2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)人民大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)28

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)人民大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Ingeneral,the（

）amountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotalforlivingexpenses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.advisable

C.available

D.applicable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)生在住房上的開支應(yīng)控制在生活費(fèi)總額的五分之一以內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指可用的費(fèi)用，選項(xiàng)B更符合句意。

2.單選題

Britain’shopeofagoldmedalintheOlympicGamessuffered（）yesterday,whenHunterfailedtoqualifyduringpreliminarysession.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asevereset-back

B.sharpset-back

C.asevereblown-up

D.sharpblown-up

【答案】A

【解析】set-back阻礙，停止，為名詞，前面需加冠詞a，排除選項(xiàng)B；blown-up放大的，膨脹的，為形容詞，不用冠詞a修飾，排除選項(xiàng)C。句意：當(dāng)Hunter在預(yù)賽中未能晉級(jí)，英國(guó)在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上奪冠的希望昨日遭遇嚴(yán)重挫折。選項(xiàng)A更符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Notuntilthe1980s（）inBeijingstarttofindwaystopreservehistoricbuildingsfromdestruction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.someconcerningcitizens

C.didsomeconcerningcitizens

D.didsomeconcernedcitizens

【答案】D

【解析】Notuntil位于句首應(yīng)使用倒裝。句子表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，借助于助動(dòng)詞did并提前，concerning為介詞，也可以看作動(dòng)名詞，表示使擔(dān)憂，但選項(xiàng)C的表達(dá)不符合語(yǔ)法；concerned為形容詞，在這里修飾citizens。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Evidence,reference,andfootnotesbythethousandtestifytoascrupulousresearcherwhodoesconsiderablejusticetoafullrangeofdifferenttheoreticalandpoliticalpositions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trustworthy

B.intelligent

C.diligent

D.meticulous

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。scrupulous指小心謹(jǐn)慎的。trustworthy可靠的，可信賴的；intelligent聰明的；diligent用功的，費(fèi)盡心思的；meticulous小心翼翼的。選項(xiàng)D與劃線部分意思最為接近。

5.單選題

Childrenareoften（）sportsatanearlyage.Astheygetolderandstartschooltheyparticipateinsportsasawaybothtomakenewfriendsandbeactive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposedto

B.spoiledby

C.indulgedin

D.worriedabout

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。exposedto接觸，暴露于;spoiledby被寵壞;indulgedin沉溺于;worriedabout為...…擔(dān)心。句意：孩子們經(jīng)常在很小的時(shí)候就接觸到運(yùn)動(dòng)。隨著他們長(zhǎng)大開始上學(xué)，參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)以此來(lái)結(jié)交新朋友變得活躍。只有A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallytheyaremixedtogetherandcan’tbetoldfromoneanother.Butmanyofthemstilltalkaboutwheretheirancestorscamefrom.Itissomethingtheyareproudof.

TheoriginalAmericans,ofcourseweretheIndians.Theso-calledwhitemenwhothencameweremostlyfromEngland.ButmanycamefromothercountrieslikeGermanyandFrance.

OneproblemtheUnitedStateshasalwayshadisdiscrimination.AsnewgroupscametotheUnitedStatestheyfoundtheywerediscriminatedagainst.FirstitwastheIrishandItalians.Lateritwastheblacks.Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletofinallyescapethisdiscrimination.Theonlyimmigrantswhohavenotaretheblacks.SurprisinglyenoughtheworstdiscriminationtodayisshowntowardstheIndians.

OnereasontheIndiansarediscriminatedagainstisthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.Ofcoursetheyarenottheonlyoneswhohavedoneso.TheJapanesehavetheirLittleTokyoinLosAngelesandtheChineseaChinatowninNewYork.TheDutchsettlementinPennsylvaniaalsostaysseparatefromotherpeople.Theirtownsarelikesomethingfromthe19thcentury.Theyhaveadifferentreasonfromtheothergroupsforstayingseparately.Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthankeeptogetherinaracialgroup.

Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselvesseparateandothershavebeendiscriminatedagainst,allgroupshavehelpedmaketheUnitedStatesagreatcounty.Thereisnogroupthathasnothelpedinsomeway.Andthereisnogroupthatcansaytheyhavedonethemosttomakeitagreatcountry.

ManypeoplestillcomefromothercountriestohelptheUnitedStatesgrow.AgoodexampleistheAmericanprojectthatletamanwalkonthemoon.ItwasascientistfromGermanywhowasmostresponsiblefordoingthat.ItiscertainthatinthefuturetheUnitedStateswillstillneedthehelpofpeoplefromallracialgroupstoremainagreatcountry.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainideaofthispassage?

2.Inthefirstparagraphtheword“told”means（）.

3.Thispassageimpliesthatdiscriminationisaproblemwhich（）.

4.ThemainreasonwhytheIndiansaremostdiscriminatedagainstisthat（）.

5.TheDutchliveseparatelyinPennsylvania（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.

B.DiscriminationisthemostseriousproblemintheUnitedStates.

C.AllracesintheUnitedStateshavehelpedmakethecountryagreatone.

D.TheprosperityoftheUnitedStatesismainlyduetothehardworkofthemostdiscriminatedraces.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.separated

B.distinguished

C.revealed

D.madeknown

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.manyracesintheUnitedStateshaveexperienced

B.willstillbeveryseriousintheUnitedStatesinthefuture

C.hasalreadybeensolvedintheUnitedStates

D.isstronglyopposedbymanydifferentracesintheUnitedStates

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavetriedhardtokeeptheirreligions

B.theyhavetriedhardtolivetogethertokeeptheirIndiancustoms

C.theyaretheonlyoneswhohavetriedtokeeptheiridentify

D.theydiscriminatemanyotherraces

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.toescapediscrimination

B.tokeeptogetherinaracialgroup

C.toenjoythemselvesintheirowntowns

D.forreligiousreasons

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。原文第一段第一句指出美國(guó)是一個(gè)由許多不同種族組成的國(guó)家，由此引出種族歧視，但本文的主旨句在第五段第一句，所有的種族都幫助美國(guó)成為一個(gè)偉大的國(guó)家。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)原文句意，通常它們是混合在一起的，無(wú)法區(qū)分。由此可推測(cè)，told指無(wú)法區(qū)分的，選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第五句“Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletofinallyescapethisdiscrimination.”幾乎每一個(gè)群體最終都能擺脫這種歧視。說(shuō)明每個(gè)種族都曾經(jīng)歷過(guò)歧視，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“OnereasontheIndiansarediscriminatedagainstisthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.”印第安人受到歧視的一個(gè)原因是他們一直努力保持自己的身份。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。本題容易錯(cuò)選A，第四段最后一句提到的是荷蘭人由于宗教原因與其他種族分開，而不是印第安人，所以不正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasons...”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.翻譯題

Onemightaskwhyspeculationispermittedwhenthereissorealadangerofloss.Thebasicreasonisthatspeculationcanperformusefulfunctionsintheeconomy.Buyingacommodityorthestockinthebeliefthatpriceswillrisespeedsmarketequilibriumandencouragesfasterentryofmoresuppliers.Ifthepricechangelaggeduntilafteranactualcommodityshortagehadoccurred,thefluctuationwouldprobablybesharperandmoresudden.Remedialsupplyactioncouldnotbefurtherdelayed.Similarly,ifspeculatorsforeseeasurplusinsomecommodity,theirsellingoffutureswillhelpdrivethepricedowntosomeextentbeforethesurplusactuallyoccurs.Whenspeculatorsforeseeashortageandbiduptheprice,theyarealsohelpingtoconservethepresentsupply.Asthepricegoesup,lessofthecommodityispurchased;ariseinpriceencouragesuserstoeconomize.Similarly,aloweringofpriceencouragesuserstobuymore,thushelpingtosellthesurpluswhichisdeveloping.

