虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件(經(jīng)典)課件

Subjunctive

MoodWemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陳述語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、愿望等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中)；一是表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念1)IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.2)IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadethemistake.3)IfIhadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.4)Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldnotgoshopping.

1.IfI

had

5000yuan,I

wouldbuyacomputer.（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）2.IfI

were

abird,I

wouldfly

inthesky.3.IfI

hadtaken

youradvice,I

wouldn’thavemade

amistake.4.Ifhe

hadbeen

there,it

wouldn’thavehappened.（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）（與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反）

一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與過(guò)去相反的假設(shè)與將來(lái)相反的假設(shè)If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞be用were)主語(yǔ)+should,would,might,could＋動(dòng)詞原形If+主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)＋should,would,might,could＋havedone1、If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、If+主語(yǔ)+wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3、If+主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)＋should,wouldmight,could＋動(dòng)詞原形小小順口溜虛擬語(yǔ)氣并不難,從句時(shí)態(tài)都提前,主句would加在前，注意動(dòng)詞要還原。（省略if要倒裝）e.g.1）IfIwereinyourshoes,Iwould

accepttheterms.2）Ifwehadleftearlier,wewouldn’thavemissedthetrain.3）IwishIwereascleverasyoua.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.2、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句

通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致的,但有時(shí)也可能指不同的時(shí)間,這時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過(guò)去)。2.

IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過(guò)去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。4.without,butfor，or和otherwise構(gòu)成虛擬。

butfor要不是，or否則（含蓄條件句）

1.）Without

sunlight,there

wouldbe

nolifeonourplanet.

2.）Butfor

yourhelp,I

wouldn’thave

finishedthework.

3.）Iwasillthatday.otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副詞)

4.）Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)2.用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desireetc.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Theyinsistedthattheboy(should)gowiththem.注意：suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時(shí)，insist表示”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.他臉上的表情表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意．那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢．

在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”should可以省略．（2）用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.二.

名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。賓語(yǔ)從句。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order,command

三個(gè)建議：advise,suggest,propose五個(gè)要求：demand,require,request,desire

ask

這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在：在賓語(yǔ)從句中

注意:insist/suggest各有兩意思，要用不同的語(yǔ)氣①表“堅(jiān)決要求”,虛擬,should+do;②表“堅(jiān)稱,堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”,陳述語(yǔ)氣,表事實(shí)。①表“建議”，虛擬,should+do;②表“表明、暗示”，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________moreafterclass.（我們課后多練習(xí)）2.Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________happy3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.（我們大家想盡辦法按時(shí)去那兒）4.Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(沒(méi)有偷錢包).insistsuggest(should)practisewasshouldbedidn’tsteal以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplan

Mydemandisthatshe

toseemeonceaweek.Wearefortheadvicethatthefactory

closeddown.becarriedout.shouldcomeshouldbe三.虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型:1.wish的賓語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在:

過(guò)去時(shí)（were）過(guò)去:

過(guò)去完成時(shí)未來(lái):

would/could/might+V.shouldIwishI

astallasyou.wereIwish/wishedI

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞常用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”。hadn’tIwishit

raintomorrow.wouldHelooksasifhe

drunk.Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.

Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson.Irememberedthewholethingasifityesterday.werehadhappenedhadbeenwere2,Asif/though和wish用法相同3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過(guò)去時(shí)我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。It’stimethatwe.It’stimethatwetobed.(Should不可省略)wenttobedshouldgo4.Ifonly…要是就好了

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!!

IfonlyI

weretosee

himagain!要是我們的父母和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!虛擬語(yǔ)氣Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottake

B.hadn’ttakenC.didn’ttake

D.shouldn’thavetakenExercises虛擬語(yǔ)氣3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone虛擬語(yǔ)氣9.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had10.Idon’tthinkitistherighttimethatyou__.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.mustgo11.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit＿＿＿＿.A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.werebroken

D.hadbeenbroken

1.Ifmyfather______herenow,he_____tellmewhattodo.A.were,wouldBwere,willCis,wouldDwas,will2.IfI________abee,I__________workmuchharder.Awere,wouldBwere,shallChad,willDhave,shouldPracticeTest1.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasi