英語四級真題

1、2016年6月英語四級真題第三套PartIWriting（30minutes）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words._PartListeningComprehension（25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,you

2、willhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此

3、部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)HewatchedaverymovingshowattheWhiteHouse.Hefeltsadforthosewhowerekilledinthemassshooting.Hemetdifficultiesintheannouncementofnewexecutiveactionsonguns.HewasmadabouttheoppositionoftheRepublicans.A)Movie-goerswerekilledatcinemasinChi

4、cago.PeopleinColoradoandLouisianaarenotallowedtogotothecinemas.Thepresidentsstepstoexpandbackgroundcheckswillbechallenged.ARepublicanwillbeelectedpresidentinNovember.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)7.12.A)Itcanreducethetimetotravel.Itcanreducethevehiclesonroads.Itcanmovecargo

5、betweennorthandsouth.AllofA、BandC.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Hewasabandonedbyhisparents.Hegotlostintheforest.Hewentfartodrinkwater.Itwasntmentioned.A)Theboysfather.Soldiers,policeandvolunteers.Japansmilitary.Childpsychiatrists.A)OnWednesdaynight.Afewminuteslater.Wednesday

6、.SinceSaturday.SectionBConversationsDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversationsyouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestion-swillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion.YoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthec

7、orrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)BecauseBillyhasgotsomeseriousproblem.B)BecauseshewantedtoknowBillysimprovements.BecausehisEnglishteacherwantedtospeaktoher.BecauseBillywouldnevershowherhisschoolwork.A)Heisaver

8、ymatureboy.Hewasverypoorathisworklastyear.Heistoomodesttotalktohismotherabouthisprogress.Hiswritingwasputintheschoolnewspaper.10.A)Sheisalsoworriedaboutherson.sspellingSheisbothtimidandmodest.Shejustmovedhereandseldomtalkedtoothers.Sheistoobusytohelphersonwithhishomework.A)ToreportBillysimprovementt

9、his.yearTosuggestwaysofimprovinghisspelling.ToassistBillytowritearticles.TorequestBillysmothertocheckhisassignment.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Atrainingcoach.Atradingadviser.Aprofessionalmanager.Afinancialtrader.A)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.Heconsiderscookingcreative.He

10、canenjoyhealthierfood.Hethinkstake-awayistasteless.A)Itissomethinginevitable.Itisfrustratingsometimes.Ittakespatiencetomanage.Itcanbeagoodthing.A)Theelementofuncertaintyandthementalchallenge.Theelementofcertaintyandphysicalchallenge.Thewayhedealswithallkindsofemotions.Thesuccessthathisstressfuljobbr

11、ingsabout.SectionCPassagesDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAn

12、swerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Therewerenoplanetswithoutmoons.TherewasnoairorwateronJupiter.Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace.Themysteryoflifecouldnotberesolved.A)Ithasanumberofactivevolcanoes.Ithasanatmosphereliketheearths.Ithasalargeoce

13、anunderitssurface.Ithasdeepcavesseveralmileslong.A)Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit.Lifecanforminveryhottemperatures.Everyformoflifeundergoesevolution.Oxygenisnotneededforsomelifeforms.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Whethertheyshouldtakethechildhome.WhatDr.Meyersinstructionsex

14、actlywere.Whoshouldtakecareofthechildathome.Whenthechildwouldcompletelyrecover.A)Sheencouragesthemtoaskquestionswhenindoubt.Shemakesthemwritedownallherinstructions.Shehasthemactoutwhattheyaretodoathome.Sheasksthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtodo.A)Itlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword.Itcontainsmanygra

15、mmaticalerrors.Itisheavilydependentonthecontext.Itfacilitatesinterpersonalcommunication.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Jobsecurity.Goodlabourrelations.Challengingwork.Attractivewagesandbenefits.A)Manytediousjobscontinuetobedonemanually.Moreandmoreunskilledworkerswilllosejobs.C

16、omputerswillchangethenatureofmanyjobs.Boringjobswillgraduallybemadeenjoyable.A)Offerthemchancesofpromotion.Improvetheirworkingconditions.Encouragethemtocompetewitheachother.Givethemresponsibilitiesaspartofateam.A)Theywillnotbringrealbenefitstothestaff.Theyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleonly.Theyarearbit

17、rarilysetbytheadministrators.Theyarebeyondthecontrolofordinaryworkers.PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybefor

18、emakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Signsbarringcell-phoneuseareafamiliarsighttoanyonewhohaseve

19、rsatinahospitalwaitingroom.Butthe(26)popularityofelectronicmedicalrecordshasforcedhospital-baseddoctorstobecome(27)oncomputersthroughouttheday,anddesktopswhichkeepdoctorsfrombesidesare(28)givingwaytowirelessdevices.Asclericalloadsincreased,somethinghadto(29),andthatwasalwaysfacetimewithpatients,says

