考研考博-英語-新疆藝術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆藝術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheet.

科學(xué)這個(gè)詞似乎具有某種魅力。它一旦被提出，就應(yīng)該立即得到認(rèn)可，而不允許有任何可能的討論。這種需要人們立即認(rèn)可的情況出現(xiàn)在廣告中，但是基本上不合情理。要知道，科學(xué)不是一種信條，也不是神靈向人類揭示物。它是人類思維的產(chǎn)物，因此是可以討論和修正的。科學(xué)絕無絕對真理，通常只有相對性。它以人的觀察和經(jīng)騎為基礎(chǔ)，對人類知識進(jìn)行邏輯性的總結(jié)，然而人的觀察和經(jīng)騎總是有限的而且缺少一定的精確性。至于那些用來對經(jīng)驗(yàn)事實(shí)進(jìn)行歸類的邏輯則完全是我們大腦的產(chǎn)物。我們選擇我們認(rèn)為有著邏輯聯(lián)系的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，而忽略許多不符合我們自己“邏輯”的事實(shí)。這種相當(dāng)人為的選擇結(jié)果是我們自己的事。對此，我們非常得意，以至于主張這些人為選擇的結(jié)果應(yīng)該被當(dāng)作“自然規(guī)律”來對待。

【答案】Theword-science-seemstocontainsomemagicpower.Ifputforward,itshouldbringaboutimmediateconsent,withnopossiblediscussion.Thissituationisexploitedforadvertisement,butitisbasicallyunsounD.ScienceisnotacreeD.Itwasnotrevealedtomanbysomesuperiordeity.Scienceisaproductofthehumanbrain,andassuch,itisalwaysopentodiscussionandpossiblerevision.Thereisnoabsolutetruthinit:ratherrelativityisitsrule.Itrepresentsalogicalsummaryofhumanknowledge,basedonhumanobservationandexperience,bothofwhicharealwaysoflimitedrangeandfiniteaccuracy.Asforthelogicintroducedintotheclassificationofempiricalfacts,itistypicallyaproductofourbrain.Weselectexperimentalresultsthatappeartousaslogicallyconnecttogether,andweignoremanyfactsthatdonotfitintoour-logiC.Thisratherartificialprocedureisourowninventionandwearesoproudofitthatweinsistitsresultsshouldbeconsideredas-lawsofnature.

2.單選題

Somecultureshavecustomsthat（）theclothingfashionsofpeopleincertainsocialclasses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modify

B.alter

C.regulate

D.revise

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。modify"修改,更改;修飾";alter"改變,更改";regulate"控制,管理,調(diào)節(jié)";revise"修訂,修改"。modify是指略微的修改,alter范圍較廣,指任何的改變,revise通常指修訂課本,制度的管理和規(guī)定經(jīng)常用regulate。句意：某些文化有一些習(xí)俗,這些習(xí)俗規(guī)定了某些社會階層中人們的穿衣時(shí)尚。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.單選題

The（

）preventsthepeopleinthetwoneighboringnationsfromlivinginpeace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brevity

B.amenity

C.enmity

D.fidelity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。brevity“簡潔”；amenity“舒適，愉悅”；enmity“敵意，憎恨”；fidelity“忠誠”。題干中提到有一種東西會阻止兩鄰國友好相處，這種東西很明顯是enmity，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.問答題

Directions:Afteryouhavereadthefollowingpassage,writeoutasummaryinEnglishwhitabout70to90words.PutyoursummaryontheANSWERSHEET.

WhatisSociety?Societyisagroupofhumanbeings,heldtogetherbyagreementforreasonsthataremutuallybeneficialtotheindividualmembers.Societiesoperateasawhole,asacollectivebody,chieflyinwaysthatlookoutforthehighestcommongoodofall.Membershavespecificrolesandresponsibilitieswithinthesociety.Oneofthebestdirectanalogiesiswiththehumanbodyitself.Thecellsareallalive,independently,yettheygrouptogetherandestablishroles,responsibilities,andrelationshipsthatallowagreaterwholetoexistthatismorethanjustthesumoftheparts.Thecellsgainfromthespecificrolestheyplaybecausetheyareallowedtobewhattheyaremoreeffectively.Further,theyaregivenalimitedawarenessofthewholethattheireffortsaidincreating.

