當(dāng)代高職高專英語教案第二冊Unit 2

1、PAGE SL-2Teaching PlanSportsTeaching ObjectivesIn “Part 1：Listening & Speaking”, listen and make judgments on what will happen .Learn how to make short conversations with people on some familiar topics, e.g. plans.In “Part 2: Reading”, know how yoga change the way of living, and understand sports ga

2、me schedule. Master usages of some common words, phrases and structures, e.g. relaxed, overtake, slim, director, complete, conclude, observer, craze, general, economy, stadium, final, qualification, be aware of, shake off, associate. with., result from, be in touch with In “Part 3: Translation & Wri

3、ting”, understand the method of translating predicative clause. Learn how to refuse an invitation by mail.In “Part 4: “Grammar”, master the usage of conjunction.In “Part 5: “Further Development”, do more oral and written work to consolidate what you have learned in this unit.Teaching ProceduresLead

4、In Cultural Background or Related InformationWe seem to have fallen in love with sports. Then, why do we love sports? Is it because of the joy it brings? Or is it just because we can watch it and relax from everyday troubles? Actually, it is really a hard question for us to answer. I think that we l

5、ike sports because of different reasons. Firstly, sports can bring us much fun. We need sports to fill some sort of genetic void in our modern lives, left there by the decline of strong natural connections. Especially in the democratic world, we are not so viscerally identified any longer by who we

6、are ethnically, nationally or religiouslythe marks that used to stamp us. So sports become a surrogate loyalty. Especially in our huge metropolises of millions of people spread over hundreds of square miles, one last surviving element of civic pride can be the sports team. Secondly, there are not ma

7、ny mysteries left in this world. Sports gives us one, each and every game. No matter how advanced we are, we dont know whos going to win and whos going to lose. We like sports just because we like surprises. Finally, sports can bring us together and help us make more friends. So, we come together fo

8、r sports, from which we can benefit a lot.Part 1 Listening & SpeakingListeningScripts and KeysActivity 1 Making JudgmentsDirections: In this part you will hear 10 short dialogues between two speakers. At the end of each dialogue, a question will be asked about what was said. Choose A, B, C or D for

9、the best answer to the question you have heard. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. 1. A: Excuse me. I am looking for the textbook by Professor Jordan. B: I am afraid its out of stock now. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? A: A. At a bookstore.2. A: Good

10、 morning, Im Susan, your stewardess. Welcome aboard! B: Hello. Ive got seat 32 C. I hope it is in the non-smoking section. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? A: B. On a plane.3. A: What kind of account do you want to open? B: A current account. Q: Where are the two speakers now

11、? A: C. In a bank.4. A: What can I do for you? B: Well, I bought this car yesterday, but the brakes arent working very well. Can you have a look at it? Q: Where are the two speakers now? A: C. In a garage.5. A: Good morning, whats the trouble? B: I felt very tired last night when I went to bed. Then

12、 I felt really bad this morning when I woke up. Q: What is the mans job? A: B. A physician.6. A: Oh, dear, the faucet in the bathroom is leaking. B: Why not call Mr. Brown? Q: What most probably is Mr. Brown? A: D. A plumber. 7. A: Do you want the same cut as last time? B: No, cut it short all over

13、this time. Q: What is the mans job? A: A. A hairdresser. 8. A: Mr. Smith, Id like to talk to you about my term paper. When will it be convenient? B: How about 3:00 tomorrow afternoon? Q: What is the man? A: B. A teacher. 9. A: Why dont we eat out for a change? B: If you wont mind waiting while I giv

14、e my mother a ring. Q: What will the woman probably do next? A: A. Call her mother.10. A: Id like to take a yoga class during the summer vacation. What about you? B: I want to get a part-time job. Q: What are they discussing? A: D. Summer vacation plans.Activity 2 ConversationsDirections: In this pa

15、rt you will hear 5 conversations. After each conversation, there will be a question. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Conversation 1A: Im going to the movies. Would

16、 you like to go with me?B: Is there a good movie playing?A: Yeah, Harry Potter.B: Oh, thats my favorite novel. Have you booked the tickets?A: Jane has got two tickets for me.Q: What is the woman going to do?A: D. To see the movie with the man.Conversation 2A: What are you planning to do tonight?B: I

