2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)39

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

Duringlesseconomicallysophisticatedtimesinthepast,nationstendedtoraiseprotectivebarriersduringperiodsofeconomicdownturntopreservedomesticemploymentandthusdomesticeconomies.Intoday’sglobaleconomy,itisnotsoeasytosaythatprotectionismnecessarilypreservesanation’seconomywhenthefirmsoperatinginthateconomyareintertwinedwithoperationsandmarketsinmanyothernations.Rememberthatthegoalsindesigninganysystemareoptimizingtheoutputofthesystem,ratherthanoptimizinganysubcomponentofthatsystem.Infact,experiencehasshownthatafocusonoptimizinganysingleaspectofaglobalmanufacturingenterpriseusuallyleadstoasub-optimalsystemperformance.

【答案】

在過(guò)去經(jīng)濟(jì)不太發(fā)達(dá)的時(shí)期，各國(guó)往往會(huì)在經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期建立保護(hù)性壁壘，來(lái)保護(hù)國(guó)內(nèi)的就業(yè)，進(jìn)而保護(hù)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)。在如今的經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化中，當(dāng)這種經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下運(yùn)作的公司與其他國(guó)家的公司和市場(chǎng)交織在一起，很難說(shuō)保護(hù)主義一定能夠保護(hù)這個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)。記住，設(shè)計(jì)任何系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)都是為了優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)的輸出，而不是優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的組件。事實(shí)上，經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，專(zhuān)注于優(yōu)化全球制造企業(yè)的任何一個(gè)方面通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)性能的次優(yōu)。

2.單選題

Ihopealltheprecautionsagainstairpollution,（

）aresuggestedbythelocalgovernment,willbeseriouslyconsideredhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.while

C.after

D.since

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。A選項(xiàng)as“因?yàn)?、正如、雖然”；B選項(xiàng)while“雖然、盡管”；C選項(xiàng)after“在……之后”；D選項(xiàng)since“自……以后”，根據(jù)句意：我希望針對(duì)空氣污染的所有預(yù)防措施將會(huì)如當(dāng)?shù)卣ㄗh的那樣在這里被認(rèn)真考慮。以及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)可知填入部分充當(dāng)方式狀語(yǔ)，as“正如”符合題意，故正確答案選A。

3.單選題

Dieting,accordingtoanoldjoke,maynotactuallymakeyoulivelonger,butitsurefeelsthatway.Nevertheless,evidencehasbeenaccumulatingsincethe1930sthatcalorierestriction—reducingananimal’senergyintakebelowitsenergyexpenditure—extendslifespananddelaysthestartofage—relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.Suchresultshaveinspiredthousandsofpeopletoputupwithconstanthungerinthehopeoflivinglonger,healthierlives.Theyhavealsoledtoasearchfordrugsthatmimictheeffectsofcalorierestrictionwithoutthepainofgoingonanactualdiet.

Amidthetrend,itiseasytoforgetthatnoonehasuntilnowshownthatcalorierestrictionworksinhumans.Thatomission,however,changedthismonth,withthepublicationoftheinitialresultsofthefirstsystematicinvestigationintothematter.Thisstudytook48menandwomenandassignedthemrandomlytoeitheracontrolgrouporacalorie—restrictionregime.Thoseinthesecondgroupwererequiredtocuttheircalorieintakeforsixmonthsto75%ofthatneededtomaintaintheirweight.

Thestudyisalandmarkinthehistoryofthefield,becauseitssubjectswereeitherofnormalweightoronlyslightlyoverweight.Previousprojectshaveusedindividualswhowereclinicallyfat,thusconfusingtheunquestionablebenefitstohealthofreducingfatnesswiththepossibleadvantagesofcalorierestrictiontotheotherwisehealthy.

Atamolecularlevel,itsuggeststheseadvantagesarereal.Thoseonrestricteddietsshoweddropsinbodytemperatureandblood—insulinlevels—bothphenomenathathavebeenseeninlong—lived,calorie—restrictedanimals.TheyalsosufferedlessdamagetotheirDNA.

EricRavussin,ofLouisianaStateUniversity,saysthatsuchresultsprovidesupportforthetheorythatcalorierestrictionproducesametabolicadaptationoverandabovethatwhichwouldbeexpectedfromweightlossalone.Nevertheless,suchmetabolicadaptationcouldbethereasonwhycalorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongerlifespaninotheranimals—andthatiscertainlythehopeofthosewho,forthepast15years,havebeensearchingforwaysoftriggeringthatmetabolicadaptationbymeansotherthansemi-starvation.

Thesearchforadrugthatwilldelayoldageisitselfasoldasthehills—asisthewishfulthinkingofthesuckerswhofinancesuchefforts.Thosewhohopetofinditbymimickingtheeffectofcalorierestrictionarenot,however,completesnake-oilsalesmen,forthereisknowntobeafamilyofenzymes,whichactbothassensorsofnutrientavailabilityandasregulatorsofmetabolicrate.Thesemightprovidethenecessarybiochemicallinkbetweenstarvingandlivinglonger.

1.Welearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（

）.

2.Theword“l(fā)andmark”(Line1,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

3.Theresultsofpreviousresearchontheeffectsofcalorierestrictionareunconvincingbecause（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatpeople（

）.

5.Peoplemighttakeenzymesasasubstituteforcalorierestrictioninthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearecrazyaboutdietinginordertolosesomeweight

B.experimentalresultsshowthatdietingcanprolonganimals’life

C.inthestudy,twogroupsofpeoplewereaskedtogoonadiet

D.fewresultshavebeenworkedoutontheeffectsofcalorierestriction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aneventofmuchprofit

B.aneventofgreatexcitement

C.aneventofgreatsignificance

D.aneventofuniquefeatures

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thesubjectsoftheresearchwereeitherofoverweightorslightlyunderweight

B.calorie-restrictedanimalsshoweddifferentphysicalsignsintheresearch

C.thedecreaseinbodytemperaturemayresultfromchangesofoutsidetemperature

D.peoplecannottellthebenefitsoflosingweightfromthoseofcalorierestriction

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenengagedinthestudyofthereplacementofcalorierestriction

B.havebeenlookingfordrugsthatcanprolonghumans’lifeforages

C.canexpectachangeintheirmetabolicratewhengoingonadiet

D.maybenefitfrommetabolicadaptationinthatitmayprotecttheirDNA

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyestablishachemicallinkbetweenstarvingandlivinglong

B.theycanprovidepeoplewithenoughnutrition

C.theyworkinasimilarwaythatcalorierestrictiondoes

D.theyarefavoredbypeoplewhofinancethedrugresearch

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Nevertheless,evidencehasbeenaccumulatingsincethe1930sthatcalorierestriction—reducingananimal’senergyintakebelowitsenergyexpenditure—extendslifespananddelaysthestartofage—relateddiseasesinrats,dogs,fishandmonkeys.盡管如此，自20世紀(jì)30年代以來(lái)，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，在老鼠、狗、魚(yú)和猴子身上實(shí)行卡路里限制——將動(dòng)物的能量攝入降低到低于其能量消耗——可以延長(zhǎng)壽命，并延緩衰老相關(guān)疾病的發(fā)生?！笨芍跋嚓P(guān)的研究表明節(jié)食可以延長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物的壽命。所以選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。定位到文章第三段“Thestudyisalandmarkinthehistoryofthefield,becauseitssubjectswereeitherofnormalweightoronlyslightlyoverweight.這項(xiàng)研究是該領(lǐng)域歷史上的里程碑，因?yàn)樗难芯繉?duì)象要么體重正常，要么只是稍微超重?！眑andmark在這里是有“里程碑的事件”的意思，和C選項(xiàng)“具有重大意義的事件”意義相近。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“Previousprojectshaveusedindividualswhowereclinicallyfat,thusconfusingtheunquestionablebenefitstohealthofreducingfatnesswiththepossibleadvantagesofcalorierestrictiontotheotherwisehealthy.由于以往的研究對(duì)象都是臨床肥胖研究者，因此人們會(huì)把減肥對(duì)健康毋庸置疑的好處與限制卡路里攝入量對(duì)健康人群可能帶來(lái)的好處混淆在一起?！庇蛇@句話我們可以得知人們常常會(huì)把減肥的好處和限制卡路里的攝入混在一起，區(qū)分不清。這樣也就造成了之前的研究不是很確定。故正確答案選D。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第五段“Nevertheless,suchmetabolicadaptationcouldbethereasonwhycalorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongerlifespaninotheranimals—andthatiscertainlythehopeofthosewho,forthepast15years,havebeensearchingforwaysoftriggeringthatmetabolicadaptationbymeansotherthansemi-starvation.然而，這種代謝適應(yīng)可能就是為什么限制熱量攝入與延長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物壽命有關(guān)的原因——這當(dāng)然也是在過(guò)去15年里一直在尋找除半饑餓之外觸發(fā)這種代謝適應(yīng)方法的人的希望?！苯Y(jié)合上下文推斷，這里主要是節(jié)食過(guò)程中，動(dòng)物身上的新陳代謝發(fā)生變化。和選項(xiàng)C的意思基本相符。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章最后一段“Thosewhohopetofinditbymimickingtheeffectofcalorierestrictionarenot,however,completesnake-oilsalesmen,forthereisknowntobeafamilyofenzymes,whichactbothassensorsofnutrientavailabilityandasregulatorsofmetabolicrate.那些希望通過(guò)模擬限制卡路里的作用來(lái)研制藥物的人，他們并非完全只是些江湖郎中，因?yàn)橐阎幸唤M酶，它們既是營(yíng)養(yǎng)可用性的傳感器，又是代謝率的調(diào)節(jié)者。”由此可知這里由于酶能夠抑制熱量的產(chǎn)生，它可能會(huì)作為一種替代熱量限制的作用的藥物來(lái)研發(fā)出來(lái)，作為延長(zhǎng)人類(lèi)壽命的藥。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.單選題

Withtechnologicalchanges,manytraditionalskillshavebecome（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.absolute

C.obsolete

D.obsessive

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)isolated“孤立的；孤獨(dú)的；單獨(dú)的”；B選項(xiàng)absolute“完全的；絕對(duì)的”；C選項(xiàng)obsolete“淘汰的，過(guò)時(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)obsessive“癡迷的，迷戀的；過(guò)度的”。填入形容詞做表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明traditionalskills“傳統(tǒng)技藝”，由關(guān)鍵信息technologicalchanges可知obsolete“淘汰的，過(guò)時(shí)的”符合題意，句意為：隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，許多傳統(tǒng)技藝已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。故答案選C。

5.單選題

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludestheWhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

ThisislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate-asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1993,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAUS$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofJohnWaihee?

4.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?

5.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hawaii’sethnicgroups

B.PeopleofFilipinoorigin

C.TheKaLahuigroup

D.Peoplewith50%Hawaiianblood

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

B.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

C.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

D.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.HeisHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor.

B.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

C.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

D.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheKaLahuigroup

B.TheHawaiiannatives

C.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs

D.AmericanIndiannatives

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.greaterautonomywithinthestate

B.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland

C.morebackrentonthecrownland

D.fullindependencefromtheUS

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.夏威夷本土少數(shù)民族要求更多處理本地事物的自主權(quán)?！焙偷诙巍癟hisislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.1898年美國(guó)吞并夏威夷島后，夏威夷島的原住民情況比其他種族的情況變得更糟糕。”故由此推斷這里的本土少數(shù)民族是指夏威夷島原住民，正確答案選A。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.他們占該州無(wú)家可歸者的60%以上，失業(yè)率更高，他們的壽命比夏威夷人的平均壽命短5年。他們是唯一沒(méi)有一定程度自治權(quán)的美國(guó)主要土著群體。”選項(xiàng)A、B和C描述均過(guò)于絕對(duì)，故正確答案選D。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.但是，夏威夷第一任本土出生的州長(zhǎng)約翰懷希，設(shè)立主權(quán)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)，極大地促進(jìn)了夏威夷原住民的發(fā)展事業(yè)，以此建議夏威夷原住民自己決定是否建立一個(gè)主權(quán)獨(dú)立的夏威夷國(guó)家。”由此可知選項(xiàng)B文章中沒(méi)有提到，故正確答案選B。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段“ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.這一工作得到夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室的支持，此機(jī)構(gòu)1978年成立是為原住民服務(wù)，現(xiàn)在成了本土主權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的溫和派”，由此可知夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室在自主權(quán)問(wèn)題上態(tài)度溫和而不激進(jìn)。正確答案選C。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段末“MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.”1987年夏威夷原住民中的一個(gè)比較激進(jìn)的種族宣布脫離美國(guó)管轄，成立獨(dú)立王國(guó)。故正確答案應(yīng)該為C。

6.單選題

Finally,Emily（

）divorce,sayingthatherhusbandabusedherphysicallyandpsychologically.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.filledinfor

B.filedfor

C.suedfor

D.appliedfor

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)fillinfor“代替，占據(jù)別人位置”；B選項(xiàng)filefor“申請(qǐng)”，主要用于申請(qǐng)事業(yè)單位工作；C選項(xiàng)suefor“控告”，表示就某事提出訴訟；D選項(xiàng)applyfor“申請(qǐng)，提出申請(qǐng)”。由關(guān)鍵詞“divorce離婚”，可知空格部分意思可能為“提出控告，控訴”，句意為：最后艾米麗提出離婚訴訟，稱(chēng)她的丈夫?qū)λ谏眢w上和心理上實(shí)施家庭暴力。選項(xiàng)C與其意思接近。

7.單選題

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.Itrytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”,soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead,Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“Beautiful.”Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaos,bargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreeatthepriceset;thatwayIwasabletopayherthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.

Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft,too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinthemarketplace.Ifelttearsinmythroat.Iwantedtocry.Ididn’t,ofcourse.

Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.

Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.Iremovethepaper,andraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstothefloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecandlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!

Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn’tcry.

1.Accordingtothewriter,thewomaninthemarketplace.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

3.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman（

）.

4.Whenthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdidnotbecause（

）

.

5.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refusedtospeaktoher

B.waspleasantandattractive

C.wassellingskirtsandribbons

D.recognizeherimmediately

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thewriterwasusedtobargaining.

B.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.

C.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.

D.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable.

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney.

C.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore.

D.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.shewasafraidofcryinginpublic.

B.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravely.

C.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.

D.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeeling.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.

B.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.

C.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.

D.Shewasovercomebyemotion.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“shemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.就像我通常見(jiàn)到的老撾女子一樣，她走起路來(lái)悠閑而又可愛(ài)”，可知選項(xiàng)B“很討人喜歡和有吸引力”符合題意，因此B正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第五段“Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaos,bargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.我決定買(mǎi)下其中一條裙子，而且我開(kāi)始和她討價(jià)還價(jià)。在亞洲買(mǎi)東西討價(jià)還價(jià)是習(xí)慣。在老撾，討價(jià)還價(jià)是以一種輕聲細(xì)語(yǔ)，十分平靜的形式不緊不慢地進(jìn)行的”。由此可知A選項(xiàng)是沒(méi)有提及的，故答案選A。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第六段第二句“ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.她對(duì)我能夠用老撾語(yǔ)和她說(shuō)上幾句話感到很開(kāi)心，盡管這些話全是數(shù)字，她看得出我懂得討價(jià)還價(jià)之間的小玩笑”和第四句“shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.她很開(kāi)心，所以她意外的接受我最后的定價(jià)”，可知選項(xiàng)D為最佳答案。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第八段“Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.我學(xué)會(huì)了如何保護(hù)自己不受困難的影響；不知不覺(jué)中，我也學(xué)會(huì)了如何保護(hù)自己抵制軟弱和隨和?！庇纱丝芍_答案選D。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第十段“Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry,andveryhard,asif...沒(méi)有什么可以抵御慷慨，而這一次我哭了，非常傷心……”文章第九段說(shuō)作者從市場(chǎng)回來(lái)，再次檢查買(mǎi)回來(lái)的裙子，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面夾雜五條扎頭發(fā)的絲綢帶，比自己買(mǎi)的多了兩根。她被這種情緒感動(dòng)了。故選項(xiàng)D為最符合語(yǔ)境的答案。

8.單選題

Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis（

）stated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extravagantly

B.empirically

C.explicitly

D.exceptionally

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)extravagantly“揮霍無(wú)度地”；B選項(xiàng)empirically“以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地”；C選項(xiàng)explicitly“明確地，明白地”；D選項(xiàng)exceptionally“例外地，特殊地”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)aw法律”和“stated被表明，被解釋”，可知“明確地”符合題意，句意為：有關(guān)醉酒駕駛的法律規(guī)定得很清楚。故正確答案選C。

9.單選題

Withtheprices（

）somuch,itisdifficultforthegovernmenttomakeabudgetplan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vibrating

B.fluctuating

C.fluttering

D.swinging

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vibrate“使震動(dòng)，使顫動(dòng)”；B選項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng)，漲落”的意思；C選項(xiàng)flutter“飄動(dòng)，鼓翼”；D選項(xiàng)swing“搖擺，專(zhuān)項(xiàng)，懸掛”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“price價(jià)格”和“makeabudgetplan做出預(yù)算方案”，可知空格部分意思為“浮動(dòng)”，和選項(xiàng)B意思接近，句意為：因?yàn)閮r(jià)格的波動(dòng)太大了，政府很難做出預(yù)算方案。故選B。

10.單選題

Theschoolauthority（

）professorWatsonthathewouldgetonemillionin5years.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ensured

B.assured

C.insured

D.sured

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ensure“確保，保證”；B選項(xiàng)assured“使確信；弄清”；C選項(xiàng)insure“確保，保證；給……保險(xiǎn)”；沒(méi)有sured這個(gè)詞。缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由主語(yǔ)Theschoolauthority“學(xué)校當(dāng)局”和professorWatson和thathewouldgetonemillionin5years的關(guān)系可知assured“使（某人）確信（某事）”符合題意，句意為：校方向沃森教授保證，他將在5年內(nèi)獲得100萬(wàn)。故答案選B。

11.單選題

Theirdiplomaticprinciplescompletelylaidbaretheir（

）forworldconquest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.admiration

B.ambition

C.administration

D.orientation

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)admiration“羨慕”；B選項(xiàng)ambition“野心、企圖”；C選項(xiàng)administration“管理、行政”；D選項(xiàng)orientation“方向、定位”。句子的主語(yǔ)是diplomaticprinciples“外交政策”，laysth.bare是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，意思為“顯示，揭露”的意思。由此可知，空格部分單詞意思應(yīng)該為“野心，企圖”，句意為：他們的外交政策徹底暴露出他們征服世界的企圖。正確答案選B。

12.單選題

Theaudiencewaitedin（

）silencewhiletheiragedspeakersearchedamonghisnoteforthefigureshecouldnotremember.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respective

B.respect

C.respectful

D.respectable

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respective意為“分別的”；B選項(xiàng)respect意為“尊敬，敬重”動(dòng)詞；C選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；D選項(xiàng)respectable“可敬的”。根據(jù)空格前后判斷，根據(jù)“agedspeaker年老的演講者”，可知C選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”符合語(yǔ)境，句意為：當(dāng)上了年紀(jì)的演講者搜尋筆記尋找他不記得的數(shù)字的時(shí)候，觀眾們都充滿敬意地默默等待。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

13.翻譯題

在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩的情況下，為何大宗商品價(jià)格卻在飆升呢？流行的解釋似乎是“投機(jī)”。但是，由于投機(jī)是無(wú)時(shí)不在的，這無(wú)法解釋為什么現(xiàn)在價(jià)格猛漲。另一個(gè)流行的解釋是美國(guó)大幅放寬貨幣政策。但這很難解釋這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：按照歐元計(jì)算，油價(jià)也在快速上漲。同時(shí)，投機(jī)也無(wú)法解釋那些沒(méi)有活躍期貨市場(chǎng)的大宗商品價(jià)格的上漲。

(參考詞匯：commodityprices;soar;speculation;ease;monetarypolicy;euro;futuresmarket)

【答案】

Whyarecommoditypricessoaringwhenworldeconomyisslowing?Thepopularexplanationseemstobe“speculation”.But,sincespeculationisalwayswithus,thiscannotexplainwhypricesaresoaringnow?AnotherpopularexplanationistheaggressiveeasingofUSmonetarypolicy.But,thishardlyexplainsthefactthatthepriceofoilisrisingrapidlyevenineuros.Nordoesspeculationexplaintheriseinthepricesofthesecommoditiesthatdonothaveactivefuturesmarkets.

14.單選題

Thegovernment（

）amasscampaigntowipeoutmalariainthisarea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.initiated

B.participated

C.modified

D.comprised

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)initiate“發(fā)起，創(chuàng)始”；B選項(xiàng)participate“參與，參加”；C選項(xiàng)modify“修改，修飾”；D選項(xiàng)comprise“包含；由……組成”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“government政府”和“campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)，大型活動(dòng)”，“towipeoutmalaria”不定式短語(yǔ)表示目的“消滅瘧疾”，可知這里填入的動(dòng)詞意思應(yīng)該是“發(fā)動(dòng)，發(fā)起”，句意為：政府在這一地區(qū)發(fā)動(dòng)了一場(chǎng)消滅瘧疾的運(yùn)動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Theyare（

）investorswhoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarketsbeforemakinganinvestment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implicit

B.conscious

C.cautious

D.indecisive

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)implicit“暗示的，含蓄的”；B選項(xiàng)conscious“有意識(shí)的，清醒的，故意的”；C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；D選項(xiàng)indecisive“猶豫不決的”?？崭癫糠质切枰粋€(gè)修飾investors的形容詞。后面由who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾investor，根據(jù)句意“whoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarkets…總要對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧?guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行徹底調(diào)查”，判斷可知空格部分單詞意思應(yīng)該為“謹(jǐn)慎的”，句意為：他們是謹(jǐn)慎的投資者，在做出每筆投資前，總要對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧?guó)際市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行徹底調(diào)查。故正確答案選C。

16.單選題

Mr.Smithcannottellalieskillfully;anyonecan（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.seehimthrough

B.seehimthroughout

C.seethroughhim

D.seethroughouthim

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)。由關(guān)鍵信息cannottellalieskillfully“不善于說(shuō)謊”可知短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞seethrough“看穿，識(shí)破”符合題意，句意為：史密斯先生不善于說(shuō)謊；任何人都可以看穿他。故答案選C。

17.單選題

Manyfarmerscametothecity,（

）jobsandforalltheotherlegendaryopportunitiesoflifeinthecity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookingfor

B.tolookfor

C.havinglookedfor

D.lookedfor

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。空格要填入的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)考查的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)用。lookfor“追尋，尋找”，選項(xiàng)A現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作lookfor與主句的主語(yǔ)之間存在的是主謂關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B動(dòng)詞不定式表示的是目的。選項(xiàng)C表示的是動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。選項(xiàng)D表示的是動(dòng)作lookfor與主句的主語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，不符合句子的意思。句意為：許多農(nóng)民來(lái)到城市，尋找工作和在城市的其他生活的傳奇機(jī)遇。故正確答案選A。

18.單選題

HecameallthewaytoChinaforpromotingfriendship（

）formakingmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.otherthan

B.betterthan

C.morethan

D.ratherthan

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項(xiàng)otherthan“除了，不同于”；B選項(xiàng)betterthan“比……更好”；C選項(xiàng)morethan“比……多”；D選項(xiàng)ratherthan“而不是，寧可”?？崭癫糠忠钊胍粋€(gè)短語(yǔ)連接前后短語(yǔ)形成對(duì)比，前面的意思是“forpromotingfriendship為了增進(jìn)友誼”和后面“formakingmoney為了賺錢(qián)”表示不同的目的，句意為：他一路跋涉來(lái)到中國(guó)是為了友誼而不是賺錢(qián)。故這里選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Thetaxi-driver（

）aboutourluggageandseemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.grieved

B.groaned

C.grumbled

D.growled

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grieve“使悲傷，使苦惱”；B選項(xiàng)groan“呻吟；抱怨”；C選項(xiàng)grumble“抱怨，嘟囔”；D選項(xiàng)growl“咆哮”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格部分是和后面seem并列的謂語(yǔ)部分，根據(jù)“seemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper看起來(lái)脾氣很壞”可知空格部分單詞意思為“對(duì)……嘟囔”，句意為：的士司機(jī)抱怨我們的行李，看起來(lái)脾氣非常壞。答案C與之意思接近。

20.單選題

Manycountrieshaveadoptedsystemsof（

）educationinordertopromotetheaveragelevelofeducation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compulsory

B.cardinal

C.constrained

D.conventional

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)compulsory“義務(wù)的，必修的”；B選項(xiàng)cardinal“主要的，基本的”；C選項(xiàng)constrained“拘泥的，被強(qiáng)迫的”；D選項(xiàng)conventional“符合習(xí)俗的，傳統(tǒng)的”，由關(guān)鍵詞“education”可知空格部分意思應(yīng)該為“義務(wù)的，規(guī)定必修的”，句意為：許多國(guó)家采取義務(wù)教育體系，以提高平均的教育水平。與選項(xiàng)A意思相符。

21.單選題

WilliamPenn,thefounderofPennsylvania,（

）defendedtherightofeverycitizentofreedomofchoiceinreligion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.peculiarly

B.indifferently

C.vigorously

D.inevitably

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)peculiarly“特別、尤其”；B選項(xiàng)indifferently“冷漠地、漠不關(guān)心地”；C選項(xiàng)vigorously“活潑地、精力旺盛地”；D選項(xiàng)inevitably“必然地”，句意：賓夕法尼亞州的開(kāi)國(guó)元?jiǎng)淄?佩恩積極捍衛(wèi)每個(gè)公民選擇宗教信仰的自由權(quán)利。C選項(xiàng)vigorously“活潑地、精力旺盛地”符合語(yǔ)境，故正確答案選C。

22.單選題

Ourarmysucceededin（

）theadvancingenemy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retrieving

B.revenging

C.resenting

D.repelling

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)retrieve“檢索，恢復(fù)”；B選項(xiàng)revenge“報(bào)復(fù)，替復(fù)仇”；C選項(xiàng)resent“怨恨，憤恨”；D選項(xiàng)repel“擊退，抵制”。由關(guān)鍵詞“ourarmy”和“theadvancingenemy前進(jìn)的敵軍”，可知空格部分意思可能為“擊退，打退”，句意為：我軍成功擊退前進(jìn)的敵軍。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

23.單選題

WhenexecutivesatGooglewentlookingforWallStreetinvestmentbankerstounderwritethecompany’smassiveinitialpublicoffering,theylaiddownstricttermsofengagement:bringusnewideasonhowtosellthedealtoinvestorsandsavetheusualpoliticalgamesmanship.Butwithsuchahugepaydayatstake—anestimated$100millioninfeesforhandlingtheoffering—wouldyouexpectallthebigfirmstoplaybytheGooglerules?Ofcoursenot,justaskGoldmanSachs.

TowinachunkoftheGooglebusiness,Goldman,thenation’spremierinvestmentbank,setfreeitsCEO:HankPaulson,topullsomestrings.PaulsonisoneofWallStreet’sbest“callmen”,whocanwaveaPalmPDAfullofconnectionswhenit’scrunchtimetobringhomeadeal.ButNewsweekhaslearnedthatPaulsontriedtosidestepGoogle’sordersbyreachingouttooneofGoogle’slargestinvestors,KleinerPerkins,thepowerfulventure-capitalfirmthatwasanearlyGooglebacker.ThemovehelpeddoomGoldman’seffortstowintheleadunderwritingspot,whichwentinsteadtoCreditSuisseFirstBostonandMorganStanley.

PaulsonthoughthisbestshotwasJohnDoerr,oneofKleiner’stoppartners.Badmove,whenwordofPaulson’smisstepgotbacktoGoogle’stopexecutives,Goldmanwasquicklybumpedfromthetopoftheshortlist.“ThepeopleatGoogleweresuchenthusiastsabouttherules,”saidoneexecutivewhoworksatarivalWallStreetfirm.“Whentheyheardaboutthis,theywentape.”Noneofthepartiesinvolved—Google,Go