【答案】當(dāng)確實(shí)存在遭受損失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)，人們不禁要問(wèn)為什么允許進(jìn)行投機(jī)活動(dòng)。這其中根本的原因是投機(jī)能對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生有益作用。當(dāng)人們預(yù)期商品價(jià)格的上漲速度要超過(guò)市場(chǎng)平衡點(diǎn)時(shí)，就會(huì)買入商品或股票并鼓勵(lì)更多的供應(yīng)商入市。如果價(jià)格的變化滯后，甚至在切實(shí)的商品短缺發(fā)生后，價(jià)格還沒(méi)有變化，價(jià)格波動(dòng)可能會(huì)更劇烈和更突然。調(diào)節(jié)性的供應(yīng)行為此時(shí)絲毫不能耽擱。同樣，如果投機(jī)商預(yù)測(cè)到某些商品會(huì)供應(yīng)過(guò)量，這時(shí)他們?nèi)绻u出期貨將有助于在切實(shí)的商品供應(yīng)過(guò)量發(fā)生前將價(jià)格下調(diào)到一定水平。當(dāng)投機(jī)商預(yù)測(cè)到商品會(huì)短缺并通過(guò)競(jìng)標(biāo)抬高價(jià)格時(shí)，他們也在幫助囤積當(dāng)前的商品供應(yīng)。隨著價(jià)格的上漲，人們購(gòu)買的商品量就會(huì)減少；價(jià)格的上漲鼓勵(lì)人們節(jié)約。同樣，降低價(jià)格將會(huì)鼓勵(lì)使用者購(gòu)買更多的商品，進(jìn)而有助于將正在形成供應(yīng)過(guò)量的商品銷售出去。

8.單選題

Ifeachofusdoesourpartlittlebylittle,wecan（）thelifespanofourplanetandourselves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enlarge

B.expand

C.increase

D.grow

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。enlarge擴(kuò)大，放大；expand擴(kuò)張，使膨脹；increase增加，延長(zhǎng)；grow發(fā)展，生長(zhǎng)。句意：如果我們每一個(gè)人都能夠一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地做好我們的本職工作，那么我們賴以生存的星球和我們自己本身的壽命會(huì)延長(zhǎng)。本題想表達(dá)的是壽命的延長(zhǎng)，increase有“延長(zhǎng)”的意思，故答案C。

9.單選題

TomandAlice（）havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeendreamingof

B.havebeendreamingof

C.hasdreamed

D.willhavedreamed

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C，再根據(jù)“foryears”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

10.單選題

Onecanunderstandothersmuchbetterbynotingtheimmediateandfleetingreactionsoftheireyesand（）toexpressedthoughts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dilemmas

B.countenances

C.concessions

D.junctions

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。dilemmas困境；countenances面容；concessions讓步；junctions連接點(diǎn)。句意：一個(gè)人可以通過(guò)注意他人的眼睛和面部即時(shí)的或短暫的反應(yīng)來(lái)更好地理解別人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Foranyonewhohasexperiencedanearthquake,theexperiencecanbefrighteningandtraumatic.Inadditiontothemovementoftheground,peopleneedtobeconcernedwithcollapsingbuildingsandfallingdebris,suchasflyingglass.Themajorityoftheinjuriesanddeathsthatoccurfromtheearthquakesareduetofallingobjectsandstructures.Theeffectofanearthquakecanalsocausedangerouslandslides,fires,gaslineexplosionsandflood-watersfromcollapsingdam.ThegoalofseismologistsistounderstandtheearthquakeandotherseismicactivityonEarth.Thisinformation,whensharedwithpeopleinearthquake-proneareas,canhelpdecreasethenumberofdeathsandinjuriesthatmayoccur.

Oneofthemostdestructiveeffectsofearthquakeistsunami.Tsunami,giantoceanwaves,fromafteranearthquakehasoccurredontheoceanfloor.Ifthetsunamicrashesintoland,itmaycausedestruction.Thedifficultywithprotectingpeoplefromtsunamiisthattheymaycomewithoutwarningandatanextremelyhighspeed.Onceunderseaearthquakesoccur,theoceanfloorrisesandsinks.Thisiswhentsunamimaybegintoform.Alongwiththisshiftingoftheoceanfloor,thereisalsoalargemassofseawaterthatmaydroporrise.Toadjustthesuddenchangeinsealevel,themassofwatermovesupwardanddownward.Asitismoving,aseriesofreactionscomelong.Lowwavesbegintomovefromthepointoftheepicenteroutward.Thesewaveswillincreaseinheightastheycomeclosertotheshore.Underwaterlandslidescausedbyearthquakesmayalsoformtsunamis.

Onland,thefocusofanearthquake’sdestructionisusuallybuildingsandproperty.Mostofthebuildingstodayarebuiltusingstrictbuildingcodes.Thesecodesrequirethatthebuildingcanwithstandtheswayingmotionofthegroundduringanearthquake.However,therebuildings,likeskyscrapers,mayswaysoviolentlythattheymaytipoverandcausedamagetolowerstructuresnearby.Onefactorthataffectstheintensityofanearthquakeisthelocalgeology.Thetypeoflandthatbeneaththebuildingscandeterminethewaythebuildingsrespondtoanearthquake.Buildingsareconstructedonloosesoilandrock.Likelysoilandrockvibrateasiftheywerejelly.Whenbuildingsareconstructedonthistypeofland,theytendtohaveanexaggeratedmotionandtoswayviolently.

1.Thisarticleisconcernedwith（）.

2.Theword“seismologists”(Line5,Paragraph1)refersto（）.

3.Theterm“earthquake-pronearea”(Line6,Paragraph1)probablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,tsunamisarecausedby（）.

5.Fromthelastparagraphofthearticle,wecaninferthattheintensityofanearthquakeiscloselyrelatedto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.earthquakesonly

B.tsunamisonly

C.bothearthquakesandtsunamis

D.variousnaturaldisasters

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.expertswhoareinterestedinbuildings

B.peoplewhoactasrescueswhenearthquakesoccur

C.peoplewhohaveabilitytopredicttsunamis

D.expertswhostudyearthquakesandrelatedphenomena

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.aplacewhereearthquakesaremorelikelytohappen

B.aregionthattsunamisaremorelikelytooccur

C.anareathatismoresuitablefortheconstructionofskyscrapers

D.azoneinwhichearthquakesareverylikelytohappen

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.extremeclimaticchangeduetoglobalwarming

B.destructionofthebalanceoftheecology

C.earthquakes

D.risingsealeveloftheoceanaswellascarbondioxideemission

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.structuresofthebuilding

B.solidityofthebuilding

C.theheightofthebuilding

D.thelocalgeology

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨思想題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是地震及其影響，并著重介紹了其最具破壞性的影響之一——海嘯。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“ThegoalofseismologistsistounderstandtheearthquakeandotherseismicactivityonEarth.”可知，seismologists的目標(biāo)是了解地球上的地震及其引發(fā)的其他活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.信息推斷題。結(jié)合上下文“...canhelpdecreasethenumberofdeathsandinjuriesthatmayoccur.”分享這些信息能夠幫助減少可能發(fā)生的死亡和受傷人數(shù)。由此可以推斷，“earthquake-pronearea”指容易發(fā)生地震的地方，選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句可知，地震最具破壞性的影響之一是海嘯。海嘯是巨大的海浪，發(fā)生在海底地震后。由此可知，海嘯是由地震導(dǎo)致的，選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段第五句“Onefactorthataffectstheintensityofanearthquakeisthelocalgeology.”影響地震強(qiáng)度的一個(gè)因素是當(dāng)?shù)氐牡刭|(zhì)條件。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

12.單選題

Howcanyou（）andwatchthecountrygotoruin?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standby

B.standfor

C.standup

D.standupfor

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。standby袖手旁觀，站在旁邊；standfor代表，象征；standup站起來(lái)，堅(jiān)持；standupfor支持，擁護(hù)。句意：你怎么能袖手旁觀，看著這個(gè)國(guó)家走向毀滅呢?選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

13.單選題

Theincreaseinstudentnumbers（）manyproblemsfortheuniversities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forces

