高中定語從句十大考點歸納總結(jié)

1、定語從句的十大考點 修飾名詞或者代詞的從句叫做定語從句； 被修飾的名詞或者代詞叫先行詞； 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞叫關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞 & 關(guān)系副詞）；定語從句分為限定性定語 從句和非限定性定語從句（前有逗號隔開） 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有： that which who whom whose as 關(guān)系副詞有： when where why 定語從句的十大考點 1. that 與 which 在指代物時的用法區(qū)分 that 和 which 都可以引導(dǎo)先行詞為物的定語從句,但是用法有區(qū)分： 1 只能用 that 的情形 a.先行詞為 everything ,all , little , much 等不定

2、代詞時； b.先行詞被 all , every,no, any, some,little , much, one 修飾時； c.先行詞被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時； d.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時； e.先行詞是 be 的表語或 there be 的主語時； f. 先行詞有人又有物時； g.當主句是以 who 或 which 開頭的特殊疑問句時； 2 只能用 which 的兩種情形 a.非限定性定語從句中 b.關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時 Galileo built a telescope through which he could

3、 study the skies. 2 which 與 as 的區(qū)分 as 和 which 都可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,三種情形下只能用 as,不能用 which a. as 置于句首引導(dǎo)定語從句時 As we know, ） （ b. as含有 “正如 ”之意（ as we expected） c. 先行詞前有 such, the same 修飾時（ As is often the case 等； 3. who, whom , that 的區(qū)分 such an easy question as the little boy can answer.） a.先行詞為指人的不定代詞時,如 thos

4、e 或 people 時,常用關(guān)系代詞 who, 不用 that b.介詞之后用關(guān)系代詞 whom 引導(dǎo)定語從句 c.當先行詞是一個限定性的表示人的特定名詞時,不用 that. 如： The aunt who came to see us last week is my farther 4. whose 用法 “ whose表”示誰（可以為人也可以為物）的（東西） s younger sister. 例： A childwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.（ “whoseparents表”示那個孩子的雙親） Helivesinaroomwhosewindow

5、 faces south. （ “ whose表”示那個房子的窗戶） whose 表所屬關(guān)系指物時,可與 名詞 + of which of which 轉(zhuǎn)換,詞序一般是： Look at the building , the roof of which = whose roof is white . 第 1 頁,共 4 頁5. 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的用法 a. 介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞只能用 which （先行詞為物）或者是 whom （先行詞為人） b. 介詞的選擇方法有三個原就：一 “先 ”二 “動 ”三 “意義 ” I lost my pen, with which I took no

6、tes. 先行詞為 pen,使用鋼筆用 with This is the house in which he lives. 定語從句中謂語動詞 live 為不及物動詞 The gas is oxygen without which we can 依據(jù)句t l 意 ive決. 定 6. 先行詞為 way 時 that, in which 引導(dǎo)定語從句,也可以省略關(guān) 先行詞為 way,在定語從句中作狀語時,用 系詞； e.g. I don t like the waythat/in which he speaks to his parents. 7. 關(guān)系副詞 when, where,when 引

7、導(dǎo)定語從句的具體用法 先行詞表示時間,地點,緣由時,在定語從句中作狀語,選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞 when, where, why 引導(dǎo)定語從句；如其在定語從句中作主語或賓語,就選擇關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從 句；區(qū)分三組例句： a. This is the place where he lives. a. This is the place that/which he visited last year. b. I still remember the time when my brother was a little boy. b.I still remember the time that/which

8、 we spent together. c. This is the reason why he was late. c.This is the reason that/which he gave us. 某些非地點時間名詞用定語從句修飾,關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,由 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句 （stage, case, point, situation,position）；同樣用法的仍有 occasion,由 when 引導(dǎo)定語從句； e.g. I can think of many cases where students know a lot of words but don te a go

9、od essay. t wri There are many occasions when people don 8. 定語從句中的謂語動詞 t know what they want. 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,定語從句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)當與先行詞保持一樣； e.g. Anyone who wants to have a holiday puts up your hand. Those who want to have a holiday put up your hand. This is one of the students who have passed the exam. This

10、is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. 9. 區(qū)分定語從句和其他句型 區(qū)分于簡潔句和并列句 There are 70students in our class There are 70students in our class There are 70students in our class 區(qū)分于強調(diào)句型 , most of whom are boys. 定語從句 , and most of them are boys. （并列句） . Most of them are boys. （簡潔句） It is in th

11、e factory that he works. 強調(diào)句型 It is the factory where he works. （定語從句） 區(qū)分于同位語從句 The news that shehadpassed the examexcitedus（. 同位語從句：對名詞說明說明） 第 2 頁,共 4 頁The news that he told us excited us. （定語從句：對名詞修飾限定） 區(qū)分于狀語從句 Do you know the time when the class is over. 定語從句,有先行詞 Let s play gamewshen the class i

12、s over.（時間狀語從句,無先行詞） Put the book where it belongs. 地點狀語從句,無先行詞 10. 定語從句中關(guān)系詞的省略 定語從句中,作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略,介詞之后的關(guān)系代詞不行省略； This is the house which he lives in. This is the house he lives in. This is the house in which he lives. This is the house in he lives. 練習(xí)題： I. 用相應(yīng)的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空； 1. He makes himself a she

13、ep shall be eaten by the wolf. 2. I know the reason he was angery. 3. You can take anything you like. 4. Our hometown is no longer the one it used to be . 5. He is a man we should learn from. 6. There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of mouth tea is supposed to come. 7. In thedark street,

14、 therewasnt asingleperson to 8. He came the day 9. I live in the room I was out. he used to live. shecould turn for help.10. Have you asked him the reason may explain his success. interact with one 11.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area another. 12.The book has helped

15、 me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impression is a must. 13. is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. 14. A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 15.He wrote a letter he explained what had h

16、appened in the accident. II. 用定語從句翻譯下面的句子； 1.我的家鄉(xiāng)已不再是過去的那個面貌了； 2.你知道剛才和我們打招呼的人是誰嗎？ 3.他是第一個給我們提出有用建議的人； 4.正如我們大家所知,一切能做的事情都做了； 5.這是自 1990 年以來出版的最杰出的小說之一； 第 3 頁,共 4 頁2022 年 1. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends. all A. it B. that C. whose D. which 【安徽】 sh

17、ows that more and more people 2. China Today attracts a worldwide readership, over the world want to learn about China. A. who B. whom C. that D. which 【福建】 3. The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A. it B. which C. what D. as 【江蘇】 4. As the smallest child o

18、f his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent. A. which B. where C. whom D. when 【陜西】 5. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work. A. where B. which C. when D. who 【天津】 6. He wrote many children s books, nea

19、rly half of were published in the 1990s. A. whom B. which C. them D. that 【重慶】 7. The books on the desk, covers are shiny,are prizes for us. A which 【四川】 8. Opposite is s Church, you can hear some lovely music. 【北京】 9. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which 【浙江】 10.It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. A. as B. where C. that D. which 【湖南】 II. 下面句子中有一處錯誤請改正； 1. Here is so big a s