高中英語(yǔ)必修三Unit 2 Morals and Virtues知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納(單詞、短語(yǔ)、句型、語(yǔ)法)

1、Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納結(jié)（單詞+短語(yǔ)句子 +語(yǔ)法）一、重單詞和短語(yǔ)1. carry through sth 幫助人過(guò)關(guān)教材原句These words Dr Lin Qiaozhi a look into the heart this amazing woman, what carried her through a hard 林巧稚醫(yī)生的這番話讓我們可以窺見(jiàn)這位了不起的女性的內(nèi)心世界什么支持她 度過(guò)充滿艱難抉擇的一生。Her confidence carried through.自信心幫助她渡過(guò)了難關(guān)。朗文當(dāng)代聯(lián)想拓展 含 carry 的他常用短語(yǔ)ca

2、rry on 繼 carry 執(zhí)；行It important to carry out the work 趕快開(kāi)展這些工作是重要的。2. majority n大部；多教材原句At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose study medicine18 歲，她沒(méi)有像大多數(shù)女孩那樣遵循傳統(tǒng)的婚姻道路，而是選擇了學(xué)醫(yī)。常用搭配 be in the majority 占數(shù)the majority of. (of). 大多數(shù)In the nur

3、sing profession, women are in 女在護(hù)理行業(yè)中占大多數(shù)。特別注意 當(dāng)the majority 名”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的謂動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于 of 之的名詞；當(dāng) majority 單作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The majority of rented in probably advertised through housing agencies倫敦大部分的出租房屋可能是通過(guò)房屋中介做廣告的。第1頁(yè)The majority in favour banning smoking.大多數(shù)人支持禁煙。聯(lián)想拓展 adj.主要的 )主

4、修專業(yè) 次要的；較小的minority 少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族be in the minority 占數(shù)3. complain 抱怨發(fā)騷教材原句 should girls learn ？ good husband should be their final ！ her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition 想到高額的學(xué)費(fèi)，她哥哥抱怨道：為什么女孩子要學(xué)這么多？找到一個(gè)好丈夫才應(yīng)該 是她們的最終目標(biāo)！常用搭配 complain to sb about sth 向人投訴抱怨某事He threatened complain to the about

5、 not feeling appreciated at 他威脅說(shuō)要去向老板投訴在工作中不受賞識(shí)。聯(lián)想句 complaint 怨；投make complaint sb about/of 向人投訴抱怨某事a letter of complaint 投訴信Customers made a formal complaint about the way they were 顧客因他們被對(duì)待的方式提出了正式的投訴。4. respond vt回；復(fù) 作出應(yīng)回教材原句She responded, “Id stay single study my ！她回答道：我寧愿一輩子單身也要學(xué)習(xí)”第2頁(yè)常用搭配 respo

6、nd 回應(yīng)；出反應(yīng)Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly 掌握基本的急救技能將有助于你對(duì)緊急情況迅速作出反應(yīng)。聯(lián)想詞 應(yīng)；回答；回復(fù)in response (to作（的答復(fù)；作為的）反應(yīng)The law passed in response to 迫于公眾壓力，法律得以通過(guò)文當(dāng)代5. reject 拒絕受不用教材原句Dr Lin，rejected the offer然而，林醫(yī)生拒絕了那個(gè)提議。He tried to join the army but was rejected because of poor

7、 他想?yún)④?，但因身體太差未被接受。易混辨析 refuse 與 reject 的法區(qū)別refuse 為通語(yǔ)，常用于 refuse 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示拒絕做某事，也可接名詞，表示不接 受。 語(yǔ)氣比 refuse 強(qiáng)，表示斷然拒。He refused to take the 拒絕接受這筆錢。They rejected damaged 他拒收損壞的物，聯(lián)想詞 絕接受；否決6. appoint vt任；派約，定時(shí)、點(diǎn)教材原句In 1941, Dr Lin became the Chinese woman ever appointed director of the department of PUMC Hosp