B.presses

C.provides

D.poses

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。force強(qiáng)迫，迫使；press逼迫；provide提供；pose造成，形成。句意：學(xué)生人數(shù)的增加給大學(xué)造成了許多問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

14.單選題

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat（

）attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.annoyance

B.offence

C.resentment

D.irritation

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。takeoffenceatsth.,意為“對(duì)某事生氣”。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.單選題

Ourcartrunk（）withsuitcasesandwecouldhardlymakeroomforanything.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wentcramming

B.wascrammed

C.iscramming

D.wasbeencrammed

【答案】B

【解析】becrammedwith為固定搭配，意為“被填滿”。選項(xiàng)B表述正確。

16.單選題

Thoughsometimestoolazytoworkashardashersisters,Lindahasamoreavidfondnessforthelimelight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mercurial

B.gallant

C.ardent

D.frugal

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，avid應(yīng)該與lazy意思相反，所以選項(xiàng)C與之意思最為接近，正確。

17.單選題

Maryfinallydecided（）allthejunkshehadkeptinthegarage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getrid

B.gottenridof

C.gettingridof

D.togetridof

【答案】D

【解析】固定介詞搭配。decidetodosth.決定做某事。所以，選項(xiàng)D正確。

18.單選題

TheroleofAmericanwomen（）significantlyfromthetimethenationwasborn,tothemoderneraofthe1950sand1960s.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.haschanged

B.hasbeenchanged

C.changed

D.hadbeenchanged

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C；role與change之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

19.單選題

I（）youthatthegoodswillbedeliverednextweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insist

B.confirm

C.assure

D.ensure

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析。sb.confirmthat證實(shí)......；assuresb.that...向某人保證......；sb.ensurethat...確保某事會(huì)發(fā)生。選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

20.單選題

Themosturgentthingistofindadumpforthosetoxicindustrialwastes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imminent

B.recyclable

C.smelly

D.poisonous

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。toxic指有毒的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

21.單選題

Peopleinnately（

）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。strivefor意為“爭(zhēng)取,奮斗”；選項(xiàng)B為及物動(dòng)詞；選項(xiàng)C和D通常與介詞to搭配。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

22.單選題

Forthelast20yearsorsothesubjectofglobalwarminghas（）heateddebateamongtheworld’sbrightestminds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spawned

B.injected

C.modeled

D.moved

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去20年左右的時(shí)間里，全球變暖這個(gè)話題在全球最聰明的頭腦中引發(fā)了激烈的辯論。只有選項(xiàng)A有引起的意思，所以正確。

23.單選題

AmItounderstandthathisnewpost（）noresponsibilitywithitatall?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keeps

B.supports

C.carries

D.possesses

【答案】C

【解析】常用搭配。carryresponsibility為常用搭配,意為“承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

24.單選題

Allworkers,regardlessoftheirsexandeducation,arerequiredto（）attheageof60.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resign

B.retire

C.regain

D.retain

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指退休，只有選項(xiàng)B符合要求。

25.單選題

Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeen（）forallmeasurement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.admitted

B.adapted

C.applied

D.adopted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)國(guó)家，所有的計(jì)量都采用公制。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

26.單選題

Afterfailinghismid-termexams,Jeremywas（）facehisparents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tooashamedto

B.tooembarrassingto

C.veryashamedof

D.veryembarrassingto

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，這里是考查too...to...的句型，首先排除選項(xiàng)C和D；beashamedto為做某事感到羞恥；ashamed的主語(yǔ)是人；embarrassing的主語(yǔ)是物。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

27.單選題

Thesecretarydidn’tknowwhohewas,orshe（）himmorepolitely.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.willbetreating

B.wouldhavetreated

C.wastreating

D.wouldhavebeentreated

【答案】B

【解析】句子是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行推測(cè)，所以應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C；根據(jù)句意可知，主語(yǔ)是she，是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，所以為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選項(xiàng)B正確。

28.單選題

（）theheavypollution,thecityofficialshavedecidedtocancelschoolfortheday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Prior

