【課件】外研版必修四Module4Grammar

1、GrammarThe Passive VoiceGrammarThe Passive VoiceWhat can you conclude from the following sentences from the text?1. Rice is also grown in many other countries.2. Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.3. As a boy he was educated in schools and was given a nickname4. Researchers were brought

2、in from all over ChinaWhat can you conclude from the讀下面的句子, 總結(jié)各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式。 1. Our teachers are respected by us.2. He will be beaten by me.3. Paper was first invented in China.4. They really have been poorly paid.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(Passive Voice)讀下面的句子, 總結(jié)各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式。 1. Ou5. Production costs had been greatly

3、reduced.6. A new railway is being built.7. The roads were being widened.5. Production costs had been g動(dòng)詞形式時(shí) 態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)am, is, are +過(guò)去分詞was, were +過(guò)去分詞shall, will +be+過(guò)去分詞am, is, are +being +過(guò)去分詞was, were +being +過(guò)去分詞has, have + been +過(guò)去分詞had been +過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞形式時(shí) 態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)

4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去When will you use passive voice? Look! Theres nothing here. Everything has been taken away.I was born in 1981.She is liked by everybody.He is said to be a good teacher.Youll be contacted.Star War is acted by Harrison Ford.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不必提出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者習(xí)慣用法不確定動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者行文的需要When will you use passive

5、voic1. 每天都有新的問(wèn)題被處理。 New problems are dealt with every day. 2. 明年將種許多樹(shù)。 Many trees will be planted next year.3. 計(jì)劃將會(huì)執(zhí)行。 The plan would be carried out. 1. 每天都有新的問(wèn)題被處理。4. 昨天下午這個(gè)問(wèn)題在會(huì)上正在被討論。 The question was being discussed at the meeting yesterday afternoon. 5. 那時(shí)收音機(jī)剛剛發(fā)明。 Radios had just been invented t

6、hen.4. 昨天下午這個(gè)問(wèn)題在會(huì)上正在被討論。短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：That old man was often laughed at.The doctor has been sent for.結(jié)論: 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中是一個(gè)不可分割的詞組, 在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中也是如此,不可去掉后面的介詞或副詞。短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：That old man was oft1. 一定要充分利用時(shí)間。 Time must be made good use of. 2. 壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)被改掉了。 Bad habits have been done away with.3. 那個(gè)計(jì)劃就要被他們放棄了。 The plan wi

7、ll be given up by them. 4. 孩子將被很好地照顧。 The children will be taken good care of.1. 一定要充分利用時(shí)間。1. He must be prevented from going.2. The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.結(jié)論: 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為: “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):1. He must be prevented from g改錯(cuò):Such things neednt talked. Such

8、things neednt be talked about.2. The books may kept for two weeks by you. The books may be kept for two weeks by you.改錯(cuò):Such things neednt talked.She heard him sing a song just now.He was heard to sing a song just now.結(jié)論: 主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)如果是不帶to的不定式, 在變成被動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí), to不能省去。She heard him sing a song just1. I

9、noticed him cross the street. He was noticed to cross the street.2. They often help me clean the room. I am helped to clean the room.3. We often see her read English in the morning. She is often seen to read English in the morning.1. I noticed him cross the str結(jié)論:帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式為:由其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ), 常為表示人的間

10、接賓語(yǔ)。We gave him some books.He was given some books.Some books were given to him.結(jié)論:帶雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的We gave him soWe elected him our monitor.He was elected our monitor by us.We saw him sitting there without doing anything.He was seen sitting there without doing anything.結(jié)論:帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

11、。We elected him our monitor.結(jié)論:The door was locked by the monitor.The door was locked.The composition was written with great care.The composition is well written.Look at the following sentences:The door was locked by the mon結(jié)論: 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作, 句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作對(duì)象; 而“連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(過(guò)去分詞)” 表示狀態(tài), 其中過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞, 因此被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可以有多種時(shí)態(tài),

12、 而“連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”中的只有一般時(shí)態(tài)和完成時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)論: 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作, 句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作對(duì)象; 而“連系動(dòng)1. -Your job _open for your return. - Thanks.2006北京卷 A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _at the garage.2006重慶卷 A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has be

13、en repaired走近高考1. -Your job _open 3. It is said that the early European playing-cards _for entertainment and education. 2006遼寧卷 A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed 4. Customers are asked to make sure that they _ the right change before leaving the shop.2006

14、 重慶卷 A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given3. It is said that the early E5. The construction of the two new railway lines _ by now. 2006 陜西卷 A. had completed B. have completed C. have been completed D. has been completed5. The construction of the two6. The water _ cool when I

15、 jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 2006 全國(guó)卷I A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels6. The water _ cool when7. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. 2006北京東城區(qū)高三模擬 A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame7. I feel it is your husband w8. In a roo

16、m above the store, where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table. (2006 湖南卷) A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held8. In a room above the store, 9. Do you have any problems if you _ this job? Well, Im thinking about the salary . (湖南2008) A. offer B. will of

17、fer C. are offered D. will be offered9. Do you have any problems 10. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio. (安 徽2008) A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught10. I like these English songs11. Whats that noise? Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _. (浙江

18、2008) A. was testedB. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested11. Whats that noise?12. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. (2007全國(guó)卷I) A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell12. The flowers were so lovely課后小練用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The trees _ (plant) in rows in the field by our class tomorrow.2. His leg _ (hurt) when he _ (fall) from the tree yesterday.3. The children must _ (take) good care of while their teacher is away.wil