名詞性從句講解公開課

1、關于名詞性從句講解公開課第1頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四Noun Clause:Functions as a NOUN in a sentence. Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名詞在句中可以充當什么成分?第2頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power

2、.3.We Chinese are peace-loving. subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicative第3頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四What are noun clauses? His story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I listen to what he said. This is his

3、 story. This is what he said. The idea of going there is good. The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clause第4頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四什么叫名詞性從句？在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses）名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等

4、因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句第5頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四 名詞性從句 noun clause 主語從句subject clause 賓語從句object clause 表語從句predicative clause 同位語從句appositive clause第6頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四What kind of clauses are they? What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry.

5、 Why she did this is still unknown. Its hard to forget what we have learned in his classes. Please dont tell my mother when Ill give her my gift.第7頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四Thats why I cant follow you.The problem is that its very hard to catch your words.The fact that he tells lies all the time ma

6、kes us surprised.There is no doubt that it will rain tomorrow.第8頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四Im not sure whether you would like it or not.She felt very surprised that I finished it all by myself.I have no idea where he is.Please tell us the truth how many people were drowned in the flood.第9頁，共67頁，202

7、2年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四The novel tells that the truth always takes the side of the majority of people.I cant explain why he behaves like that.How he finished doing that is not important.Where we will go hasnt been decided yet.第10頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四名詞性從句中的連接詞有:連詞: that / whether / as if(though);連

8、接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 第11頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四連詞: 引導從句，但在從句中不作成分 that ：無詞義，不作成分，起連接作用whether/if：“是否”不作成分，起連接作用 If只用于賓從中as if(though)：“好象”只連接表語從句連接代詞：引導從句，并在從句中作成分What（ever）：（無論）什么，作主，賓，表

9、，定語which（ever）：（無論）哪一個（些）作主，賓，表，定語Who（ever） ： “（無論）誰（主格）”作主，賓Whom（ever ）：“ （無論）誰（賓格）”作賓 whose （ever ）：“（無論）誰的，作定 第12頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四連接副詞: 引導從句，作狀語 When （ever） ：“什么時候” 作狀語 where ：“什么地方”how ：怎樣why ：為什么從句中用陳述句序：疑問詞+陳述句語序第13頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四分類詞形詞義作從句的成分注意點連接詞that/賓從中可省whether/if是否

10、/If只用于賓從中有or not時不能用as if(though)好象/連接代詞What（ever）（無論）什么，作主，賓，表，定語.東西，事情which（ever）（無論）哪一個（些）作主，賓，表，定語/Who（ever）“（無論）誰（主格）”作主，賓/Whom（ever ）“ （無論）誰（賓格） ”作賓/whose （ever ）“（無論）誰的，作定/連接副詞When （ever） “什么時候”作狀語/where“什么地方”作狀語/how怎樣作狀語/why為什么作狀語/第14頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四Finish exercise on page 9(text

11、book):underline all the noun clauses you can find（1） 名詞性從句構成有3種That + 陳述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. if/whether + 陳述句No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c. 疑問詞+句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.第15頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四名詞性從句考點歸納一、名詞

12、性從句的語序：陳述語序(1) that 和whether/if引導的從句 She sensed something.A tall man in a dark coat was staring at herShe sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.She wondered.Would the buses still be running?She wondered if/whether the buses would still be running.第16頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，

13、星期四(2) 疑問詞引導的名詞性從句也要求使用陳述句 語序，不能用一般疑問句（倒裝）語序。他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live?( )FTTF第17頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四1. 主語從句：從句在句中充當主語成分1). he wi

14、ll succeed is certain .2) he will go there is not known .3) he said is not true .4) he hid the money is to be found out .5) comes is welcome.6) Its certain he will succeed .7) we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8) theyll start the project has not been decided yet.ThatWhetherWhat

15、WhereWhoeverthatHow When第18頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四由 that 引導:1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的)3. _ is a pity. (你錯過了這次機會) that 無意義, 后接一個完整的句子. that 不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance第19頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四 考點一:主語從句后置! 為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it

16、作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. 例:That we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.- 2. That you missed the chance is a pity.- 由連詞 whether 和 if, 連接代詞 what,who,which 和連接副詞 when,where,why,how 等引導.也 常常后置: It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its k

17、nown to all that the earth is round.第20頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四It doesnt matter if/whether he is a foreigner.It is a question whether he is willing to come.It is unknown how she has reduced her weight in such a short time.第21頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四It 的用法： （形式主語） It possible/important/necess

