英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句基本結(jié)構(gòu)市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

1、簡(jiǎn)單句基本結(jié)構(gòu)第1頁(yè)Teaching aims:1.To learn the sentence constituents:subject，predicate，object， predicative，complement.2.To learn the five structures of simple sentence.3.To practice more and learn to solve exercises about sentences constituent and structures.Teaching importances:1. To understand the concept

2、 of each sentence constituent.2. To master the five structures of simple sentences.Teaching difficulty: To make correct sentences according to the five structures. 第2頁(yè)句子分類簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句主從復(fù)合句有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上簡(jiǎn)單句用連詞連接而成。如：and, but, or, so等定語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)（或并列主語(yǔ)）和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（或并列謂語(yǔ)）組成句子.eg:Tom and Mike are American boys

3、.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the newspaper.由主句和從句組成，且主從句分別有不一樣主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。第3頁(yè)五大基本句型一： (主謂)二: (主系表)三: (主謂賓)四: (主謂間賓直賓)五: (主謂賓賓補(bǔ))第4頁(yè)基本句型 一： （主謂）主語(yǔ)：能夠作主語(yǔ)成份有名詞（如boy），主格代詞（如you），動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞等。主語(yǔ)普通在句首。注意名詞單數(shù)形式常和冠詞不分家！ 謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞組成，是英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)改變主角，普通在主語(yǔ)之后。不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.）沒有賓語(yǔ)，形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，如：We come. 此句型句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即

4、句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表示完整意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面能夠跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。 （不及物動(dòng)詞） 1. The sun was shining. 太陽(yáng)在照耀著。2. The moon rose. 月亮升起了。3. The universe remains. 宇宙長(zhǎng)存。4. Who cares? 管它呢？ 5. They talked for half an hour. 他們談了半個(gè)小時(shí)。 6. The pen writes smoothly 這支筆書寫流利。第5頁(yè) 基本句型 二： （主系表） 此句型句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表示一個(gè)完整意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀

5、態(tài)表語(yǔ)組成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，才能表示完整意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞除了be之外，還有其它三類。be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)作用。其它系動(dòng)詞仍保持其部分詞義。感官動(dòng)詞多可用作聯(lián)絡(luò)動(dòng)詞：look well/面色好,sound nice/聽起來不錯(cuò),feel good/感覺好，smell bad/難聞 （是系動(dòng)詞） 1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典。2. The dinner smells good. 午餐氣味很好。3. Everything looks different. 一切看來都不一樣了。4. He is gro

6、wing tall and strong. 他長(zhǎng)得又高又壯5. Our well has gone dry. 我們井干枯了。 6. His face turned red. 他臉紅了。There be 結(jié)構(gòu)： There be 表示存在有。這里there沒有實(shí)際意義，不可與副詞there那里混同。 此結(jié)構(gòu)后跟名詞，表示（存在）有某事物 試比較：There is a boy there.（那兒有一個(gè)男孩。）前一個(gè)there無(wú)實(shí)意，后一個(gè)there為副詞那里。 第6頁(yè)基本句型 三： （主謂賓） 此句型句子共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都含有實(shí)義，都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生動(dòng)作，但不能表示完整意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作

7、承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞。賓語(yǔ)位于及物動(dòng)詞之后，普通同主語(yǔ)組成一樣，不一樣是組成賓語(yǔ)代詞必須是代詞賓格，如：me，him，them等 （及物動(dòng)詞） 1.Who knows the answer? 誰(shuí)知道答案？ 2.He has refused to help them. 他拒絕幫他們。3.He enjoys reading. 他喜歡看書。4.He said Good morning. 他說：早上好！5.I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 6.He admits that he was mistaken. 他認(rèn)可犯了錯(cuò)誤。第7頁(yè)基本句型 四

