高考英語書面表達中的常見錯誤市公開課金獎市賽課一等獎?wù)n件

1、高考英語書面表示中常見錯誤第1頁 寫作是對學(xué)生利用英語綜合能力考查，是最能表達學(xué)生英語水平一個檢測方式。我們學(xué)生在寫作過程當(dāng)中經(jīng)常暴露一些弱點、犯一些錯誤?，F(xiàn)對學(xué)生作文中常見錯誤進行簡明歸納，粗分類別，并舉以實例。 第2頁（一）名詞 寫作中，學(xué)生們常把握不好名詞數(shù)、全部格以及一些集合名詞使用方法。 第3頁1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday. 句中a要去掉，因為advice是不可數(shù)名詞。一些漢語概念為可數(shù)詞在英語中卻是不可數(shù)，表示數(shù)量時在其前加a piece of，類似詞有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, fur

2、niture, information等等。 第4頁2. That girl loves reading book. 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠詞，或?qū)⑵渥優(yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。此處最好變?yōu)閎ooks. 第5頁3. He went into a books shop and bought a dictionary. 普通表示有生命東西名詞全部格用s，如my mothers car, 而此處適宜用名詞修飾名詞，改為a book shop. 第6頁4. My family is watching TV. 一些集合名詞如看成一個整體，則用單數(shù)謂語動詞，如My family is a happy

3、 one; 如強調(diào)集合中每個個體個人行為，則用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。此處看電視是個體行為，應(yīng)把is改為are。類似詞有：team, class, audience等。 第7頁5I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket. 初高中階段以“o”結(jié)尾名詞中有四個詞變復(fù)數(shù)時要加es，它們是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余都加s變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。 第8頁6This has nothing to do with their believes.（這和他們信仰沒關(guān)系。） 以f, fe 結(jié)尾詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時普通去f, fe 加ves，如kn

4、ifeknives, thiefthieves; 而roof 和belief直接加s變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。所以應(yīng)把believes改為beliefs. 第9頁（二）冠詞 第10頁7The boss wants to hire an useful person. 用a還是an，取決于后面單詞第一個音標，如為元音用an，為輔音用a。 useful第一個音是輔音所以應(yīng)把an改為a。類似，我們說a European country. 第11頁8Plane is a machine that can fly. Plane為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，不能單獨放在句中，應(yīng)在其前加冠詞或把它變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，而本句后有a machine,

5、所以只能在其前面加a，變?yōu)锳 plane。 第12頁9He played a piano at the party yesterday. 把a 改為the ，因為樂器前用定冠詞。 第13頁10The machine was invented in 1920s. 在in后加the，因為表示年代用in加the再加幾十復(fù)數(shù)，如在八十年代in the 80s。 第14頁11Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day. 去掉the，因為表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。 第15頁（三）代詞 使用代詞時請注意其單、復(fù)數(shù)，主、賓格以及形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物

6、主代詞使用方法。 第16頁12He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear. 定語從句先行詞是those speakers，為復(fù)數(shù)，所以從句中指示代詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)把his改為their。 第17頁13 Whom do you think has left the lights on？ 放在疑問句特殊疑問詞后do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose等都不參加句子成份，把它們?nèi)サ艉螅蓡栐~在句中做主語用主格，做賓語用賓格。本句中去掉do you think后缺

7、是主語，應(yīng)把Whom改為Who。 第18頁14The boss pretended not to see John and I. John和I在句中都做賓語，應(yīng)把I 改為me。 第19頁15These books are mine; those in the bag are her. Her是形容詞性物主代詞，后面應(yīng)該加名詞books，或把her 改為hers。 第20頁（四）數(shù)詞 第21頁16There are fourteen hundreds students in our school.Hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen等詞前有詳細數(shù)

8、字時后不加s，前面沒有詳細數(shù)字時在其后加s 和of，表示大約幾百幾千概念。如 two hundred students（兩百個學(xué)生），hundreds of students（成百上千個學(xué)生）。例句中應(yīng)把hundreds 改為hundred。 第22頁17Their school is twice as larger as our school. 表倍數(shù)關(guān)系as-as中間只能用形容詞或副詞原級。所以把larger改為large. 第23頁18Todays homework is a five-hundred-words composition. 幾個單詞由連字符連接而組成復(fù)合形容詞中名詞只能用