Similarly,whenindividualhumanbeingsgrouptogethertoformsocieties,anorganizationiscreatedinwhichthemembersarethecells.Subgroupsofthemembersmayformorgansthroughwhichhigherlevelfunctionscanthenmanifest.Iftherelationshipsareloose,thebodycreatedhaslimitedfunctionalityoverthatofanyindividualmemberbecausethereislittlesynergy.Whentherelationshipsarecloseandfoundedonabasisoflove,thebodythuscreatedhassignificantfunctionalityoverthatoftheindividuals.Whenthegroupissmall,feworganscanbecreatedsothereislimitedcomplexityorfunctionality.Whenthegroupislarge,manyorganscanbecreated,resultinginhighlyincreasedcomplexityandfunctionality.Countries,regions,statescities,andneighborhoodscouldallbeconsideredtobesocietiesascouldteams,groups,andanyotherorganizationsofpeople.Forourpurposeshere,themostimportantsocietyisTheUnitedStatesofAmericasinceitistheoneestablishedtosetuptheNewOrderfortheAges,novusordoseclorum.

Societyismorethanthegovernment,however.Italsoincludesalltheeconomicandsocialinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidepeoplewithwhattheyneed.

【答案】參考范文：Societyisagroupofhumanbeings,heldtogetherbyagreementforreasonsthataremutuallybeneficialtotheindividualmembers.Societiesoperateasawhole,chieflyinwaysthatlookoutforthehighestcommongoodofall.Membershavespecificrolesandresponsibilitieswithinthesociety.Societyismorethanthegovernment,however.Italsoincludestheentireeconomicandsocialinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidepeoplewithwhattheyneed.

5.單選題

Nutritionalstatusaffectschildren’sbehavior.Well-nourishedchildrenaremorealertandattentiveandarebetterabletobenefitfromphysicalandlearningexperience.Poorlynourishedchildrenmaybequietandwithdrawn,ortooactiveduringclassactivities.Fatchildrenalsofacemanyproblems.Theyareoftenslowandlessabletoparticipateinphysicalactivity.Theymaysufferfrombeinglaughedatandemotionalstressbybeingexcludedfromplaymates.

Children’sresistancetoinfectionandillnessisalsodefinitelyinfluencedbytheirnutritionalstatus.Childrenwhoarewellnourishedarelesslikelytobecomeill;theyalsorecovermorequicklywhentheyaresick.Poorlynourishedchildrenaremoresensitivetoinfectionsandillness.Illnessalsoincreasestheneedforsomenutrients.Thuspoornutritioncreatesacycleofillness,poorernutritionalstatus,andloweredresistancetoillness.

Malnutritionisaseriousproblemformanyyoungchildrenbutitisnotalwaysassociatedwithpovertyorapoorenvironment.Childrenofmiddleandupperincomefamiliesmayalsobemalnourishedbecauseofunwisefoodselections.Malnutritionoccurswhenthereisprolongedimbalanceofthenutrientsthatarerequiredandthenutrientsthatareactuallyeaten.Malnutritionmaybetheresultofundernutritionorover-nutrition.

Itisimportantthatbothoftheseconditionsbeavoidedinyoungchild.Anadequateintakeofallrequirednutrientsismostvitalduringearlyperiodsofgrowthanddevelopment.Also,theeffectsofnutritionaldeficiencyonphysicaldevelopmentduringearlychildhoodarelesslikelytobechangedbyimproveddietaryintakelater.

1.Well-nourishedchildrentendtodoallthefollowingbut______.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

3.Malnutritionmaybecausedby______.

4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.

5.Theword“withdrawn”inLine3ofPara1means______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beattentivewhilelearning

B.betooactiveinclass

C.benefitfromphysicalactivity

D.behaveveryproperly

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Children’sresistancetoillnessisdirectlyproportionaltotheirpoornutritionalstatus.

B.Thewell-nourishedtendtorecoverquicklywhentheyareill.

C.Thepoorly-nourishedaremostlikelytobethevictimsofanyinfectiousdisease.

