英美報刊選讀答案

1、英美報刊選讀一、教課目標經(jīng)過本課程的學習，使學員對英美報刊有一個清楚的認識，認識英美報刊語言、文體、詞匯、語法等基本特色，掌握英美報刊閱讀的基本知識及技巧，為獨立閱讀英美報刊打下優(yōu)秀的基礎。二、教材特色與該課程舊教材（第1版）對比，本教材擁有以下特色：1為使學生改變過去依靠教師和英漢字典的學習習慣，培育他們單獨調(diào)解疑難詞語的能力，編者不只向他們介紹工具書，并教授他們使用方法；為使他們能加深對詞匯的記憶，還介紹詞法和重要詞根及詞綴。2為使學生掌握必需的新聞詞語和擴大詞匯量，本書在“新聞詞語解說”中盡量聯(lián)合課文，講透疑難詞語。別的還列出一些與這些詞語或課文內(nèi)容相關的課外詞匯。3為使學生掌握必需的讀

2、報知識，本書在“背景知識”中盡量聯(lián)合課文，介紹重要的并經(jīng)常有諸報端的人物、黨派和組織機構等，并舉例說明其重要性。4為使學生對新聞寫作有一個大概的認識，加深對課文的理解，編者較系統(tǒng)地說明標題的若干特色，對新聞體裁的分類、導語和寫作特色及常語等做了簡介。三、教課內(nèi)容英美報刊選讀為省開課程。1講課內(nèi)容：要點為第1、3、4、5、6、8、13、15、17、19、20、21、24、28、30課（共15課），其余內(nèi)容主要供自學。2課時安排：學員自學：2學時/周，共30學時學完15課。b)面授指導：4學時/次，共4次。每學時指導一課，最后一學時復習。3作業(yè)：共四次，在湖北電大網(wǎng)站英語本科網(wǎng)頁上下載，課后達成，

3、交指導教師批閱，評分，作為平常成績的主要依照。學員達成作業(yè)后，可閱讀網(wǎng)頁上的“答案及詳解”，以加深理解，檢查自己掌握的狀況四、教課建議教師講課時應以學生為中心，鼓舞學生自己去探究和獲得知識。在上課時，可要修業(yè)生先回答每課后的練習題Questions,使他們基本認識課文的主要內(nèi)容。而后，再逐段或跳躍式選段對學生需要掌握的內(nèi)容、新聞詞語和背景知識進行閱讀和問答式方式解說。假如備課充分，學生的英語水平又高，教員可采納美英教員教授母語的方法，拋開課本或講義，只講相關課文的要點詞語、背景知識和寫作手法等。這樣，學生除預習外，課后還要聯(lián)合教員在講堂上所講的內(nèi)容好好復習課文。這兩種講課方式的利處是，使學生經(jīng)

4、過自學（指預習）和教師的指導，自己主動去掌握知識。與以教員為中心的灌注式教課方式對比，學生更能鞏固所學，并使他們此后更能發(fā)揮學習潛能。別的，這也使有的教員掙脫了那種課文說明那么詳盡而感覺在講堂上沒有多少可講的被動地位和場面。自然，這不過自己的實踐和見解。我相信在調(diào)換學生主動學習的踴躍性方面還有更多、更好的教課法。.考試說明“英美報刊選讀”期末考試題型介紹1報刊名稱及常有報刊詞匯英譯漢：十小題，每題2分，共20分內(nèi)容以指導書的附錄為主.2閱讀理解：2篇文章，選自作業(yè)題，選擇題或判斷題，共40分。3閱讀與翻譯：一篇文章，選自教材要點課目練習，共40分。問答題：20分。2).段落英譯漢：20分。.課

5、程指導英美報刊選讀指導一NewspapersandHeadlinesDoyouhavethehabitofreadingnewspapersinEnglishWhatnewspapersdoyouliketoreadThefollowingisalistofthemajornewspapersinBritainandtheUnitedStates.ThemajornewspapersinBritainDailiesSundaysTheTimesNewsoftheWorldTheGuardianTheObserverFinancialTimesTheSundayPeopleTheDailyTel

6、egraphSundayMirrorDailyExpressTheSundayTelegraphDailyMailTheSundayTimesDailyMirrorThemajordailynewspapersintheUnitedStatesNewYorkTimesUSATodayWashingtonPostChicagoDailyTribuneLosAngelesTimesDetroltNewsWallStreetJournalNewYorkDailyNewsChristianScienceMonitorNewspapers,alongwithreportingthenews,instru