B.Bymeansof

C.Dueto

D.Through

【答案】C

【解析】prior在前的，優(yōu)先的；bymeansof依靠；dueto由于；through從頭到尾，徹底。句意：由于污染嚴(yán)重，市政官員已決定停課一天。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

29.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cereal

B.serial

C.series

D.serious

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。句意:我們正生活在一個(gè)很大的化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)一些嚴(yán)重的后果正變得越來(lái)越明顯。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

30.單選題

Toensureitssustainedprogressineconomy,thegovernmenthas（）aseriesofpolicies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reserved

B.issued

C.delivered

D.expressed

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為確保經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展，政府出臺(tái)了一系列政策。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

31.單選題

Whentheairinacertainspaceissqueezedtooccupyasmallerspace,theairissaidtobe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commenced

B.compressed

C.compromised

D.compensated

【答案】B

【解析】commenced開始；compressed壓縮；compromised妥協(xié)；compensated補(bǔ)償。句意：當(dāng)某一空間的空氣被擠壓以占據(jù)更小的空間時(shí)，我們說(shuō)空氣被壓縮了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

32.單選題

Sincehisinjurywasserious,thedoctorsuggestedthathe（）inthegame.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.didnotplay

B.mustnotplay

C.notplay

D.nottoplay

【答案】C

【解析】suggest表建議時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

33.單選題

Theteamleaderofmountainclimbersmarkedout（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatseemedtobethebestroute

B.whatseemedtobethebestroute

C.whichseemedtobetilebestroute

D.somethingthattobethebestroute

【答案】B

【解析】本句缺少的成分是賓語(yǔ)從句，只有選項(xiàng)B能作為賓語(yǔ)從句。that一般引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句；選項(xiàng)C缺少先行詞；選項(xiàng)D用法不正確，所以本題選B。

34.單選題

Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicssomehowencourages（

）

patriotism.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obsolete

B.aggressive

C.harmonious

D.amiable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“but”可知前后表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該相反，由此可推斷填空處應(yīng)該與“goodwill”意思相反，選項(xiàng)B更符合原文語(yǔ)境。

35.翻譯題

Physicistsallovertheworld,backin1895,wereprettymuchagreeingthatthegreatworkofphysicshadallbeendone.Someofthemmournedpubliclythatnodiscoveriesoftrulymajorimportancewerelikelytobemadeinthefuture.ButthentheydidnotknowthataProfessorRoentgen,workingaloneinamodestlaboratoryinGermany,hadbegunaseriesofexperimentswithacrudeinductioncoil,apear-shapedbulbfromwhichtheairhadbeenremoved,andasheetofpaperpaintedwithcertainmetallicsalts.AndProfessorRoentgendidnotknowthathisworkwasdestinedtorevealaforceofnature—neverbeforesuspected—thatwouldalmostovernightrevolutionizemedicineandtechnology,andbecomeainstrumentfordeeperprobingofthestructureofmatter.

【答案】在1895年，全世界的物理學(xué)家普遍認(rèn)為所有有關(guān)物理的偉大研究都已經(jīng)完成了，他們中的有些人甚至公開宣稱將來(lái)不可能再出現(xiàn)真正有意義的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)了。但是，那時(shí)他們還不知道，在德國(guó)一間小小的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，一位名叫倫琴的教師已經(jīng)開始了對(duì)粗糙的電磁感應(yīng)線圈、一個(gè)被抽走空氣的梨形鱗莖狀物和一張涂抹了某種金屬鹽的紙張進(jìn)行一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)。倫琴教授不知道他的工作注定會(huì)揭示自然的某種力量，而這種力量是人們從未料想到的。它幾乎在一夜間引起了醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的革命，成為一種深入探測(cè)物質(zhì)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的工具。

36.單選題

Thefoodwasdivided（）accordingtotheageandsizeofthechild.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.equally

B.individually

C.sufficiently

D.proportionally

【答案】B

【解析】句意：食物是根據(jù)孩子的年齡和大小單獨(dú)分開的。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