20、Dr.BhaktiPatel,aformerchiefresidentintheUniversityofChicagosinternal-medicineprogram.Infall2010,shehelped(30)apilotprojectinChicagotoseeiftheiPadcouldimproveworkingconditionsandpatientcare.Theexperimentwasso(31)thatallinternal-medicineresidentsattheuniversitynowgetiPadswhentheybegintheprogram.JohnHo

21、pkinsinternal-medicineprogramadoptedthesame(32)in2011.MedicalschoolsatYaleandStanfordnowhavepaperless,iPad-basedcurriculums.YoullwantaniPadjustsoyoucanwearthisisthesloganforoneofthenewlabcoats(33)withlargepocketstoaccommodatetabletcomputers.AstudyoftheUniversityofChicagoiPadprojectfoundthatpatientsg

22、ottestsandfasteriftheywerecaredforbyiPad-equippedresidents.Manypatientsalso(35)abetterunderstandingoftheillnessesthatlandedtheminthehospitalinthefirstplace.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答.A.dependentF.giveK.ratherB.designedG.growingL.reliableC.fastH.launchM.signalD.flyingI.policyN.successfulE.gainedJ.prospectO.tr

23、eatmentsSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarki

24、ngthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.AncientGreekWisdomInspiresGuidelinestoGoodLifeIsitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedbythreatsanduncertaintiesfromwars,terrorism,economiccrisesandawidespreadoutbreakofinfectiousdiseases?Theanswerisyes,accordingtoanewbookThe10GoldenR

25、ules:AncientWisdomfromtheGreekPhilosophersonLivingaGoodLife.Thebookisco-authoredbyLongIslandUniversitysphilosophyprofessorMichaelSoupiosandeconomicsprofessorPanosMourdoukoutas.ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless,saysSoupios.Thephilosophyprofessorsaysitisasrelevanttodayaswhenitwasfirstwr

26、ittenmanycenturiesago.Thereisnoexpiration(無效)dateonwisdom,hesays.Thereisnoshelflifeonintelligence.Ithinkthatthingshavebecomeverygloomythesedays,lotsofmisunderstanding,misleadingcues,alotofwhattheancientswouldhavecalledsophistry(狡辯).ThenicethingaboutancientphilosophyasofferedbytheGreeksisthattheytend

27、edtoseelifeclearandwhole,inawaythatwetendnottoseelifetoday.ExamineyourlifeSoupies,alongwithhisco-authorPanosMourdoukoutas,developedtheir10goldenrulesbyturningtothemenbehindthatphilosophy-Aristotle,Socrates,EpictetusandPythagoras,amongothers.Thefirstruleexamineyourlifeisthecommonthreadthatrunsthrough

28、theentirebook.SoupiossaysthatitisbasedonPlatosobservationthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.TheGreeksarealwaysconcernedaboutboxingthemselvesin,intermsofconvictions(信念),hesays.Sotakeastepback,switchofftheautomaticpilotandactuallystopandreflectaboutthingslikeourpriorities,ourvalues,andourrelationsh

29、ips.StopworryingaboutwhatyoucannotcontrolAswebegintoexamineourlife,Soupiossays,wecometoRuleNo.2:Worryonlyaboutthingsthatyoucancontrol.TheindividualwhopromotedthisideawasaStoicphilosopher.HisnameisEpictetus,hesays.Andwhat“theStoicssayingeneralissimplythis:Thereisalargerplaninlife.Youarenotreallygoing

30、tobeabletounderstandallofthedimensionsofthisplan.Youarenotgoingtobeabletocontrolthedimensionsofthisplan.ESo,Soupiosexplains,itisnotworthittowasteourphysical,intellectualandspiritualenergyworryingaboutthingsthatarebeyondourcontrol.IcannotcontrolwhetherornotIwindupgettingthediseaseswineflu,forexample.

31、Hesays.Imean,therearesomecautiousstepsIcantake,butultimatelyIcannotguaranteemyselfthat.SowhatEpictetuswouldsayissittingathomeworryingaboutthatwouldbewrongandwastefulandirrational.Youshouldliveyourlifeattemptingtoidentifyandcontrolthosethingswhichyoucangenuinelycontrol.SeektruepleasureFTohaveameaning

32、ful,happylifeweneedfriends.ButaccordingtoAristotleastudentofPlatoandteacherofAlexandertheGreatmostrelationshipsdontqualifyastruefriendships.JustbecauseIhaveabusinessrelationshipwithanindividualandIcanprofitfromthatrelationship,itdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthispersonismyfriend.Soupiossays.Realfriendsh