7、ct,entertain,andgiveopinions.Anewspaperhasseparatesections:worldnews,nationalandlocalnews,sports,business,entertainment,opinions,comics,classifiedads,etc.Youcanbeabetterreaderifyouknowwhattoexpectinaexample,whenyoureadanewspaperyouusuallylookquicklyatheadlinesfirst.Newspaperheadlineshavealanguageoft

8、heirownanditisnecessarytolearnaboutreadthefollowingheadlines:MoscowofficialwoundedbygunmenEarthquakerocksTurkeyHusbandtosuewifeBoyoncliffrescuedYoungSudaneserefugeesenduredfamine,separationsfromfamilyFromabovewecanseetwoprominentfeaturesofEnglishnewspaperheadlines:Headlinesarealmostalwaysinthepresen

9、ttenseandevenfutureeventsareputinthepresenttense。Headlinesgenerallyomitunnecessarywords,especiallyarticlesandtheverbtoisoftenreplacedbyacomma.Newspaperheadlinescanbeclassifiedintoseveraltypes:Straightheadlinesgiveyouthemaintopicofthearethemostcommontypeofheadlineandaretheeasiesttounderstand.Snowhasc

10、hillingeffectsonSouthClintonoffersBushadvice.Headlinesthataskaquestion,reportafuturepossibilityoroffersomedoubtaboutthetruthoraccuracyofthestory.CantechnologyfixballotwoesDomarketanalystshavebadaimorbadintentionsHeadlinesthatcontainaquotationwhichisimportantorwhichshowsthatastatementisnotproven.Moth

11、er:Letmybabygo“Wewontquit”Doubleheadlinesaretwo-partheadlinesforthesamestoryandareoftenusedformajorevents.HowExpressbrokediplomaticsilenceHUSHUP-ON“SPY”ENVOYSFeatureheadlinesareusedforstoriesthatareeitherhighlyunusualorforsuchstoriestrytobeascleveraspossibletocatchthereadersinterest.Teletubblesmaker

12、seeksfundsforexpansionDeadstudentfellunderthecrushduringclashes英美報刊選讀指導二UnderstandingHeadlineVocabularyEnglishnewspaperheadlinesuseaspecialheadlinecontractsalotofinformationintoashortspaceandhenceinheadlinesweoftenseeShortwordsusedinsteadoflongones.aid=assistbare=exposeorreveal;blast=explodeprobe=in

13、vestigationwoo=seektowinAbbreviationssuchasshortnameswhichcanbeusedwhentheyarelikelytobeidentifiedbytheinitialsareusedwheneverpossible.Close-uponWILL(WILL=WillamShakespeare)Yardsmashairportgang(Yard=ScotlandYard)MPslamshospitaldelay(MP=memberofParliament)shortenedwordsandslang.Weeklymagforstamplover

14、stobelaunched(mag=magazine)Brflyintostormoverplgeonban(Br=Britain)Olivierdenies“blackmail”jibe(jibe=aninsultingattack)Thefollowingisalistofwordswiththeirbefamillarwiththesewords.WordCommonheadlinemeaningExamplAccordagreementAccordpossibletodaycommonheadlinetoAirtomakeknownTVairs“facts”onarmsdelivery

15、AssailtocriticizestronglyRussassailsUSonA-testsAxetodismissfromajobGovernortoaxeaideBacktosupportAlgeriabacksdecisiontoignoredollarBalktorefusetoacceptUnionbalksatcourtorderBarnottoallowClubfacesshutdownforbarringwomenBidattemptBidtoopenborderofferUnionrejectslatestbidBilktocheatClerkbilkscompanyof$

16、1mBlast(noun)explosion;strongcriticismTankerblastnearManila(verb)criticizestronglyMPblastsdemocratsstrikewithexplosivesblazefireBlazekillsthreecitementionManagementciteslaborunrestforshutdownclaimtodeclaretobetrueManclaimsghostsightingclaim(claimtokillBombsclaim40thelifeof)clash(noun)battle;disputeM

17、arinediesinclash(verb)disagreestrongly;fightMayorclasheswithcitycouncilcooluninterested;unfriendlyMoscowcooltoaidoffercurblimit;controlSundaydrivingcurbsplanneddeadlockadisagreementthatJurydeadlockinkidnaptrialcannotbesettleddriveastrongwell-plannedeffortCancerdriveexceedsgoaldueeyevotebyagroupforap

