篇題為“My Earth Hour 2011”的短文。內容包括:1.你今年參加 Earth Hour 這個活動了嗎?請表達你參加或者沒有參加的心情。2.請描述你當時在哪里,與誰一起度過,做了什么事。3.請列舉兩件以上你在日常生活中經常做的有利于環(huán)保的事。4.號召大家加入到明年的 Earth Hour 活動中來。第34頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一作文要求:1.不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出現學校的真實名稱和學生的真實姓名。2.語句連貫,詞數 80 個左右。作文的標題、開頭和結尾已經給出,不計入總詞數。第35頁,共55頁,2022年,5月

26、20日,13點12分,星期一My Earth Hour 2011The Earth Hour was from 8:30 p.m. to 9:30p.m. on Saturday, March 26th this year._I believe that we can make our earth a better place to live in.第36頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一參考范文 1:It was a pity that I didnt realize it was Earth Hour until Iwatched news on TV.At tha

27、t time, I was shopping with my motherat the mall.As a student, I have done lots of things to protect theenvironment.For example, I always carry a cloth bag whileshopping.Besides, I often ride a bike to school instead of taking acar.I think we can care for the earth by doing so.Lets take part inthe E

28、arth Hour next year.第37頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一參考范文 2: It was the moment my friends and I waited for a long time.Wetalked and played games at home with all the lights off.We wereglad to be in the Earth Hour.As a student, I have done lots of thingsto protect the environment.For example, I always

29、 carry a cloth bagwhile shopping.Besides, I often ride a bike to school instead oftaking a car.I think we can care for the earth by doing so.Lets takepart in the Earth Hour next year.第38頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一(三)2010 年廣東省初中畢業(yè)生學業(yè)考試A信息歸納請閱讀報紙上發(fā)表的一篇關于校園安全的短文,根據所提供的信息,完成下面表格。Safety Activities for

30、Middle School KidsSchool is not the safe place as it used to be.How to keepschool safer? How to help students stay away from danger? There第39頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一are many activities that teachers can do to teach safety in an easyway.Here are some stories from the students who have had thesaf

31、ety class in No.1 Middle School.Mike_Smith:_About_Sports_SafetyOnce, our head teacher made up a story about sports safety.Allwe needed to do was to point out safe and unsafe sports behaviorsin the story.From this lesson, we knew we should always dowarm-up ( 熱 身 ) activities before playing sports and

32、 drink somewater after that.第40頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一Amy_Young:_About_Classroom_SafetyYes, making up stories is a good way to learn and enjoyourselves.We were once asked to make up a story about a boycalled Little Naughty.He always did something naughty ( 淘氣的)in the classroom and got himself

33、into trouble.In this way, welearned to behave (行為) well and get on well with each other.Frank_Green:_About_Fire_SafetyIn our school, we have a fire emergency response practice (火警應急演習) in September every year.So we know where to go ifthere is a fire in school.We learn to use the fire extinguisher (滅

34、火器), too.But I dont think we should be allowed to put out the firealone, its too dangerous for young students like us.第41頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一The school that the students are from81The person who talked about classroom safety82What to drink after playing sports83Time to have fire emergency r

35、esponse practice84The number of the students who talked about school safety85Information Card Amy YoungThree/3No.1 Middle SchoolSome water/WaterSeptember every year第42頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一B.書面表達你覺得你的校園生活安全嗎?請你寫一篇題為“How toKeep Safe in School”的短文,談談你的看法。內容包括:1.描述一件發(fā)生在你身上或你看到的發(fā)生在校園的意外事件(經過與結果)。

36、2.提出解決這種校園意外事件的建議(至少兩條)。3.呼吁每個學生要注意校園安全。第43頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一作文要求:1.不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出現學校真實的名稱和學生的真實姓名。如需使用學校名稱或學生的姓名,請一律使用Hilltop School 和 Tom。2.語句連貫,詞數 80 個左右。作文的開頭已經給出,不計入總詞數。第44頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一How to Keep Safe in SchoolDo you know that our school life could be dangerous if we

37、 arenot careful enough? For example, _第45頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一參考范文:How to Keep Safe in SchoolDo you know that our school life could be dangerous if we arenot careful enough? For example, one day, two students ran aftereach other in the hallway.Suddenly, one of them fell down and hurthis leg

38、because of the wet floor.Therefore, he had to stay in hospitalfor two weeks.So I think students should always walk but not runin the hallways.And the teachers had better keep an eye on thestudents after class and stop them from running.At last, I hope allthe students should pay attention to their sa

39、fety in school.第46頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一STONE FIELD COUNTRY PARKWhere you are together with natureStone Field Country ParkIt is in the south of Guangzhou. The Visitor Centre is open from 9 : 30 to 16 : 30 every day. At the centre you can get maps which give information about the location (位置)

