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1、Grammar and usagethe Present Perfect Tense & the Present Perfect Continuous Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) Form:have/has+done the Present Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Do you know when we should use the present perfect tense? We use the present perfect tense to talk about actions that were completed only a short time ago (
2、1):The boys are tired. They _ (just play) a ball game.(Connection with the past: The boys played a ball game. Connection with the present: The boys are tired.) have just playedWe use the present perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the recent past, but are connected to the present.(2)
3、:The boy is very happy.The boy _(catch)a bird.(Connection with the past: The boy caught a bird. Connection with the present: The boy is happy. )has caughtWe use the present perfect tense to talk about something that started in the past, and is still happening now. came has lived _ past now future (3
4、):has lived Daniel _ (live) in Beijing since he came to China.(Connection with the past: Daniel came to China. Connection with the present: Daniel is living in China.) We can also use the present perfect tense for repeated actions. (4): I went to Egypt in 1986. I went to Egypt in 2004. I _ (be) to E
5、gypt twice. have been2. What is the basic structure of the present perfect tense?subject + auxiliary verb (has/have) +done+ objectsubjectaux. vmain vobject+I haveseenET.+You haveeatenmine._Shehasnotbeento Rome._Wehavenotplayedfootball.?HaveyoufinishedIt?HashedoneIt?3.We often use it with time expres
6、sions.Such as : already ever for just lately never recently since yetQ1. Whats the difference between already and yet?e.g. The boy has already come here.I havent heard anything from him yetTip: Already is for affirmative statements;Yet is for negative statementsComplete the following sentences with
7、the proper tense.1 We _ (study) English for about five years.2 They _ (live) in the south since their daughter was born.3 I _ (read) your article three times. Its well written.4 The student _ (finish) her homework already. 5 Eric _ (go) back to his hometown today. 6 The police _ (just finish) search
8、ing the area.have studiedhave livedhave readhas finishedhas gonehave just finished現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別:一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,和現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān);現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)某一發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系,如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等。He _ (work) in the city for ten years.has worked完成下列句子:I _(see) this film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了)I _ (see) this film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了)He
9、_ (be) in the League for three years. (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))He _ (join) the League three years ago. (強(qiáng)調(diào)加入的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去)sawhave seenhas been joined現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yesterday, last week,ago, in1980, in October, just now, in the past等,皆為具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):for,
10、since, already, yet, so far, up to now, ever, never, recently, lately, just, in the past years,等,皆不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊句型 1)It is the first / second time that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如: It is the first time that I _ (visit) the city. This is the first time (that) I _ (hear ) him sing.注意:It was the third time
11、that the boy _ (be) late. 2)This is +形容詞最高級(jí)+that結(jié)構(gòu),that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如: This is the best film that I _ ever _ (see). 典型例題(1) Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (2) Have you _ been to our town before? No, its the first time I _ her
12、e. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come have visitedhave heard had been haveseenBD一般過(guò)去時(shí)還是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?1 They _ (move) to the south in 1990 and _ (live) there since then.2 Eric _ (leave) home last year and _ (just come) back.3 Justin _ (be) away from home for several days. He _(
13、disappear) last Friday.4 They _(buy) this house three years ago and they _ (live) here since then. 5 My brother _ (go) to see my grandpa last week. He _ (visit) him three times this month.movedhave livedlefthas just comehas beendisappearedboughthave livedwenthas visitedRead the diary entry on Page 8 an
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