18、articularpurposeexpectedGreekFMduetodaytowatchwithinterestWomensgroupseyecourteasetoreduceorloosenRomeeasesmartiallawevethedaybeforeViolenceindependenceoneveoffaulttofindinthewrongStudyfaultspolicefeuddispute;Borderfeuddangertoregionalpeaceflayfoefoilgripgutstrongdisagreementaccuse;criticizestrongly

19、USflaysRussiaopponent;enemyClintontalkswithcongressionalfoestopreventfromsucceedingFBIfollsbidtohijackplanetoIrantotakeholdofCholerafeargripsJapantodestroycompletelybyfireYearsbiggestfireguts178homesheadofftopreventPresidentheadsoffrailstrikeheistholdinktheftJewelheistfoiledkeepinpolicecontrol;7held

20、forsmugglingarresttosignThailand,MalaysiainkseatreatykeyveryimportantkickofftobeginlashoutcriticizeGovkeyvoteFieryspeechkicksoffcampaignstrongly;CollegeheadslashoutatNUSaccuselaudtopraiselineposition;demandlaunchtobeginlinkconnectedtoloomexpectedinthenearPMlaudscommunityspiritIsraelsoftenslinePolice

21、launchanti-drugdriveFunguslinkedtomysterydiseasTreatydisputeloomingfutureloot(noun)stolenmoneyorgoodsPolicerecoverloot(verb)unlawfultakingawayofRioterslootstoresgoodsvaluablenabtocaptureGangleadernabbednettotakepossessionof;Customschecknetsover$2mcapturenodapprovalMinisterseeksnodforoilsavingplanoff

22、iceanimportantgovernmentMinisterquits,tiredofofficepositionoptchoose;decideSwissopttobacktaxforchurchesousttotakepowerawayfromVotersoustincumbentspactasolemnagreementPeacepacttodayPleadeeplyfeltrequestMothersplea;LetmeseemybabyastatementincourtindicatingGuiltypleasexpectedguiltorinnocenceGuiltypleas

23、expectedpledgepromiseIOCpledgessupportpoisedreadyforactionWorkerspoisedtostrikepollelectionOctoberpollVotingstationVotersgotothepollsinJapanPostpositioningovernment,UnknowngetskeyCabinetpostBusinessProbeinvestigationGovernorordersfireprobePrompttocauseCourtdecisionpromptspublicangerRagetoburnoutofco

24、ntrolForestfireragesRap(noun)accusationchargeCorruptionrapunfairsayssenator(verb)criticizeSafetycommissionrapsautocompaniesrocktoshock;tosurpriseGovrocksstockmarketroutdefeatcompletelyRebelsrouted,leave70deadrowaquarrelOilpricerowmaybringdowngovt.ruledecideCourtrulesoutPLOtalkssackdismissfromajobJai

25、lchiefsackedsack(fromtosearchthoroughlyandrob14heldforUSembassysacking“ransack”)setdecidedon;readyIMFtalkssetforAprilslaytokillormurder2slaininfamilyrowsnagproblem;difficultyLastminutesnaghitsarmstalkssnubsoarsparktopaynoattentiontoProtestantssnubUlstertoriserapidlyInflationratesoarstocause;toleadto

26、actionFrontierfeudingsparksattackpeacebidstalemateadisagreementthatcannotbesettledNewbidtobreakhostagestalematestallmakingnoprogressPeaceeffortinLebanonstalledstanceattitude;wayofthinkingNewstancetowardpowercutsstemtopreventorstopRainyseasonstemsrefugeeexitswaytoinfluenceorpersuadePresidentfailstosw

27、ayunion-strikesetswindleanunlawfulwayofgettingmoneyStockswindleinNYthwartpreventfrombeingsuccessfulHondurasattackthwartedtiesrelationsVietnamtiessoonTrimtocutSenatetrimsbudgetTriggertocauseKillingtriggersriotVietocompeteIrishtopranksvieforofficeVoidtodeterminetobeinvalidVotinglawvoidesbycourtVowasol

28、emnpromisekidnappersPolicechiefvowstocatchWeightoconsiderBushweightstaxincrease英美報刊選讀指導三TheNewspaperLeadThefirstparagraphofanewsstoryiscalledthelead.Italmostalwaysgivesyouthestorysmaintopicandmostimportantfacts.Whenyoureadanewspaperleadsentence,trytofindthesubjectandmainverbandnotehowtherestofthesen