8、ital, but just a months later, the department closed because of the 1941 年林醫(yī)生成為首位被任為北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科主任的中國(guó)女性，但僅僅幾個(gè) 月后，這一科室就因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而被關(guān)閉了。They have appointed a new head teacher at my sons 他們?cè)谖覂鹤幼x書的學(xué)校任命了一位新校長(zhǎng)。第3頁(yè)常用搭配 sb (as) 任命某人某個(gè)職位appoint sb sth 委派某人做某事appointed time/date 約的時(shí)間日期Mr is a careful and experienced en

9、gineer, so he is often appointed to finish some challenging tasks懷特先生是位細(xì)心且有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工程師，所以他經(jīng)常被派去完成一些有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)。 聯(lián)想詞 appointment 會(huì)；預(yù)約；任命have appointment with sb 與人有約make/arrange an appointment 預(yù)約；約時(shí)keep appointment 守約She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.她為兒子預(yù)約了看醫(yī)生的時(shí)間。 elect舉推；定做事教材原句In 1954,

10、elected to the first National Peoples Congress and, the several decades, she many important positions.1954 年她當(dāng)選為第一屆全國(guó)大代表，在接下來(lái)的幾十年間，她擔(dān)任過(guò)許多重要職 務(wù)。常用搭配 be elected to. 入被選為elect sb (as). 選某人為elect to sth 決選擇做某事He elected the new Prime 他被選為新一屆首相。 can elect to delete the message or save 你可以選擇刪除或者保存這條消息。第4頁(yè)

11、聯(lián)想詞 election 舉；推選；當(dāng)選 tend顧；照料教材原句She interested in tending patients, publishing medical research care for women and children, and training the next generation of 她更感興趣的是照顧病人女和兒童護(hù)理方面的醫(yī)學(xué)研究培訓(xùn)下一代醫(yī)生。 常用搭配 tend (to) sb 照顧某人Sofia was the bedroom tending her 索菲婭在臥室里照料她的兒子文當(dāng)代向；趨于常用搭配 tend to sth 易做某事；往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事

12、tend towards/to. 有的勢(shì)；傾People tend less they get older.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，人需要的睡眠通常會(huì)減少。The sort of music listen to varies, but it tends towards light 我聽(tīng)的音樂(lè)種類繁多，不過(guò)傾向于輕音樂(lè)聯(lián)想詞 tendency 向；趨勢(shì)a tendency to/towards的向have a tendency to sth 有做某事的趨勢(shì)This drug effective has tendency to cause headaches.第5頁(yè)這種藥很有效，但可能會(huì)引起頭疼。9. s

13、cared adj.害怕的對(duì)感到慌恐的教材原句She scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the 面試的時(shí)候太害怕了，以至于完全忘記了該如何回答這些問(wèn)題。常搭 be scared to 嚇得要聯(lián)想詞 驚嚇；使害怕 受驚嚇 驚恐驚（作單數(shù)社 會(huì)上的）大恐慌scare sb/sth away/off 把人某物嚇跑scare sb into/out of sth 恐嚇某人做不做某事scare sb to death 把某人嚇得要死 really gave us a ！你真的嚇

14、了我們一跳！Our guides will have guns with them for defence-they use to scare animals away if they come too 我們的導(dǎo)游將隨身帶槍用于防如果動(dòng)物靠得太近，他們就可以用槍將它們嚇跑。 Some parents to scare their children into behaving 有些父母試圖去嚇唬孩子讓他們守規(guī)矩。 adj恐怖的；嚇人的（多用于形容事物具有令人驚恐怕的特征）scary movies/stories 恐電影故事10. replace 接；代更教材原句The student union

15、 will hold special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the 學(xué)生會(huì)將在一月份舉行一次特別會(huì)議，選舉出接替秘書的人選。常用搭配 replace sth with/by sth 用代 will never replaced by computers in class.課堂上電腦永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)取代老師。聯(lián)想拓展 表示“代”的其他表達(dá)take place ， ones place, in of, in ones第6頁(yè)place, instead of。Natural methods of pest Control now tak

