(環(huán)境管理)中國(guó)的環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題

1、中國(guó)的環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題（英漢對(duì)照）中國(guó)政府十分重視因人口增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題，把保護(hù)環(huán)境作為提高人民生活水平和生活質(zhì)量的一個(gè)重要方面。為了促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)與環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，中國(guó)在80年代制定并實(shí)施了一系列保護(hù)環(huán)境的方針、政策、法律和措施。TheChinesegovernmenthaspaidgreatattentiontotheenvironmentalissuesarisingfromthecountryspopulationgrowthandeconomicdevelopment,andhasmadeprotectingtheenvironmentanimportantaspectof

2、theimprovementofthepeopleslivingstandardsandqualityoflife.Inordertopromotecoordinateddevelopmentbetweentheeconomy,thesocietyandtheenvironment,Chinaenactedandimplementedaseriesofprinciples,policies,lawsandmeasuresforenvironmentalprotectioninthe1980s.確立環(huán)境保護(hù)為中國(guó)的一項(xiàng)基本國(guó)策。防治環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞以及合理開(kāi)發(fā)利用自然資源關(guān)系到國(guó)家的全局利益和

3、長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展，中國(guó)政府堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹執(zhí)行環(huán)境保護(hù)這項(xiàng)基本國(guó)策。-MakingenvironmentalprotectiononeofChinasbasicnationalpolicies.Thepreventionandcontrolofenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldestructionandtherationalexploitationandutilizationofnaturalresourcesareofvitalimportancetothecountrysoverallinterestsandlong-termdevelopment.TheChi

4、nesegovernmentisunswervinglycarryingoutthebasicnationalpolicyofenvironmentalprotection.制定經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)和環(huán)境建設(shè)同步規(guī)劃、同步實(shí)施、同步發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益、環(huán)境效益相統(tǒng)一的指導(dǎo)方針，實(shí)行“預(yù)防為主，防治結(jié)合”、“誰(shuí)污染，誰(shuí)治理”和“強(qiáng)化環(huán)境管理”三大政策。-Formulatingtheguidingprinciplesofsimultaneousplanning,simultaneousimplementationandsimultaneousdevelopmentforeconomicco

5、nstruction,urbanandruralconstructionandenvironmentalconstruction,andcombiningtheeconomicreturnswithsocialeffectsandenvironmentalbenefits;andcarryingoutthethreemajorpoliciesofpreventionfirstandcombiningpreventionwithcontrol,makingthecauserofpollutionresponsiblefortreatingitandintensifyingenvironmenta

6、lmanagement.頒布實(shí)施環(huán)境保護(hù)的法律法規(guī)，把環(huán)境保護(hù)建立在法制的基礎(chǔ)上，不斷完善環(huán)境法律體系，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法程序，加大執(zhí)法力度，保證環(huán)境法律法規(guī)的有效實(shí)施。-Promulgatingandputtingintoeffectlawsandregulationsregardingenvironmentalprotectionandplacingenvironmentalprotectiononalegalfooting,continuouslyimprovingthestatutesconcerningtheenvironment,formulatingstrictlaw-enforcemen

7、tproceduresandincreasingtheintensityoflawenforcementsoastoensuretheeffectiveimplementationoftheenvironmentallawsandregulations.堅(jiān)持環(huán)境保護(hù)納入國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃，實(shí)施國(guó)家指導(dǎo)下的宏觀調(diào)控與管理，逐步增加對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的投入，使環(huán)境保護(hù)與各項(xiàng)建設(shè)事業(yè)統(tǒng)籌兼顧，協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。-Persistinginincorporatingenvironmentalprotectionintotheplansfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,i

8、ntroducingtoitmacroregulationandmanagementunderstateguidance,andgraduallyincreasingenvironmentalprotectioninputsoastogivesimultaneousconsiderationtoenvironmentalprotectionandotherundertakingsandensuretheircoordinateddevelopment.建立健全各級(jí)政府的環(huán)境保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)，形成比較完善的環(huán)境管理體制，充分發(fā)揮環(huán)境監(jiān)督管理的作用。-Establishingandimprovingenv

9、ironmentalprotectionorganizationsundergovernmentsatalllevels,formingarathercompleteenvironmentalcontrolsystem,andbringingintofullplaythegovernmentsroleinenvironmentalsupervisionandadministration.加速環(huán)境科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)理論研究，組織科技攻關(guān)，開(kāi)發(fā)和推廣防治環(huán)境污染的實(shí)用技術(shù)，扶植環(huán)境保護(hù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，初步形成了環(huán)境保護(hù)科研體系。-Acceleratingprogressinenvironment

10、alscienceandtechnology.Strengtheningresearchintobasictheories,organizingthetacklingofkeyscientificandtechnologicalproblems,developingandpopularizingpraciticaltechnologyforenvironmentalpollutionpreventionandcontrol,fosteringthegrowthofenvironmentalprotectionindustries,andgivinginitialshapetoanenviron

11、mentalprotectionscientificresearchsystem.開(kāi)展環(huán)境宣傳教育，提高全民族的環(huán)境意識(shí)。廣泛進(jìn)行環(huán)境宣傳，逐步普及中小學(xué)環(huán)境教育，發(fā)展環(huán)境保護(hù)在職教育和專業(yè)教育，培養(yǎng)環(huán)境科學(xué)技術(shù)和管理方面的專門人才。-Carryingoutenvironmentalpublicityandeducationtoenhancethewholenationsawarenessoftheenvironment.Widelyconductingenvironmentalpublicitywork,graduallypopularizingenvironmentaleducationi

12、nsecondaryandprimaryschools,developingon-the-jobeducationinenvironimentalprotectionandvocationaleducation,andtrainingspecializedpersonnelinenvironmentalscienceandtechnologyaswellasenvironmentaladministration.推進(jìn)環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)域的國(guó)際合作。積極發(fā)展同世界各國(guó)和國(guó)際組織在環(huán)境與發(fā)展方面的交流與合作，認(rèn)真履行國(guó)際環(huán)境公約，努力發(fā)揮中國(guó)在國(guó)際環(huán)境事務(wù)中的作用。-Promotinginternatio

13、nalcooperationinthefieldofenvironmentalprotection.Activelyexpandingexchangesandcooperationconcerningtheenvironmentanddevelopmentwithothercountriesandinternationalorganizations,earnestlyimplementinginternationalenvironmentalconventions,andseekingscopeforChinasroleinglobalenvironmentalaffairs.進(jìn)入90年代，國(guó)

14、際社會(huì)與世界各國(guó)在探索解決環(huán)境與發(fā)展問(wèn)題的道路上邁出了重要一步。1992年6月，聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境與發(fā)展大會(huì)把可持續(xù)發(fā)展作為未來(lái)共同的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，得到了與會(huì)各國(guó)政府的普遍贊同。Sincethebeginningofthe1990stheinternationalcommunityandvariouscountrieshavemadeanimportantstepforwardinexploringsolutionstoproblemsoftheenvironmentanddevelopment.TheUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment,h

15、eldinJune1992,madesustainabledevelopmentthestrategyforcommondevelopmentinthefuture,andthiswonwideacclaimfromthegovernmentsofallcountriesrepresentedattheconference.1992年8月，聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境與發(fā)展大會(huì)之后，中國(guó)政府提出了中國(guó)環(huán)境與發(fā)展應(yīng)采取的十大對(duì)策，明確指出走可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路是當(dāng)代中國(guó)以及未來(lái)的必然選擇。InAugust1992,shortlyafterthatconference,theChinesegovernmentputfor

16、wardtenmajormeasuresChinawastoadopttoenhanceitsenvironmentanddevelopment,clearlypointingoutthattheroadofsustainabledevelopmentwasalogicalchoiceforChinanowandinthefuture.1994年3月，中國(guó)政府批準(zhǔn)發(fā)布了中國(guó)21世紀(jì)議程中國(guó)21世紀(jì)人口、環(huán)境與發(fā)展白皮書，從人口、環(huán)境與發(fā)展的具體國(guó)情出發(fā)，提出了中國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的總體戰(zhàn)略、對(duì)策以及行動(dòng)方案。有關(guān)部門和地方也分別制定了實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。InMarch1994theChin

17、esegovernmentapprovedandpromulgatedChinasAgenda21-WhitePaperonChinasPopulation,Environment,andDevelopmentinthe21stCentury.Thisdocument,proceedingfromthecountrysspecificnationalconditionsinthesethreerespects,putforwardChinasoverallstrategy,measuresandprogramofactionforsustainabledevelopment.Thevariou

18、sdepartmentsandlocalitiesalsoworkedouttheirrespectiveplansofactiontoimplementthestrategyforsustainabledevelopment.1996年3月，第八屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第四次會(huì)議審議通過(guò)的中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展九五計(jì)劃和2010年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要，把實(shí)施可持續(xù)發(fā)展作為現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的一項(xiàng)重大戰(zhàn)略，使可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略在中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中得以實(shí)施。AtitsFourthSessioninMarch1996ChinasEighthNationalPeoplesCongressexamineda

19、ndadoptedtheNinthFive-YearPlanofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopmentandtheOutlineoftheLong-TermTargetfortheYear2010.BoththePlanandOutlinetakesustainabledevelopmentasanimportantstrategyformodernization,thusmakingitpossiblefortheimplementationofthestrategyofsustainabledevel

20、opmentinthecourseofChinaseconomicconstructionandsocialdevelopment.二、逐步完善的法律體系與管理體制中國(guó)重視環(huán)境法制建設(shè)，目前已經(jīng)形成了以中華人民共和國(guó)憲法為基礎(chǔ)，以中華人民共和國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)法為主體的環(huán)境法律體系。中華人民共和國(guó)憲法規(guī)定：“國(guó)家保護(hù)和改善生活環(huán)境和生態(tài)環(huán)境，防治污染和其他公害?！薄皣?guó)家保障自然資源的合理利用，保護(hù)珍貴的動(dòng)物和植物。禁止任何組織或者個(gè)人用任何手段侵占或者破壞自然資源。”中華人民共和國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)法是中國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)的基本法。該法確立了經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、社會(huì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的基本方針，規(guī)定了各級(jí)政府、一切單位和個(gè)人

21、保護(hù)環(huán)境的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。中國(guó)針對(duì)特定的環(huán)境保護(hù)對(duì)象制定頒布了多項(xiàng)環(huán)境保護(hù)專門法以及與環(huán)境保護(hù)相關(guān)的資源法，包括：水污染防治法、大氣污染防治法、固體廢物污染環(huán)境防治法、海洋環(huán)境保護(hù)法、森林法、草原法、漁業(yè)法、礦產(chǎn)資源法、土地管理法、水法、野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)法、水土保持法、農(nóng)業(yè)法等。中國(guó)政府還制定了噪聲污染防治條例、自然保護(hù)區(qū)條例、放射性同位素與射線裝置放射防護(hù)條例、化學(xué)危險(xiǎn)品安全管理?xiàng)l例、淮河流域水污染防治暫行條例、海洋石油勘探開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境保護(hù)管理?xiàng)l例、海洋傾廢管理?xiàng)l例、陸生野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)實(shí)施條例、風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)管理暫行條例、基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)條例、城市綠化條例等30多件環(huán)境保護(hù)行政法規(guī)。此外，各有關(guān)部門還發(fā)布了大量的

22、環(huán)境保護(hù)行政規(guī)章。中國(guó)地方人民代表大會(huì)和地方人民政府為實(shí)施國(guó)家環(huán)境保護(hù)法律，結(jié)合本地區(qū)的具體情況，制定和頒布了600多項(xiàng)環(huán)境保護(hù)地方性法規(guī)。環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是中國(guó)環(huán)境法律體系的一個(gè)重要組成部分，包括環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、樣品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和方法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。到1995年底，中國(guó)頒布了364項(xiàng)各類國(guó)家環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。中國(guó)法律規(guī)定，環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)屬于強(qiáng)制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，違反強(qiáng)制性環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，必須承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的法律責(zé)任。在建立健全環(huán)境法律體系的過(guò)程中，中國(guó)把環(huán)境執(zhí)法放在與環(huán)境立法同等重要的位置，連續(xù)4年開(kāi)展了全國(guó)環(huán)境執(zhí)法檢查，對(duì)污染和破壞環(huán)境的行為進(jìn)行嚴(yán)肅查

23、處，對(duì)環(huán)境違法犯罪行為進(jìn)行嚴(yán)厲打擊。中國(guó)十分重視人民群眾和新聞?shì)浾搶?duì)環(huán)境違法行為的監(jiān)督，開(kāi)辟了人民群眾反映環(huán)境問(wèn)題的渠道，加強(qiáng)了新聞媒介對(duì)環(huán)境違法行為的揭露和曝光。應(yīng)該指出的是，中國(guó)的環(huán)境法制建設(shè)還需要進(jìn)一步完善，如某些方面存在著立法空白、有些法律的內(nèi)容需要補(bǔ)充和修改、有法不依、執(zhí)法不嚴(yán)的現(xiàn)象等。因此，繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)環(huán)境法制建設(shè)仍是一項(xiàng)重要的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。中國(guó)同樣重視環(huán)境管理體制建設(shè)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)建立起由全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)立法監(jiān)督，各級(jí)政府負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)施，環(huán)境保護(hù)行政主管部門統(tǒng)一監(jiān)督管理，各有關(guān)部門依照法律規(guī)定實(shí)施監(jiān)督管理的體制。全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)設(shè)有環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)委員會(huì)，負(fù)責(zé)組織起草和審議環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)方面的法律草

24、案并提出報(bào)告，監(jiān)督環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)方面法律的執(zhí)行，提出同環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)問(wèn)題有關(guān)的議案，開(kāi)展與各國(guó)議會(huì)之間在環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)領(lǐng)域的交往。一些省、市人民代表大會(huì)也相應(yīng)設(shè)立了環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)。國(guó)務(wù)院環(huán)境保護(hù)委員會(huì)由國(guó)務(wù)院有關(guān)部門的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)成員組成，是國(guó)務(wù)院環(huán)境保護(hù)工作的議事和協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)。其主要任務(wù)是：研究和審議國(guó)家環(huán)境保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的方針、政策和措施，指導(dǎo)并協(xié)調(diào)解決有關(guān)的重大環(huán)境問(wèn)題，監(jiān)督檢查各地區(qū)、各部門貫徹執(zhí)行環(huán)境保護(hù)法律法規(guī)的情況，推動(dòng)和促進(jìn)全國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)事業(yè)的發(fā)展。省、市、縣人民政府也相應(yīng)設(shè)立了環(huán)境保護(hù)委員會(huì)。國(guó)家環(huán)境保護(hù)局是國(guó)務(wù)院環(huán)境保護(hù)行政主管部門，對(duì)全國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)工作實(shí)施統(tǒng)一監(jiān)督管理。省、市、

25、縣人民政府也相繼設(shè)立了環(huán)境保護(hù)行政主管部門，對(duì)本轄區(qū)的環(huán)境保護(hù)工作實(shí)施統(tǒng)一監(jiān)督管理。目前，中國(guó)縣級(jí)以上環(huán)境保護(hù)行政主管部門有2500多個(gè)，從事環(huán)境行政管理、監(jiān)測(cè)、監(jiān)理、統(tǒng)計(jì)、科學(xué)研究、宣傳教育等的總?cè)藬?shù)達(dá)8.8萬(wàn)人。中國(guó)各級(jí)政府的綜合部門、資源管理部門和工業(yè)部門也設(shè)立了環(huán)境保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)相應(yīng)的環(huán)境與資源保護(hù)工作。中國(guó)多數(shù)大中型企業(yè)也設(shè)有環(huán)境保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)本企業(yè)的污染防治以及推行清潔生產(chǎn)。目前，各部門和企業(yè)的各類環(huán)境保護(hù)人員已達(dá)20多萬(wàn)人。Chinapaysgreatattentiontoenvironmentallegislativeworkandhasnowestablishedanenvi

26、ronmentalstatutoryframeworkthattakestheConstitutionofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaasthefoundationandtheEnvironmentalProtectionLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaasthemainbody.TheConstitutionofthePeoplesRepublicofChinastipulates,Thestateprotectsandimprovesthelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,andpre

27、ventsandremediespollutionandotherpublichazards,andThestateensurestherationaluseofnaturalresourcesandprotectsrareanimalsandplants.Theappropriationordamageofnaturalresourcesbyanyorganizationorindividualbywhatevermeansisprohibiited.TheEnvironmentalProtectionLawofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaisthecardinalla

28、wforenvironmentalprotectioninChina.Thelawhasestablishedthebasicprincipleforcoordinateddevelopmentbetweeneconomicconstruction,socialprogressandenvironmentalprotection,anddefinedtherightsanddutiesofgovernmentsatalllevels,allunitsandindividualsasregardsenvironmentalprotection.Chinahasenactedandpromulga

29、tedmanyspeciallawsonenvironmentalprotectionaswellaslawsonnaturalresourcesrelatedtoenvironmentalprotection.TheyincludetheLawonthePreventionandControlofWaterPollution,LawonthePreventionandControlofAirPollution,LawonthePreventionandControlofEnvironmentalPollutionbySolidWastes,MarineEnvironmentProtectio

30、nLaw,ForestryLaw,GrasslandLaw,FisheriesLaw,MineralResourcesLaw,LandAdministrationLaw,WaterResourcesLaw,LawontheProtectionofWildAnimals,LawonWaterandSoilConservation,andAgricultureLaw.TheChinesegovernmenthasalsoenactedmorethan30administrativedecreesregardingenvironmentalprotection,includingtheRegulat

31、ionsforthePreventionandControlofNoisePollution,RegulationsonNatureReserves,RegulationsonthePreventionofandProtectionAgainstRadiationfromRadioIsotopesandRadioactiveDevice,RegulationsontheSafeAdministrationofChemicalsandOtherDangerousMaterials,ProvisionalRegulationsonthePreventionandControlofWaterPoll