37.單選題

Sometimesthestudentmaybeaskedtowriteabouthis（

）toacertainbookorarticlethathassomebearingonthesubjectbeingstudied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reaction

B.comment

C.impression

D.comprehension

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。reactionto對(duì)......的反應(yīng)，對(duì)......的看法或意見；選項(xiàng)B一般與on搭配；選項(xiàng)C和D一般與of搭配。句意：有時(shí)，學(xué)生可能會(huì)被要求寫他對(duì)某本書或某篇與正在研究的主題有關(guān)的文章的看法。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

38.單選題

InNovember1970YukioMishima,togetherwithsomeofhisfanaticalfollowersfromtheultranationalisticShieldSocietywhichhehadfoundedin1966,brokeintotheheadquartersofJapan’sEasternDefenseForcesarmedwithswordsanddaggers,overpoweredsomeaides,tiedupthecommandinggeneral,anddemandedthatthetroopsbeassembledtohearaspeech.Mishimaaddressedthetroopsfortenminutes,incitingthemtorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernmentimposedbytheUnitedStatesthathad,inhiswords,“turnedJapanspineless”.Receivingonlyridiculeinresponse,hereturnedtothegeneral’sofficeandthere,beforethegeneral’sunbelievingeyes,proceededtokillhimselfinstrictaccordancewiththetraditionalsamurairitualofseppuku.AfterMishimahaddrivenadaggerdeepintohisleftabdomen,oneofhisaidesseveredhisheadwithasword.Theaidelikewisekilledhimselfandwasbeheaded;theotherssurrendered.

In1936therehadbeenasimilarrevoltand,thoughequallyunsuccessful,ithadforeshadowedtherepressiveregimeofGeneralTojothatwastostagetheattackonPearlHarborin1941.ThatearlierrevoltistheonereferredtoinPatriotism,oneofMishima’smostpowerfulstories.Herelifeandfictionbecomejoined.TheactofseppukuwasforMishimaafulfillment,“theultimatedreamofmylife.”Bornofanancientsamuraifamily,helongedtodieahero’sdeathinaccordancewiththeancientsamuraicode;buthisweakbodykepthimfromserviceinthewar,andhehadtocompensatethroughbodybuilding(hebecameexpertatkarateandkendo)and,mostimportant,throughthedisciplineofwriting.Inhisshortlifetimeheturnedouttwentynovels,thirtyplays,manyessays,andmorethaneightystories:healsoproduced,directed,andactedinmovies,andevensangonstage.Hisfirstbookofstories,AForestinFlower,appearedin1943,butitwasConfessionofaMask(1948),dealingwiththemeditationsofayoungmanofhomosexualleaningsinarepressivesociety,thatbroughthimfame.

Mishimahasbeencalled“Japan’sHemingway,”whileothershavecomparedhimto“aesthetic”writerslikeWalterPeterandOscarWilde.

1.Thearticleimpliesthat（）.

2.TheaimoftherebelledbyMishimawas（）.

3.Inthe1970rebel,thespeechmadebyMishima（）.

4.Whatistrueaccordingtothearticle?

5.Mishimabecameawell-knownwriterafterhehad（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mishimarefusedtojointhearmywhenhewasyoung

B.Mishimahasbeenregardedasalunaticwriter

C.Mishimaisapersonwhoishardtodefine

D.criticsallagreethatMishimaisanaestheticwriter

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tocapturethecommandinggeneral

B.tourgethegovernmenttodeclareawaragainstAmerica

C.toincitethesoldierstorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernment

D.toforcetheEmperortogiveupthethrone

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.waswellreceivedbythesoldiers

B.waslaughedatbythesoldiers

C.impressedthecommandinggeneral

D.leftadeepimpressiontothesoldiers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.ThegeneralknewthatMishimahadlongedtodieahero’sdeath.

B.ThegeneralwasgreatlytakenabackbyMishima’ssuicideattempt.

C.SomesoldierssurrenderedafterMishima,sspeech.

