延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的運(yùn)用

1、關(guān)于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的運(yùn)用第1頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三一、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用。表示時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)有:for+一段時(shí)間,如：for 2 years，for a long time; since從句, 如：since he came here; since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)名詞, 如：since last year, since 5 days ago; how long等。第2頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三二.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也稱終止性動(dòng)詞、瞬間動(dòng)詞或點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞,表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作,這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。如:ope

2、n, die, close, begin(start), finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在肯定句中與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：two years ago; at 5 oclock;eg：He died 5 years ago.第3頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三終止性動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作極其短暫且不能持續(xù)，所以在完成時(shí)的肯定句中不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如：for 3 years，since he came here，how long，ect.且看下面三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤句子：1)Jim has come he

3、re for five years.2)He has died for 3 years.否定的終止性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。第4頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞： study learn sleep live sing dance swim drink teach keep非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞： buy borrow lend die leave begin come / go 這些動(dòng)詞不能和 how long ; for .since連用 要把它們變成其他相應(yīng)的詞.-（buy買(mǎi)了） have/has had （bo

4、rrow借了） have/has kept （start/ begin開(kāi)始 了） have /has been on （leave離開(kāi)了） have /has been away (from).（來(lái)到某地/ 去某地.） have /has been in （die 死了） have/has been dead for since.第5頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三如果終止性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句子中需要同有段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，解決這一邏輯矛盾的方法就是將終止性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。第6頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三三、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與終止性動(dòng)詞之間的

5、轉(zhuǎn)換1、用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞替換句中的終止性動(dòng)詞： borrow - keep, buy - have, become/come/go-be , catch a cold - have a cold, open sth. - keep sth. open, put on- wear ,eg. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days.第7頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三2、將終止性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為be+介詞短語(yǔ) begin/start - be on, finish - be over, join

6、 - be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu)/be a member of+組織機(jī)構(gòu), go to schoolbe in school , get to/ arrive/reach /come/go/move- be in/at+sw. put onbe oneg.He has been in school for 9 years.第8頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三 3、將終止性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為be+名詞 join the armybe a soldier, join the League/Partybe a League/Party member go to schoolbe a st

7、udent eg . He joined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years.第9頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三4、用be+adj./adv.結(jié)構(gòu)替換非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞close/openbe closed/open , come /go back/return - be back, come here - be here, die - be dead, fall asleep - be asleep, fall ill - be ill, finish/end/complete be o

8、ver, go there - be there, go/leave - be away（from）, go (get) out be out, get up-be up,marry be married, movebe out ofeg. The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years.第10頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三5、去掉短語(yǔ)中的結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞begin to studystudy, come to work=work, get to know - know, eg：We

9、have known each other for 3 years.6、用“It is/Has been+time +since”句型表達(dá)原句的內(nèi)容。但主句一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。eg：It is/Has been three years since we got to know each other.第11頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三7，用“time +have passed since”句型表達(dá)同樣的意思。eg.He has been away his hometown for 5 years. Five year

10、s has passed since he left his hometown.8，把一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)改為過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，原動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)改為過(guò)去一般時(shí)。eg.He left his hometown five years ago.第12頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三他參軍三年了。He has joined the army for 3 years.He has been in the army for 3 years.He has been a soldier for 3 years.It is/Has been 3 years since he joined the ar

11、my.He joined the army 3 years ago.第13頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三1.我買(mǎi)這本書(shū)三年了。(1).I bought the book three years ago. (2) I have had the book for 3 years. (3) I have had the book since 3 years ago. How long have you had the book ?2.他借這本書(shū)兩個(gè)月了（1）He borrowed the book two months ago. (2）He has kept the bo

12、ok for 2 months . (3) He has kept the book since 2 months ago. How long has he kept the book?3.李梅離開(kāi)濟(jì)南一年了 .(1) Li Mei left Jinan one year ago. (2) Li Mei has been away from Jinan for one year. (3) Li Mei has been away from Jinan since 1 year ago. How long has Li Mei been away from Jinan?請(qǐng)大聲讀句子，每個(gè)讀三遍。

13、第14頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三會(huì)議開(kāi)始20分鐘了。(1) The meeting began 20 minutes ago. (2) The meeting has been on for 20 minutes. (3) The meeting has been on since 20 minutes. How long has the meeting been on ?Tom來(lái)中國(guó)10個(gè)月了。（1） Tom came to China 10 months ago. (2 ) Tom has been in China for 10 months. (3 ) Tom has been in China since 10 months ago. How long has Tom been in China?請(qǐng)大聲讀句子，每個(gè)讀三遍。第15頁(yè)，共17頁(yè)，2022年，5月20日，14點(diǎn)23分，星期三Marry的祖父去世三年了。(1） Marrys grandfather died 3 years ago.(2) Marrys gran