40、 of public toilets,car-parks,first-aid stations (急救站) ,barbecue (BBQ) places places for you to cook food on a fire in the open air, shopping centre and public telephones in the park. Main AttractionsWe are proud of the Plant Garden. You can see thousands of kinds of plants in it. For sports lovers,a

41、 visit to our Sport Centre is something that you must do. Have fun with the rope (繩) walks,rock climbing and many other fun.games. A Note to VisitorsPlease remember that fire can only be allowed in the barbecue places,so enjoy your BBQ meals there!Come and enjoy a day full of fun at Stone Field Coun

42、try Park !Location81. of Guangzhou Opening hours82. everyday Facilities (設施) for visitors83. 84. 85. first-aid stations, BBQ places, public telephonesMain Attractions86 , the Plant Garden 1第47頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一Depending on yourself Growing up is not always easyWhen we face difficulties,a

43、spirit of depending on yourself is more useful than crying for helpThats what Hong Zhanhuis story of growing from boy to man with family hardship tells us Hong was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County(縣),Henan ProvinceWhen he was only 11,his father became badly ill and one day he came back

44、with an unwanted baby girlA year later,Hongs mother left homeShe no longer wanted to live such a poor life and face her sick husbandSo everything hard fell onto the young boys shoulders:to take care of his father and the sister Chenchen,and to go on to study Although his life was hard,Hong didnt go

45、away from his father and sisterHe worked in parttime jobs to feed his familyHe climbed tall trees to get birdseggs for his sister He walked two hours at weekends to the market to buy different things to sell around his schoolA few years later,he studied at a collegeTo take care of Chenchen,he worked

46、 hard to rent(租)a room near his college for her,and send her to school After Hongs story went public,he became a hero in peoples eyesBut Hong refused offersfrom othersHe said he felt encouraged by kind offers,but he could depend on his own work Through his hard life,he has grown up from boy to man F

47、rom:Shanghai Middle School English OnlineHongs spirit Hongs birthplace Hongs age when his mother left home The distance between Hongs school and the market The way Hong fed his family Hongs spirit Hongs birthplace Hongs age when his mother left home Hongs spirit Hongs birthplace The distance between

48、 Hongs school and the market Hongs age when his mother left home Hongs spirit Hongs birthplace The way Hong fed his family The distance between Hongs school and the market Hongs age when his mother left home Hongs spirit Hongs birthplace 2第48頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一Zhang Hongying, girl, 14Now o

49、ur lunch time is short. We cant have a good rest after lunch and most of us feel sleepy in the afternoon. If I were the headmaster, I would make lunch time longer and let the students take a nap after lunch. That way, the students will learn better in the afternoon.Zhao Pengran, girl,15The oral Engl

50、ish classes are not enough for us. If I were the headmaster, I would set a day out of every week for everyone to speak English. All the students cant speak Chinese that day.Zhou Jiacheng, boy, 15Our school uniforms are the same. If I were the headmaster, I would ask the students to design the unifor

51、m themselves. We could have a contest among them. Then we could ask others to vote for their favorite one. This way, well be able to wear what we like!The person who would like to change the school uniform The age of Zhao Pengran The thing Zhao Pengran wants to change The thing Zhang Hongying wants

52、to change The age of Zhang Hongying 3第49頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一Dear editor, I am really worry about my daughter, Judy. She always thinks she is too fat. She eats only a little rice and some vegetables. And she eats no fish, beef or pork. “Cake” and “desert” are taboo words(忌諱語). The problem is

53、 that she is not fat at all. In fact, the doctor says she is thin and unhealthy. But she still believes being thinner will make her pretty. I am afraid that she will be sick before she becomes “pretty”. Could you give some advice to my daughter?1.The food Judy eats2.The food Judy doesnt eat3.The tab

54、oo words for Judy4.The words that the doctor says5.What does Judy believe?4第50頁,共55頁,2022年,5月20日,13點12分,星期一Dear Mr. Li, Two months ago, I saw an advertisement in a morning newspaper, which said your company could offer a set of The Complete Works of William Shakespeare at a low price-15 pounds and 5

55、0 pence. I wanted them very much, so I sent the money to you. Two weeks later the books arrived, but it was a set of works of Charles Dickens. So I returned them back. Two more weeks later, there arrived the same set of Charles Dickenss books and a set of plays of Moliere, in French. I dont know Fre

56、nch at all. Im afraid you may make a mistake. So I write to you. I just want a set of works of Shakespeare. Please send them to me soon as possible. Im looking forward to your reply. Yours, Lily 1.When did Lily learn about the sale of Shakespeares works?2.How did Lily learn about the sale of Shakespeares works?3.How much was a s

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