29、tenceaddsinformationtothesubjectandmainverb.AnwarSadatAssassinatedatCairoMilitaryReviewCAIRO,October7-EgyptianPresidentAnwarSadat,amodern-daypharaohwhoattemptedtoleadtheArabworldtowardapermanentMideastpeacewithIsreal,wasassassinatedyesterdaybyabandofsoldierswhoattackedamilitaryparadereviewingstandwi

30、thautomaticriflesandhandgrenades.Notethatagreatdealofinformationisincludedinasinglewriterhasorganizedthesentencearoundthesubject(EgyptianPresidentAnwarSadat)andmainverb(wasassassinate)verycarefully.Theleadsentenceusuallydoesthefollowing:Answersquestionssuchas“who”“what”“where”“when”“result”Addsbackg

31、roundtohelpyoubetterunderstandthestoryorStatewherethesourceofthestorycomesfrom.英美報刊選讀指導四ReadtheNewsStoryInmostnewsstoriesthemostimportantfactswillbefoundnearthebeginning-usuallywithinthefirsttwoorthreeremainderofthestorywillgivedetailsexplainingandclarifyingthemainpoints,orintroducingnew,butlessimpo

32、rtantinformation.Thefollowingisaformulaforatypicalnewsstory;ParagraphOneThestoryssubjectandmostimportantfacts.ParagraphTwoImportantfactsthatthewriterwasunabletoincludeinthelead;Informationtoclarifythefactsinthelead;Aparticularlyimportantquote.TherestofthestorySpecificdetailstoanswerreadersquestions;

33、Statementsandopinionsbypeopleinvolvedinthestoryorbyoutsideobservers;Backgroundinformation;New,butlessimportantfacts.Accordingly,whenyoureadanewsstory,youareto:Readthebeginningofthestoryverycarefullybecauseitcontainsthemostimportantfact.Trytolookformorefactsthanthosegiveninthelead.Ifyoudontunderstand

34、somethingatthebeginningofastory,keepreadingforasecond(andperhapsathird)chancetounderstand.英美報刊選讀指導五ReadingtheFeatureStoryinaNewspaperInmostnewsstoriesthemainpointscomeveryearlyandlessimpotantinformationcomesisanotherkindofstory_thefeaturestorywhichfollowsadifferentformat,thefeatureformat.PopularMaga

35、zinesandMagazineArticlesReadingpopularmagazinesisagoodwaytoenlargeourvocabularyandlearnalittlebitaboutmanytopicsinfollowingisalistofmajormagazinesinBritainandtheUnitedStates.MagazinesinBritainTheEconomistBritainTodayTheSpectatorContemporaryReviewNewStatesmanLondonMagazineNewScientistObserverReviewTh

36、eListenerPunchBritishWeeklyMagazinesintheUnitedStatesTimeUSNews&WorldReportNewsweekReadersDigestLifeBusinessWeeklyFortuneHarpersPeopleAmericanReviewTheNewYorkerVeryoftenwereadmagazineswhiletravelingorrelaxingofmagazinearticlesdonotexpecttheiraudiencetospendtoomuchtimereadingandtrytomakethemainideass

37、tandoutclearly.Thetaskforthereaderistolocatethesemainideasquickly.Popularmagazinewritersusevariousdevicestocaptureanounstoeconomizeoninmagazineoftenhavecharacteristicssimilartothosefoundinnewsstoriesorarticlesfoundinaresomefeauturesofmagazinearticles:Anintroductoryparagraphsummarizethemainidea;Thede

38、tailsaregivenintherestofthearticles;Theauthorsviewofthesubjectisdirectedtoaparticularaudiencebutmayinterestreadersingeneral.英美報刊選讀指導六ReadingAdvertisementsMostmagazinesandnewspaperscontainadvertisementsthataredesignedtomakeuswantthewantustobelievethattheirproductisimportantforagoodlife.Someadvertisementsevenpresentviewpointsontimelynewspaperadstrytoinfluencethereadersopinions.Thelanguageofadvertisingmustbealanguageofimmediateimpactandrapidpersuasion.Nooneislikelytospendmuchtimedecidingwhethertoreadaprintedadvertisementorlistentoaspokenone:Iftheirattentionisnotattractedimmediatelyandheldfi