高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的用法講義

1、新高考-定語(yǔ)從句-關(guān)系副詞的用法+專項(xiàng)練習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句-關(guān)系副詞的用法 當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when，where，why。關(guān)系副詞的作用如下：指代表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的先行詞；在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分-狀語(yǔ)；起連接作用，把主句和定語(yǔ)從句連接起來(lái)。（一）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句（1） when 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句when表示時(shí)間，指代先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time，day，week，year等。We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6,00

2、0 meters in the sky-我們永遠(yuǎn)忘不了在6000米高空飛行的那一天?！菊`區(qū)警示】 當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句既可用when引導(dǎo)，也可用 that或which 引導(dǎo)，關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞在從句中作何種成分。若關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，則用when 引導(dǎo)；若關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則用that或which引導(dǎo)。-Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？-你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？（when在從句中作狀語(yǔ)）-Do you still remember the days

3、 that/which we spent together on the farm？-你還記得我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)一起度過(guò)的那些日子嗎？（thatwhich在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）（2）where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句where表示地點(diǎn)，指代先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞（如place，factory，house，village等）或表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞（如position，point, case, stage, situation, atmosphere, condition, activity，job等）。-Its helpful to put children in a situati

4、on where they can see themselves differently.-把孩子們放到一個(gè)能夠讓他們從不同角度看待自己的環(huán)境中，這對(duì)他們有幫助?！菊`區(qū)警示】當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，如果關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則用that或which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。-This is the house that/which was built by my grandfather forty years ago-這是我爺爺在40年前建造的房子。（thatwhich在從句中作主語(yǔ)）（3）why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句why 表示原因，指代先行詞并在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，其先行詞只有表示理由的名詞rea

5、son。-I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.-我不知道昨天他為什么沒(méi)向他的好朋友求助?！菊`區(qū)警示】若代替先行詞reason的關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，而是充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則用 that或which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。-I wont believe the reason thatwhich you have given me.-我不會(huì)相信你給我的那個(gè)理由。（thatwhich在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）（二）關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選用定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞可用以下方法判斷：1

6、）-依據(jù)：根據(jù)從句的謂語(yǔ)。-用法：是及物動(dòng)詞，后面若無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞；是不及物動(dòng)詞則用關(guān)系副詞。2）：-依據(jù)：根據(jù)關(guān)系詞在從句中作的成分。-用法：若關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān),系代詞；作狀語(yǔ)則用關(guān)系副詞。1-This is the factory that/which I visited last year.-這是我去年參觀過(guò)的那家工廠。（visit是及物動(dòng)詞）2-This is the factory where he used to work.-這是他以前工作過(guò)的那家工廠。（work是不及物動(dòng)詞）3-Is this the museum that/which was built l

7、ast year?-這就是去年建成的那家博物館嗎？（從句缺主語(yǔ)）4-Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?-這就是舉辦展覽的那家博物館嗎？（從句缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）（三）where 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別類別引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句where的作用關(guān)系副詞從屬連詞修飾誰(shuí)前面的地點(diǎn)名詞主句或主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞替換“介詞which”能不能從句位置主句中間或主句之后主句之前或主句之后1)：-Is there a shop around where(=in which ) I can blow my bike tyres up？-附近有家店可以讓我

8、給我的自行車車胎打氣嗎？（定語(yǔ)從句）2）：-Where there is a will,there is a way. -有志者，事竟成。（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句）3）：-We should go where we are needed.-我們應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)叫枰覀兊牡胤饺ァ＃ǖ攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句）專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、單句語(yǔ)法填空：1. You have entered into an ageit is not fortune but knowledge that makes you rich.2. Finally, we got to a factorymany mobile phones of high quality w

9、ere produced.3. We will postpone the picnic in the park until next week,_ the weather may be better.4. When I arrived, my friend took me to see the flat_ I would be staying.5. The reason_he explained at the meeting sounds professional. 6. I didnt experience such an adventure until the fifth grade,_I

10、 was an innocent child.7. It was in the village_he once lived that he got his junior education.8. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment_they live.9. It is generally believed that the earth is not likely to be the only planet_life has developed gradually. 10. The pilot is a challen

11、ging jobyou need to be calm at all times.二、合并句子：1. The house has been pulled down. He lived in the house eight years ago.-The househas been pulled down.2. Do you remember the days? On those days we played together.-Do you remember the days_?3. The reason is unknown. He lost heart. -The reasonis unkn

12、own.4. Well go to see the famous singer. We have often talked about the famous singer.-Well go to see the famous singer_.5. The man is my friend. You talked with the man. -The manis my friend.三、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞完成短文：California， 1official nickname is the Golden State, is one of the fastest growing states

13、 in the United States. The first people 2explored and settled in California were the Spaniards, 3gave Spanish names to its two great cities, Los Angeles and San Francisco. 1849 was the year 4Americans came and it was also the time 5gold was discovered.The reason 6the men 7made movies came to Califor

14、nia was 8the weather here was fine. The sun allowed them to take pictures outdoors nearly every day in the year. Hollywood, 9lies in the northwestern part of the city of Los Angeles, became the movie capital of the world. When oil was discovered, people came to work in the oil field. World War II was the period 10many large airplane factories were built in California.參考答案：一、1.when 2.where 3.when 4.where 5.that/which6.when 7.where 8.where 9.wh