9、單數(shù)，所以把five-hundred-words改為five-hundred-word. 第24頁19Two third of the students in our school are from America. 英語表示中分數(shù)分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于一時分母后要加s，所以就把third 改為thirds. 第25頁（五）形容詞和副詞 形容詞和副詞輕易被誤用，形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級也是應(yīng)注意重點。 第26頁20The patient appeared nervously when he talked to the doctor. appear在此是個系動詞，其后應(yīng)接形容詞作

10、表語。所以把nervously改為nervous. 第27頁21The artist worked hardly to finish his drawings on time. 此句需要一個副詞來修飾，hardly是副詞，但意為“幾乎不”，hard 也能夠是副詞，表努力，所以把 hardly 改為hard. 第28頁22This shirt is more cheaper than that one. More只組成比較級，而不能修飾比較級。所以把more去掉。 第29頁23He is the most successful of the two businessmen. 二者相比較時，比較級

11、前用定冠詞，三者或三者以上才用most，所以把most改為more. 第30頁24He works less harder than he used to. 表不如 時用less加上形容詞和副詞原級，所以把harder改為hard. 第31頁25The book is fairly more interesting than that one. fairly只能修飾形容詞和副詞原級，能夠修飾比較級副詞或短語有：much, even, still, far, a lot, a little, a bit, any, no, by far, rather等，所以把fairly改為rather. 第

12、32頁26This is as an interesting a story as the one in the magazine. as as中間詞序是as加上形容詞加上a(n)加上名詞再加上as，所以應(yīng)改為as interesting a story as the one.第33頁27The weather here is nicer than Xizang. 一樣事物才能相比較，weather和Xizang不含有可比性，所以應(yīng)改為The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.第34頁28Tom studies English harder t

13、han any student in his class. Tom 屬于他班級里一員，與班里任何一個人相比時應(yīng)把本身排除掉，在 any 后加上 other. 第35頁29I would rather take a train than went by bus. 這個詞組為would rather do than do ，所以把went改為go. 第36頁30Is there interesting anything at the meeting? 修飾anything, something, every-thing, nothing形容詞都要放在它們后面。 第37頁31I never have

14、 seen such a person before. 像never之類副詞在句中應(yīng)放在be動詞、助動詞之后，實意動詞之前。因為應(yīng)改為I have never seen such a person before.第38頁32The book is worth to be read. be worth doing 意為值得被做。所以改為The book is worth reading. 第39頁33It is sure that he will succeed. sure 主語只能為人，而certain主語可為人和物。所以把sure改為certain. 第40頁34He is regarded

15、 as one of the best alive writers at present. alive 為表語形容詞，偶然也做后置定語。所以把alive改為living，或把alive 放在writers后面。 第41頁35I dont know that he has finished the work yet. yet 用于否定和疑問句，already用于必定句。把yet 改為already.第42頁36He said nearly nothing at the meeting. nearly 不是否定詞用在同一個句子中，而almost能夠。所以把nearly 改為almost. 第43頁

16、（六）介詞 第44頁37He usually goes to school by his fathers car. by加上名詞表示一個交通方式，中間什么都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等；假如名詞前有其它詞修飾，則應(yīng)除by以外其它介詞，此處把by改為in. 第45頁38Please wait me at the school gate. wait為不及物動詞，需加介詞for后才能再跟名詞或代詞做賓語。第46頁39He has been married with Betty for more than twenty years. marry不跟 with連用，應(yīng)把wi

17、th改為to。第47頁40I finished the work on time under the help of him. “在幫助下”用with而不用under。 第48頁（七）情態(tài)動詞 第49頁41He can be at home now because the light in his room is still on. 表尤其有把握必定判斷時用must，表尤其有把握否定判斷時用can, can表判斷時只用在否定句中。所以把can 改為must。 第50頁42He need come here before the meeting begins. 作情態(tài)動詞時need用在否定，疑問

18、和條件句中，不能用于必定句中，而作實意動詞時則能夠。所以應(yīng)改為：He needs to come here before the meeting begins. 第51頁43He used to get up very early in the morning, and now he is still doing so. used to 用來表示過去經(jīng)常做某事而現(xiàn)在不了，所以應(yīng)把后半句改為：but now he is not doing so. 第52頁44I neednt come yesterday because all the work had been finished. 因為情態(tài)動