17、m going to play tennis with Jerry.A: Do you know Westlife will give a concert tonight? B: Really? Its my favorite singing group. A: My Dad has got two tickets for me. The seats are in the third row. Would you like to go with me? B: Sure. Thats great. I hope Ill be lucky enough to take photos with th

18、em. But do you know Jerrys phone number?Q: What will the woman probably do next?A: A. She will call Jerry to cancel the appointment with him.Conversation 3A: Is there anything wrong, Mike? You dont look very well.B: I failed the English exam.A: Dont worry too much about it. Its not the end of the wo

19、rld. B: Thank you for your comfort. But it was really disappointing.A: Hey, why dont we go to karaoke? Thatll cheer you up. B: Thats a good idea. But can you help me with my English this weekend?A: Sure.Q: What will they do this weekend?A: B. They will study English together.Conversation 4A: What ar

20、e you going to do this weekend?B: Just stay at home, watching DVDs and chatting on the Internet.A: Bob and I are going for a picnic. Why dont you join us? B: Sounds good, but its too hot outside.A: Come on. Think about fresh air and beautiful flowers. Its not good for you to sit in front of the comp

21、uter day and night. B: OK. When will we set off?Q: What can we learn about the man from the conversation? A: B. He usually spends the weekend at home.Conversation 5A: Narnia is on at the Grand Theatre. B: Great! Peter told me that its visual effect was very good. A: Are you free today?B: Sorry, Ill

22、have a dance class this afternoon. A: How about Friday afternoon? I remember you dont have any classes on Fridays.B: But I have to work at the Pizza Hut. Saturday would be better for me. How about you? A: Thats fine. Q: What will the woman do at the weekend?A: B. She will see a movie with the man.Ac

23、tivity 3 PassageDirections: In this part you will hear only one passage. At the end of the passage, 5 questions will be asked about what was said. Both the passage and the questions will be read twice. An incomplete answer is written for you. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer

24、with a word or a short phrase (in no more than 3 words).The first true piece of sports equipment that was invented was the ball. In ancient Egypt, as everywhere, throwing stones was a favorite game for children, but a badly thrown rock could hurt a child. Looking for something less dangerous to thro

25、w, the Egyptians made what were probably the first balls. At first, balls were made of grass or leaves held together by vines. Later they were made of pieces of animal skin sewed together and filled with feathers or hay. Before long the Egyptians had developed a number of ball games, each with its o

26、wn set of rules. Perhaps they played balls more for education than for fun. Ball playing was thought of mainly as a way to teach young men the speed and skill they would need for war. Questions and Answers1. Q: What game did the children like in ancient Egypt? A: They liked throwing stones.2. Q: Why

27、 did the Egyptians invent the balls? A: They wanted to make the favorite game for children less dangerous.3. Q: What were the balls made of at first? A: They were made of grass or leaves.4. Q: Why did the Egyptians play balls? A: They played balls for education.5. Q: What could young people improve

28、in the ball games? A: They could improve their speed and skill.SpeakingActivity 1Samples A: May Day Holiday is coming. What are you going to do?B: I havent thought about it. Ive just finished a paper. Im very tired. I really need a good rest. A: Bob and I will go to the beach. Would you like to join

29、 us?B: Gee. Thats a great idea. A: Bob is taking a Chinese class now. Can we meet at six? Then we can prepare for our trip together. A: National Day Holiday is coming. What is your plan? B: I will go back to my hometown and stay there for several days.A: Then, how about the rest of the holiday?B: I

30、dont know. Maybe Ill watch matches on TV and play computer games. A: You know, Ive got two tickets for Formula One. Would you like to go with me?B: Woo, its a good idea. Maybe I can get Michael Schumachers autograph. Activity 2Samples I usually surf on the Internet and read some books at home. Somet

31、imes I go out for a picnic with my friends. We lie on the lawn, chatting, eating, smelling the flowers and breathing the fresh air. We feel refreshed after the picnic. I rarely go out for sports, but I enjoy watching football games on TV. Im interested in fashion. So I spend most of my spare time re

32、ading the fashion magazines. At the weekend, Ill go shopping with my friends. Sometimes I eat out with my friends. MacDonalds or Pizza Hut will be our choice. These places are really popular with young people. We feel relaxed there. I spend most of my leisure time on the court or in the gym. I love

33、all kinds of sports, such as tennis, basketball, footballyou name it. Sports keep me fit. Im also keen on computer games. But my parents dont allow me to play it too long. They think computer games will distract me from my studies. Part 2 Reading Lead-in ActivityActivity 1 Olympic Games1. boxing 2.

