新世紀大學英語1-Unit 7課文詳解課件

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunicationWehavetwoearsandonemouthsothatwecanlistentwiceasmuchaswespeak.EpictetusAGreekStoic（禁欲主義）philosopherQuestionforU:DoyouagreewithEpictetus?Stateyourreasons.

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunicationDoyouthinkthatinterpersonalskillsareveryimportantatschoolandatwork?Pleaseshareusyouropinions.Interpersonalskillsshouldbeconsideredveryimportantbothatschoolandatwork.Goodinterpersonalskills

enhancerelationshipswithfellowstudentsorcolleaguesandhelpbuildapleasantenvironmentforalltoworkin.Conversely,

poorinterpersonalskillscanoftenleadto

coldnessandevenhostilitybetweenoneanotherandmayleadtoinefficiencyinstudyoratwork.

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunicationUnit7RelationshipsandCommunicationKangMinTextAHowWellCanWeListen?TextBWhatWeCanDotoImproveHumanRelationships

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunicationHowWellCanWeListen?KathleenT.McWhorter1.Itisnotuncommontohearpeoplecomplainingthatnoonelistenstothemandnooneunderstandsthem.Suchcomplaintscomenotonlyfromkidsbutalsofromadults.Howoftenisthisavitalcauseinthefailureofpersonalrelationships?Howoftendoesitcontributetobrokenhomes?Howoftendowehearofamarriedcouplewhofailtohavecommunication,orofchildrenwhofeeldeserted?Itseemssomethingmusthavegonewrong.我們時常聽到人們抱怨說沒有人聆聽他們，沒有人能理解他們。這樣的抱怨不僅出自孩童之口，也出自成人之口。人際關系不和諧，這不往往是個重要原因嗎？家庭破裂，不也往往拜其所賜嗎？我們不也還常常聽說夫妻之間無法交流，孩子感覺被遺棄嗎？看來這其中一定出了什么問題。

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication2.Expertstendtoresorttotheterm“generationgap”toexplaintheconflictsbetweenparentsandchildren.Canthistermbeappliedtothecasesmentionedabove?Thoughtheremightberoomforhesitationintheadoptionofitwhen“generation”istakenintoaccount,itisfarfromwrongtoborrowtherestinmakingananalysis.Thereareboundtobedifferences,orgaps,intheopinionsoftwopeoplethatgiverisetoconflicts,andwaystoreducethemarebynomeanseasytobesought,butitisequallytruetosaythatthereisboundtobeasolutiontoeveryproblem.Partofthesolutiontohumanconflictsistoavoidmisunderstanding.每當父母和孩子之間發(fā)生沖突的時候，專家們往往會用“代溝”這一術語來解釋。那么這個術語能否用于上面提到的情況呢？當然，如果細究“代”的本義，那么這算不上特別貼切，但是大可借用該術語的其他涵義來分析問題。兩個人的觀點之所以會引起紛爭，肯定因為存在分歧，而要設法減少分歧又談何容易！但是我們也同樣可以說，每個問題肯定都會有辦法解決。人際沖突的部分解決辦法是避免誤解。

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication

3.Misunderstandingoftenarisesfromalackofcommunication.Curiouslyenough,inamodernsocietywherenotafewadvancedtechnologicalmeansofcommunicationsuchasthemobilephoneandpagerhavebeendeveloped,peoplearestillconfrontedwiththisproblem.Investigationsshowthattechnologicalinventionsdohelpfacilitatehumancommunication.Theyalsoshowthatwhiletherearemoreopportunitiesforpersonalcontact,especiallythroughverbalcommunication,manypeoplestillfindtheirlistenersdonotlistentothem.Clearly,somethingiswrongwiththeirlisteningability.誤解常常源于缺乏交流。令人納悶的是，在現(xiàn)代社會，雖然發(fā)明了不少先進的通訊工具，如移動電話和傳呼機，但是人們仍然面臨這樣的問題。研究表明，科技發(fā)明確實有助于人與人之間的交流。研究也同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然人與人之間接觸的機會增加了，特別是言語交流的機會增加了，許多人仍然發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有人真正聆聽他們說話。很顯然，人們的聆聽能力出了問題。

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication4.Peoplemaywonderwhytheirlisteningabilityisundesirablewhentheirhearingabilityisphysicallysound.Thisisabasicmistakeweoftenmake.Veryoftenhearingisconfusedwithlistening,astheyaresocloselyrelated.Believingthathearingisaphysiologicalfunction,whichcomestousnaturally,wetakeitforgrantedthatlisteningdoesnotrequiremucheffort.Expertsinthefieldofcommunicationsarequicktoattackthisbelief.Intheirview,listeningrequireshardworkandenergy.Whenpeoplearelistening,theyhavequickerheartbeatsandfasterbloodcirculation.Goodlistening,theythink,isnotassimpleasitmightseem.人們也許會問，為什么聽覺沒有問題而他們的聆聽能力卻不如人意呢？這就是我們常犯的錯誤：因為聽覺能力和聆聽能力的關系如此緊密，我們經(jīng)常把兩者混淆。我們會認為聽覺能力是一種生理功能，是與生俱來的，所以我們想當然地以為聆聽不需要付出特別的努力。對于這種觀點，交流領域的專家會毫不猶豫地加于指正。在他們看來，聆聽既費神又費力。人們聆聽時心跳加速，血液循環(huán)也會加快。專家認為，認真的聆聽并不是我們想象的那么簡單。