D.Thecycleindicatesthatillnesscanturnthepoornutritionalconditionfortheworse.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.adeprivedenvironment

B.unwisefoodselections

C.undernutrition

D.alloftheabove

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.overnutritionisevenharmfulthanundernutrition

B.malnutritionhasseriouseffectsonchild’sphysicaldevelopment

C.thenutritionalconditionofayoungchilddeservesmoreconcernthanthatofanadult

D.thenutrientsintakecanbeimprovedasthechildgrowsup

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.reserve

C.selfish

D.stubborn

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Well-nourished”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Well-nourishedchildrenaremorealertandattentiveandarebetterabletobenefitfromphysicalandlearningexperience.（營養(yǎng)良好的兒童更警覺、更專心，更能從體育活動(dòng)和學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)中受益。），所以A選項(xiàng)“在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)專心致志”，C選項(xiàng)“從體育活動(dòng)中受益”，D選項(xiàng)“行為端正”均符合營養(yǎng)良好兒童的特點(diǎn)，排除A，C，D。B選項(xiàng)“在課堂上過于活躍”，由第一段第三句Poorlynourishedchildrenmaybequietandwithdrawn,ortooactiveduringclassactivities.（營養(yǎng)不良的孩子可能會安靜、孤僻，或者在課堂活動(dòng)中過于活躍。）可知，這是營養(yǎng)不良孩子的特點(diǎn)，因此本題選B。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由A選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“resistancetoillness”可以定位到文章第二段第五句Thuspoornutritioncreatesacycleofillness,poorernutritionalstatus,andloweredresistancetoillness.（因此，營養(yǎng)不良造成了疾病的循環(huán)，營養(yǎng)狀況越差，抗病能力越低。），說明營養(yǎng)狀況越差的兒童，對疾病的抵抗力也越低。因此A選項(xiàng)“兒童對疾病的抵抗力與其不良的營養(yǎng)狀況成正比”與原文的表述不符，本題選A。B選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)好的人生病后往往恢復(fù)得很快”，C選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)不良的人最容易成為傳染病的受害者”，D選項(xiàng)“循環(huán)表明，疾病會使?fàn)I養(yǎng)不良的狀況惡化”均與原文的意思相符，所以排除B，C，D。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第三段Malnutritionisaseriousproblemformanyyoungchildrenbutitisnotalwaysassociatedwithpovertyorapoorenvironment.Childrenofmiddleandupperincomefamiliesmayalsobemalnourishedbecauseofunwisefoodselections…Malnutritionmaybetheresultofundernutritionorover-nutrition.（營養(yǎng)不良對許多兒童來說是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題，但它并不總是與貧窮或惡劣的環(huán)境有關(guān)。中高收入家庭的孩子也可能因?yàn)椴幻髦堑氖澄镞x擇而營養(yǎng)不良……營養(yǎng)不良可能是營養(yǎng)不足或營養(yǎng)過剩的結(jié)果。），說明營養(yǎng)不良的原因有惡劣的環(huán)境、不明智的食物選擇、營養(yǎng)不足、營養(yǎng)過剩。A選項(xiàng)“惡劣的環(huán)境”，B選項(xiàng)“不明智的食物選擇”，C選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)不足”都是導(dǎo)致營養(yǎng)不良的原因之一，所以D選項(xiàng)“以上都是”正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章介紹了兒童營養(yǎng)不良造成的危害和導(dǎo)致兒童營養(yǎng)不良的原因，但是C選項(xiàng)所說“兒童的營養(yǎng)狀況比成人的營養(yǎng)狀況更值得關(guān)注”無法從本文得出，本文并未對比兩種狀況哪一種更值得關(guān)注，C選項(xiàng)首先可排除。A選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)過剩比營養(yǎng)不足更有害”，由原文第三段最后一句“Malnutritionmaybetheresultofundernutritionorover-nutrition”可知，營養(yǎng)過剩和營養(yǎng)不足都是造成營養(yǎng)不良的原因，它們同樣有嚴(yán)重的危害，所以A錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“隨著孩子的成長，營養(yǎng)素的攝入量可以得到改善”，由原文可知，早期兒童營養(yǎng)缺乏對身體發(fā)育的影響不太可能因以后改善飲食攝入而改變，所以D錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)不良對兒童的身體發(fā)育有嚴(yán)重影響”，由原文最后一段可知，Anadequateintakeofallrequirednutrientsismostvitalduringearlyperiodsofgrowthanddevelopment“在生長和發(fā)育的早期階段，充分?jǐn)z取所有必需營養(yǎng)素是最重要的”，也就是要保證發(fā)育期的營養(yǎng)攝入，可反推出“營養(yǎng)不良對兒童的身體發(fā)育有嚴(yán)重影響”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】詞義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“withdrawn”可以定位到文章第一段第三句Poorlynourishedchildrenmaybequietandwithdrawn,ortooactiveduringclassactivities.（營養(yǎng)不良的孩子可能會安靜、孤僻，或者在課堂活動(dòng)中過于活躍。），說明“withdrawn”在文中是形容兒童的性格，意思應(yīng)該是和“安靜”對應(yīng)的“孤僻的、沉默寡言的”。因此A選項(xiàng)isolated“孤獨(dú)的”正確。B選項(xiàng)reserve“儲備”，C選項(xiàng)“自私的”，D選項(xiàng)“頑固的”均不符合題意，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