18、ary/clear that很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 Its said/ reported that.據(jù)說/據(jù)報道 Its been announced/declared that.已經(jīng)通知/宣布 It seems/appears/happens. that顯然、明顯、 碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪/無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知） / a common saying.（俗話說）第22頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四It is well known /reported / t

19、hought/said that It is clear/ necessary/ certain/ true/doubtfulthatIt is a pity/a shame/an honour/ thatIt doesnt matter whetherIt seems that It happens that第23頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四考點二注意：主語從句中 ，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)What引導的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定What he needs _is_ that book.What he needs _are_ some books.第24頁，共67頁，20

20、22年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四賓語從句第25頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四賓語從句：1.從句在句中充當賓語成分（ 可以作謂語動詞、介詞、形容詞，不定式等非謂語動詞的賓語）連詞：that, whether，if （ that ?？墒÷裕?who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how1). They know that the habit will kill them.2).It all depends on whether they will support us .3) I am afraid

21、that he didnt call me .4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.第26頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四用if 或whether 填空1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.3. The question

22、 is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhether第27頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四1).whether和if都可以引導賓語從句 a.當whether后緊跟or not時,不用if. eg: I dont know whether I will stay or not.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別第28頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四1. It

23、depends on _ we will have enough money.2. _ they can do it matters little to us.3._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf 第29頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四2).that在賓語從句中的省略與保留a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補+that 從句(真正賓語) 的句型中不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. I dont t

24、hink it right that you leave home without telling your parents.b.由連詞and連接的兩個由that引導 的賓語從句中,第二個that 不省略.eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.第30頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四3. 時態(tài)一致（主從句中一致）1）.當從句表達的是客觀事實，真理，自然現(xiàn)象時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。2）在“命令，要求，建議”等相關詞后的名詞性從句中常用虛擬語氣（suggest.advise）第3

25、1頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應1. 如果主句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或將來時,從句謂語 可根據(jù)句意需要而選用任一種時態(tài). a .他相信他的夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn)的. He believes _ . b .請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么. Please tell me _.his dream will come true some daywhat you were doing at this time yesterday第32頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四2. 如果主句謂語是過去時,從句謂語動詞一般用過去的 某種時態(tài),但從句表達的是客觀事實

26、、真理、自然規(guī) 律等時，從句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。 他告訴我他正在為考試做準備。 He told me _ . 他說他已離開家鄉(xiāng)十年了。 He told me _. 老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行的。 The teacher tells us _he was preparing for the examinationHe had been away from his hometown for ten yearslight travels in a straight line.第33頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四 1. The fact is _ she doesnt li

27、ke pop music. 2. My trouble is _ I dont have enough experience. 3. The question is _ he will be present or not. 4. What troubled him was _ he could get the money. The predicative clause is also easy!thatthatwhetherwhether/where/how第34頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四3. 表語從句：從句在句中充當表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后. 作用：對主語

28、進行解釋說明。連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不引導 表語從句)連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time .He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .第35頁，共67

29、頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四because, as if 也可引導表語從句: 1. He is absent today. Its _ he is seriously ill. 2. It looks _ its going to rain again. True or False: Her suggestion is that we will do it by turns. Her suggestion is that we do it by turns.becauseas if第36頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四4 同位語從句：從句在句中充當同位

30、語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明.同位語從句常用 that 引導或用連接副詞when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .2) Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them .3).Sydney kept his promise t

31、hat he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.第37頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四三、同位語從句的引導和辨別1.同位語從句的格式：n.+ 連接詞 + 從句2.能接同位語從句的名詞有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等3.連接詞通常是that,也可根據(jù)含義選用 whether, what, when, where 等來引導同位語從句。第38頁，共67頁，2022年

32、，5月20日，3點52分，星期四1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.that/ whether / where/ howwherehowthatthatwhether第39頁

33、，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night._ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and te

34、achers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.第40頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, e

35、specially kids in school.3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese

36、students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.第41頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四引導名詞從句的關聯(lián)詞。分析下列賓語從句中的連詞I dont doubt （that ）you will succeed.I dont know whether/if he will come tonight.I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.3個句子中的連詞that, whether, i

37、f （是否）在名詞性從句中只起連接作用，在句中不擔任成分,被稱為連接詞注意：a. that 本身無意義，在賓語從句中可以省略，但在別的三種名詞性從句中不可以省略。 B. whether 和if有是否的意義，在賓語從句中二者通?？梢曰Q。但whether 可以用于所有的四種名詞性從句，而if 僅可以用于賓語從句。連接詞第42頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四注 意：在表語從句中，表“是否” 時，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。引導多個并列賓語從句時，引導第一個賓語從句“that”可以省 It is /was because . 這是

38、因為 It is /was why. 這就是為什么3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .第43頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四另外，在名詞性從句中，我們還須特別注意以下問題：填空:1.The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied2.The reason _ he gave for his absent is _ he was ill.reason 后面的表語從句只能用that 引導, 不能用why 引導,

39、但reason后面的定語從句可以用why 或者that 引導。第44頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四綜合運用：The earth is round, _ is known to everybody.as/which2. _ is known to everybody, the earth is round.As3. _ the earth is round is known to everybody.That4. _ is known to everybody that the earth is round.It5. Everybody knows _ the eart

40、h is round.that6. _ surprised us very much that our teacher left without a word.It7. _ surprised us very much was that our teacher left without a word.What 第45頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四 Choose the correct sentence from each pair:He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and that you wouldnt un

41、derstand.He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and you wouldnt understand.Just then I noticed, for the first time, our master was wearing his fine green coat.Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat.第46頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四I must never t

42、ell anyone that I could not see the cloth.I must never tell anyone I could not see the cloth.We think it important that we study hard.We think it important we study hard.第47頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四Whether he will accept your offer, I dont know.If he will accept your offer, I dont know.I think th

43、at he will not appear.I dont think that he will appear.第48頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四 Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me. If she comes or not doesnt concern me. When and where we will go are still not known. When and where we will go is still not known.第49頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四I wish

44、I saw you yesterday.I wish I had seen you yesterday.The doctor suggested that she rests for a few days.The doctor suggested that she rest for a few days.考點二: 虛擬語氣 subjunctive mood.第50頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四 Its high/about time that I leave. Its high/about time that I left. It is demanded that h

45、e (should) leave at once. It is demanded that he left at once.第51頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四1.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for2._he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3.All finished, we sat down to

46、enjoy _ we thought the most delicious dinner.A. that B. which C. what D. it歷屆高考題第52頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四4.Mr Mike didnt understand _ made his wife so upset this morning. what was it B. why it was this C. how that was D. what it was that5.I wonder_. who of them should I elect B. who of them I

47、should elect C. which of them should I electD. which of them I should elect 第53頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四6.It was not until dark _ he found _ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.that; what B. that; that C. when; what D. when; that7.Scientists believe native Americans arrived by cro

48、ssing the land bridge that connected Siberia and _ more than10,000 years ago.A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now C. is now Alaska D. what is now Alaska第54頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四8.Is this factory _ the false wine was made? Yes. And also the one _ used to sell forged cigarettes.the one; where B. t

49、hat; that C. what; which D. where; that 9._Do you think _ we should do to improve our English?A./;what B. What; that C. What ;/ D. How; that10.The argument remained extremely heated_ there are necessary conditions of existence such as water on the Mars.A. that B. whether C. if D. about which第55頁，共67

50、頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四11.Youd better give the task to _ you think can succeed in carrying it out ahead of time. A. whomever B. no matter who C. anyone D. whoever12._turn color and fall to the ground is a sign of winter. A. That leaf B. That leaves C. Those leaf D. Those leaves13.Your shoes are_. A.

51、 where they were B. the place you put C. in the corner that you put D. there they are第56頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四14.The boy dived into the water and after_ seemed to be a long time, he came up again.A. that B. what C. it D. which15.When Christopher Columbus reached _is now the USA, he called the

52、people of the new world “Indians”.which B. what C. where D. the place where16._he was ill, I was expected to take his place greatly surprised me for I didnt have much experience.A. If B. If that C. That D. That if第57頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四17. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to wi

53、n the game.why B. what C. who D. that 18. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.whichever B. howeverC. whatever D. whenever19. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth.A. / B. whether C. how D. what 第58頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四20. _

54、 in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.What is required B. What requiresC. It is required D. It requires21. Great changes have taken place in that school is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped.what; when B. that; whichC.

55、 what; which D. which; that 第59頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四22. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which23. Mum is coming . What present _ for your birthday?you expect she has

56、 got B. you expect has she gotC. do you expect shes got D. do you expect has she got第60頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四24. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.will not be sent; that B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 25. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A. that B. what C. as D. which第61頁，共67頁，2022年，5月20日，3點52分，星期四26. Along with the letter was his promise