D.OneofMishima’saideswaskilledbythesoldiers.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.written“Patriotism,”oneofhismostpowerfulstories

B.writteneightyshortstories

C.published“AForestinFlower”

D.published“ConfessionofaMask”

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講YukioMishima的生平，選項(xiàng)A與原文不符；選項(xiàng)B和D太片面，選項(xiàng)C更準(zhǔn)確，所以本題選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“rebel”定位到第一段“Mishimaaddressedthetroopsfortenminutes,incitingthemtorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernmentimposedbytheUnitedStates...”Mishima向軍隊(duì)發(fā)表了十分鐘的演講，煽動(dòng)他們反抗美國(guó)強(qiáng)加給他們的立憲政府。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段“Receivingonlyridiculeinresponse”可知Mishima發(fā)表演講后只得到嘲笑的回應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TheactofseppukuwasforMishimaafulfillment,‘theultimatedreamofmylife.’”切腹自盡對(duì)Mishima來(lái)說(shuō)是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)的是他“生命中的終極夢(mèng)想”。也就是說(shuō)他渴望像英雄一樣死去，選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)C,D均與原文不符。所以本題選A。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“...butitwasConfessionofaMask(1948),...,thatbroughthimfame.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

39.單選題

Tomdoesn’tthinkthatthe（）situationhereisasgoodashishometown’s.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.economics

B.economic

C.economy

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)；economic經(jīng)濟(jì)上的，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的；economy經(jīng)濟(jì)，節(jié)約；economical經(jīng)濟(jì)的，節(jié)約的。

根據(jù)句意可知，填空處應(yīng)填入形容詞，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C；選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

40.單選題

Censorship,awordthatseemstobe（）quitecontroversyovercertainpeople,maynotbesuchabadidea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arguing

B.attacking

C.causing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知這里指引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

41.單選題

Tousitseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun.

Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChineseintheeleventhcenturyB.C.

WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandauthority.IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices.

InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.AndtheumbrellawasincommonuseinancientGreece.ButitisbelievedthatthefirstpersoninEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainstrainweretheancientRomans.

DuringtheMiddleAges,theuseoftheumbrellapracticallydisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority.By1680,theumbrellaappearedinFranceandlateroninEngland.

Bytheeighteenthcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofEurope.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn’tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors.

1.Thefirstuseofumbrellawasas（）.

2.（）werethepeoplewhofirstusedumbrella.

3.Theumbrellawasusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.protectionagainstrain

B.ashadeagainstthesun

C.asymbolofpower

D.asymbolofhonor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Chinese

B.Romans

C.Greeks

D.Egyptians

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.inEuropeinthe18thcentury

B.inancientEgyptandBabylon

C.intheFarEastinancienttimes

D.duringtheMiddleAges

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Womenenjoyusingumbrellaswithvariedkindsofcolorsnowadays.

B.Theinventoroftheumbrellaisunknown.

C.Onceordinarypeoplehadnorighttouseumbrellas.

D.Umbrellaswerepopularandcheapinancienttimes.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhenWastheUmbrellaInvented?

B.TheHistoryofUmbrella

C.Umbrella—ASymbolofHonor

D.WhoUsedUmbrellaFirst?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun.”可知選項(xiàng)B與原文描述一致。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，最早使用傘的是中國(guó)人，選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices.”可知選項(xiàng)C與原文一致。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)原文第三段可知，在古代遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)只有皇族或高官才能使用傘，由此可以推斷傘并不便宜，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。

5.主旨題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講述傘的歷史。選項(xiàng)B正確。

42.單選題

TheInternethasbeenaroundforanalmostequalamountoftimeasmostformsofmedia,butonlyrecently（）apopularwayofretrievinginformation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasitbecome

B.ithasbecame

C.itbecomes

D.doesitbecome

【答案】A

【解析】語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)only可知這里應(yīng)該用倒裝，首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C；填空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

43.單選題

Financialstatementisafinancialreportorrecord（）usuallyonaquarterlyandannuallybasiswhichprovidesanindividual’s,anorganization’s,orbussiness’sfinancialstates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.completed

B.compiled

C.collated

D.contested

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。complete