不定式和動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)

巧記跟不定式和動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞用法接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞記憶口訣一：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)，(wish,hope,want,expect,agree,promise)兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕，(ask,demand.refuse)設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定，(manage,learn,decide,determine)不要假裝在選擇 (pretend,choose)記憶口訣二：打算(intend)計(jì)劃(plan)和期盼(expect/desire)假裝(pretend)喜歡(wouldlike/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish)決定(decide)同意(agree)來(lái)幫助(help)設(shè)法(manage)說(shuō)服(persuade)不拒絕(refuse)好像(seem/appear)答應(yīng)(promise)做努力(attempt)選擇(choose)詢(xún)問(wèn)(ask)多學(xué)習(xí)(learn)告訴(tell)失敗(fail)也付得起(afford)接動(dòng)詞ing做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)記憶口訣一：考慮(consider)完成(finish)多練習(xí)(practise)避免(avoid)冒險(xiǎn)(risk)求建議(suggest/recoomend)面對(duì)(face)喜歡(enjoy/appreciate)和介意(mind)允許(allow)承認(rèn)(admit/permit)或放棄(giveup/abandon)推遲(putoff/delay/postphone)逃避(escape)不原諒(excuse/pardon)提及(mention)堅(jiān)持(keep/insiston)要想象(imagine/fancy)還有詞組feellike和can’tstand!記憶口訣二：Mrsp.blackmissedabeefbag.Mind,risk,regret,suggest,bebusy,lookforwardsto,avoid,can’thelp,keep,miss,imagine,insiston,stop,scceedin,enjoy,delay,allow,beworth,excuse,escape,finish,beusedto,admit,giveup記憶口訣三；megafeps霉咖啡不吃記憶口訣四；makeafitspeech(三)在動(dòng)詞remember,try,regret,forget,need/want/require,stop,mean等后跟動(dòng)名詞V-和不定式意義不同，巧記一句話(記住努力；后悔忘記；需要停止；很有意義)，學(xué)習(xí)采用對(duì)比法：remembertodosomething記著去做某事（現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有做）rememberdoingsomething記著曾做過(guò)某事（以前做過(guò)某事）trytodosomething努力、盡力做某事trydoingsomething試著做某事（看能否達(dá)到預(yù)期的結(jié)果）stoptodosomething開(kāi)始做某事（停下正在做的事，開(kāi)始做另一事）stopdoingsomething停止做某事（停止正在做的事）regrettodosomething對(duì)將來(lái)做的事感到遺憾、惋惜regretdoingsomething對(duì)已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事感到后悔meantodosomething打算，想，意圖…meandoingsomething意味著want/require/needtobedone某事需要做want/require/needdoing某事需要做（這時(shí)動(dòng)名詞和主語(yǔ)之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如：Theroomneedscleaning/needstobecleaned）can’thelptodosth.不能幫助做某事can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事動(dòng)詞接不定式和動(dòng)名詞意思一樣雙方一旦開(kāi)始（begin,start），無(wú)論喜歡與否（like，prefer，hate，dislike）都要繼續(xù)下去（continue），都不能打算忽視開(kāi)始的愛(ài)（intend,attempt,propose,neglect,commence,love）（四）請(qǐng)牢記在下列固定句式中，動(dòng)詞用V-ing式：Thereisnopointarguingfurther.再爭(zhēng)辯下去沒(méi)有意義。Itisnogooddoingthat.那樣做沒(méi)有用。Itisnousetellinghisfatheraboutit.告訴他父親那件事沒(méi)用。［小試牛刀］TheboydecidedinShanghai,whichmadehisfatheralittlesurprised.A.nottoworkB.tonotworkC.notworkingD.workingnot—Wouldyoumindthedoor?—Ofcoursenot.A.IopeningB.metoopenC.formetoopenD.myopeningAsyouknow,here,missingabusmeansforanotherhour.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaitingShegoingoutforawalk,butI’dratherstayathomewatchingTV.A.wantedB.askedC.hopedD.suggestedSorry.Wedon’tallowhere.A.smokingB.havingsmokedC.tosmokeD.tobesmokedInwinter,manyanimalsmanagewithouteatingformanymonths.A.toliveB.tohavelivedC.havinglivedD.livingMyfatherinsistedalthoughwewereverytired.A.walkhomeB.towalkhomeC.onwalkinghomeD.inwalkinghomeAfterhehadworkedseveralhours,hestoppedacupofcoffeetorefreshhimselfA.todrinkB.drinkingC.drinkD.drankAlthoughswimmingishisfavoritesport,yethedoesn'tliketodayA．toswimB．swimmingC．swim D．tohaveswimIregretyouthatthesportsmeethasbeenputoffA.telling B.totellC.tellD.toldShedesiresnotforanhour.A.disturb B.tobedisturbC.tobedisturbedD.tohavedisturbed不定式做賓補(bǔ)記憶口訣；勸教命請(qǐng)叫，允許又警告advise,teach,order,command,ask,tell,allow,permit,warn二、 使役動(dòng)詞與to的省略當(dāng)不定式用于let,make,have等使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不定式必須省略to。如：Letmehaveanothercupoftea.給我再來(lái)一杯茶。Shehadhimdigawaythesnow她讓他把雪挖走。Theymadehimtellthemeverything.他們強(qiáng)迫他把一切全告訴他們。但是，當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后的不定式則必須要帶to。如：他被迫一天工作20小時(shí)。誤：Hewasmadeworktwentyhoursaday.正：Hewasmadetoworktwentyhoursaday.注意，表示使役意義的let和have很少用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。