英語(yǔ)翻譯-省略法

1、What do we mean by omission of words? This translation technique means that some words in the original are left out in the version because though they are not contained in the version, their meaning is implied or obvious enough in it. In other words, omission means omission of some words that are fo

2、und in the original but need not necessarily be retained in the version, or omission of some words that are needed in the original but found superfluous if they are kept in the version. 1第十章 - 省略詞語(yǔ)從內(nèi)容角度省略詞語(yǔ)從形式角度省略詞語(yǔ)2從內(nèi)容角度省略詞語(yǔ)省略原文中的某些動(dòng)詞 省略漢語(yǔ)的范疇詞 省略原文的解釋性詞語(yǔ) 省略原文必要但譯文不必要的名詞 省略原文中的有關(guān)形容詞 省略原文中的某些副詞 省略漢語(yǔ)的

3、語(yǔ)氣助詞 省略原文重復(fù)的詞語(yǔ) 根據(jù)譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣省略原文中的某些詞語(yǔ) 省略原文中過(guò)于詳細(xì)的細(xì)節(jié) 3省略原文中的某些動(dòng)詞漢語(yǔ)的描述句可以直接用形容詞、名詞、介詞、短語(yǔ)或主謂結(jié)構(gòu)做謂語(yǔ)，而英文句子的謂語(yǔ)則必須是動(dòng)詞，所以在英譯漢時(shí)，描述句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)要省略。另外，漢語(yǔ)句子中常出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)則不必將動(dòng)詞全部翻譯出來(lái)。These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. 這些發(fā)展中國(guó)家土地遼闊，人口眾多，資源豐富。This

4、type of typewriter is portable, durable, economical and practical for high school students. 這種打字機(jī)攜帶輕便，經(jīng)久耐用，經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠，適合高中生使用。美國(guó)新任國(guó)務(wù)卿建議召開世界食品資源會(huì)議。 The new American Secretary of State proposed a world conference on food supplies.這意味著在45分鐘內(nèi)創(chuàng)了6項(xiàng)世界記錄。一直到現(xiàn)在還沒有人能做得到。 This meant six world records in 45 minutes.

5、Nobody has done the same since. 4省略漢語(yǔ)的范疇詞 漢語(yǔ)常用范疇詞，而英語(yǔ)則少用范疇詞。中譯英時(shí)省略那些原文習(xí)慣上需要但在譯文中卻沒有意義的范疇詞是完全必要的。他在我不知道的情況下私自拿走了那東西。 He took it away without my knowledge.要加快建立城市貧困居民的最低生活保障制度。 We should accelerate the establishment of a minimum standard of living for impoverished urban residents.恢復(fù)熱帶森林不僅將保護(hù)數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的鮮為人知的

6、生物種，而且有助于吸收大氣中的二氧化碳延緩“溫室效應(yīng)”引起地球回暖的進(jìn)程。 The restoration of tropical forests will not only protect thousands of little-known species, but also help absorb carbon dioxide from the atmospheredelaying the greenhouse effects on warming the earth.美日雙方在完全保密的情況下互相交換了信件。 America and Japan conducted a completel

7、y secret exchange of messages.5省略原文的解釋性詞語(yǔ)有時(shí)英文或中文文本對(duì)某個(gè)意義使用兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的詞語(yǔ)表示，而在對(duì)應(yīng)的中文或英文中只有一個(gè)，這時(shí)只能省略一個(gè)。英漢語(yǔ)中都有對(duì)偶同義詞，通常采用省略法處理。如：Burning or combustion is the process of uniting a fuel or combustible with the oxygen in the air. 燃燒就是將燃料和空氣中的氧氣混合的過(guò)程。The medfly (Mediterranean fruit fly) is one of the worlds most

8、dangerous pests, being a threat to 400 types of vegetables and fruits. 地中海果蠅是世界上最危險(xiǎn)的害蟲之一，對(duì)400多種蔬菜、水果構(gòu)成威脅。Neither party shall cancel the contract without sufficient cause or reason. 雙方均不得無(wú)故解除合同。我國(guó)社會(huì)主義建設(shè)正以空前絕后的速度發(fā)展著。 Our socialist country is developing at an unprecedented rate.6省略原文必要但譯文不必要的名詞建立辦事高效，運(yùn)

9、轉(zhuǎn)協(xié)調(diào)，行為規(guī)范的政府行政管理體系是這次國(guó)務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革的目標(biāo)。The current government restructuring is aimed at establishing a highly efficient, well-coordinated and standardized administrative management system.他的那些構(gòu)圖生動(dòng)、色彩豐富、內(nèi)涵深刻的水彩畫頗具西方繪畫藝術(shù)的特色。 His watercolors, vivid, rich, and profound, are tinged with the flavor of Western pai

10、nting. And a sweet young creature is Madam Sophia. 蘇菲亞小姐長(zhǎng)得年輕可愛。他開車前從不喝酒。 He never drinks before driving.她瞪著眼，紅了臉，滿腹狐疑，悶聲不響。 She stared, colored, doubted, and was silent.我兒子都五歲了，還不識(shí)字。 My son is already five years old, but he still cant read.7省略原文中的有關(guān)形容詞他能力強(qiáng)，人品好，辦事勤快，顯然會(huì)步步高升的。 In the light of his apti