34、diving 3. hockey 4. shooting5. taekwondo 6. weightlifting 7. gymnastics 8. badmintonActivity 2 YogaSamples Ive never practiced yoga. But my mom does it. She says that yoga helps her keep slim. She feels better about herself after doing it. Unlike aerobic exercises, yoga is slow and graceful. Thats w

35、hy the women of my moms age enjoy it. Some books on yoga say that yoga helps you achieve inner calm with its emphasis on the union of mind and body. Yoga is really magical. Yoga dates back more than 5,000 years. In old times, the desire for personal freedom, health and long life gave birth to （產(chǎn)生） t

36、his system of physical（身體的）and mental（精神的）exercise. The word yoga means “to join together”, and it brings the body and mind together into one harmonious（和諧的）experience. The whole system of yoga is built on three main structures（構(gòu)造）: exercise, breathing, and meditation（冥想）. Regular practice of yoga p

37、roduces a clear, bright mind and a strong, capable body.Language Focus1. Be aware of your whole body. (Para. 1)(be) aware of 意為“意識到”，若后面跟上that所引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，詞組中的of應(yīng)去掉；若后面跟上如what，how或why等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，則可以保留of，也可去掉of。例如： I was not aware of his presence till he spoke to me. 直到他和我說話，我才意識到他的存在。 You must be aware t

38、hat what you are doing is illegal. 你必須意識到你做的事情是違法的。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of how important it is to review his lessons regularly. 他這次考試不及格讓他意識到定期復(fù)習(xí)功課是多么重要。2. The Yoga for Beginners class was packed with first-timers eager to learn the “Sun Salutation” and how to appreciate their

39、 “chakra energy centers” and their “marma points”. (Para. 1)first-timers在本句中意為“初次學(xué)習(xí)瑜伽的人”。timer原指“計時器”，也可用來構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞，表示“花費(fèi)時間做的人”。例如：an old-timer（老前輩，老資格的人）。eager to learn the“Sun Salutation”是形容詞短語，作后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞first-timers，相當(dāng)于定語從句who were eager to learn the “Sun Salutation” be eager to do sth.表示“渴望 (做)

40、 ”，也有be eager for sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： The company is eager to expand into new markets. 這家公司渴望開辟新市場。 He is eager for success. 他渴望取得成功。Sun Salutation是瑜伽的一個姿勢，意為“拜日式”或“太陽行禮 (式) ”。chakra 來自于梵文，表示“車輪（wheel），轉(zhuǎn)動（rotate）”的意思，用來說明人體能量進(jìn)出肉體的一些樞紐、管道或中心，有“能量中心或樞紐”的意思，也可直譯為“車輪”。另外，marma也源自梵文，指人體內(nèi)連接能量中心的一些穴位。learn后面有兩個賓語，

41、即the “Sun Salutation”和how to appreciate their “chakra energy centers” and their “marma points”。疑問副詞+不定式能作動詞的賓語。例如： They asked how to get to the railway station. 他們詢問如何到達(dá)火車站。 Have you decided when to go for an outing? 你決定什么時候去遠(yuǎn)足了嗎？appreciate意為“理解并欣賞（某事物）”。例如： You cant fully appreciate foreign literat

42、ure in translation. 看翻譯作品很難充分欣賞到外國文學(xué)的精髓。3. It may have taken 5,000 years, but yoga has shaken off its image as a practice associated with incense and has become a lifestyle essential for thousands of British people. (Para. 2)as意為“作為，看成，當(dāng)作”。例如： He seemed to regard it as a small triumph. 他似乎把它看作是一個小小的