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication5.要成為好的聆聽者首先需要集中注意力。這表面上看起來很簡單。在很多情況下，我們聽別人說話時，周圍都有外界的和心理的干擾，電話鈴聲、關門聲、其他人的聲音是一些我們常見的外界干擾。但是心理的干擾更難克服。這里面的原因很多，說話人可能無法跟上聽話人思想的速度。常人的思考速度要比說話的平均速度快得多。當聽話人有很多自由時間支配的時候，他們就可能會太專注自己的思緒而很快就不知道說話人說到什么地方了。這就是問題的所在：聽得太快！

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication7.Otherpsychologicalfactorsalsocomeintoplay.Aperson’sfeelingtowardsthespeakercanaffecthislisteningability.Ifhehasapoor

impression

ofthespeaker,becauseofhisappearanceorwhatever,itisquitenaturalthathewouldnottuneintothewordsofthespeaker.其他心理因素也同樣會起作用。一個人對說話人的印象也會影響他的理解能力，如果聽者對說話人的印象不好，比如由于說話人的相貌或某些原因，那他自然就不會去認真聆聽說話人說的內容。

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunicationTheriseoftheissue(people’scomplaints)Furtherreason:lackofgoodlisteningBenefitsofgoodlisteningHowtobeagoodlistenerConclusion↓↓↓↓Thereasons:differencesinopinion;misunderstanding↓1.人際關系personalrelationships2.促成contributeto3.感覺受冷落feeldeserted4.往往tendto5.借助resortto6.考慮在內takeintoaccount7.一定會beboundto8.引起giveriseto9.避免誤解avoidmisunderstanding10.缺乏交流lackofcommunication13.生理功能physiologicalfunction14.血液流通bloodcirculation15.跟上keeppacewith16.任某人處置atone’sdisposal17.心理因素psychologicalfactors18.起作用comeintoplay19.忘乎所以becarriedaway20.牢記bear…inmind11.面臨beconfrontedwith12.言語交流verbalcommunication

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication2.vital:adj.

extremelyimportantandnecessaryforsomethingtosucceedorexistRegularexerciseisvitalforyourhealth.旅游業(yè)對于國民經(jīng)濟來說是至關重要的。Thetouristindustryisofvitalimportancetothenationaleconomy.NB:vitality

n.生命力，活力

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunicationWordsSplain:1.vi.expressfeelingsofpain,dissatisfaction,orresentment2.vt.expressdissatisfactionorresentmentManypatientscomplainofheadachesanddifficultyinsleepingwhentheytakethisdrug.員工們抱怨工資過低而且福利差。Theemployeescomplainedthatthewagesweretoolowandthebenefitswereinadequate.NB:complain→complaintn.

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication3.contribute:1.vi.(usuallyfollowedbyto)helpincausingasituation,event,orconditionAnincreaseinthepriceofdrugshascontributedtotherisingcostofmedicalcare.2.vt.givemoney,help,ideas,etc.tosomething1.vi.(usuallyfollowedbyto)helpincausingasituation,event,orconditionAnincreaseinthepriceofdrugshascontributedtotherisingcostofmedicalcare.1.vi.(usuallyfollowedbyto)helpincausingasituation,event,orcondition2.vt.givemoney,help,ideas,etc.tosomethingAnincreaseinthepriceofdrugshascontributedtotherisingcostofmedicalcare.1.vi.(usuallyfollowedbyto)helpincausingasituation,event,orconditionThevolunteerscontributetheirowntimetotheproject.2.vt.givemoney,help,ideas,etc.tosomethingAnincreaseinthepriceofdrugshascontributedtotherisingcostofmedicalcare.1.vi.(usuallyfollowedbyto)helpincausingasituation,event,orcondition

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication5.resort:1.vi.(usuallyfollowedbyto)makeuseof;turnto(oftensomethingbad)forhelpManyhomelessteenagersresorttostealingwhentheirmoneyrunsout.2.n.aplacefrequentedbypeopleforrelaxationorrecreationahealthresortapleasureresortasummerresortatouristresort療養(yǎng)地游樂勝地避暑地旅游勝地3.n.theactofturningtosomethingforaidorrelief;recourse反復實踐是取得真知的方法。Repeatedpracticeistheresortofgaininggenuineknowledge.8.analysis:n.

(pl.analyses)examinationofsomethingtogetherwiththoughtsandjudgmentsaboutitUnit7RelationshipsandCommunication7.takeintoaccount:(alsotakeaccountof/takeintoconsideration)considerorincludeparticularfactsordetailswhenmakingadecisionorjudgmentaboutsomethingThesefiguresdonottakeintoaccountthechangesintherateofinflation.NB:analyzevt.

analysisn.

analyticadj.

analystn.分析分析分析的分析家

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication9.bound:1.adj.verylikely;certain建立在金錢基礎上的婚姻肯定要破裂的。Tlingtowardsaparticularplaceorinaparticulardirection這列火車是開往上海的。ThistrainisboundforShanghai.beboundfor(aplace)beboundtodosth.Collocation（搭配）:前往某地必定,一定

Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication11.confront:vt.

comefacetofacewith,especiallywithdefianceorhostilitySheconfrontedthevitalquestionofbeingbankrupt.

她面臨要破產(chǎn)的重大問題。12.facilitate:vt.

makeeasyoreasier;help新建的地鐵將便于人們去城市各處。Thenewundergroundrailwaywillfacilitatethejourneytoallpartsofthecity.Dividingstudentsintosmallgroupsusuallyhelpsfacilitatediscussion.14.keeppacewith:move,increase,change,etc.atthesamespeedassb./sth.Unit7RelationshipsandCommunication13.distraction:n.

somethingorsomeonethatdistracts,esp.anamusement宿舍里使人分心的事物太多，使我難以集中精力學習。Therearetoomanydistractionsinthedormformetoconcentrateonmystudy.工資的