6.單選題

Whenweworryaboutwhomightbespyingonourprivatelives,weusuallythinkabouttheFederalagents.Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.It’sLindaTripp,nottheFBI,whoisfacingchargesunderMaryland’slawsagainstsecrettelephonetaping.It’sourbanks,nottheInternalRevenueService(IRS),thatpassourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.

ConsumeractivistsarepressingCongressforbetterprivacylawswithoutmuchresultsofar.Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.

Asanexampleofwhat’sgoingon,considerU.S.Bancorp,whichwasrecentlysuedfordeceptivepracticesbythestateofMinnesota.Accordingtothelawsuit,thebanksuppliedatelemarketercalledMemberWorkswithsensitivecustomerdatasuchasnames，phonenumbers,bank-accountandcredit-cardnumbers,SocialSecuritynumbers,accountbalancesandcreditlimits.

Withthesecustomerlistsinhand,MemberWorksstarteddialingfordollars-sellingdentalplans,videogames,computersoftwareandotherproductsandservices.Customerswhoaccepteda“freetrialoffer”had30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomaticallythroughtheirbankorcredit-cardaccounts.U.S.Bancorpcollectedashareoftherevenues.

Customersweredoublydeceived,thelawsuitclaims.Theydidn’tknowthatthebankwasgivingaccountnumberstoMemberWorks.Andifcustomersasked,theywereledtothinktheanswerwasno.

ThestatesuedMemberWorksseparatelyfordeceptiveselling.Thecompanydeniesthatitdidanythingwrong.Foritspart,U.S.Bancorpsettledwithoutadmittinganymistakes.Butitagreedtostopexposingitscustomerstononfinancialproductssoldbyoutsidefirms.Afewtopbanksdecidedtodothesame.ManyotherbankswillstilldobusinesswithMemberWorksandsimilarfirms.

Andbankswillstillbeminingdatafromyouraccountinordertosellyoufinancialproducts,includingthingsoflittlevalue,suchascreditinsuranceandcredit-cardprotectionplans.

Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.Forexample,nofederallawshields“transactionandexperience”information—mainlythedetailsofyourbankandcredit-cardaccounts.SocialSecuritynumbersareforsalebyprivatefirms.They’vegenerallyagreednottoselltothepublic.Buttobusinesses,thenumbersareanopenbook.Self-regulationdoesn’twork.Afirmmightpublishaprivacy-protectionpolicy,butwhoenforcesit?

TakeU.S.Bancorpagain.Customersweretold,inwriting,that“allpersonalinformationyousupplytouswillbeconsideredconfidential”.ThenitsoldyourdatatoMemberWorks.Thebankevenclaimsthatitdoesn’t“sell”yourdataatall.Itmerely“shares”itandreapsaprofit.Nowyouknow.

1.Contrarytopopularbelief,theauthorfindsthatspyingonpeople’sprivacy（）.

2.Weknowfromthepassagethat（）.

3.Whenthe“freetrial”deadlineisover,you’llbechargedwithoutnoticeforaproductorserviceif（）.

4.Businessesdonotregardinformationconcerningpersonalbankaccountsasprivatebecause_（）_.

5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ispracticedexclusivelybytheFBI

B.ismoreprevalentinbusinesscircles

C.hasbeenintensifiedwiththehelpoftheIRS

D.ismainlycarriedoutbymeansofsecrettaping

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thestateofMinnesotaisconsideringdrawinguplawstoprotectprivateinformation

B.moststatesareturningablindeyetothedeceptivepracticesofprivatebusinesses

C.legislatorsareactingtopassalawtoprovidebetterprivacyprotection

D.lawmakersareinclinedtogiveafreehandtobusinessestoinquireintocustomers’buyinghabits

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.youhappentorevealyourcreditcardnumber

B.youfailtocancelitwithinthespecifiedperiod

C.youfailtoapplyforextensionofthedeadline

D.youfindtheproductorserviceunsatisfactory

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itisconsidered“transactionandexperience”informationunprotectedbylaw