33、ipiswhentwoindividualssharethesamesoul.ItisabeautifulanduncharacteristicallypoeticimagethatAristotleoffers.GInourpursuitofthegoodlife,hesays,itisimportanttoseekouttruepleasuresadvicewhichwasoriginallyofferedbyEpicurus.ButunlikethemoderndefinitionofEpicureanismasalifeofindulgence(放縱)andluxury,forthea

34、ncientGreeks,itmeantfindingastateofcalm,peaceandmentalcase.HThiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleasureandhappinessfortheancientEpicureans.Soupiossays.Thisissomethingthatisverymuchwellworthconsideringhereinthemodernera.Idonotthinkthatwespendnearlyenoughtimetryingtoconcentrateonachievingasortofca

35、lmness,asortofcontentmentinamentalandspiritualway,whichwasidentifiedbythesepeopleasthehighestformofhappinessandpleasure.DogoodtoothersIOthergoldenrulescounselustomasterourselves,toavoidexcessandnottobeaprosperous(發(fā)跡的)fool.Therearealsorulesdealingwithinterpersonalrelationships.Bearesponsiblehumanbein

36、ganddonotdoevilthingstoothers.JThisisHesiod,ofcourse,ayoungercontemporarypoet,webelieve,withHomer,Soupiossays.Hesiodoffersanideawhichyouveryoftenfindinsomeofthewordsgreatreligions,intheJudeo-ChristiantraditionandinIslamandothersthatinsomesense,whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing,youhurtyourself.Thatdamagin

37、gotherpeopleinyourcommunityandinyourlife,trashingrelationships,resultsinakindofself-inflicted(自己導(dǎo)致的)spiritualwound.KInstead,Soupiossays,ancientwisdomurgesustodogood.GoldenRuleNo.10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded.LThisisAesop,thefabulist(寓言家),themanofthesecharminglittletales,o

38、ftentoldintermsofanimalsandanimalrelationships.Hesays.IthinkwhatAesopwassuggestingisthatwhenyouofferagoodturntoanotherhumanbeing,onecanhopethatthatgooddeedwillcomebackandsortofpayaprofittoyou,thedoerofthegooddeed.Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyourgooddeed,attheveryleast,thedoeroftheg

39、ooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindofspirituallyenlightenedmoment.MSoupiossayfollowingthe10GoldenRulesbasedonancientwisdomcanguideustothepathofthegoodlifewherewestoplivingasonlookersandbecomeengagedandhappierhumanbeings.Andthat,henotes,isalifeworthliving.AccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimp

40、ossibleforustounderstandeveryaspectofourlife.AncientPhilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleoftoday.Notallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulmates.Wecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodernworld.Thedoerofagooddeedcanfeelspirituallyrewardedevenwhentheygainnoconcretebenefits.Howtoa

41、chievementalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsiderationtoday.MichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesinlife.Ancientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedogood.ThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless,andareapplicabletocontemporarylife.Doharmtoothersandyoudo

42、harmtoyourself.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions

43、46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesntseemtobeacleargenerationaldiv

44、ide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhethertheydliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Notevery

45、onewantsadriverlesscarnowandnoonecangetoneyetbutamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.Actually,thisisntsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedm

46、obilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars.Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedt

47、oage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation:59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivedincitiesandsuburbssa

48、idtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.Whiletheresreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,apersonsagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbecomemainstream.Oncedriverlesscaresareactuallyavailableforsafe,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaff

49、ordtobuythem.Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields.Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?Itdoesnotse

50、emtocreateagenerationaldivide.Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents.Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?Itsavestheirenergy.Ithelpswiththeirmobility.Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife.Wha

51、tislikelytoaffectonesattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?Thelocationoftheirresidence.ThefieldoftheirspecialinterestTheamountoftrainingtheyreceived.Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.Whoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar?Thesenior.Theeducated.Thewealthy.Thetechfans.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebased

52、onthefollowingpassage.Inagrarian(農(nóng)業(yè)的),pre-industrialEurope,youdwanttowakeupearly,startworkingwiththesunrise,haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal,andthenyoudgobacktowork,saysKenAlbala,aprofessorofhistoryattheUniversityofthePacific.Later,at5or6,youdhaveasmallersupper.Thiscomfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsof

53、thedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals,gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal,eatenwiththeextendedfamily.“Mealsarethefoundationofthefamily,”saysCaroleCouniban,professoratMillersvilleUniversityinPeensylvania,sotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogetherandstrengtheningfamilyties.Sincei

54、ndustrialization,maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder,withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand.Certainly,therewerebenefits.Moderntechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendousincreaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors.Yetplentyhasbeenlosttoo,eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat.TakeItaly.ItsnosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoa