2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)17

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Sometimesitcanbeshownthatthetissuenotonlylookshomogeneous,butactuallyisso,because,ifthetissueiscutinhalf,eachhalfwillregulatetogiverisetothesamepatternaswouldotherwisehavebeenproducedbythewhole.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.create

B.occur

C.emerge

D.deteriorate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)create“創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作；造成”；B選項(xiàng)occur“發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；存在”；C選項(xiàng)emerge“浮現(xiàn)；擺脫；暴露”；D選項(xiàng)deteriorate“惡化，變壞”。句意：可以證明，組織不僅看起來(lái)是均勻的，而且實(shí)際上是均勻的，因?yàn)槿绻M織被切成兩半，每一半將調(diào)節(jié)以產(chǎn)生與整體相同的圖案。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞giveriseto“造成；引起；導(dǎo)致”，得知A為正確答案。

2.單選題

Perfectlymatchedpearls,strungintoanecklace,bringafarhigherpricethanthesamepearlssold______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.collectively

B.invariably

C.reluctantly

D.individually

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)collectively“集體地，共同地”；B選項(xiàng)invariably“總是；不變地；一定地”；C選項(xiàng)reluctantly“不情愿地；嫌惡地”；D選項(xiàng)individually“個(gè)別地，單獨(dú)地”。句意：相互般配的珍珠，串成一條項(xiàng)鏈，就……能賣(mài)到比同等珍珠賣(mài)出的好得多的價(jià)錢(qián)。根據(jù)句意，A選項(xiàng)及C選項(xiàng)都可排除。D選項(xiàng)“individually”也不符合句意，也可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thereareactuallymanyconvincingreasonstousenaturalproducts,eventheregularhealthproductsarefilledwithchemicals.Allofthoseexcessivechemicalsdoalotharmtoyourbody.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.persuasive

B.confident

C.obedient

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)persuasive“有說(shuō)服力的；勸誘的，勸說(shuō)的”；B選項(xiàng)confident“自信的；確信的”；C選項(xiàng)obedient“順從的，服從的；孝順的”；D選項(xiàng)concrete“混凝土的；實(shí)在的，具體的；有形的”。句意：事實(shí)上，使用天然產(chǎn)品有很多令人信服的理由，即使是普通的保健品也充滿(mǎn)了化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所有這些過(guò)量的化學(xué)物質(zhì)都對(duì)你的身體有害。。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞convincing“令人信服的；有說(shuō)服力的”，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Diet-relateddiseasesalsocostsocietyintermsofdecreasedworkproductivity,increasedabsenteeism,poorerschoolperformance,andreducedfitnessonthepartofmilitary______,amongothernegativeeffects.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recruits

B.reengineering

C.weapon

D.scene

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)recruits“新兵；新成員”；B選項(xiàng)reengineering“企業(yè)再造；再造工程；重建”；C選項(xiàng)weapon“武器，兵器”；D選項(xiàng)scene“場(chǎng)面；情景；景象；事件”。句意：與飲食有關(guān)的疾病也對(duì)社會(huì)造成負(fù)面影響，如工作效率下降、曠工增多、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)差、……身體素質(zhì)下降等。根據(jù)military（軍隊(duì)）以及fitness（身體素質(zhì)）可推測(cè)空白處應(yīng)該填“人”的單詞，因此B、C、D選項(xiàng)都可排除。A選項(xiàng)recruits（新兵）符合，結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.單選題

ItisMr.YorkwhobangsthedruminJohnKirkpatrick'sapparentlyauthentic,andcertainlysuitablebandmusic.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.genuine

B.reliable

C.honest

D.automatic

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)genuine“真實(shí)的，真正的；誠(chéng)懇的”；B選項(xiàng)reliable“可靠的；可信賴(lài)的”；C選項(xiàng)honest“誠(chéng)實(shí)的，實(shí)在的；可靠的；坦率的”；D選項(xiàng)automatic“自動(dòng)的；無(wú)意識(shí)的；必然的”。句意：約克先生在約翰?柯克帕特里克(JohnKirkpatrick)的音樂(lè)中敲起了鼓，這顯然是真實(shí)的，當(dāng)然也是合適的樂(lè)隊(duì)音樂(lè)。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞authentic“真正的，真實(shí)的；可信的”，得知A為正確答案。

6.單選題

Weknowthatchronicpaincandisruptaperson’slife,causingproblemsthatrangefrommissedworktodepression.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.short-term

B.acute

C.bitter

D.long-lasting?

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)short-term“短期的”；B選項(xiàng)acute“嚴(yán)重的，[醫(yī)]急性的；敏銳的；激烈的；尖聲的”；C選項(xiàng)bitter“苦的；痛苦的；尖刻的；充滿(mǎn)仇恨的”；D選項(xiàng)long-lasting“持久的；長(zhǎng)期的，持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的”。句意：我們知道，慢性疼痛會(huì)擾亂一個(gè)人的生活，導(dǎo)致從曠工到抑郁等一系列問(wèn)題。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞chronic“慢性的；長(zhǎng)期的；習(xí)慣性的”，得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Fortune-tellersaregoodatmaking___statementssuchas“Yoursorrowswillchange”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.philosophical

B.ambiguous

C.literal

D.invalid

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)philosophical“哲學(xué)的（等于philosophic）；冷靜的”；B選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；C選項(xiàng)literal“文字的；逐字的；無(wú)夸張的”；D選項(xiàng)invalid“無(wú)效的；有病的；殘疾的”。句意：算命的人擅長(zhǎng)說(shuō)一些模棱兩可的話，比如“你的悲傷會(huì)變的”。根據(jù)句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

Despitethechokingsmog,Beijingisstillthenumberonechoiceforgraduatejobseekersbasedonits“softenvironment”,accordingtoareportpublishedlastTuesday.TheChinesecapitalisthepreferredchoiceforfindingworkowingtoitssocialenvironment,economicdevelopment,infrastructure,consumptionhabitsandinternationalizedatmosphere.Althoughmetropolisesarestilltopchoicesforgraduatestoworkin,thepastthreeyearshaveseenmoreuniversityandcollegegraduatesworkinprefecture-levelcities,orevensmallercities.

【答案】據(jù)上周二發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，盡管煙霧彌漫，但基于“軟環(huán)境”，北京仍然是畢業(yè)生求職者的首選。由于中國(guó)的社會(huì)環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、消費(fèi)習(xí)慣和國(guó)際化的氛圍，中國(guó)首都是求職的首選。盡管大城市仍然是畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的首選，但在過(guò)去的三年里，越來(lái)越多的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生到地級(jí)市，甚至更小的城市工作。

9.單選題

Failureinarequiredsubjectmayresultinthe___ofadiploma.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refusal

B.betrayal

C.denial

D.burial

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)refusal“拒絕；優(yōu)先取舍權(quán)；推卻；取舍權(quán)”；B選項(xiàng)betrayal“背叛；辜負(fù)；暴露；違約”；C選項(xiàng)denial“否認(rèn)；拒絕；拒絕給予；節(jié)制；背棄”；D選項(xiàng)burial“埋葬；葬禮；棄絕”。句意：如果某門(mén)必修科目不及格，可能會(huì)被吊銷(xiāo)學(xué)位證書(shū)。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，C為正確答案。

10.單選題

Ican’t___whathashappenedtothevegetables,fortheywerefreshlypickedthismorning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.figureout

B.drawout

C.lookout

D.workout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)figureout“了解，弄清楚”；B選項(xiàng)drawout“拉長(zhǎng)”；C選項(xiàng)lookout“留神，小心”；D選項(xiàng)workout“解決出，算出”。句意：我不知道這些蔬菜怎么了，因?yàn)樗鼈兪墙裉煸缟蟿傉摹＝Y(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Therearemanywaystorecycleusedmaterials,forexample,___rubberfromoldtires.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.detecting

B.declaring

C.reclaiming

D.requiring

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)detect“察覺(jué)；發(fā)現(xiàn)；探測(cè)”；B選項(xiàng)declare“宣布，聲明；斷言，宣稱(chēng)”；C選項(xiàng)reclaim“開(kāi)拓；回收再利用；改造某人，使某人悔改；抗議，喊叫”；D選項(xiàng)require“需要；要求；命令”。句意：有很多方法回收使用過(guò)的材料，例如，從舊輪胎中回收橡膠。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Sometimesthebankmanagerhimselfisaskedto___chequesifhisclerksarenotsureaboutthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.credit

B.assure

C.certify

D.access

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)credit“相信，信任；把……歸給，歸功于；贊頌”；B選項(xiàng)assure“保證；擔(dān)保；使確信；弄清楚”；C選項(xiàng)certify“證明；保證”；D選項(xiàng)access“接近，使用；訪問(wèn)，存?。娔X文檔）”。句意：有時(shí)，如果銀行經(jīng)理的職員對(duì)支票不確定，就要求他本人證明支票。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Whoeversaidthatvictoryhasmanyfathersanddefeatisanorphan,surelyhadneverheardoftheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO).Inthecaseofthehaplessmultilateraltradebodyanditslongsufferingrepresentatives,thetotalfailureoftheopeningmeetingoftheso-calledMillenniumtraderoundhaslotsofpeopleboastingoftheirrolesintheviolentphysicalstruggle.Well.That'sjustbrilliant.Theyareproudofbeingpartofamovementthatwantstowreckthemostimportantengineofeconomicgrowth,prosperityandoverallglobalrisinglivingstandardswehave—thefreedomoftradeandmovementofpeopleandgoodsbetweennations.

The135-membersWTOiscomposedofsovereignofsovereigngovernmentswishingtofurtherthisgoalandeasethesettlementofinternationaltradedisputes.FromthesoundsemanatingfromSeattle,though,itwouldnowseemtheWTOhasnowreplacedtheTrilateralCommissionandtheFreemasonsascandidateNo.1totakeovertheworld.

EverybodyhashisfavoriteSeattlestory.Thecity’spolicechiefwillhaveplentyoftimetothinkabouthis,havingnowresignedindisgraceoverthelossofcontrolofdowntownSeattle.TheSeattlebusinesscommunitymaybemoreinclinedtobroodovertheirs;thepoorfoolsinvested＄9milliontoattractthemeetingtotheirfinecity.Whatstandsoutmore?Iwouldnominatetheunionofsteelworkerswhoweremarchinginprotest.It’sanimagethatwillbogglethemindforyearstocome.

Thedebatenowisoverjusthoweffectivethisanti-globalistcoalitionwillturnouttobe.Intheheatofthemoment,italwayslooksasthoughtheworldasweknowitiscomingtoanenD.Buttheoverwhelminglikelihoodisthatwehavenotactuallyseenarelayoftheanti-VietnamWarmovement,whichhadmuchclearerfocus,obviously,thoughitsconsequenceswerefar-reaching.Howlong,afterall,canyouprotestagainstcheapimportswhenthosesameimportsarealloveryouhouse?

No,therealreasonforthedisasterinSeattleispolitical,andreportscomingoutofthemeetingpointtoPresidentClintonasamajorculprit.WhichmaybebothgoodandbaD.Takingthelongview,othertraderoundshavehaddifficultbeginnings,too.IttookyearstogettheUruguayRoundunderway,whichfinallyhappenedin1986.Thankfully,wewillsoonbeelectinganotherpresident,anditshouldbesomeonewhoseactionsmatchhisrhetoric.

Still,itisadisgracethattheworld'sgreatesttradingnation,i.e.theUnitedStates,iscurrentlyledbyamanwhosemotivationsaresonarrowlypoliticalandegocentricthathehasnowwreckedanychanceofenteringthehistorybooksasachampionoffreetrade.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thefailureoftheSeattlemeetingischieflycausedby_______.

2.Wecanlearnfromthebeginningofthepassagethat______.

3.OneoftheWTO'sgoalsasmentionedinthepassageisto_______.

4.Bysayingthat“It’sanimagethatwillbogglethemindforyearstocome.”(thelastsentenceinParagraph3)theauthormeansthat______.

5.TheauthorisobviouslycriticalofPresidentClintonfor______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anti-globalistandpro-globalistconflicts

B.PresidentClinton’swronginitiatives

C.thestrongprotestsfromdiversegroups

D.thepolice'sfailuretomaintainorder

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.differentforcescontributedtothefailureoftheMillenniumtraderound

B.manypeoplebraggedoftheirpresenceattheMillenniumtraderound

C.thereexistedarangeofviolentdebatedastotheprospectsoftheWTO

D.onlyafewmemberswereproudoftheirmembershipoftheWTO

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.serveasarbitersininternationaltradedisputes

B.ensurecheapexportandimportofgoodsunnecessarily

C.bringabouttheglobalizationofworld'strades

D.encouragefreetradeandgoodsexchangesworldwide

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theWTOislikelytohaveanegativeimageinpeople'smindinthefuture

B.theWTOwillhavetroublechangingpeople'swayofthinkinginthefuture

C.thestartlingscenewillprobablylingerinpeople'smindtheyearstocome

D.peoplewilllosewhateverconfidencetheyholdinthefutureoftheWTO

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.hisfailingtomatchhiswordswithhisactions

B.hishandlingthematterinawrongperspective

C.hislackinghistoricalknowledgeabouttheWTO

D.hisoveremphasizingtheeconomicroleoftheWTO

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Seattlemeeting”可以定位到文章第五段中“No,therealreasonforthedisasterinSeattleispolitical,andreportscomingoutofthemeetingpointtoPresidentClintonasamajorculprit.”中文翻譯為：不，西雅圖災(zāi)難的真正原因是政治，會(huì)議的報(bào)告指出，總統(tǒng)克林頓是主要的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住？梢缘弥狟選項(xiàng)“克林頓總統(tǒng)的錯(cuò)誤舉措”正確。

2.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段，中文翻譯為：誰(shuí)說(shuō)勝利有許多父親，失敗是一個(gè)孤兒，肯定沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)。以不幸的多邊貿(mào)易組織及其長(zhǎng)期受苦受難的代表們?yōu)槔?，所謂的千年貿(mào)易回合(Millenniumtraderound)開(kāi)幕式的徹底失敗，讓很多人吹噓自己在這場(chǎng)激烈的斗爭(zhēng)中扮演的角色。好，這就是燦爛的。他們?yōu)樽约菏且粓?chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的一部分而感到自豪，這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)希望摧毀我們所擁有的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、繁榮和全球整體生活水平不斷提高的最重要引擎——貿(mào)易自由以及國(guó)與國(guó)之間人員和貨物流動(dòng)。A選項(xiàng)“不同的力量促成了千年貿(mào)易談判的失敗”符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“許多人吹噓他們出席了千年貿(mào)易談判”不符合題意，故排除。C選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于世貿(mào)組織的前景存在著一系列激烈的爭(zhēng)論”不符合題意，故排除。D選項(xiàng)“只有幾個(gè)成員國(guó)為他們是世貿(mào)組織的成員而感到自豪”不符合題意，文中很多人吹噓自己在這場(chǎng)激烈的斗爭(zhēng)中扮演的角色，故排除。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Theyareproudofbeingpartofamovementthatwantstowreckthemostimportantengineofeconomicgrowth,prosperityandoverallglobalrisinglivingstandardswehave—thefreedomoftradeandmovementofpeopleandgoodsbetweennations.”中文翻譯為：他們?yōu)樽约菏且粓?chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的一部分而感到自豪，這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)希望摧毀我們所擁有的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、繁榮和全球整體生活水平不斷提高的最重要引擎——貿(mào)易自由以及國(guó)與國(guó)之間人員和貨物流動(dòng)。D選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)世界范圍內(nèi)的自由貿(mào)易和商品交流”符合題意，故選D。A選項(xiàng)“在國(guó)際貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端中擔(dān)任仲裁者”不符合題意，故排除。B選項(xiàng)“確保不必要的廉價(jià)進(jìn)出口”不符合題意，故排除。C選項(xiàng)“帶來(lái)世界貿(mào)易的全球化”不符合題意，故排除。

4.作者意圖題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句“It’sanimagethatwillbogglethemindforyearstocome.”中文翻譯：這是一個(gè)在未來(lái)幾年里會(huì)讓人難以置信的畫(huà)面。A選項(xiàng)“WTO在未來(lái)很可能在人們的腦海中有一個(gè)負(fù)面的形象”與題干句子意思相符，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通讀題干定位到文章第五段最后一句“Thankfully,wewillsoonbeelectinganotherpresident,anditshouldbesomeonewhoseactionsmatchhisrhetoric.”中文大意：值得慶幸的是，我們很快將選出另一位總統(tǒng)，而這位總統(tǒng)應(yīng)該是言行一致的人。根據(jù)前文“No,therealreasonforthedisasterinSeattleispolitical,andreportscomingoutofthemeetingpointtoPresidentClintonasamajorculprit.”中文大意：不，西雅圖災(zāi)難的真正原因是政治，會(huì)議的報(bào)告指出，總統(tǒng)克林頓是主要的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。前文批判克林頓為“罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?，后文筆者說(shuō)值得慶幸的是將選出另外一位言行一致的總統(tǒng)。A選項(xiàng)“他言行不一致”最符合題意，因此選A。

14.單選題

SusanTellertraveledandlecturedthroughoutthecountryto___educationandprofessionalskillssothatwomencouldenterthepublicworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advocate

B.acquire

C.proclaim

D.prosecute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)advocate“提倡，擁護(hù)；為……辯護(hù)”；B選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得；取得；學(xué)到；捕獲”；C選項(xiàng)proclaim“宣告，公布；聲明；表明；贊揚(yáng)”；D選項(xiàng)prosecute“檢舉；貫徹；從事；依法進(jìn)行；起訴；告發(fā)；做檢察官”。句意：蘇珊?泰勒在全國(guó)各地旅行和演講，宣揚(yáng)教育和專(zhuān)業(yè)技能，使婦女能夠進(jìn)入公共世界。根據(jù)句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.

Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminateD.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyusingthewordeventuallyinPara.1?

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof___.

4.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEXCEPT___.

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenaissancemusicalstyle?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”aftertheotherhistoriansdid

B.Thatmostmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”

C.Theterm“Renaissance”becamewidelyusedbyarthistoriansbutnotbymusichistorians

D.Thatmusichistoriansusedtheterm“Renaissance”verydifferentlythanithadbeenusedbyJulesMichelet

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tousereligiousthemes

B.toportrayonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.toproduceartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.tocreateworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干，通讀全文，以及定位到文章尾段第一句“ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.”，中文翻譯為：歐洲音樂(lè)復(fù)興與其說(shuō)是一套特定的音樂(lè)技巧，不如說(shuō)是一場(chǎng)普遍的文化運(yùn)動(dòng)和一種精神狀態(tài)?？梢耘袛郈選項(xiàng)“歐洲文藝復(fù)興是一種包括音樂(lè)風(fēng)格變化在內(nèi)的文化發(fā)展?！闭_。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵字“eventually”可以定位到原文第一段“Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.”，中文翻譯為：1855年，歷史學(xué)家朱爾斯?米歇萊(JulesMichelet)在他的《法國(guó)歷史》中首次使用了這個(gè)詞，隨后被文化歷史學(xué)家、藝術(shù)歷史學(xué)家和音樂(lè)歷史學(xué)家采用，所有這些歷史學(xué)家都在1450-1600年的150年間將其應(yīng)用于歐洲文化。關(guān)鍵詞“eventually”意為“最后；終于”因此可知A選項(xiàng)：音樂(lè)歷史學(xué)家在其他歷史學(xué)家之后才使用“文藝復(fù)興”這個(gè)詞正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“thatthinkersoftheRenaissance”可定位到原文第一段“Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohumanasopposedtospiritual-values.”，中文翻譯為：對(duì)這些學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)，這意味著回歸人類(lèi)，而不是靈魂價(jià)值。判斷C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)人類(lèi)價(jià)值的文化強(qiáng)調(diào)”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A選項(xiàng)“使用宗教主題”，C選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)作出人們會(huì)覺(jué)得有吸引力的藝術(shù)作品”以及D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)作容易理解的作品”可定位到原文第二段“Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.”，中文翻譯為：藝術(shù)家和作家現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向世俗和宗教題材，力求使他們的作品易于理解和吸引人。可知B選項(xiàng)“只描繪人類(lèi)經(jīng)歷中令人愉快的部分”未提及，符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文尾段“Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf-thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.”，中文翻譯為：此外，音樂(lè)在這一個(gè)半世紀(jì)里變化如此之快，盡管在不同的國(guó)家以不同的速度變化——我們不能定義一個(gè)單一的文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格。判斷出D選項(xiàng)“在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，音樂(lè)從未長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持不變?！闭_。

16.單選題

Therearemanywhobelievethattheuseofforce___politicalendscanneverbejustified.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insearchof

B.inpursuitof

C.inviewof

D.inlightof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)insearchof“尋找”；B選項(xiàng)inpursuitof“追求”；C選項(xiàng)inviewof“鑒于，由于”；D選項(xiàng)inlightof“根據(jù)”。句意：有許多人認(rèn)為，為追求政治目的而使用武力永遠(yuǎn)是不正當(dāng)?shù)?。根?jù)句意可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Itisaclassiccaseofthebored-housewifesyndrome—doingnothingalldaybutdrinkandgoshopping.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hindrance

B.synthesis

C.system

D.symptomsorsignstoformarecognizablepattern

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)hindrance“障礙；妨礙；妨害；阻礙物”；B選項(xiàng)synthesis“綜合，[化學(xué)]合成；綜合體”；C選項(xiàng)system“制度，體制；系統(tǒng)；方法”；D選項(xiàng)symptomsorsignstoformarecognizablepattern“形成可識(shí)別模式的癥狀或體征”。句意：這是一個(gè)典型的無(wú)聊家庭主婦綜合癥——整天無(wú)所事事，只喝酒和購(gòu)物。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞syndrome“[臨床]綜合癥狀；并發(fā)癥狀；校驗(yàn)子；并發(fā)位”，得知B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

EuropeanUnionenvironmentalofficialshavedeterminedthattwokindsofgeneticallymodifiedcorncouldharmbutterflies,affectfoodchainsanddisturblifeinriversandstreams,andtheyhaveproposedabanonthesaleoftheseeds,whicharemadebyDuPontPioneer,DowAgrosciencesandSyngentA.ThepreliminarydecisionsarecirculatingwithintheEuropeanCommission,whichhasthefinalsay.SomeofficialsthereareskepticalofabanthatwouldupsetthepowerfulbiotechnologyindustryandcouldexacerbatetensionswithimportanttradingpartnersliketheUnitedStates.TheseedsarenotavailableontheEuropeanmarketforcultivation.

Inthedecisions,theenvironmentcommissioner,StavrosDimas,contendsthatthegeneticallymodifiedcom,ormaizecouldaffectcertainbutterflyspecies,specificallythemonarch,andotherbeneficialinsects.Forinstance,researchthisyearindicatesthatlarvaeofthemonarchbutterflyexposedtothegeneticallymodifiedcom“behavedifferentlythanotherlarvae.”InthedecisionconcerningthecornseedsproducedbyDowandPioneer,Mr.Dimascalls“potentialdamageontheenvironmentirreversible.”InthedecisiononSyngenta’scom,hesaysthat“thelevelofriskgeneratedbythecultivationofthisproductfortheenvironmentisunacceptable.”

AdecisionbytheEuropeanUniontobarcultivationofthegeneticallymodifiedcropswouldbethefirstofitskindinthetradebloc,andwouldintensifythecontinuingbattleovergeneticallymodifiedcorn.BanningtheapplicationsforcorncropsalsowouldmarkaboldnewstepforEuropeanenvironmentalauthorities,whoarealreadyaggressivelypursuingregulationsonemissionsfromcarsandaircraft,settingitatoddswiththeUnitedStatesandangeringindustries.

“TheseproductshavebeengrownintheU.S.andothercountriesforyears,”saidStephenNorton,aspokesmanfortheUnitedStatestraderepresentative,“WearenotawareofanyothercasewhenaproducthasbeenrejectedafterhavingbeenreviewedanddeterminedsafebyEuropeanfoodsafetyauthorities,”hesaid.

BarbaraHelfferich,aspokeswomanforMr.Dimas,declinedtocommentonthespecificsoftheprocedurebecausecommissionershadnotyetmadeafinaldecision.ButshesaidthattheEuropeanUnionwaswithinitsrightstomakedecisionsbasedonthe“precautionaryprinciple”evenwhenscientistshadfoundnodefinitiveevidenceprovingproductscancauseharm.ShesaidthatthedecisionsbyMr.Dimascouldgobeforethecommissionwithinafewweeks,butshesaidthatnodatehadbeenset.Inthedecisions,Mr.Dimascitedrecentresearchshowingthatconsumptionofgeneticallymodified“combyproductsreducedgrowthandincreasedmortalityofnon-targetstreaminsects”andthattheseinsects“areimportantpreyforaquaticandriparianpredators”andthatthiscouldhave“unexpectedecosystem-scaleconsequences.”

Althoughstillpreliminary,hisdecisionscoulddrasticallytiltthepolicyagainstfutureapprovalsofgeneticallymodifiedcrops,saidNathalieMoll,aspokeswomanforEuropabio,anindustrygroupwith80membersincludingSyngenta,PioneerandDow.EuropabiosaysthatthecropsgrownusingthegeneticallymodifiedcomarealreadyimportedintoseveralEuropeancountries,includingFranceandGermany,wheretheyareusedtofeedanimalslikecowsandchickens.

RobGianfranceschi,spokesmanattheUnitedStatesmissiontotheEuropeanUnioninBrussels,saiditwastooearlytocommentonadecisionthathadnotyetbeenformalizeD.ButhemadeclearthattheUnitedStatesremainedfrustratedwithEuropeanpoliciesongeneticallymodifiedcrops.

1.Thepreliminarydecisionsaremadeby______.

2.Tothedecisions,theEuropeanCommissionofficials’attitudesare______.

3.Aboutthedecisions,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Mr.Dimascitedmanyresearchesonthegeneticallymodifiedcorninhisdecisioninorderto______.

5.Theword“tilt”inParA.6mostprobablymeans______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.StavrosDimas

B.EuropeanUnionenvironmentalofficials

C.EuropeanCommission

D.DuPontPioneer,DowAgrosciencesandSyngenta

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.skeptical

B.controversial

C.divergent

D.contradictory

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thedecisionsaimtoputabanonthesaleoftheseedsofgeneticallymodifiedcornduetopoliticalandbiologicalconcerns

B.Thedecisionscouldprobablybemadeevenifnodefinitiveevidenceprovingtheproductsharmfulisfound

C.ThedecisionsarewarmlyembracedbyallEUmembersbutbitterlyrejectedbytheirtradepartners

D.ThereishighpossibilitythatthedecisionswouldbeapprovedbytheEuropeanCommission

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.dispelsomeofficials’doubtonhisdecisions

B.assurethattheycanbepresentedbeforethecommissionwithsolidevidence

C.demonstratethelatestachievementofhisdecision

D.enhancethestrengthofhisdecision-making

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.induce

B.affect

C.incline

D.evoke

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“preliminarydecisions”（初步的決定）可定位到文中第一段第二句“ThepreliminarydecisionsarecirculatingwithintheEuropeanCommission,”（初步?jīng)Q定正在擁有最終決定權(quán)的歐盟委員會(huì)內(nèi)部流傳），故判斷C選項(xiàng)“歐盟委員會(huì)”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“EuropeanCommissionofficial”（歐盟委員會(huì)官員）可定位到文中第一段第三句“SomeofficialsthereareskepticalofabanthatwouldupsetthepowerfulbiotechnologyindustryandcouldexacerbatetensionswithimportanttradingpartnersliketheUnitedStates.”（一些官員對(duì)這一禁令持懷疑態(tài)度，因?yàn)樗鼘_亂強(qiáng)大的生物技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，并可能加劇與美國(guó)等重要貿(mào)易伙伴的緊張關(guān)系）。A選項(xiàng)“持懷疑態(tài)度的”符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“有爭(zhēng)議的”，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)散的”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“矛盾的”不符合題意，可排除。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“decisions”（決定）可定位到文中第三段“AdecisionbytheEuropeanUniontobarcultivationofthegeneticallymodifiedcropswouldbethefirstofitskindinthetradebloc,andwouldintensifythecontinuingbattleovergeneticallymodifiedcorn”。中文翻譯：歐盟禁止種植轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的決定，將是歐盟首次做出此類(lèi)決定，并將加劇圍繞轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的持續(xù)斗爭(zhēng)。A選項(xiàng)“出于政治和生物方面的考慮，這些決定旨在禁止銷(xiāo)售轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米種子”符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“即使沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)證明產(chǎn)品有害，也有可能做出決定”，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“這些決定受到所有歐盟成員國(guó)的熱烈歡迎，但遭到其貿(mào)易伙伴的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“這些決定很有可能得到歐盟委員會(huì)的批準(zhǔn)?！辈环项}意，可排除。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Mr.Dimas”可定位到文中的第二段。A選項(xiàng)“打消了一些官員對(duì)他的決定的懷疑?！惫賳T對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)基因玉米對(duì)環(huán)境的影響持肯定態(tài)度，Mr.Dimas與他們的觀點(diǎn)一致，因此可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“確保向委員會(huì)提供確鑿證據(jù)?！狈项}意，B選項(xiàng)正確。C選項(xiàng)“展示他決定的最新成果?！甭?lián)系上下文，Mr.Dimas的觀點(diǎn)不是為了展示他決定的最新成果，因此可排除。D選項(xiàng)“增強(qiáng)他的決策力?！币膊环项}意，也可排除。因此，選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.詞義辨析題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位到文中第六段。A選項(xiàng)“誘導(dǎo)；引起”，B選項(xiàng)“影響”，C選項(xiàng)“傾向于；（使）傾向于”，D選項(xiàng)“引起，喚起；博得”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“policy”（政策），可排除A、D選項(xiàng)，由關(guān)鍵詞“drastically”（徹底地，激烈地）可推測(cè)這個(gè)決定的所產(chǎn)生的后果比較嚴(yán)重，因此B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)與詞義意思相近，因此，C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Themanager'sjobisnottomakedecisionsbuttocarryoutthedecisionsthedirectormakes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fulfill

B.accomplish

C.implement

D.affect

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)fulfill“實(shí)現(xiàn)；滿(mǎn)足；使結(jié)束”；B選項(xiàng)accomplish“完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)；達(dá)到”；C選項(xiàng)implement“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行；實(shí)現(xiàn)，使生效”；D選項(xiàng)affect“影響”。句意：經(jīng)理的工作不是做決定，而是執(zhí)行主管做的決定。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞makedecision（做決定），得知C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Themembersofthebranchwereindignantthatgovernmenthadplantedtwospiesamongthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irate

B.indifferent

C.insensible

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)irate“生氣的；發(fā)怒的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的；不關(guān)心的；中等的”；C選項(xiàng)insensible“昏迷的；無(wú)知覺(jué)的；麻木不仁的”；D選項(xiàng)inspired“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的；能力卓越的；借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的”。句意：支部的成員對(duì)政府在他們中間安插了兩名間諜感到憤怒。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)plantedtwospiesamongthem“安插了兩名間諜”，可推測(cè)支部的成員會(huì)對(duì)此十分氣憤，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Thatcountryisdisturbedatthedevelopmentswhichseemunfavorabletoitsinterests.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adverse

B.adherent

C.controversial

D.disagreeable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)adverse“不利的；相反的”；B選項(xiàng)adherent“粘著的；遵守的”；C選項(xiàng)controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的；有爭(zhēng)論的”；D選項(xiàng)disagreeable“不愉快的；厭惡的；不為人喜的”。句意：那個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)似乎不利于其利益的事態(tài)發(fā)展感到不安。A選項(xiàng)adverse（不利的）最符合題意，B，C，D選項(xiàng)都可排除。結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Thevolcanogavewarningthatitwouldsoonpop:smallearthquakesshudderedbeneathitssurfaceonSeptember23.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sank

B.sent

C.erupted

D.shook

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)sank“沉陷”；B選項(xiàng)sent“送，寄出”；C選項(xiàng)erupted“爆發(fā)；長(zhǎng)出”；D選項(xiàng)shook“搖動(dòng)”。句意：火山發(fā)出警告說(shuō)它很快就會(huì)爆發(fā)：9月23日，它的地表下發(fā)生了小地震。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞earthquakes（地震）可排除B、C選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)sank（沉陷）也與地震不匹配，因此得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Mr.ObamaisthefirstpresidentsinceRichardM.Nixontobe______andelectedwhilelivinginacityneighborhood.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appointed

B.nominated

C.represented

D.positioned

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)appointed“任命；約定；命令；受權(quán)處置的”；B選項(xiàng)nominated“提名……為候選人；任命的”；C選項(xiàng)represented“代表；表現(xiàn)；描寫(xiě)”；D選項(xiàng)positioned“放置；確定……的位置”。句意：奧巴馬是自理查德?M?尼克松（RichardM.Nixon）以來(lái)，第一位居住在城市社區(qū)并被提名和選舉的總統(tǒng)。根據(jù)句意，C項(xiàng)以及D項(xiàng)都可排除，A項(xiàng)appointed的意思是“任命；委任”，指不經(jīng)過(guò)選擇的官方委任，也可排除。B選項(xiàng)nominated通常指為某一公職的候選人，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Thesultryweatherinthetropicsencouragesalifeof______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.leisure

B.comfort

C.industry

D.indolence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)leisure“空閑”；B選項(xiàng)comfort“安慰，舒適”；C選項(xiàng)industry“產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)”；D選項(xiàng)indolence“懶散，懶惰”。句意：天氣悶熱的熱帶地區(qū)鼓勵(lì)……生活。根據(jù)句意，可以推測(cè)天氣悶熱，會(huì)鼓勵(lì)一種懶散生活。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasic______ofmatter,andthemiraclesoflife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bacteria

B.constituents

C.erosion

D.contexts

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)b