B.ithasalwaysbeenconsideredanopensecretbythegeneralpublic

C.itssalecanbebroughtundercontrolthroughself-regulation

D.itsrevelationwilldonoharmtoconsumersunderthecurrentprotectionpolicy

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.bankswillhavetochangetheirwaysofdoingbusiness

B.“freetrial”practicewilleventuallybebanned

C.privacyprotectionlawswillsoonbeenforced

D.consumers,privacywillcontinuetobeinvaded

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Buttheprivatesectoroutdoesthegovernmenteverytime.”，私營企業(yè)比政府監(jiān)視得更多，根據(jù)最后一句，“It’sourbanks….passourprivatefinancialdatatotelemarketingfirms.”，說明銀行將我們的私人財(cái)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)給了電話銷售公司。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thelegislatorsleantowardlettingbusinesspeopletrackourfinancialhabitsvirtuallyatwill.”，說明立法者傾向于讓商業(yè)人士隨意跟蹤我們的財(cái)務(wù)習(xí)慣。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…h(huán)ad30daystocancel.Ifthedeadlinepassed,theywerechargedautomatically…”，說明有30天的取消期限，超過期限會自動(dòng)收費(fèi)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第八段，“Youhavealmostnoprotectionfrombusinessesthatuseyourpersonalaccountsforprofit.”，企業(yè)用你的私人賬戶獲利，但是你得不到任何保護(hù)，“nofederallawshields‘transactionandexperience’information”說明私人賬戶被認(rèn)為是不受法律保護(hù)的，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第八段，說明沒有法律對消費(fèi)者的隱私給予保護(hù)，所以消費(fèi)者的利益會繼續(xù)被侵犯。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Theworld’sgovernmentshavedone（）nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.plausibly

B.perceptively

C.operationally

D.intrinsically

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。plausibly“看似的”；perceptively“有洞察力的”；operationally“操作上”；intrinsically“本質(zhì)的，內(nèi)在的”。本句意為“世界各國政府在應(yīng)對核事故威脅方面沒有采取任何行動(dòng)”，各國政府操作著國家的行動(dòng)，C選項(xiàng)符合題意，因此選C。

8.填空題

reconstitute

capable

power

literal

communicate

Theword“television”,derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(visio:sight)roots,can（1）beinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthe（2）ofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireorcable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronically（3）intothatsameimage.

Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicsystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehiclefor（4）,andassuchbecomesa（5）toolforreachingotherhumanbeings.

【答案】1.literally

2.capability

3.reconstituted

/r/munication

5.powerful

【解析】1.句意：可以從字面上理解為來自遠(yuǎn)處的景象。此處應(yīng)用副詞形式，因此填literally。

2.句意：電視能夠?qū)⒁环鶊D像（這幅圖像被聚焦在一部攝像機(jī)內(nèi)的一塊特殊的光導(dǎo)底片上）轉(zhuǎn)換成能經(jīng)過導(dǎo)線或電纜發(fā)送出去的電子脈沖信號。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填capability。

3.句意：可以用電子學(xué)的方法把脈沖信號重新恢復(fù)成同一幅圖像。此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因此填reconstituted。

4.句意：它是表達(dá)的手段和交流的載體。此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，因此填communication。

5.句意：因此成為聯(lián)系他人的有力工具。此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，因此填powerful。

9.單選題

Artthatenduresoftenmakesaninitiallydisturbingimpact:theprofoundexperiencethatsuchartseekstoprovokenecessarilyengendersacertain（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.familiarity

B.ennui

C.upheaval

D.intimacy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。familiarity“熟悉，精通”；ennui“厭倦，無聊，倦怠”；upheaval“劇變，動(dòng)亂”；intimacy“親密，親昵行為”。句意：忍耐的藝術(shù)通常產(chǎn)生原發(fā)性地讓人煩惱的沖擊效果：這種藝術(shù)試圖引起的深刻經(jīng)驗(yàn)必然產(chǎn)生一種錯(cuò)亂。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