43、勝利。 associated with incense是過去分詞短語，作后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞practice，相當(dāng)于定語從句which is associated with incense。 essential for thousands of British people是形容詞短語，作后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞lifestyle，相當(dāng)于定語從句which is essential for thousands of British people。能充當(dāng)后置定語的語法結(jié)構(gòu)主要有介詞短語、分詞短語、較長的形容詞短語以及定語從句等。例如：the students outside the

44、classroom（教室外的學(xué)生），the students standing outside the classroom（站在教室外的學(xué)生），a student intelligent enough to answer the difficult question（一個足夠聰明能回答難題的學(xué)生），the students who were standing outside the classroom（站在教室外的學(xué)生）。essential后可跟介詞for或to，常用句型是It is essential that.。在這個結(jié)構(gòu)中that所引導(dǎo)的從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語部分的結(jié)構(gòu)為(should

45、)+動詞原形。例如： Right timing is essential for our project. 正確選擇時間對我們的項目來說是很重要的。 It is essential that all (should) be present. 全體人員都必須出席。4. Putting a blue mat under your arm, you say you are healthy, relaxed and emotionally stable. (Para. 3)Putting a blue mat under your arm是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作伴隨狀況狀語；relaxed是過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的

46、形容詞，表示“（人）感到輕松的，自在的”，也用來指“（環(huán)境）舒適的，隨便的”。例如： He was lying in the sun, looking very relaxed. 他躺在陽光下，看起來十分自在。 They talked in a relaxed atmosphere. 他們在輕松的氣氛中交談。5. Everyone is doing it, including Madonna, and Ricky Martin. (Para. 4)including意為“包括”，是介詞。例如： Im ordering some extra office equipment, including

47、 some new desks and a computer. 我準(zhǔn)備額外預(yù)訂一些辦公室設(shè)備，包括一些新的辦公桌和一臺計算機(jī)。6. Yoga is changing lives in clubs and gyms around Britain. (Para. 4)life泛指一般生活，為不可數(shù)名詞；若指某種方式生活，為可數(shù)名詞。例如： Life is full of surprises. 生活中充滿了意想不到的事情。 Dont we have a good life? 難道我們過得不好嗎？around Britain意為“全英國”。除了介詞around，還可以用all over，through

48、out，across等，表示“遍及，在各處”的意思。7. It has overtaken diving to become the fastest-growing new activity in the country. (Para. 4)fastest-growing由形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞。英語中有大量的復(fù)合名詞、復(fù)合動詞、復(fù)合形容詞。例如：handwriting筆跡，書寫體（名詞+動名詞復(fù)合名詞）；waiting-room候診/車室（動名詞+名詞復(fù)合名詞）；airport飛機(jī)場（名詞+名詞復(fù)合名詞）；baby-sit擔(dān)任臨時保姆，照顧嬰兒（名詞+動詞復(fù)合動詞）；short-te

49、rm短期的（形容詞+名詞復(fù)合形容詞）；good-looking好看的，美貌的（形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞復(fù)合形容詞）；age-old古老的（名詞+形容詞復(fù)合形容詞）；well-known著名的（副詞+過去分詞復(fù)合形容詞）；good-natured脾氣好的，性情溫和的（形容詞+名詞+ed復(fù)合形容詞）。 8. Children as young as three take “Yoga Bug” classes. (Para. 5)as young as three是形容詞短語，作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞children。例如：a man as tall as Yao Ming（和姚明一樣高的人）。 9. S

50、ome countries, like Turkey, Spain and Mexico, even offer yoga holidays for people whose idea of a relaxing time is strong exercise and soft things to drink. (Para. 6)like在本句中是介詞，表示“比如，諸如，像”的意思，相當(dāng)于such as或for example。例如： There are several people interested, like Mr. Jones and Mr. Simpson. 有些人感興趣，諸如瓊斯

51、先生和辛普森先生。offer意為“提供”。例如： The police are offering a big reward for any information about the murder. 警方提供一大筆獎金給提供有關(guān)這一謀殺案情況的人。whose idea of a relaxing time is strong exercise and soft things to drink是由關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾前面的名詞people。whose表示“的”意思，可指代人或物。例如： The men whose houses were damaged will be comp

52、ensated. 房屋受損的人會得到補(bǔ)償。 I live in the house whose door has a glass panel. 我住在門上鑲著玻璃的那所房子里。relaxing是由現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換成的形容詞，表示主動意義；而注釋4中的relaxed是由過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換成的形容詞，表示被動意義。例如： It is relaxing to spend a few days camping out. 外出野營幾天可以使身心放松。to drink 是不定式短語，作后置定語，修飾soft things。不定式動詞與所修飾的詞是動賓關(guān)系。例如： Man still has a lot to lea

53、rn about the brain. 人類對自己的大腦仍有許多要了解的。 I have five children to look after. 我要照顧五個孩子。10. The new yoga generation believes uniting body and mind is the way to inner calm not to mention a flat stomach, slimmer hips and a taller, more poised and graceful body. (Para. 7)uniting body and mind是動名詞短語作賓語從句的主語

54、；calm在本句中作名詞，它還能作形容詞或動詞。例如： The police chief advised his men to stay calm. 警長勸他手下的人要保持冷靜。 He worked in the calm of the library. 他在圖書館安靜的環(huán)境中工作。 She calmed the baby by giving it some milk. 她給嬰兒喝了點(diǎn)牛奶，讓他安靜了下來。not to mention表示“更不用說”的意思。例如： They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and th

55、e bird. 他們要照料三條狗，更不用說貓和鳥了。11. James Hanson, 26, who works for a design company in Manchester, northwest England, and started yoga in January, says this exercise is the perfect antidote to modern life. (Para. 8)who works for a design company in Manchester, northwest England, and started yoga in Janua

56、ry是非限定性定語從句，用來補(bǔ)充說明逗號前的名詞James Hanson。非限定性定語從句指人只能用關(guān)系代詞who，指物只能用關(guān)系代詞which，不能用that。perfect在這里是形容詞，表示“完美的”意思，沒有比較級和最高級。perfect也可作動詞，表示“使完美”的意思。例如： The weather in the last few days has been perfect. 最近幾天的天氣很好。 They worked hard to perfect their dance. 他們努力使舞蹈更加完美。12. Like most people, I work longer hours

57、 and travel a lot. (Para. 9) like most people是介詞短語，在句中作狀語。13. Work is hard and competitive. (Para. 9)hard是形容詞，意為“困難的，艱苦的”。hard還能作副詞，常用意思有“努力地，辛苦地”。注意副詞hard與副詞hardly的區(qū)別，hardly表示“幾乎不”的意思。例如： I have been working hard all morning.我辛辛苦苦地工作了一上午。 It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我簡直什么都看不見了。comp

58、etitive是形容詞，意為“競爭的”，其動詞為compete。例如： She and her sister are always competing for attention. 她和她姐姐總是爭著出風(fēng)頭。14. I want somewhere where I can be alone and forget about absolutely everything, where the only person I am up against is myself. (Para. 9)somewhere在該句中是代詞，表示“某處”的意思，相當(dāng)于some place。例如： I know some

59、where where you can eat Korean food. 我知道一個地方，可以吃韓國菜。where I can be alone and forget about absolutely everything和where the only person I am up against is myself是關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的兩個定語從句，用來修飾前面的代詞somewhere。關(guān)系副詞where相當(dāng)于in which。alone是形容詞，但通常只作表語，而不作定語，意為“單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的”。注意alone與lonely的區(qū)別。lonely也是形容詞，意為“孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”，而al

60、one則表示“單獨(dú)的”，但并不一定是“孤獨(dú)的”。例如： When his wife and two little children left him, he was very lonely. 妻子和兩個孩子離他而去后，他很孤獨(dú)。 The lonely old man worked his life away like a working horse. 這個孤獨(dú)的老人像馬一樣辛苦地干了一輩子。 She lives on tea and cake when shes alone. 她一個人用餐時只喝點(diǎn)茶，吃點(diǎn)蛋糕。I am up against是定語從句，用來修飾前面的名詞詞組the only p