16、ing the place 自然方法正在取代化學(xué)品來(lái)控制蟲(chóng)害。I had to find someone to take 我必須找個(gè)人來(lái)替珍妮。If refuse to go, would send someone else 如果我不去，他們會(huì)派其他人代替。 probably picked up keys instead of 你可能沒(méi)拿你的鑰匙而錯(cuò)拿了我的。11. whisper vt& vi聲；語(yǔ)低 私說(shuō)傳教材原句I her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to heard.我看見(jiàn)她在他耳邊悄聲說(shuō)了些什么，顯

17、然是不想被聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。Let your heart guide you. whispers, so listen closely.跟隨你心的指引吧，它悄聲訴說(shuō)，所以請(qǐng)仔細(xì)聆聽(tīng)小腳板走天涯常見(jiàn)用法 whisper sth to sb 向人低聲說(shuō)某事whisper 輕聲對(duì)某人說(shuō)whisper about sth 嘀某事It whispered 私下說(shuō)；秘密告訴；悄聲暗示Mum whispered us, “Be ！ Your sisters 媽媽輕聲對(duì)我們說(shuō)：安靜！你們的小妹妹正在睡覺(jué)語(yǔ)（聲）；低語(yǔ)（聲）；傳言；謠傳常用搭配 in a whisper = in low voice 低地；耳語(yǔ)地12. a

18、ssist vt助援；助教材原句Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever could to assist the Chinese 盡管條件困難，白求恩大夫還是盡其所能幫助中國(guó)人民常用搭配 assist sb sth 在事上幫助某第7頁(yè)assist sb in doing sth 助某人做某事The family decided to assist with my 全家人決定幫我做家務(wù)聯(lián)想詞 助手；助理；商店店員 理的；副的 U幫助；援助易辨 assist， 和 aid 的用區(qū)易混詞assisthelp用法指幫助者在援助過(guò)程

19、中只起輔助作用，事情主要由被幫助者來(lái)做。 asked to assist him carrying through their plan 要我們幫助他完成他 的計(jì)劃。最普通用詞一般性的或迫切要的 幫重積極地為他人提供物質(zhì)、精神 或他方面的幫助He tries to people in trouble ， firmlybelieves they should do more help themselves盡力 幫有困難的人，但 仍堅(jiān)信他們更應(yīng)該 努自救。aid側(cè)重強(qiáng)者對(duì)急需幫助的弱者的幫助。This feature is designed to aidinexperienced 項(xiàng)特色是為幫助沒(méi)

20、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的用戶 而設(shè)的。13. memory n記力回憶教材原句After Dr Bethunes death, Chairman wrote an article in of he praised Dr Bethune as a hero remembered in 白求恩醫(yī)生去世后澤東主席寫了一篇文章紀(jì)念他章中毛主席稱贊白求恩醫(yī)生是 一名英雄，在中國(guó)將被銘記。常用搭配 in memory (=in sb)/to the of sb 作為對(duì)某人的紀(jì)念 have a good 記力好第8頁(yè)from memory 憑憶；根據(jù)記憶in/within memory 記中的For the Japanes

21、e festival Obon, people should go clean graves and light incense in memory of their 在日本的盂蘭盆節(jié)，人們要去掃墓、燒香，以紀(jì)念他們的祖先。A film will shot memory of these brave firefighters.一部紀(jì)念這些英勇消防員的電影即將開(kāi)拍。 yourself repeatedly before teaches the brain recall and apply knowledge from 在考試前反復(fù)測(cè)試自己，這樣能夠教會(huì)大腦從記憶中回想及運(yùn)用知識(shí)。聯(lián)想詞 memo

22、rise 住，熟記 值紀(jì)念的；難忘的聯(lián)想拓展 “in ”形的其他常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)in of 為對(duì)表示敬意紀(jì)in favour 支持；贊成in of 代in need of 需要in of 就而in search of 找in face of 面；面臨 tear淚；淚水（常用復(fù)數(shù)）教材原句She picked herself up limped away 第9頁(yè)她站起來(lái)，一瘸一拐地哭著走了。常用搭配 in tears 著淚；含著淚（作狀語(yǔ)）burst into tears/burst out crying 突大哭起來(lái)fight/hold back 強(qiáng)忍住淚水A player talked in tear

23、s of his training injuries in a live TV interview.一位游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員在一次電視直播采訪中含淚說(shuō)起自己帶傷訓(xùn)練的經(jīng)歷。 ，撕破；撕扯常用搭配 tear sth apart 撕某物；使某物分崩離析；某物分裂tear 推，毀（建筑物）tear 把紙或布）撕碎In animals world, a hungry animal cant wait to tear its prey 在動(dòng)物世界里，一只饑餓的動(dòng)物會(huì)迫不及待地把它的獵物撕碎。15. harm n& 傷；損教材原句“Is there no one in this village feels any

24、responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？“難道這個(gè)村子里沒(méi)有人覺(jué)得有任保護(hù)他們的鄰居免受傷害嗎常見(jiàn)用法 do no/great harm 無(wú)有極大的傷害do sb harm sb 對(duì)人有害 harm 沒(méi)惡there harm in doing sth 做事沒(méi)有什么壞處He no by saying thinks, people tend be upset by 他想到什么就說(shuō)什么，并無(wú)惡意，但人們聽(tīng)了往往會(huì)感到不快。They may able to help but theres harm in asking 第10頁(yè)他們可能幫不上忙

25、，但問(wèn)他們一下倒也無(wú)妨。聯(lián)想詞harmful 有害的be harmful to 對(duì)有害harmless 害的16. a great/good deal 大量教材原句After a great deal of effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to side of 經(jīng)過(guò)大量的努力，她終于成功把它移到了街道的一邊。There is a great learn from Hals expert approach.從哈爾熟練的方法中可以學(xué)到很多。Our patient is great better 我們的病人今天好多了。特別注意 a great/g

26、ood deal 只修飾不可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。A great of practice and research done in some developed countries.在一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已經(jīng)做了大量的實(shí)踐和研究工作。二重句講1. 1941 Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman to be appointed director of OB-GYN department of PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of

27、the war.句意： 年林醫(yī)生成為首位被任命為北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科主任的中國(guó)女性，但僅 僅幾個(gè)月后，這一科室就因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而被關(guān)閉了。知拓 動(dòng)詞定作置語(yǔ)由 the first，the last，the ， 所飾的詞后常跟不定式作定語(yǔ)。He the first man navigate the Atlantic by 第11頁(yè)他是第一個(gè)飛越大西洋的人。 way, right, chance, reason, ambition名詞后常跟不定式作定語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明其 飾的名詞的內(nèi)容。Thank for giving the chance to make the speech.謝謝你給我發(fā)言的機(jī)會(huì)。被修飾詞是 so

28、mething， 等不定代詞時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。 I have nothing to 沒(méi)有什么要說(shuō)的。2. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, was known as the mother of ten thousand babies, having delivered over 50,000 babies in lifetime.句意 林稚雖然終身未婚，但被譽(yù)“嬰之”一生共接生過(guò) 5 萬(wàn)個(gè)嬰兒。 知拓 動(dòng)詞ing 形式完式狀動(dòng)詞的ing 形的完成式“having+動(dòng)的ed 形式構(gòu)成。它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。在邏輯上，當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)執(zhí)行動(dòng)

29、-ing 形表示的動(dòng)作時(shí)，動(dòng)-ing 形的完成式用主動(dòng)式；當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)承受動(dòng)-ing 形式表示的動(dòng)作時(shí)，動(dòng)詞ing 形的完成式用被動(dòng)。動(dòng)詞ing 形的完成式只表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生以前已完成的動(dòng)作實(shí) 時(shí)間并沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系。只有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)同才表示現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)間。Having studied English for three years, he read brief stories in 學(xué)了三年英語(yǔ)，他能讀簡(jiǎn)短的英文故事。（謂語(yǔ)表示的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)間）Having been called a stranger, realised what happened.被一個(gè)陌生人叫住后，他意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么事。（謂語(yǔ)

30、表示的是過(guò)去時(shí)間） Having found out the will come back to apologise for his behaviour.他已經(jīng)查明了真相，他會(huì)回來(lái)為他的行為道歉的。（謂語(yǔ)表示的是將來(lái)時(shí)間） 3 Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had ！句意 想一下當(dāng)她在原來(lái)放石的地方看見(jiàn)那些金幣時(shí)的驚訝！知拓 where 引地狀從句where 可引地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，意“地方，where 是從屬連詞，從句修飾主句或 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Where there is a ， is a 第12

31、頁(yè)有志者，事竟成。 should go where we 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)叫枰覀兊牡胤饺ァ卧鼐湫涂偨Y(jié)句 1 “否定+比較”表示高意通譯“沒(méi)比更沒(méi)像 一”。常用的否定詞有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, 等知拓 表示高意的他構(gòu)比較級(jí) than+ anyone else比較級(jí) than+ any other+單名詞比較級(jí) than+ all (the) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí) than+ any of the 復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí) than+ the rest 復(fù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞He working harder than any other student in class.

32、= He is working harder than the other students in his class. working harder than any of other students in his class. working harder than the of students in his 他比班上的其他學(xué)生都更加努力。鏈接課文 To a person nothing is more precious their and they me with that how could I refuse that 對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)沒(méi)什么比生命珍貴如果他們把生命托付給我我么能拒絕這

33、種 信任呢經(jīng)典例句Nothing more valuable time, but nothing is less 沒(méi)有什么比時(shí)間更寶貴，但時(shí)間是最不受人重視的。I couldnt agree more with the concept that cheap things are not always 便宜的東西并不總是好的，我完全贊同這個(gè)說(shuō)法。Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City-there could not be more awesome ！第13頁(yè)想象一下在故宮上演這部歌劇不可能有比這更棒的場(chǎng)景了！句 2

34、sth takes/took+ 一段間+to do 需要長(zhǎng)間做事類似的句型有 takes 一段時(shí)+to do ，做某事花費(fèi)（某人）多長(zhǎng)時(shí)。鏈接課文Within six months, she was chief resident physician, position thatusually four years to 6 個(gè)內(nèi)，她被任命為住院總醫(yī)，這一職位通常需要 4 年間才能獲得。經(jīng)典例句It look me over 21 years to get college degree. college degree look over years 我花了超過(guò) 21 年時(shí)間才拿到大學(xué)學(xué)位That

35、 cut taking a long heal.那個(gè)傷口需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能愈合。Her took three to repair她的自行車用了三個(gè)小時(shí)才修好。句 3 neither. nor. 既不也不知識(shí)拓展 neither. 意既不也不，連接兩個(gè)并列的成分。連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式遵循就一致的原則接并列的分句且位于分句句首時(shí)兩個(gè)分 句都要用部分倒裝。鏈接課文 Neither nor her friends thought about moving the stone of the 她和她的朋友都沒(méi)想過(guò)把石頭從路上移開(kāi)。經(jīng)例Neither cause nor its cure unders

36、tood.人們既不知道它的病因，也不了解它的治療方法。Neither I nor Amy to attend the business conference if we are busy.如果我們忙的話，我和埃米都不會(huì)去參加那個(gè)商業(yè)會(huì)議。（連接并列的主語(yǔ)） They can neither read not write, nor they such 他們不會(huì)讀，不會(huì)寫，也理解不了這樣的概念。（連接并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）But if expectations-then their actions would neither not just 但是如果你不抱期望會(huì)怎么樣那么他們的行為就會(huì)變得既不好也不壞

37、是行 為而已。（連接并列的表語(yǔ)）第14頁(yè)Neither do it, nor care about it.我不知道這件事，也不關(guān)心它。（連接并列分句）四、單語(yǔ)法突破重 1、詞ing 形式賓補(bǔ)語(yǔ)教材原句 new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a role 中國(guó)成立 后，林巧稚醫(yī)生發(fā)揮了重要的作用。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to 我看見(jiàn)她在他耳邊悄聲說(shuō)了些什么，顯然是不想被聽(tīng)見(jiàn)(whispering. 作語(yǔ)

