2022-2023學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit2Let'stalkteens語(yǔ)法精講2簡(jiǎn)單句并列句和復(fù)合句課件牛津譯林版必修第一冊(cè)

1、語(yǔ)法精講簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句1簡(jiǎn)單句：只含有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。簡(jiǎn)單句有五種基本句型。(1)主語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞(主謂)He swims.他游泳。The girl is drinking.女孩在喝水。(2)主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)(主謂賓)Children often sing this song.孩子們經(jīng)常唱這首歌。(3)主語(yǔ)連系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)(主系表)The bike is new.這輛自行車是新的。The map is on the wall.地圖在墻上。(4)主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)(人)直接賓語(yǔ)(物)(主謂雙賓)She showed her friends all her pictures.她向她的朋友們展示了

2、她所有的照片。(5)主語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(主謂復(fù)賓)We keep our classroom clean.我們保持我們的教室干凈。特別注意簡(jiǎn)單句只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。簡(jiǎn)單句可以有兩個(gè)或更多的主語(yǔ)，也可以有兩個(gè)或更多的謂語(yǔ)，但是句子中的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)只有一個(gè)。Computers mean a lot to human beings and are paid more and more attention to by people.計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)人類意義重大，并越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注。(兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，一個(gè)主語(yǔ))2并列句：由并列連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起的句子，叫并列句。常見(jiàn)的連詞(1)表示并列關(guān)系：a

3、nd，not only.but also.，neither.nor.等。(2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系：but，yet, while, whereas(然而，反之)等。(3)表示因果關(guān)系：for，so等。(4)表示選擇關(guān)系：or，either.or.等。Im going to write good jokes and become a good comedian.我要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作出好的笑話并且成為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的喜劇演員。I have travelled to many places, but I still want to visit more.我已經(jīng)去很多地方旅游過(guò)了，但是我還想游覽更多的地方。While T

4、oms very good at science, his brother is absolutely hopeless.湯姆很擅長(zhǎng)理科，而他的兄弟絕對(duì)是不可救藥。Id like to know the class size for I prefer a small class.我想知道班級(jí)的規(guī)模，因?yàn)槲腋矚g人數(shù)較少的小班。They have different ideas, so they have solved the problem in different ways.他們有不同的想法，所以他們用不同的方式解決了問(wèn)題。Shall I send the book to you, or w

5、ill you come to get it？我把書郵寄給你，還是你來(lái)?。?主從復(fù)合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫主從復(fù)合句。主句和從句都具有完整的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，但從句只是主句的一個(gè)成分，不能獨(dú)立存在。根據(jù)從句在全句中的不同作用，從句可分為定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句(包含主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句)三大類。(1)定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)限制、描繪或說(shuō)明主句中某一個(gè)名詞或代詞(有時(shí)也可以說(shuō)明整個(gè)主句或主句中的一部分)而起定語(yǔ)作用的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句包含限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句兩大類。限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用，與先行詞之間的關(guān)系非常密切；非限制性定語(yǔ)從

6、句對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如果省去也不會(huì)影響主句的意思，它和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。He has two sons who work in the same company.他有兩個(gè)兒子在同一家公司上班。He failed in the match, which was a great pity.他在比賽中失敗了，這太遺憾了。(2)名詞性從句名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞(詞組)，在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。按其句法功能，名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。That he will come to the discussion is certain.他肯定會(huì)來(lái)

7、參加討論的。(主語(yǔ)從句)What I have told you is important.我告訴你的事很重要。(主語(yǔ)從句)I want to know whether you still work in the factory.我想知道你是否還在這家工廠工作。(賓語(yǔ)從句)The question is whether we can finish the work by tomorrow.問(wèn)題是我們是否能在明天之前完成這項(xiàng)工作。(表語(yǔ)從句)The news that he won the game was incorrect.他贏得比賽的消息是不實(shí)的。(同位語(yǔ)從句)聯(lián)想拓展其后常接同位語(yǔ)從句的

8、名詞有：fact, fear, hope, idea, news, suggestion, desire, thought, problem, possibility等。(3)狀語(yǔ)從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句的類型功能例句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里時(shí)，星期天常到海濱去。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)Make marks where you have questions.在你有問(wèn)題的地方做標(biāo)記。原因狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合

9、句中作原因狀語(yǔ)As she was young, she was not equal to the task.因?yàn)樗€年輕，勝任不了這項(xiàng)工作。目的狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作目的狀語(yǔ)Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.我會(huì)說(shuō)得慢些，以便你能理解我。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Jack is so tall a man that he can almost reach the branch.杰克個(gè)子這么高，幾乎夠得著那個(gè)樹(shù)枝。條件狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作條件狀語(yǔ)If I feel any doubt, I inquire.如果我有疑問(wèn)，我就問(wèn)。讓

10、步狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作讓步狀語(yǔ)I had a very good time though I didnt know anybody at the party.盡管在這次派對(duì)上我誰(shuí)也不認(rèn)識(shí)，但我還是玩得很愉快。方式狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作方式狀語(yǔ)Please do it as I told you.請(qǐng)按照我所講的去做。比較狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作比較狀語(yǔ)She dances as gracefully as her sister.她的舞姿同她妹妹的一樣優(yōu)雅?！倦S堂自測(cè)】.判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句1She was aged six when she first went to school._2

11、I asked him to come with me and he agreed._3While there is life there is hope._4I have never met Carl before, nor have I heard of him._5You werent at the meeting yesterday to hear what other people thought about this problem._復(fù)合句并列句復(fù)合句并列句復(fù)合句6You can either write to me or call me in my office._7We mu

12、st hurry, or well be late for class._8A man familiar with the subject can quickly catch the main idea of the lecture._9You cant count on him for help: he is such a busy man._10Bill often sleeps late and has no time for breakfast._并列句并列句簡(jiǎn)單句并列句簡(jiǎn)單句.判斷下列復(fù)合句中含有什么從句，并用“()”標(biāo)出從句。1I wondered if it would grow

13、 any larger._2We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government._3Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted._賓語(yǔ)從句；(if it would grow any larger)定語(yǔ)從句；(in which we had either to accept we were less impo

14、rtant, or fight the government)定語(yǔ)從句；(who have reached the agreed standard for their event)4Word came that he lost his life in the war to save another soldier._5True friends are who share your happiness as well as sadness._6After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery._7The judge doe

15、snt consider what each eyewitness looks like._8Native speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English._同位語(yǔ)從句；(that he lost his life in the war to save another soldier)表語(yǔ)從句；(who share your happiness as well as sadness)主語(yǔ)從句；(what happened to the Amber Room)賓語(yǔ)從句；(wha

16、t each eyewitness looks like)狀語(yǔ)從句；(even if they dont speak the same kind of English).單句語(yǔ)法填空1He was very tired of doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy because the crops grew higher.2_ she is very busy, she still devotes a lot of time to her children.3He got up early that morning _ he coul

17、d attend the meeting on time.4I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.5The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered _ the boy would do.but/yetThough/Although/Whilesothatwhat6My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived.7Read this story, _ you will realize that no