另外注意，force,oblige等雖然也表示“使”，但它們后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式必須帶to。如：Theyforcedhertosignthepaper他們強(qiáng)迫她在文件上簽字。Thelawobligedparentstosendtheirchildrentoschool法律要求父母送子女上學(xué)。二、感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞與to的省略當(dāng)不定式用于表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞feel,hear,notice,observe,see,watch,lookat,listento等作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式必須省略to。如：Weallfeltthehouseshake我們都感覺(jué)這房子在震動(dòng)。Iheardhimgodownthestairs我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他下樓了。Didyounoticeherleavethehouse?她離開(kāi)屋子你注意到了嗎？Iwatchedhergetintothecar我看著她上了車(chē)。但是，當(dāng)feel后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式為tobe時(shí)，則不能省略to。如：Theyallfelttheplantobeunwise.他們都認(rèn)為這個(gè)計(jì)劃不明智。注意，當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式前的to不能省略。如：Theywereheardtobreakaglassinthenextdoor聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他們?cè)诟舯诖蚱屏艘粋€(gè)玻璃杯子。另外，若用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式為完成式，則通常應(yīng)帶to。如：Inoticedhertohavecomeearly我注意到她來(lái)得很早。三、 介詞except/but與to的省略當(dāng)不定式用作介詞except或except的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，該不定式有時(shí)帶to,有時(shí)不帶to,情形比較復(fù)雜，大致原則是：其前有do，不定式不帶to；其前沒(méi)有do,不定式通常帶to。如：HelikesnothingexcepttowatchTV除了看電視外，他什么都不喜歡。Ithadnoeffectexcepttomakehimangry除惹他生氣外，沒(méi)產(chǎn)生任何效果。There'slittlewecandoexceptwait除了等待我們沒(méi)有什么辦法。Icoulddonothingexceptagree.我除了同意，沒(méi)有別的辦法。四、 help與to的省略當(dāng)動(dòng)詞help后跟一個(gè)不定式用作賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式可以不帶to,也可以不帶to。如：Canyouhelp(to)carrythistableupstairs?(爾能幫忙把桌子搬到樓上去嗎？Ihavelostmywatch.Willyouhelpme(to)lookforit?我把表丟了，你能不能幫我找一下?但是，當(dāng)help用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后不定式必須帶to。如：Milliewashelpedtoovercomeherfearofflying米利被幫助克服了她的飛行恐懼。另外，當(dāng)不定式為否定式時(shí)，其中的to通常不宜省略。如：HowcanIhelpmychildrennottoworryabouttheirexams?我怎樣才能幫助我的孩子們不為他們的考試著急呢？記憶口訣;一二三四半，一感，二聽(tīng)，三讓?zhuān)目?，半幫助，五?固定搭配與to的省略1、 Whynot...?=Whydon'tyou...?習(xí)慣上接動(dòng)詞原形，不能接帶to不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞，主要用于表示同意、贊成、勸誘等，其意為“為什么不……呢”。如：Whynotgowithhim?=Whydon'tyougowithhim?為什么不和他一起去呢？2、 hadbetter...，最好做某事，如：Youhadbetterstayhere.你最好呆在這里。3、 “wouldrather+動(dòng)詞原形”意為“寧愿做某事”。如：We’dratherstayathome我們寧愿呆在家里。Iwouldrathernottellhim.我寧愿不告訴他。4、 prefer+不定式+ratherthan+動(dòng)詞原形，其意為“寧愿做某事而不愿做另一事”。如：Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus我寧愿走著去，而不愿坐公共汽車(chē)去。Hepreferstoreadratherthanwatchtelevision他喜歡讀書(shū)而不喜歡看電視。但，prefer+動(dòng)名詞+to+動(dòng)名詞，其意為“寧愿做某事而不愿做另一事”。如：Heprefersswimmingtoridingasasport作為一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，他更喜歡游泳而不是騎馬。注：這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的prefer前有時(shí)也可用would,should等。如：Wewouldpreferplayingoutdoorstowatchingtelevision我們寧愿在外面玩而不愿看電視常見(jiàn)的接ing做賓語(yǔ)，不定式做賓補(bǔ)的詞AFu’scapadvise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit跟動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的練習(xí)題I.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Wehaveplanned(make)aschoolradioprogramme.Doyouknowwhen(start)theparty?Ifinditveryinteresting(talk)withforeigners.She'sthinkingabout(make)aphonecalltoherparents.Whatbadweather!Ihate(go)outoncloudydays.Doyoureallyenjoy(play)theviolineveryday.Myparentsaskedme(do)myhomeworkontime.I’mreallysorry.Iforgot(close)thedoorbeforeIleft.Ididn'twantmyparents(worry)aboutme,butI’mafraid(stay)athomealone.Ihatetohearpeople(talk)loudlyinpublic.Betty,weneed(make)aplan.Pleaseremember(post)theletterfortheoldman.Stop(chat),everyone.OurEnglishteacheriscoming.Hehates(cook)meals.Heenjoys(have)lunchintherestaurant.Itstarted(rain)whenwewerewalkinginthestreetlastSunday.II.選擇。“HaveyoufinishedyourcompositionT“Notyet.”A.writeB.writesC.waswritingD.writingRememberthelettertome..A.sendingB.sendsC.tosendD.sendEnglishisimportanttous.Weshouldtryithard.A.studyB.studiesC.studiesD.tostudyThankyoufortomyspeech.A.listenB.listensC.listeningD.listened.Canyouhelpmethebagtomyfather.A.giveB.togiveC.givingD.AandB.Keephard,andIthinkyou'llsucceedsomeday.A.tostudyB.studyingC.studies D.studysYoulooktired.Yoildbetterstoparest.A.haveB.hasC.havingD.