2022-2023學(xué)年湖南省普通高中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ)五模試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷考生須知：1全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫(xiě)在“答題紙”相應(yīng)位置上。2請(qǐng)用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫(xiě)姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。3保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無(wú)效。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1The differences the childrens achievements can not be completely explained _ their social backgrounds.Ain fro

2、nt ofBin case ofCin need ofDin charge of2I am afraid this pair of shoes is a little expensiveIf you really want to buy them, I will give you a _ of 10 percentAquantityBamountCdiscountDaccount3But for your timely warning, we into great trouble. Well, you know were friends.Awould getBmust have gotCwou

3、ld have gotDcant have got4I dont understand why Catherine stopped short _ she ought to have continued.Its obvious that she lacked self-confidence.Awhen BwhileCif Das5What did she want to know, Tom?She wondered we could complete the experimentAwhen was it that Bit was when thatCit was when Dwhen it w

4、as that6 Who recommended Nancy for the post? It was James _ admiration for her was obvious.AwhoBthatCwhoseDwhom7It was announced that only after the candidates papers were collected _to leave the room.Ahad they been permitted Bwould they be permittedCthat they would be permitted Dthat they had been

5、permitted8Do you think Im a good surfer?Of course! I _ you earlierYou made it look so easy，graceful evenAam watchingBwas watchingChave watchedDhad watched9The bus dropped me off and pulled away _I realized I had left my bag on it.Awhile BbeforeCafter Dsince10Alice has just lost her husband to heart

6、failure.Her _ smile cant hide her sorrow.AarbitraryBartificialCcompulsoryDconventional11-You know Mr. Green has been ill for days?-Yes, I wonder if he is _ better now.AanyBsomeCanyDno12A mother recognizes the feel of her childs skin when blindfolded. _, she can instantly identify her babys cry.ASimi

7、larly BMeanwhileCNevertheless DAccordingly13Shall we go for a picnic this Saturday？_. Will next Saturday be OK？ASure，its up to youBSure，its no problemCSorry，I cant make itDSorry，Im not available today14While studying, fix your mind on what is really important,or you will _ remembering nothing.Aend u

8、pBtake upClead toDstick to15A myth is an account of the deeds of a god or supernatural beings, usually expressed in terms of _ thought.AprimaryBcapitalCinitialDprimitive16 The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.Afar more interestingBmuch less in

9、terestingCno more interestingDany less interesting17Thanks to her determination and perseverance on the piano lesson, she has a _ grasp of the subject.AcomprehensiveBconfidentialCconservativeDcompulsory18In this article , you need to back up general statements with _ examples.AspecificBpermanentCabs

10、tractDuniversal19 What great changes have taken place in our city in the last few years! Indeed, many high buildings have _all over the city.Awound upBsprung upCheld upDmade up20I was going to pay by cash when it suddenly occurred to me _ I had left my purse at home.AwhetherBwhatCthatDwhere第二部分 閱讀理解

11、（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分） There are many programs for high school students today that help lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only an issue for teens but also an important and rarely acknowledged one in the elderly.In Britain, Tracey Crouch was app

12、ointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the issues caused by loneliness. This is the first time such a position has been created.In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found t

13、hat 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt socially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population lives alone, more than 50 percent are unmarried.Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease, overweight,

14、 and anxiety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular(分子)level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect

15、 on health!In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the issue and fund a charityan organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts towards aiding loneliness. There are charities that link lonely seniors to high school students in order to

16、 give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely!The possibilities for the new Minister of Loneliness are endless. For example, she can provide education services to household businesses so that they can identify lonely customers if they see one. Loneliness fits into the category of bein

17、g a social issue that must be monitored by the entire community in order to help those in need. Therefore, government involvement in medical services and care for seniors and others is vital for happy seniors.1、How does the author develop Paragraph 3?ABy listing some statistics.BBy giving examples o

18、f lonely people.CBy pointing out similarities and differences.DBy comparing different cultures in different countries.2、What does the underlined word “equivalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?ARelevant.BSimilar.COpposite.DSuperior.3、What will the Minister of Loneliness do?ADo housework for lonely pe

19、ople.BDevelop friendships with the elderly.CHelp fund charities to aid lonely people.DCommunicate with anxious school students.4、What is the main idea of the text?AUK becomes the capital of loneliness.BLoneliness affects old peoples life worldwide.CMany teenagers suffer from loneliness.DUKs Minister

20、 of Loneliness settles loneliness.22（8分）There are many different voices on charity donations recently. Chen TianQiao, one of the Chinese billionaires, gave away $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help promote brain research. Chen has been interested in the brain rese

21、arch, believing it can advance the industries of artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However, this huge donation has caused heated discussion among Chinese scholars and internet users.Many criticized him for giving money to a foreign university rather than domestic institutes for brain rese

22、arch, which are developing fast and are catching up with the US in just a few years. RaoYi, a biologist at Peking University, even said the donation was a typical mistake.Others, however, support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared with Chinese research Institutes.

23、Caltech has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology, and therefore it produces more efficient results. Whats more, the results of the research will benefit not only the Americans, but also the rest of the world.A similar controversial（有爭(zhēng)議的）case started two years ago when Pan ShiYi

24、, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese Students.Many believe that China is still far behind in management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese donators are looking abroad. In comparison, Western countries like the US, whic

25、h have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection rather than en

26、vy.1、Why did Chens huge donations draw peoples attention?AIt was used for brain research rather than for the poor.BIt was not used efficiently.CIt was the largest donation.DIt should have been donated to a Chinese college.2、Which of the followings can best replace the underlined word “domestic” in t

27、he second paragraph?Ahome. Bfamily.Chousehold. Dhomepage3、The example of Pan Shi Yi was used to _.Ainform some Chinese students are poor at educationBshow off the generosity of Chinese billionairesCpresent the widespread disagreement over donating abroadDprove the Chinese are crazy about donations4、

28、What is the main advice does the author give to the Chinese universities?ADeveloping artificial intelligence.BEducating the braver and more honest graduates.CDeveloping fast to catch up with the US.DDeveloping systems to use the donations efficiently.23（8分） In a recent series of experiments at the U

29、niversity of California, researchers studied toddlers thinking about winners and losers, bullies (欺凌) and victims.In the first experiment, toddlers (學(xué)步兒童) watched a scene in which two puppets (木偶) had conflicting goals: One was crossing a stage from right to left, and the other from left to right. T

30、he puppets met in the middle and stopped. Eventually one puppet bowed down and moved aside, letting the other one pass by. Then researchers asked the toddlers which puppet they liked. The result: 20 out of 23 toddlers picked the higher-status puppet the one that did not bow or move aside. It seems t

31、hat individuals can gain status for being dominant (占優(yōu)勢(shì)的) and toddlers like winners better than losers.But then researchers had another question: Do toddlers like winners no matter how they win? So, researchers did another experiment very similar to the one described above. But this time, the confli

32、ct ended because one puppet knocked the other down and out of the way. Now when the toddlers were asked who they liked, the results were different: Only 4 out of 23 children liked the winner.These data suggest that children already love a winner by the age of 21-31 months. This does not necessarily

33、mean that the preference is inborn: 21 months is enough time to learn a lot of things. But if a preference for winners is something we learn, we appear to learn it quite early.Even more interesting, the preference for winners is not absolute. Children in our study did not like a winner who knocked a

34、 competitor down. This suggests that already by the age of 21-31 months, childrens liking for winners is balanced with other social concerns, including perhaps a general preference for nice or helpful people over aggressive ones.In a time when the news is full of stories of public figures who celebr

35、ate winning at all costs, these results give us much confidence. Humans understand dominance, but we also expect strong individuals to guide, protect and help others. This feels like good news.1、One of the purposes of the experiments is to _.Ateach toddlers how to gain higher statusBoffer toddlers a

36、 chance to watch a sceneCobserve the process of toddlers solving a conflictDfind out toddlers attitude toward winners and losers2、The toddlers regarded bowing and moving aside as a sign of _.Aobeying rulesBgaining statusCgiving in to the otherDshowing good manners3、What does the second experiment te

37、ll us about toddlers?AThey are excellent learners.BThey are always changeable.CThey show mercy to the loser.DThey value kindness over winning.4、What does the author think of the results of the series of experiments?ADisappointing.BEncouraging.CUnexpected.DControversial.24（8分）While global warming and

38、 ocean acidification driven by pollution cause a real threat to sea creatures, climate change is not the primary driver threatening to cause the extinction (滅絕) of large ocean animals. It is humans that are threatening large sea creatures primarily by hunting and fishing them.Researchers findings re

39、flect a phenomenon experienced by ancient land ecosystems (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)). These losses in the ocean are paralleling what humans did to land animals some 50,000 to 10,000 years ago, when we wiped out around half of the big-bodied mammals on Earth, like mammoths, mastodons. saber-tooth cats and the like.The i

40、ncreasing threat to large groups of sea animals is a recent phenomenon. The researchers made this discovery by comparing characteristics of nearly 2,500 extinct sea vertebrates and mollusks alongside others currently in danger of extinction. They found that smaller sea animals were a little more lik

41、ely than large ones to be killed off during five previous mass extinction eventsthe most recent of which was associated with a small planets strike some 65 million years ago.What was surprising to the researchers was that they did not see a similar kind of pattern in any of the previous mass extinct

42、ion events that they studied.The study shows that a sixth mass extinction, which may already be underway, could kill off larger-bodied animals while leaving smaller ones behind. That could have a terrible long-term impact.Such removal of the largest animals from the modern oceans, which never happen

43、ed in the history of animal life, may disturb the order of ecosystems for millions of years even at levels of taxonomic loss far below those of previous mass extinctions.This news should serve as a wake-up call for humans to fundamentally change the way they manage the oceans. That is to say, it is

44、a warning of what will happen if we dont get our act together.Limiting industrialization of the oceans may be necessary to give threatened animals time and space to recover. Most whaling has been banned since the 1980s. We have brought gray whales back from the edge of extinction and blue whales are

45、 coming back too.The researchers point out that cutting back on carbon emissions (排放) will also be necessary to slow extinctions.1、Paragraph 2 is intended to tell us that _.Aboth land animals and sea animals die out because of humansBbig-bodied animals were killed as they were threat to humansChuman

46、s tended to kill animals on land instead of those in seasDhumans have been main killers of animals for a very long time2、What can we learn from the researchers studies about animal extinction?AIt is easier for sea creatures to go extinct than land ones.BThe patterns of sea animal mass extinction are

47、 irregular.CHumans were responsible for all those extinctions.DSmall-bodied creatures produce their young more easily.3、Which does the passage suggest is the most important in stopping sea animal extinction?ATo completely ban people from hunting them.BTo fully realize the urgency of protecting them.

48、CTo unconditionally release kss CO2 into the air.DTo reasonably keep control of the trade in them.25（10分）The Song Dynasty(960-1279) is often referred to as the Chinese Renaissance(文藝復(fù)興). For about three and a quarter centuries, under its rule, China enjoyed a period of economic growth with great art

49、istic and intellectual achievements.One of the most important factors in the Song Renaissance was the printing press which made for a rebirth of classical Confucian learning. By the 10th century,printers were producing a large number of copies of the classical Confucian texts. With this increase in

50、the production of books, education spread and became widely available.Printing also had its greatest influence on the Chinese political system. In the Song Dynasty, govemment examinations became the most important way to political power in China. For almost 1,000 years, China was govemed by men who

51、had done very well in examinations. Thousands of students studied for the exams, and thousands of inexpensive books were required. Without printing, such a system would not have been possible.The Song period was also the golden age of Chinese painting. Emperor Huizong(1101-1125) was a talented paint

52、er who encouraged the arts. A royal painting academy was created and many fine artists were supported. The period is best known for nature subjects and landscape paintings. Guo Xi used perspective in his paintings and The Quict Valley is one of his best-known works. One of the greatest landscape pai

53、nters of the period was Fan Kuan. His masterpiece, Travelling among Mountains and Gorges, is one of the most famous Chinese paintings. Completed around the year 1000, it was inspired by the power of nature and the relative insignificance of humans.1、When was the Chinese Renaissance?AImmediately afte

54、r the Renaissance in Europe. BDuring the Song Dynasty.CAt the time of Confucius. Din the year 1,000.2、What contributed to spreading the ideas of Confucius?AThe spread of education to the middle classes.BPeoples new interest in classical texts.CThe development of painting.DThe printing press and a wi

55、de availability of books.3、How did people become politicians at the time?AOnly members of the wealthy class could go into politics.BA small number of powerful families ran the country.COnly members good at painting were supported by the royalty.DThere was a special exam system to select politicians.

56、4、From the passage we can know the painter of Travelling among Mountains and Gorges is AGuo XiBEmperor HuizongCFan KuanDConfucius第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分） “Oh, no! Youre moving?” Such was my neighbors 1 when she saw household items appearing

57、 on my lawn and 2 my driveway.“Nope. Just cleaning house!” I called back, smiling.This yard sale had been the result of six months of 3 . I had searched every 4 and overflowing closet and cupboardcrazy about my seeking to find items to 5 .I met loads of 6 and friendly people. The Mirror Lady was 7 t

58、o buy the antique mirror from my first apartment for her daughters first apartment; and the Futon Girl, a college sophomore, said my futon (沙發(fā)床) and frame were 8 for her dorm room.And how can I 9 the Camera Man? Bending absorbedly over the “technology” table, he spotted my husbands faded 10 bag from

59、 the early 80s. Zippered compartments (隔包) 11 a broken camera and a few old lenses. “Wow!” he said, as he picked it up and made me a(n) 12 . I asked what he was going to do with it. “Its just coolI have a shelf at home for cool 13 technology.” So apparently he 14 it just so he could look at it. As h

60、e walked down the driveway with the dusty bag 15 over his shoulder, for a second I 16 my journalist husband doing the same, heading out to 17 a story. That made me feel 18 .All yard sales lasted two days. As hard as it can be to let things 19 , the true value of those things is to 20 you of a place