閱讀填空題備課 完整版課件

1、湖南高考特型題 閱讀填空題云溪一中高三備課組 閱讀填空是湖南高考出現(xiàn)的一種新題型。這一新題型的出現(xiàn)，體現(xiàn)著增加主觀題，減少客觀題這一全球語言測試的大方向。 閱讀填空題最顯著的特點(diǎn)是：既考察學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，又考查學(xué)生的書面表達(dá)能力。三個(gè)層面的考查 ：1 對(duì)文章中心的把握 2 對(duì)文章機(jī)構(gòu)的理解 3對(duì)文章信息的捕捉，獲取和提煉。 三年來湖南卷閱讀填空題各項(xiàng)比較 : 2005年2006年2007年 2008年文章的長度 227338308 338參考給時(shí)(分) 101010 10閱讀量 (詞數(shù)) 260408365 368語速要求 2640.836.5 36.8文章的體裁說明文 說明文 說明文 說

2、明文(Expository Writing )Tree shapedWays that people have counted throughout historySpider- shaped閱讀填空題解題步驟 1. 瀏覽全文,領(lǐng)略大意.快速理順每段(層) 的總結(jié)句, 即層次要點(diǎn) .并歸納話題或標(biāo)題或主旨 提示: 了解短文的寫作思路和結(jié)構(gòu)有助于對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的了解, 同時(shí)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)也是很重要的設(shè)題線索, 表格項(xiàng)目可能就是根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)而設(shè)計(jì)的1、一審大題 弄清答題要求，尤其關(guān)注“注意”后的具體要求：屬三種情況中哪一種；答題時(shí)，要始終按這要求做。2、二審表格 認(rèn)真研究表格及其中內(nèi)容，弄懂其橫向、縱向

3、的類別規(guī)律和表達(dá)方式。3、再審細(xì)節(jié) 任務(wù)型閱讀題為主觀性試題，答題一定要符合規(guī)范，需重點(diǎn)檢查： 1）句子結(jié)構(gòu)、同類或同欄表達(dá)是否一致 2）大小寫、單復(fù)數(shù)、詞形變化是否準(zhǔn)確 3）拼寫是否正確、字跡是否清楚等main idea : -The graying of the United States .The population of the United States is growing older and will continue to do so Topic: 2005高考閱讀填空為例Main idea of each part :Para 1 :The population of th

4、e United States is growing old -phenomenon Para 2 The phenomenon is mainly due toIt will greatly affect the nations family and workforce -Causes/Reasons Para 3 -Effects /Results two facts_2.研讀表格,了解要求 .理順小標(biāo)題與細(xì)節(jié)之間的關(guān)系, 即細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)總結(jié)句的支撐關(guān)系 : (提示: 表格格式也可以幫助理清短文結(jié)構(gòu)和信息分布情況 .命題者所給的表格就是文章的濃縮. 一般說表格的結(jié)構(gòu)就是短文 的結(jié)構(gòu).要特別注意表

5、格前的小標(biāo)題 , 它 通常是段落和表格的主題句 )3.搜索和分析整理信息, 規(guī)范答題 Tips : 在閱讀文章的基礎(chǔ)上將信息進(jìn)行加工處理.按要求答題, 注意拼寫是否正確,首字母的大小寫詞數(shù)的控制等. 答題時(shí)要注意工整對(duì)稱性, 要注意與已填部分的形式的一致,是-ing 都用-ing , 是名詞都用名詞 ,要檢查所填之詞是否符合文章內(nèi)容,4.通讀全文, 檢查核對(duì)詞性(part of speech )轉(zhuǎn)換文中的信息76.Graying USThe graying of the United States _Topic: 用作名詞用作形容詞保留核心詞 Number of citizens 65 or

6、olderBy 2020By 203039 million51 million65 million78._80._81._-82._83._ multigenerational family84._ to citizens 65 and older85._By 20303.5 : 12 : 1Title 76_Graying USCauses/ReasonsBy 201079._Baby boomers old-growingEffects/ Results77.the old-growing of the “baby boomers”用名詞所有格(genitive case) 形式“S”代替

7、介詞of來自文中的信息Baby boomers old-growing (79)people in the U.S are living longer the number of U.S citizens 85 years old 79. Citizens living longer _Number of citizens 65 or older77.By 2010By 2020By 203039 million51 million65 million78.Causes /Reasons79._Baby boomers old-growing80._83._ multigenerational

8、 family84._ to citizens 65 and older85._By 20303.5 : 12 : 1Title 76_Graying USCitizens longer livingEffects /Results81._82._文中的信息 Para 3: One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit . 81.Family unit change82.Workforce proportion change句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換 para3:The other likely development

9、will be a change in the proportion of the nations workforce._eg: 2:1(81)(82)Number of citizens 65 or older77.By 2010By 2020By 203039 million51 million65 million78.Causes /reasons79.Citizens living longerBaby boomers old-growing80.Effects /Results81._-82._83._ multigenerational family84._ to citizens

10、 65 and older85._By 20303.5 : 12 : 1Title 76.Graying USFamily unit changeWorkforce proportion changeNuclear familyWorkersIn 19891.直接信息題-查讀法獲取信息 2.根據(jù)最醒目的字眼（time age number place) 1.帶著問題有意識(shí)地在細(xì)節(jié)處和關(guān)鍵處做標(biāo)記3.依據(jù)信息詞First then after that next finally (順序) Because thus lead to is cause by as a result of due to

11、 (因果) But while instead different from on the contrary (對(duì)比) Who what when where why (疑問詞 )77.By201083.Nuclear family84.Workers 85.In 1989如何組織信息正確表達(dá)？1.用名詞所有格 “ s ”代替 of2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換3.句子結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換, 句子轉(zhuǎn)化為詞組 如:The power of governmentThe governments power如:Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth ,and for he

12、althy blood vessels Being a_ for strong bones and teeth and healthy bloodnecessityParking is usually free, and the weather inside is always fine.77_and fine weatherFree parking2.組織信息題_76.Graying US79.Citizens living longer 81.Family unit change 82.Workforce proportion change3.概括信息題 : 概括性詞語的要求概括性(在最大

13、程度上覆蓋欄內(nèi)信息, 囊括其主要內(nèi)容) 針對(duì)性(不能太大也不能太小,量體裁衣, 大小適度) 醒目性(注意措辭, 吸引讀者的注意力 ) 78.Causes /Reasons79.Effects /Resultsreasons causesresults effectsconsequencesadvice suggestions opinionsmeasures solutions waysfeatures characteristicsadvantages disadvantagesdifferences similaritiestopic types formsname age sex time cost event pu