32、utionintheHuaiheRiverDrainageArea,RegulationsGoverningEnvironmentalProtectionAdministrationinOffshoreOilExplorationandDevelopment,RegulationsontheControlofMarineWastesDumping,RegulationsfortheImplementationoftheProtectionofTerrestrialWildlife,ProivisionalRegulationsontheAdministrationofNationalParks

33、,RegulationsontheProtectionofBasicFarmland,andRegulationsonUrbanAfforestation.Inaddition,departmentsconcernedhavealsoissuedanumberofadministrativerulesanddecreesonenvironmentalprotection.Toimplementthestatesenvironmentalprotectionlawsandregulations,peoplescongressesandpeoplesgovernmentsatlocallevels

34、,proceedingfromspecificconditionsintheirownareas,haveenactedandpromulgatedmorethan600locallawsonenvironmentalprotection.EnvironmentalstandardsareanimportantcomponentofChinasenvironmentalstatutoryframework.Theyincludeenvironmentalqualitystandards,pollutantdischargeoremissionstandards,basicenvironment

35、alcriteria,criteriaforsamples,andcriteriaformethodology.Theenvironmentalqualitystandardsandpollutantdischargeoremissionstandardsaredividedintostatestandardsandlocalstandards.Bytheendof1995,Chinahadpromulgatedstateenvironmentalstandardson364items.AsstipulatedinChineselaw,theenvironmentalqualitystanda

36、rdsandpollutantdischargestandardsarecompulsorystandards,andthosewhoviolatethesecompulsoryenvironmentalstandardsmustbearthecorrespondinglegalresponsibility.Intheprocessofestablishingandimprovingtheenvironmentalstatutoryframework,Chinaattachesequalimportancetoenvironmentallawenforcementandenvironmenta

37、llegislation.Forfouryearsinarow,Chinahasconductednationwidechecksontheenforcementofenvironmentallegislationtoseriouslydealwithactsofpollutinganddamagingtheenvironmentandseverelypunishenvironmentallawviolations.Chinapaysgreatattentiontosupervisionexercisedbythepeopleandmediaoverlaw-breakingactivities

38、regardingtheenvironment-ithasopenedchannelsforthemassesofpeopletoreportonenvironmentalproblemsandadoptedmeasuresforthemediatoexposeenvironmentallaw-breakingactivities.ButitshouldbepointedoutthatChinasenvironmentallegislativeworkneedstobefurtherimproved.Forinstance,someareasstillremainuncovered,somec

39、ontentsareyettobeamendedorrevisedandtherearestillthephenomenaofnotfullyobservingorenforcinglaws.Therefore,tomakecontinuouseffortstostrengthenenvironmentallegislativeworkremainsanimportantstrategictask.Chinaattachesequalimportancetotheestablishmentofanenvironmentaladministrativesystem.Ithasestablishe

40、dasysteminwhichtheNationalPeoplesCongressenactsthelaws,governmentsatdifferentlevelstakeresponsibilityfortheirenforcement,theadministrativedepartmentsinchargeofenvironmentalprotectionexerciseoverallsupervisionandadministrationandthevariousdepartmentsconcernedexercisesupervisionandadministrationaccord

41、ingtothestipulationsofthelaw.TheNationalPeoplesCongresshasestablishedanEnvironmentandResourcesProtectionCommittee,whoseworkitistoorganizetheformulationandexaminationofdraftedlawsrelatedtoenvironmentalandresourcesprotectionandpreparethenecessaryreports,exercisesupervisionovertheenforcementoflawsgover

42、ningenvironmentalandresourcesprotection,putforwardmotionsrelatedtotheissueofenvironmentalandresourcesprotection,andconductexchangeswithparliamentsinothercountriesinthefieldofenvironmentalandresourcesprotection.Thepeoplescongressesofsomeprovincesandcitieshavealsoestablishedcorrespondingenvironmentala

43、ndresourcesprotectionorganizations.TheEnvironmentalProtectionCommitteeundertheStateCouncilismadeupofleadersofvariousrelatedministriesundertheStateCouncil.ItistheStateCouncilsconsultancyandcoordinationagencyforenvironmentalprotectionwork.Itsmajortasksarestudyingandexaminingtheprinciples,policiesandme

44、asuresrelatingtocoordinativedevelopmentofthecountryseconomyandenvironmentalprotection,givingguidancetoandcoordinatingeffortsintacklingmajorenvironmentalproblems,exercisingsupervisionoverandconductingchecksontheimplementationoftheenvironmentalprotectionlawsandregulationsbyvariouslocalitiesanddepartments,