11、tude, personality and diligence, he will surly be promoted soon.這里景色秀美，氣候宜人，吸引了大批的游客。 This scenic spot attracts large numbers of tourists for its scenery and climate. / Drawn by its scenery and climate, a large number of tourists pour in.適當(dāng)?shù)暮粑鼘?duì)中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)有營(yíng)養(yǎng)作用，使人保持良好的情緒和正常的情感。 Proper breathing nourishes

12、the central nervous system and maintains your moods and emotions.“Waiter, do you have any wild duck?” “No, sir. But I can irritate a tame one for you.” “服務(wù)員，你們有野鴨嗎？” “先生，沒有。不過(guò)我可以幫您激怒一只溫馴的鴨子?！?省略原文中的某些副詞幕幕政治花招真使他看入迷了：總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中的勾心斗角，爾虞我詐；對(duì)新聞消息的幕后操縱、公開發(fā)表和故意透露，以及公開的和秘密的談話。 He was fascinated by political p

13、rocesses the wheeling and dealing of presidential politics, the manipulating, releasing and leaking of news, the public and private talks. 在那時(shí)候的電影里，總是千篇一律老一套：男拖拉機(jī)手和女拖拉機(jī)手始而相遇，繼而相愛，終而并肩開拖拉機(jī)了。 In the film of those days, all too often it was the same one: a boy tractor driver meets a girl tractor drive;

14、 they fall in love and drive tractors together.有一位歌手，有一次她唱完了歌，竟沒有一個(gè)人鼓掌。 Once a singer finished her performance without receiving any applause from the audience.他個(gè)子足有兩米，每進(jìn)屋門必須低頭，才能躲過(guò)門框子的攔擊。 He was really tall no less than six foot five. Whenever he came in through the door, he had to lower his head t

15、o avoid banging against the door-frame.9省略漢語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)氣助詞不要認(rèn)真嘛！我只不過(guò)開開玩笑罷了。 Dont take it seriously. Im just making fun of you. 那雙眼睛啊，象海水般的顏色，神情愉快，毫不沮喪。 They (the eyes) were the same color as the sea, cheerful and undefeated. 他描繪它（拉脫維亞）的風(fēng)土人情森林啦，小村莊啦，人民啦，人民的強(qiáng)烈民族主義啦等等，只有深深熱愛祖國(guó)的人才能說(shuō)得如此娓娓動(dòng)聽，滔滔不絕。 He described it

16、(Latvia) its forests, its little villages, its people, their fierce nationalism with an eloquence that could arise only out of deep love for ones motherland.有時(shí)逛逛街啦，喝喝茶啦，有時(shí)游游泳啦，跳跳舞啦。 Sometimes she would go shopping, or go to the bar; at other times she would go swimming or go dancing. 10省略原文重復(fù)的詞語(yǔ)臺(tái)灣海峽

17、兩岸的中國(guó)人都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。 The Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood.如果你覺得合適就干，不合適就別干，你自個(gè)兒看著辦吧。 Go ahead if you think the job suits you and dont if not. Its all up to you to decide.上海市場(chǎng)繁榮，商業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)，服務(wù)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)星羅棋布，名產(chǎn)特產(chǎn)琳瑯滿目。 Shanghai, with a thriving market and a great number of sho

18、ps and stores, boasts a large array of local products and specialties.Although in some cases no religious inauguration rites were performed, the sacred nature of the relationship was fully implied in the term jiebai xiongdi or jiebai zimei, meaning sworn brothers or sisters, for the members contract

19、ed a bond with each other with the sanctification of the deities. 雖然有時(shí)候結(jié)拜兄弟或結(jié)拜姊妹的人并不為這件事舉行宗教儀式，但是這種情誼已經(jīng)充分包含在結(jié)拜這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)里面了，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)指天為誓，義結(jié)金蘭。11根據(jù)譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣省略原文中的某些詞語(yǔ)有的句子成分可有可無(wú)，完全直譯反而顯得羅嗦，還是省略為好。例如：Their respective destinies are becoming increasingly interdependent. 他們的命運(yùn)日益休戚相關(guān)。 （不必譯成“他們各自的命運(yùn)日益休戚相關(guān)?！保〩e had hel

20、d out his arms, but they had fallen again to his sides; for she had not come forward, standing still in the opening of the doorway. 他已伸出了雙臂，卻又只好垂了下來(lái)，因?yàn)樗€站在門口，沒有走上前來(lái)。（如果譯成“卻又只好垂下來(lái)放在兩側(cè)”則顯得羅嗦。）So Mr. Osborne, having a firm conviction in his own mind that he was a woman-killer and destined to conquer 奧斯

21、本先生自信是風(fēng)月場(chǎng)上的能手，注定要征服那些小姐太太們（若譯成：奧斯本先生在他自己的腦子里有一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的信心則會(huì)十分臃腫。）12省略原文中過(guò)于詳細(xì)的細(xì)節(jié)I felt a trifle shy at the thought of presenting myself to a total stranger with the announcement that I was going to sleep under his roof, eat his food and drink his whisky, till another boat came in to take me to the port for which I was bound. 我要去見一個(gè)素不相識(shí)的陌生人，向他宣布我得住在他家，吃他的，喝他的，一直等到下一班船到來(lái)，把我