38、補(bǔ)足)動(dòng)詞ing 形作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)語(yǔ)往往是其邏輯主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)存在邏輯上的 主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。They computers the traffic running smoothly.他們使用電腦讓交通順暢。當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，原來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)-ing 形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 A cook will be immediately fired if he found smoking in 如果廚師被發(fā)現(xiàn)在廚房吸煙，他會(huì)被立即開(kāi)除。能用動(dòng)詞ing 形作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的幾類動(dòng)詞(1)表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的感官詞，常見(jiàn)的有 see，feel, find,

39、notice, observe 等One day, when she five years old, Hannah and her saw a eating out of garbage can.漢娜五歲時(shí)，有一天她和媽媽看到一個(gè)人從垃圾箱中翻找東西吃。Listening to music at home is thing ； going to hear being performed live is quite another在家里聽(tīng)音樂(lè)是一回事，去現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽(tīng)又是另一回事。On the bank of the river, we found him sitting on a bench, wit

40、h his eyes fixed on kite the sky.在河岸上，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他坐在長(zhǎng)凳上，眼睛盯著天上的風(fēng)箏。(2)表示指使意義的使役動(dòng)詞，見(jiàn)的有 ，get， ， 等I wont you running around the room.第15頁(yè)我不會(huì)讓你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。His left me wondering what he was driving 他的評(píng)論使我想知道他到底是什么意思。hearwatch 等官動(dòng)詞之后用動(dòng)詞ing 形和詞不定式（常省略 ）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。 She felt the tears roll dow

41、n her cheeks.她感到眼淚順著臉頰流了下來(lái)。She felt the tears tolling down her cheeks她感到眼淚正順著臉頰流下來(lái)。重 2、詞ing 形式狀教材原句 her brother complained, thinking of high tuition 想到高額的學(xué)費(fèi)，她哥 哥抱怨道（thinking 作原因狀語(yǔ)） of all the people in of help, Dr Lin opened a private 考慮到那些仍然需要幫助的人，林醫(yī)生便開(kāi)了一家私人診所。Thinking 作原因狀 語(yǔ)） Qiaozhi never married

42、, she was as “mother ten thousand babies”, having delivered ， babies her 林巧稚雖然終身未婚，但她被譽(yù)萬(wàn)之母，一生共接生過(guò) 萬(wàn)個(gè)嬰兒。having 為在分詞的完成式作原因狀語(yǔ)）動(dòng)詞的ing 形可在句中作狀語(yǔ)示時(shí)間因件結(jié)果伴隨方式讓等， 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。其基本形式如下：一般式完成式形式doingbeing having 含義與句子的主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的 主動(dòng)關(guān)系，與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作 同時(shí)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行。與句子的主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的 被動(dòng)關(guān)系，與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或 幾同時(shí)發(fā)生，表被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行。與句子的

43、主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的 主關(guān)系，先于句子謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，表 主、完成。第16頁(yè)havingdonebeen與句子的主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的 被關(guān)系，先于句子謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，表 被、完成。作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，還可與 ，while 等詞連用。Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. =While hearing theirteachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. =When hearing their teachers voice, the p

44、upils stopped talking at once聽(tīng)到他們老師的聲音，學(xué)生們立即停止了講話。Seeing that she was going off sleep, I asked if shed like doll her 看到她要去睡覺(jué)了，我問(wèn)她是否喜歡床上的那個(gè)小娃娃。see 與邏輯主語(yǔ) I 之間是主 動(dòng)關(guān)系，與句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生）Having worked for days, Steve managed finish his report 工作兩天后，史蒂夫設(shè)法按時(shí)完成了報(bào)告。work 的作發(fā)生在句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示 的動(dòng)作之前，且與其邏輯主語(yǔ) 之是主動(dòng)關(guān)系）Having been given good chance, how could slip ？人家給了她一個(gè)這么好的機(jī)會(huì)怎么能輕易放過(guò)（ 與其邏輯主語(yǔ) 之是被 動(dòng)關(guān)系，且發(fā)生在句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前）作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于 ，as 引的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。Not knowing how to work the difficult physics problem, asked the teacher for help. =Because didnt know to work th