19、詞本身不表達時態(tài)，所以在談?wù)撨^去事情時在情態(tài)動詞后加 have done，所以在 neednt 后加have。 第53頁45You hadnt better stay up too late because you have to get up early tomorrow. had better 否定在 better 后面加not. 第54頁（八）動詞時態(tài) 英語慣用時態(tài)有十六種，普通依據(jù)上下文和時間狀語來確定時態(tài)。 第55頁46I will tell her about that when she will come tomorrow. 主句為未來時，其時間、條件、方式和讓步狀語從句中用普通

20、現(xiàn)在時。所以將will come改為comes。 第56頁47The meeting is about to begin in ten minutes. be about to 普通不與詳細時間狀語連用。所以把 in ten minutes 去掉。 第57頁48The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looking at the captain and then died. 此處look并非伴隨狀語，而是三個并列謂語動詞，所以把looking 改為looked。 第58頁49I have bought this bike for ten years and

21、I am still using it now. 當(dāng)句中有for加一段時間作狀語時，謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞，此處把bought改為kept。 第59頁50I havent learnt any English before I came here. 我來這兒已經(jīng)是過去動作，在此之前發(fā)生事應(yīng)該用過去完成時。所以應(yīng)把havent改為hadnt。 第60頁（九）動詞語態(tài) 及物動詞用在主動語態(tài)時要有賓語，所以能夠變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)；不及物動詞用于主動語態(tài)時不能接賓語，所以無被動語態(tài)。 第61頁51The two thieves have been disappeared. disappear 為不及物動詞

22、，所以不能用于被動語態(tài)。所以把 been去掉。 第62頁52The building built now will be our teaching building. 表“現(xiàn)在正在建”應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)正在進行時，所以在built 前加being。 第63頁53He is being operated by the famous doctor. 主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，應(yīng)注意短語動詞完整性，別忘了介詞或副詞。“給做手術(shù)”應(yīng)為operate on sb，所以在operated 后加上on。 第64頁54I wonder if the doctor has been sent. 原因同上，應(yīng)在sent

23、后加上for。 第65頁55The book written by him is sold well. 說一本書暢銷是指書本身屬性，所以不用被動語態(tài)。本句應(yīng)改為：The book written by him sells well. 第66頁56This history book is worthy reading. “值得被做”能夠有以下幾個說法：be worth doing; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done. 所以本句應(yīng)該為：This history book is worthy to be read. 第67頁（十）非謂語動詞

24、第68頁57We are going to talk about the problem discussing at the last meeting. 此處為分詞作定語，問題應(yīng)該被討論，所以把discussing改為discussed。 第69頁58The girl dressed herself in red is my sister. dress為及物動詞，意為“給穿衣服”，此處為分詞作定語修飾girl, girl應(yīng)是它邏輯賓語，所以把herself去掉。 第70頁59Being seriously ill, his class-mates sent him to hospital. 分

25、詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語為這句話主語，此句應(yīng)為“因為他病了，他同學(xué)才把他送到醫(yī)院去”，所以把前半句改為：He being seriously ill.第71頁60Having not seen her for many years, we could hardly recognize her. 現(xiàn)在分詞否定應(yīng)把not放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面，所以前半句應(yīng)改為：Not having seen her for many years. 第72頁61Seeing from the space, the earth looks like a ball. 分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語應(yīng)是這句話主語，此句中地球應(yīng)該被看，所

26、以把Seeing 改為Seen。 第73頁62English is easy to learn it. 此句中是不定式作狀語修飾easy, English應(yīng)該是learn邏輯賓語，所以把it去掉。 第74頁63I will get somebody repair the recorder for you. “讓某人做某事”能夠有以下幾個表示法：make sb do sth; have sb do sth; get sb to sth. 所以在repair 前加to。 第75頁64She decided to work harder in order to not fall behind the

27、 others. 不定式否定把not放在to前面。所以應(yīng)改為：She decided to work harder in order not to fall behind the others.第76頁65Its better to laugh than crying. 表比較時比較雙方應(yīng)為同種結(jié)構(gòu)，或都是名詞或都是不定式。所以有兩種改法：Its better to laugh than to cry 或 Its better laughing than crying. 第77頁66Its no use to send for the doctor. 做某事是沒用要說成Its no use d

28、oing,所以把to send 改為sending。 第78頁67She practices to play the piano after school every day. practise 后只跟動名詞作賓語，所以把to play 改為playing。 第79頁68When the teacher came in, he stopped listening to the teacher. stop doing 為停頓做這件事，而stop to do 為停下來正在做事去做這件事。所以后半句應(yīng)該為：he stopped to listen to the teacher. 第80頁（十一）名詞

29、性從句 第81頁69We are talking about if this plan should be carried out. If 和whether都能夠引導(dǎo)動詞賓語從句，假如從句做是介詞賓語，只能用whether引導(dǎo)。所以把if 改為whether。 第82頁70I can not decide if to stay or not. 只有whether才能和不定式搭配使用。所以把if 改為whether。 第83頁71My suggestion is we try for a second time. 表語從句引導(dǎo)詞如為that，普通不省略。所以在we前加上that。 第84頁72W

30、hat will the professor say is not known yet. 名詞性從句語序都是陳說句語序。所以應(yīng)改為：What the professor will say is not known yet. 第85頁（十二）狀語從句 第86頁73I will go unless he invites me. 此句意為“除非他邀請我，不然我不去?！倍鴘nless相當(dāng)于if not, 所以本句應(yīng)改成：I wont go unless he invites me。 第87頁74Although he tried, but he still couldnt keep up with t

31、he others. although 和but 不能同時用在一句話中，去掉任何一個都能夠。 第88頁75I wont stay until he comes back. 含有notuntil句子謂語動詞應(yīng)是點動詞，含有until必定句動詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性動詞，此句有兩種改法：I will stay until he comes back.或I wont leave until he comes back. 第89頁（十三）定語從句 第90頁76An orphan is a child whos parents are dead. 定語從句中表“”引導(dǎo)詞只有whose，所以把whos 改為whose

32、。 第91頁77This is the very thing which I lost yesterday. 假如先行詞為物且前有the only, the last, the very修飾時，定語從句引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。 第92頁78This is the car for that I paid a high price. 定語從句先行詞為物，而且引導(dǎo)詞放在介詞后時，只能用which. 第93頁79She is one of the students who has passed the exam. 定語從句修飾one of 加上復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，復(fù)數(shù)名詞是定語從句先行詞，所以把 has 改為h

33、ave。 第94頁80This is the place where we visited last year. 定語從句先行詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞要看定語從句中缺不缺主語或賓語，如缺用關(guān)系代詞，如不缺用關(guān)系副詞。此句中visit為及物動詞，后無賓語，所以把where 改為which或that。 第95頁81I, who is your friend, can understand you. 定語從句謂語動詞應(yīng)與其先行詞保持一致，所以把is 改為am。 第96頁82China is a developing country, that is known to all. 非限定性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞

34、永遠不會是that，所以把that 改為which 或as。 第97頁（十四）主謂一致 第98頁83The poet and writer are invited to give a speech at the meeting. poet和writer共用一個冠詞，指是一個人身兼二職，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。把are改為is. 第99頁84No one except my parents know it. 主語后加except再加上若干數(shù)量名詞，謂語動詞和主語保持一致。所以把know改為knows。類似使用方法詞或短語有：but, besides, with, together with, al

35、ong with, as well as等等。 第100頁85Your clothes is on the table over there. clothes為復(fù)數(shù)句詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。把is改為are。 第101頁86The number of the students in that school are about one thousand. 此名主語為number而不是students。所以把are 改為is。 第102頁87The class was watching TV when I entered the room. class作主語時，把它看成一個整體時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，看成

36、每一個組員個體行為時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。普通來說，一些詳細行為如看電視、吃飯、洗澡等都屬于每一個組員個體行為。此處把was改為were。 第103頁88The population of our country are increasing slowly now. population 單獨作主語謂語動詞經(jīng)慣用單數(shù)；假如其前有分數(shù)或百分數(shù)，而且后面又有復(fù)數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：One fifth of the Chinese population are workers. 此處把are改為is。 第104頁（十五）倒裝 第105頁89No sooner he had reached the station than the train left. no sooner 為否定副詞，放于句首時句子要部分倒裝，所以此句應(yīng)改為：No sooner had he reached the station than the train left. 第106頁90Here comes he. here 放于句首