8、 （主謂間賓直賓） 有些及物動(dòng)詞能夠有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，如：give給，pass遞，bring帶，show顯示。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)通常一個(gè)指人，為間接賓語(yǔ)；一個(gè)指物，為直接賓語(yǔ)。間接賓語(yǔ)普通位于直接賓語(yǔ)之前。 普通次序?yàn)椋簞?dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)。如：Give me a cup of tea,please.強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語(yǔ)次序?yàn)椋簞?dòng)詞 + 直接賓語(yǔ) +介詞+ 間接賓語(yǔ)。如：Show this house to Mr.Smith. （及物） （多指人） （多指物） She ordered herself a new dress. 她給自己定了一套新衣裳。2. She cooked her husband a

9、 delicious meal. 她給丈夫煮了一頓美餐。3. He brought you a dictionary. 他給你帶來了一本字典。4. I showed him my pictures. 我給他看我照片5. I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我汽車。第8頁(yè)基本句型 五: (主謂賓賓補(bǔ))此句型特點(diǎn)是: 動(dòng)詞即使是及物動(dòng)詞, 不過只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還不能表示完整意思, 必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成份來補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ), 才能使意思完整。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): 位于賓語(yǔ)之后對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說明成份。賓語(yǔ)與其補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有邏輯上主謂關(guān)系，它們一起組成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。能夠用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有名詞, 形容詞, 不定式,動(dòng)名詞, 分詞

10、, 介詞短語(yǔ)等。第9頁(yè)基本句型 五： （主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）名詞/代詞賓格 + 名詞The war made him a soldier. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使他成為一名戰(zhàn)士.名詞/代詞賓格 + 形容詞New methods make the job easy. 新方法使這項(xiàng)工作變得輕松. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 介詞短語(yǔ)I often find him at work. 我經(jīng)常發(fā)覺他在工作. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 動(dòng)詞不定式The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老師讓學(xué)生們關(guān)上窗戶. 名詞/代詞賓格 + 分詞I saw a cat running acros

11、s the road.我看見一只貓跑過了馬路.第10頁(yè)a. b. c. d. e. 1. Pleas tell us a story. _2. She smiled. _3. His job is to train swimmers. _4. He noticed a man enter the room. _5. Please look at the picture. _dabecExercises I 第11頁(yè)Exercises 2: 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)You are a student.He felt happy today.What you said made me happy.Could

12、you give me some advice on how to learn English well?After he finished his homework, he went away.He likes pop music.第12頁(yè)Exercises 3:(一) 挑出以下句中賓語(yǔ)1. My brother hasnt done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3. How many new words did you learn last class?4.Some of the students in t

13、he school want to go swimming, how about you?5. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.第13頁(yè)（二) 劃出句中直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ) Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen . Give it to Tom. Did he leave any mes

14、sage for me?第14頁(yè)(三) 挑出以下句中表語(yǔ)1. The old man was feeling very tired.2. Why is he worried about Jim?3.The leaves have turned yellow.4.Soon they all became interested in the subject. 5.She was the first to learn about it. 第15頁(yè)(四) 挑出以下句中賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) She found it difficult to do the work. He asked her to take th

15、e boy out of school.She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.第16頁(yè)Exercises 4:1、 Sorry, weve kept you_ for a long time.A. waited B. sing C. stand D. waiting 2 、The teacher told us _ late again.A. arent be B. don

16、t be C. not to be D. not be 3 、We find the room very_.A. warm B. warmly C. terribly D. hardly 4、Two balls are_.A. under the desk B. in the wall C. to here D. at desks 5、 I want_ a teacher when I grow up .A. to be B. to C. be D. being 6、 -Would you like to go on a picnic with me today?-I dont think s

17、o. To be honest, I really dont feel like_on apicnic.A. going B. to go C. go D. went 第17頁(yè)Exercises 5: Make sentences 這本有用字典是媽媽去年給我。他對(duì)音樂感興趣。當(dāng)冬天降臨時(shí)，白天變?cè)絹碓蕉?。上周我爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。你剛才看到李明正在操場(chǎng)打籃球嗎？The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.He is interested in music.The days get shorter and shorter when winter comes.My father bought a new bike for me last week.Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playgr