初中英語不定代詞講解及習題

初中英語不定代詞講解及習題初中英語不定代詞講解及習題初中英語不定代詞講解及習題V:1.0精細整理，僅供參考初中英語不定代詞講解及習題日期：20xx年X月不定代詞一、不定代詞概述不定代詞定義不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞常見不定代詞some類something,somebody,someoneany類no類every類其他all,each,both,none,one,much,many,(a)few,(a)little,either,neither,other,another充當成分作主語、賓語、表語、定語等二、常見不定代詞的基本用法some和any:都是“一些”的意思，都可與可數名詞復數或不可數名詞連用。some一般用于肯定句中，any一般用于否定句或疑問句中。Eg.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________在表示請求、建議或希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中，應該用some而不用any。Eg.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepaper___________________________________________________________當any表示“任何”或“無論哪一個”的意義時，可以用于肯定句，此時any要重讀。Eg.Youmaycomeatanytimethatisconvenienttoyou.___________________________________________________________表示數量的不定代詞(1)many______,few_______,afew_______,用以代替或修飾可數名詞。(2)much______,little_______,alittle________,用以代替或修飾不可數名詞。(3)_______和_______表示肯定意義，_______和_______表示否定意義。(4)alotof和plentyof等短語既可以修飾可數名詞，又可以修飾不可數名詞。3、表示兩者和三者的不定代詞(1)表示兩者:both,either,neither(2)表示三者:all,any,none,every(3)表示肯定：both,all(4)表示否定：none,neither練一練：用以上不定代詞填空。我的父母都是醫(yī)生。__________________________________街道的兩邊都種了樹。Therearetreeson______sidesofthestreet.=Therearetreeson______sideofthestreet.他有兩個兒子，都不富有。Hehastwosons.______ofthemisrich.他有三個兒子，都不富有。Hehasthreesons.______ofthemisrich.三、復合不定代詞的用法(1)復合不定代詞somebody,something,anything,nothing,everything,everybody等是由some,any,no,every,加上body,thing構成的,叫做復合不定代詞,在句子中當單數使用。(2)somebody,something,someone一般用于肯定句中；anything,anybody,anyone一般用于疑問句和否定句中。(3)如果要在疑問句中表示請求、建議等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答復時，用somebody,someone或something。(4)修飾復合不定代詞的形容詞或不定式應放在它們的后面。Eg.Hehasnothingmuchtodotoday.他今天沒有多少事情做。Lucyhasn’tanythingimportanttodo.露西沒有任何重要時做。四、疑難拓展1、few/afew/little/alittle(1)后接名詞的不同。_______和_______后接可數名詞復數，_______和_______后接不可數名詞。Eg.Thereare_______newwordsinthetext.課文中有一些新單詞。Canyouspeak_______English你能說一點英語嗎(2)表示肯定意義和否定意義的區(qū)別。_______和________表示肯定，______和_______表示否定。Eg.Ihave________friendsthere.Ioftenplaywiththem.Thereis_______meatathome.Let’sbuysome.2、other/others/theother/anotherother表示“另一個”的意思，在句中可作主語、賓語或定語，不獨立使用，通常修飾可數名詞復數。others可獨立使用，無范圍限定。other和others前面加定冠詞the時表示特指，不加the表示泛指。Theother表示兩個中的另一個，常用于句型”one…theother…”，theothers表示全部其余的人或物。Eg.Ihavetwobrothers.____isadoctor;________isateacher.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_______.Fiveofthemareintheclassroom.Whatabout_______another(另外一個，又一個)，只能代替或修飾單數名詞，可用作主語、賓語或定語，不獨立使用。前面不加冠詞。Eg.Don’tloseheart.Haveanothertry.Another后可以跟few或帶數字的復數名詞。Eg.Justthinkwhatourtownwillbelikeinanotherfewyears.You’dbetterstayinbedforanothertwoweeks.部分否定及完全否定Not與不定代詞all,both,every等表示全部意義的詞連用時構成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，則需要換用none,neither,no等。練一練：翻譯下列句子。AllofthestudentsliketheNotallofthestudentslikethenovel.___________________________________Allofthestudentsdon’tliketheNoneofthestudentslikethenovel.___________________________________all,both,each等用作同位語若用作主語同位語，主語可以是名詞或代詞；若用作賓語等其他成分的同位語，則賓語等成分必須是人稱代詞，而不能時名詞。Eg.Weallhavereadit.(all修飾的主語是代詞)Thevillageallhavebeendestroyed.(all修飾的主語是名詞)Theytoldusalltowaithere.(all修飾的賓語是代詞)one和it的區(qū)別使用(1)it指代前面的某物。Eg.WhereismypenIcan’tfindit.(it指代前面提到的那支筆)(2)one可以指人，也可以指物。用來代替上文中提到的單數可數名詞以及避免重復，其復數形式為ones。Eg.Yourpenissonice.Iwanttobuyonelikethis.課堂演練單選。Thetwofishermensaw_______intheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A.somethingstrangeB.anythingstrangeC.strangesomethingD.strangeanything2.---Is____here---No.BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobodyyouwantteaorcoffeereallydon'tmindA.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither4.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisasoldier,_______isaworker.A.otherB.theotherC.othersD.another5.Thereareshopson_____sideoftheofthemdonotclosetill12atnight.A.both;AllB.every;NoneC.either;SomeD.other;Many6.Thereisnot___meatinmybowl.Thereis____chickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;some7.Couldyoudo___forme,pleaseA.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything8.Sorry,Ican'tansweryourquestion.Iknow____aboutthesubject.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew9.---Whichwouldyoulike,acupofteaoraglassofmilk----____,thanks.IthinkI'lljusthaveaglassofwater.A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.Either10.Tomshookhisheadandsaidtoustherewas_____intheclassroom.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody11.CouldIhave_____bottleofapplejuice,pleaseA.anotherB.otherC.somemoreD.second12.Thereare25techersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersand______arementeachers.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.other13.Theywerealltired,but_____ofthemtookarest.A.noneB.allC.both14.---WehaveredandyellowT-shirts.Whichcolourdoyoulike---I’mafraid____.IthinkbluewillbeOK.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.none15.---CanIcomethisafternoonotomorrowmorning---_____isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None二、按要求完成句子。1.BothTomandTimaregoodatsports.（改為否定句）______Tom_____Tim______goodatsports.2.Ican’tspeakmuchEnglish.（同義句轉化）I_____speak_____English.3.Thereissomethingwrongwithhiseyes.（改為一般疑問句）___________________wrongwithhiseyes4.Thisanswerisright.Thatanswerisalsoright（同義句轉化）______thisanswer______thatoneareright.5.Theyhaven’tvisitedthevillage.Shehasn’tvisitedthevillageeither.（連成一句）___________________________________________三、下列句子中各有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。Itisverydifficult,andafewpeopleunderstandit.______________Toomanyworkhastobedone.______________Whynotbuyanybread______________Anyoneknowhowtodoit.______________Thereisnotnothingwrongwiththeradio.______________家庭作業(yè)單選。Theteacheraskedtheboymanyquestions,butheonlyansewered______ofthem.B.lotsC.eachD.few2.---Ineedsomethingforcuttingthepaper.---Oh,youwantaknifeOK,I’llget___foryou.A.itC.thisplacesofinteerestinBei