ShoppinghabitsintheUnitedStateshavechangedgreatlyinthelastquarterofthe20thcentury.（1）inthe1900smostAmericantownsandcitieshadaMainStreet.MainStreetwasalwaysintheheartofatown.Thisstreetwas（2）onbothsideswithmany（3）businesses.Here,shopperswalkedintostorestolookatallsortsofmerchandise:clothing,furniture,hardware,andgroceries.（4）,someshopsoffer（5）.Theseshopsincludeddrugstores,restaurants,shoerepairstores,andbarberorhairdressingshops.（6）inthe1950s,achangebeganto（7）.ToomanyautomobileshadcrowdedintoMainStreet（8）toofewparkingplaceswere（9）shoppers.Becausethestreetswerecrowded,merchantsbegantolookwithinterestattheopenspaces（10）thecitylimits.Openspaceiswhattheircardrivingcustomersneeded.Andopenspaceiswhattheygot（11）thefirstshoppingcenterwasbuilt.Shoppingcenters,orrathermalls,（12）asacollectionofsmallnewstores（13）crowdedcitycentres.（14）byhundredsoffreeparkingspace,customersweredrawnawayfrom（15）areastooutlyingmalls.Andthegrowing（16）ofshoppingcentresled（17）tothebuildingofbiggerandbetterstockedstores.（18）thelate1970s,manyshoppingmallshadalmostdevelopedintosmallcitiesthemselves.Inadditiontoprovidingthe（19）ofonestopshopping,mallsweretransformedintolandscapedparks,（20）benches,fountains,andoutdoorentertainment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asearlyas

B.Early

C.Earlyas

D.Earlier

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.built

B.designed

C.intended

D.lined

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.varied

B.various

C.sorted

D.mixedup

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Apartfrom

B.However

C.Inaddition

D.Aswell

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.medicalcare

B.food

C.cosmetics

D.services

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Suddenly

B.Abruptly

C.Contrarily

D.But

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.betakingplace

B.takeplace

C.betakenplace

D.havetakenplace

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.while

B.yet

C.though

D.andthen

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.availablefor

B.availableto

C.usedby

D.readyfor

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.from

C.outof

D.outside

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.while

C.since

D.then

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.started

B.founded

C.setup

D.organized

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.outof

B.awayfrom

C.nextto

D.near

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.Attracted

B.Surprised

C.Delighted

D.Enjoyed

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.inner

B.central

C.shopping

D.downtown

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.distinction

B.fame

C.popularity

D.liking

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.inturn

C.byturns

D.further

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.By

B.During

C.In

D.Towards

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.cheapness

B.readiness

C.convenience

D.handiness

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.becauseof

B.and

C.with

D.provided

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:A

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:D

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:C

【解析】1.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Asearlyas“像……一樣早的”；B選項(xiàng)Early“在初期”；C選項(xiàng)Earlyas“像……一樣早”；D選項(xiàng)Earlier“早期的”。原文指的是“在20世紀(jì)初期”，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文語境。

2.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)build“建立，建造”；B選項(xiàng)design“設(shè)計(jì)”；C選項(xiàng)intend“打算，想要”；D選項(xiàng)line“排成一排”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是說很多商店沿著街道排成一排，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

3.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)varied“多變的”；B選項(xiàng)various“各種各樣的”；C選項(xiàng)sorted“分類的”；D選項(xiàng)mixup“混淆，調(diào)和”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是指各種各樣的商店，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.考查邏輯連詞。A選項(xiàng)Apartfrom“除……之外”，后面必須接對象，不能單獨(dú)使用；B選項(xiàng)However“然而”；C選項(xiàng)Inaddition“另外，此外”，可作為插入語使用；D選項(xiàng)Aswell“同樣地，此外”，一般用于句尾。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)medicalcare“醫(yī)療護(hù)理”；B選項(xiàng)food“食物”；C選項(xiàng)cosmetics“裝飾品”；D選項(xiàng)service“服務(wù)”。上文提到，商店提供各類商品，這里應(yīng)該是提供服務(wù)，選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

6.考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)Suddenly“突然地”；B選項(xiàng)Abruptly“唐突地，硬生生地”；C選項(xiàng)Contrarily“相反地”；D選項(xiàng)But“但是”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是指20世紀(jì)50年代發(fā)生了變化，前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

7.考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。begintodosth.意為“開始做某事”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，且takeplace沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.考查邏輯連詞。A選項(xiàng)while“然而”，表對比；B選項(xiàng)yet“但是，然而”，表轉(zhuǎn)折；C選項(xiàng)though“盡管”；D選項(xiàng)andthen“于是，然后”。前面提到了很多汽車，和后面很少的停車位形成了對比，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

9.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)availablefor“可用于……的”；B選項(xiàng)availableto“現(xiàn)有的”；C選項(xiàng)usedby“被……用來”；D選項(xiàng)readyfor“為……做好準(zhǔn)備”。beavailableto意為“可被……利用，可得到的”，這里指的是“可供購物者使用的停車位太少”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

10.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)over“在……之上”；B選項(xiàng)from“來自于”；C選項(xiàng)outof“在……外面”；D選項(xiàng)outside“在……范圍之外”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是指“商人們開始對城市界限范圍外的空地感興趣?！彼赃x項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

11.考查邏輯連詞。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)?shù)谝粋€(gè)購物中心建成的時(shí)候，他們就獲得了空地”，這里是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

12.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)started“開始”；B選項(xiàng)founded“建立”；C選項(xiàng)setup“建立”；D選項(xiàng)organized“組織”。根據(jù)句意“購物中心，或者更確切地說，商場，最初是從一些小型新商店的集合開始（形成）的”，選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

13.考查上下文語義。結(jié)合上文語境可知，既然是城市界限范圍之外的空地，應(yīng)該是遠(yuǎn)離擁擠的城市中心，所以選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

14.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Attract“吸引”；B選項(xiàng)Surprise“使驚奇”；C選項(xiàng)Delight“使高興”；D選項(xiàng)Enjoy“欣賞，享受”。根據(jù)句意可知，顧客應(yīng)該是被免費(fèi)的停車位所吸引，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

15.考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)inner“內(nèi)部的”；B選項(xiàng)central“中心的”；C選項(xiàng)shopping“購物”；D選項(xiàng)downtown“市區(qū)”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指顧客們離開市區(qū)去到偏遠(yuǎn)的商場購物，所以選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

16.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distinction“區(qū)別，榮譽(yù)”；B選項(xiàng)fame“名聲，威望”；C選項(xiàng)popularity“普及，流行，小有名氣”；D選項(xiàng)liking“愛好，喜好”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里是指購物中心越來越受歡迎，甚至小有名氣，所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

17.考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)leadonto“引導(dǎo)到”；B選項(xiàng)inturn“反過來”；C選項(xiàng)byturn“輪流”；D選項(xiàng)further“更遠(yuǎn)地”。根據(jù)句意“購物中心越來越受歡迎，這反過來又導(dǎo)致了更大、更好，庫存充足的商店的建立?！边x項(xiàng)B符合語境。

18.考查語法時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的關(guān)鍵信息“hadalmostdeveloped”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為完成時(shí)，只有選項(xiàng)A符合要求。By+一段時(shí)間表示“到……的時(shí)候”。

19.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)cheapness“廉價(jià)”；B選項(xiàng)readiness“敏捷，迅速”；C選項(xiàng)convenience“便利”；D選項(xiàng)handiness“輕便，靈巧”。根據(jù)原文可知，這里應(yīng)該是提供一站式購物的便利，所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

20.考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)句意“購物中心被改造成景觀公園，配有長椅、噴泉和戶外娛樂設(shè)施。”這里應(yīng)該用with表伴隨，選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.單選題

Youcannotexpectpeopletoworkhardunlessyougivethemsomekindof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fascination

B.incentive

C.provocation

D.temptation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。fascination意為“魅力，著迷”；incentive意為“激勵(lì)，刺激，鼓勵(lì)”；provocation意為“挑釁，挑撥”；temptation意為“誘惑，引誘”。

句意：你不能指望人們努力工作，除非你給他們一些激勵(lì)。

12.單選題

Oursondoesn’tknowwhatto（）attheuniversity:hecan’tmakeuphismindabouthisfuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takein

B.takeover

C.takeafter

D.takeup

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。takein“理解，吸收”；takeover“接管”；takeafter“與……相像”；takeup“占據(jù)，開始，從事”。句意：我們的兒子不知道在大學(xué)里該做什么：他對自己的未來拿不定主意。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

Withtheadventofnewtechnologies,trashrecyclingisbecominganincreasing______optionforwastedisposal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.controversial

B.flexible

C.feasible

D.impractical

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.controversial引起爭論的；有爭議的B.flexible靈活的；可變動(dòng)的

C.feasible可行的；行得通的D.impractical不現(xiàn)實(shí)的；手不靈巧的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞trashrecycling（垃圾回收）和wastedisposal（廢物處理）可知，______option指的是“可行的方法”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】隨著新技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，垃圾回收正成為一種日益可行的廢物處理方法。

14.單選題

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacritical