商業(yè)銀行管理Chap00課件1

1、Chapter OneAn Overview of the Changing Financial-Services SectorChapter OneAn Overview of the Key TopicsPowerful Forces Reshaping the Industry What Is a Bank? The Financial System and Competing Financial-Service Institutions Old and New Services Offered to the Public Key Trends Affecting All Financi

2、al-Service Firms Appendix: Career Opportunities in Banking and Financial ServicesKey TopicsPowerful Forces ReshIntroductionBanks are the principal source of credit (loanable funds) for millions of individuals and families and for many units of governmentWorldwide banks grant more installment loans t

3、o consumers (individuals and families) than any other financial-service providerThe assets held by U.S. banks represent about one-fifth of the total assets In other nations banks hold half or more of all assets in the financial systemIntroductionBanks are the prinWhat Is a Bank?A bank can be defined

4、 in terms of:The economic functions it performsThe services it offers its customersThe legal basis for its existenceHistorically, banks have been recognized for the great range of financial services they offerBank service menus are expanding rapidly today to include investment banking, insurance pro

5、tection, financial planning, advice for merging companies, the sale of risk-management services to businesses and consumers, and numerous other innovative financial productsWhat Is a Bank?A bank can be dEXHIBIT 1-1 The Many Different Kinds of Financial-Service Firms Calling Themselves BanksEXHIBIT 1

6、-1 The Many DifferentWhat Is a Bank? (continued)Money-Centered Banks vs. Community BanksMoney-center banksIndustry leadersCover whole regions, nations, and continentsOffer the widest possible menu of financial servicesAcquire smaller businessesFace tough global competitionCommunity banksMuch smaller

7、Service local communities and townsOffer a narrower, but often more personalized, menu of financial servicesWhat Is a Bank? (continued)MonWhat Is a Bank? (continued)The Legal Basis for Banking A bank is any business offering deposits subject to withdrawal on demand and making loans of a commercial o

8、r business natureCongress then defined a bank as any institution that could qualify for deposit insurance administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)Under federal law in the U.S., a bank had come to be defined, not so much by its array of service offerings, but by the government

9、 agency insuring its depositsWhat Is a Bank? (continued)TheThe Financial System and Competing Financial-Service InstitutionsRoles of the Financial System The primary purpose of the financial system is to encourage saving and to transfer those savings to individuals and institutions planning to inves

10、t and needing credit to do soThis process of encouraging savings and transforming savings into investment spending causes the economy to grow, new jobs to be created, and living standards to riseThe financial system also provides a variety of supporting services:Payment servicesRisk protection servi

11、cesLiquidity servicesThe Financial System and CompeThe Financial System and Competing Financial-Service Institutions (continued)The Competitive Challenge for Banks Lately, the financial market share that banking comprised has fallenSome authorities in the financial-services field fear that this appa

12、rent erosion of market share may imply that traditional banking is dyingOther experts counter that banking is not dying but changing by offering new services and changing its formThe banking industrys largest customers have found ways around banks to obtain the funds that they needBorrowing in the o

13、pen marketPerhaps banking is being “regulated to death” The Financial System and CompeThe Financial System and Competing Financial-Service Institutions (continued)Leading Competitors with Banks Savings AssociationsCredit UnionsFringe BanksMoney Market FundsMutual Funds (Investment Companies)Hedge Fu

14、ndsSecurity Brokers and DealersInvestment BanksFinance CompaniesFinancial Holding CompaniesLife and Property/Casualty Insurance CompaniesThe Financial System and CompeThe Financial System and Competing Financial-Service Institutions (continued)Leading Competitors with Banks Financial-service provide

15、rs are converging in terms of the services they offerThe U.S. Financial Services Modernization (Gramm-Leach-Bliley) Act of 1999 has allowed many different types of financial firms to offer the public one-stop shopping for financial services The challenge of differentiating banks from other financial

16、-service providers is difficult todayThe Financial System and CompeEXHIBIT 12 Comparative Size by Industry of Commercial Banks and Their Principal Financial-Service CompetitorsEXHIBIT 12 Comparative Size bServices Banks and Many of Their Closest Competitors Offer the Public Services Banks Have Offer

17、ed for CenturiesCarrying Out Currency ExchangeDiscounting Commercial Notes and Making Business LoansOffering Savings DepositsSafekeeping of Valuables and Certification of ValueSupporting Government Activities with CreditOffering Checking Accounts (Demand Deposits)Offering Trust ServicesServices Bank

18、s and Many of TheServices Banks and Many of Their Closest Competitors Offer the Public (continued)Services Banks and Many of Their Financial-Service Competitors Began Offering in the Past CenturyGranting Consumer LoansFinancial Advising Managing CashOffering Equipment LeasingMaking Venture Capital L

19、oansSelling Insurance PoliciesSelling and Managing Retirement PlansDealing in Securities: Offering Security Brokerage and Investment Banking ServicesOffering Mutual Funds, Annuities, and Other Investment Products Offering Merchant Banking ServiceOffering Risk Management and Hedging Services Services

20、 Banks and Many of TheTABLE 11 The Many Different Roles Banks and Their Closest Competitors Play in Todays EconomyTABLE 11 The Many Different RTABLE 12 Some of the Leading Financial-Service Firms around the GlobeTABLE 12 Some of the Leading Key Trends Affecting All Financial-Service Firms Crisis, Re

21、form, and ChangeService ProliferationRising CompetitionGovernment Deregulation and then ReregulationCrisis, Reform, and Change in Banking and Financial ServicesAn Increasingly Interest-Sensitive Mix of FundsTechnological Change and AutomationConsolidation and Geographic ExpansionConvergenceGlobaliza

22、tionKey Trends Affecting All FinanQuick QuizWhat is a bank? How does a bank differ from most other financial-service providers?Why are some banks reaching out to become one-stop financial-service conglomerates? Is this a good idea?Which businesses are bankings closest and toughest competitors? What services do they offer that compete directly with banks services?What is happening to bankings share of the financial marketplace and why? How have banking and the financial-services market changed in recent years? What powerfu