考研考博-英語(yǔ)-惠州學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-惠州學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theincident（）pressinterest.Reportersfromseveralnewspaperscametointerviewhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.purchased

B.produced

C.provoked

D.processed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這個(gè)事件引起了新聞界的興趣。數(shù)家報(bào)社的記者前來(lái)采訪他。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。Purchase購(gòu)買,贏得;produce生產(chǎn);制造;生長(zhǎng);provoke激怒,煽動(dòng),引起;process加工,處理;審閱,審核。故C符合句意。

2.單選題

Thediscussionhasbeenunexpectedlygoingforthreehours,andI’mafraidtheywill（）itstilllonger.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extend

B.lengthen

C.stretch

D.protract

【答案】D

【解析】extend延伸,擴(kuò)大；lengthen延長(zhǎng),加長(zhǎng)；stretch伸展,延伸；protract（時(shí)間）延長(zhǎng)。句意：討論出乎意料地進(jìn)行了三個(gè)小時(shí),恐怕他們會(huì)把時(shí)間拖得更長(zhǎng)。只有選項(xiàng)D表示時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Persistentbullyingisoneoftheworstexperiencesachildcanface.Howcanitbeprevented?PeterSmith,ProfessorofPsychologyattheUniversityofSheffield,directedtheSheffieldAnti-BullyingInterventionProject,fundedbytheDepartmentforEducation.

Herethereportsonhisfindings.

1.（

）

Bullyingcantakeavarietyofforms,fromtheverbal—beingtauntedorcalledhurtfulnames—tothephysical—beingkickedorshoved—aswellasindirectforms,suchasbeingexcludedfromsocialgroups.AsurveyIconductedwithIreneWhitneyfoundthatinBritishprimaryschoolsuptoaquarterofpupilsreportedexperienceofbullying,whichinaboutoneintencaseswaspersistent.Therewaslessbullyinginsecondaryschools,withaboutoneintwenty-fivesufferingpersistentbullying,butthesecasesmaybeparticularlyrecalcitrant.

2.（

）

Bullyingisclearlyunpleasant,andcanmakethechildexperiencingitfeelunworthyanddepressed.Inextremecasesitcanevenleadtosuicide,thoughthisisthankfullyrare.Victimizedpupilsaremorelikelytoexperiencedifficultieswithinterpersonalrelationshipsasadults,whilechildrenwhopersistentlybullyaremorelikelytogrowuptobephysicallyviolent,andconvictedofanti-socialoffences.

3.（

）

Untilrecently,notmuchwasknownaboutthetopic,andlittlehelpwasavailabletoteacherstodealwithbullying.Perhapsasaconsequence,schoolswouldoftendenytheproblem.“Thereisnobullyingatthisschool”hasbeenacommonrefrain,almostcertainlyuntrue.Fortunatelymoreschoolsarenowsaying:“Thereisnotmuchbullyinghere,butwhenitoccurswehaveaclearpolicyfordealingwithit.”

4.（

）

Threefactorsareinvolvedinthischange.Firstisanawarenessoftheseverityoftheproblem.Second,anumberofresourcestohelptacklebullyinghavebecomeavailableinBritain.Forexample,theScottishCouncilforResearchinEducationproducedapackageofmaterials,ActionAgainstBullying,circulatedtoallschoolsinEnglandandWalesaswellasinScotlandinsummer1992,withasecondpack,SupportingSchoolsAgainstBullying,producedthefollowingyear.InIreland,GuidelinesonCounteringBullyingBehaviourinPost-PrimarySchoolswaspublishedin1993.Third,thereisevidencethatthesematerialswork,andthatschoolscanachievesomething.Thiscomesfromcarefullyconducted“beforeandafter”evaluationsofinterventionsinschools,monitoredbyaresearchteam.InNorway,afteraninterventioncampaignwasintroducednationally,anevaluationofforty-twoschoolssuggestedthat,overatwoyearperiod,bullyingwashalved.TheSheffieldinvestigation,whichinvolvedsixteenprimaryschoolsandsevensecondaryschools,foundthatmostschoolssucceededinreducingbullying.

SectionE

Evidencesuggeststhatakeystepistodevelopapolicyonbullying,sayingclearlywhatismeantbybullying,andgivingexplicitguidelinesonwhatwillbedoneifitoccurs,whatrecordswillbekept,whowillbeinformed,whatsanctionswillbeemployed.Thepolicyshouldbedevelopedthroughconsultation,overaperiodoftime—notjustimposedfromtheheadteacher’soffice!Pupils,parentsandstaffshouldfeeltheyhavebeeninvolvedinthepolicy,whichneedstobedisseminatedandimplementedeffectively.

Otheractionscanbetakentobackupthepolicy.Therearewaysofdealingwiththetopicthroughthecurriculum,usingvideo,dramaandliterature.Theseareusefulforraisingawareness,andcanbestbetiedintoearlyphasesofdevelopment,whiletheschoolisstartingtodiscusstheissueofbullying.Theyarealsousefulinrenewingthepolicyfornewpupils,orrevisingitinthelightofexperience.Butcurriculumworkalonemayonlyhaveshorttermeffects;itshouldbeanadditiontopolicywork,notasubstitute.

Therearealsowaysofworkingwithindividualpupils,orinsmallgroups.Assertivenesstrainingforpupilswhoareliabletobevictimsisworthwhile,andcertainapproachestogroupbullyingsuchas“noblame”,canbeusefulinchangingthebehaviourofbullyingpupilswithoutconfrontingthemdirectly,althoughothersanctionsmaybeneededforthosewhocontinuewithpersistentbullying.

Workintheplaygroundisimportant,too.Onehelpfulstepistotrainlunchtimesupervisorstodistinguishbullyingfromplayfulfighting,andhelpthembreakupconflicts.Anotherpossibilityistoimprovetheplaygroundenvironment,sothatpupilsarelesslikelytobeledintobullyingfromboredomorfrustration.

SectionF

Withthesedevelopments,schoolscanexpectthatatleastthemostseriouskindsofbullyingcanlargelybeprevented.Themoreeffortputinandthewiderthewholeschoolinvolvement,themoresubstantialtheresultsarelikelytobe.Thereductioninbullying—andtheconsequentimprovementinpupilhappiness—issurelyaworthwhileobjective.

ThepassagehassixsectionsA-F.ChoosethecorrectheadingforsectionsA-Dfromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumber,I-VII,inboxes14-17onyouranswerSheet.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theroleofvideoviolence

B.Thefailureofgovernmentpolicy

C.Reasonsfortheincreasedrateofbullying

D.ResearchintohowcommonbullyingisinBritishschools

E.Thereactionfromschoolstoenquiriesaboutbullying

F.Theeffectofbullyingonthechildreninvolved

G.Developmentsthathaveledtoanewapproachbyschools

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:F

第3題:E

第4題:G

【解析】1.根據(jù)SectionA的主要內(nèi)容，可知該段首先介紹了各種類型的欺凌，然后具體分析了英國(guó)小學(xué)的欺凌現(xiàn)象，可判斷出整個(gè)段落的主要內(nèi)容為：對(duì)英國(guó)學(xué)校欺凌現(xiàn)象的調(diào)查。選項(xiàng)Ⅳ符合題意。

2.根據(jù)SectionB第一句“Bullyingisclearlyunpleasant,andcanmakethechildexperiencingitfeelunworthyanddepressed.Inextremecasesitcanevenleadtosuicide…”，欺凌是令人不愉快的，而且會(huì)讓經(jīng)歷欺凌的孩子感到自卑和沮喪。在極端情況下，它甚至?xí)?dǎo)致自殺。下文繼續(xù)提到了受到欺凌的小學(xué)生在成年后更容易遇到交際困難?？膳袛喑霰径沃饕岬狡哿鑼?duì)孩子們帶來(lái)的影響。選項(xiàng)Ⅵ符合題意。

3.根據(jù)SectionC第二句“…schoolswouldoftendenytheproblem.‘Thereisnobullyingatthisschool’hasbeenacommonrefrain,almostcertainlyuntrue.”，可知過(guò)去學(xué)校會(huì)否認(rèn)學(xué)校欺凌這個(gè)問(wèn)題，聲稱學(xué)校沒(méi)有欺凌事件。下文繼續(xù)提到學(xué)校的態(tài)度發(fā)生了改變，“…moreschoolsarenowsaying:‘Thereisnotmuchbullyinghere,butwhenitoccurswehaveaclearpolicyfordealingwithit.’”，許多學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在承認(rèn)欺凌現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)，并且會(huì)有明確的應(yīng)對(duì)措施?？膳袛喑霰径沃饕岬搅藢W(xué)校對(duì)欺凌事件的態(tài)度變化。選項(xiàng)V符合題意。

4.根據(jù)SectionD第一句“Threefactorsareinvolvedinthischange.”，可知本段主要對(duì)學(xué)校態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變的原因進(jìn)行了解釋，此句為中心句?？膳袛喑龃硕蔚闹饕獌?nèi)容為導(dǎo)致學(xué)校采取新的應(yīng)對(duì)方法的原因，選項(xiàng)Ⅶ符合題意。

4.單選題

Iamtoinformyou,thatyoumay,ifyouwish,attendtheinquiry,andattheinspectorsdiscretionstateyourcase（）orthroughanentrustedrepresentative.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indepth

B.insecret

C.inperson

D.inexcess

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)indepth“深入地；全面地”；B選項(xiàng)insecret“秘密地；私下地”；C選項(xiàng)inperson“本人；親自”；D選項(xiàng)turnup“出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開(kāi)大；發(fā)現(xiàn)；卷起；使仰臥”。句意：我要通知你，如果你愿意，你可以參加調(diào)查，并根據(jù)調(diào)查人員的決定親自或委托代表陳述你的情況。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Scientistsspeculatethat（）populationgrowthanddwindlingresourcesmayforcehumanbeingstolooktotheseaforfood.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unavoidable

B.unexpected

C.unrestrained

D.uncommon

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。unavoidable不可避免的；unexpected意外的，意想不到的；unrestrained無(wú)限制的；uncommon不常見(jiàn)的。由后面的結(jié)果“人類將轉(zhuǎn)到海洋去尋求食物”可推知原因是無(wú)限制的人口增長(zhǎng)以及資源的不斷減少。故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)無(wú)限制的人口增長(zhǎng)以及不斷減少的自然資源將迫使人類往海洋尋求食物。

6.單選題

Duringperiodsofsocialstability,manyartacademiesaresofirmlycontrolledbydogmatiststhatallrealcreativeworkmustbedonebythe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elite

B.disenfranchised

C.reactionaries

D.dissatisfied

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞及名詞辨析。elite“精英；精華”；disenfranchised“被剝奪權(quán)利的”，thedisenfranchised“被剝奪權(quán)利的人”；reactionaries“反動(dòng)派”；dissatisfied“不滿意的；不高興的”。句意：在社會(huì)穩(wěn)定時(shí)期，很多藝術(shù)學(xué)院被教條主義者牢牢地控制，以至所有真正有創(chuàng)意的作品必須由那些被剝奪了權(quán)利的人完成。由“controlledbydogmatists被教條主義者控制”及“realcreativework真正有創(chuàng)意的作品”的對(duì)應(yīng)知“真正有創(chuàng)意的作品都是由藝術(shù)學(xué)院里被剝奪了權(quán)利的人來(lái)完成。被教條主義控制意味著被剝奪了權(quán)利。

7.單選題

Themobwas（）bythefieryspeechandthentheymarcheddownthemainstreet,andsetmanyChinesestoresonfire.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wakened

B.aroused

C.inspired

D.agitated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:wake“喚醒”；B:arouse“引起，喚醒”；C:inspire“鼓舞，激發(fā)”；D:agitate“動(dòng)搖，煽動(dòng)，使激動(dòng)”。句意：暴民被激烈的演說(shuō)煽動(dòng)，紛紛走上街頭，把很多中國(guó)的商店點(diǎn)著了。根據(jù)句意和關(guān)鍵詞：暴民、激烈的演說(shuō)可知D為正確答案。

8.單選題

YouandIagreetomeetatfour-thirty,Ishowupat4:33.Idon’tsayanything,becausethat’scloseenoughtosatisfyoursocialcontract.Onlyafterfiveminutesdoyouexpectmetosay,“Sorry,I’mlate.”AttenminutesIoweyouanexplanation,“Thefreewayexitwasclosed.Ihadtogofourmilesoutofmyway.”AftertwentyminutesIhavetomakeafullandseriousapology.AfterfortyminutesI’dbetternotshowupatall.

Thatsortofthing—formallyobservedandneverexplicitlystated—drivespeoplefromotherculturescrazy.Anthropologistslistthetoughestthingstocopewithinaforeignland.Secondonlytolanguageisthewaywedealwithtime.

Nowpsychologistslookatourviewoftimeanotherway.Theygointoseveralcountriesandmeasurethepaceoflife.Theymeasuretheaccuracyofbankclocksandhowfastcitydwellerswalk.Theytimetransactionsinbanksandpostoffices.Theyseehowlongpeoplelaketoanswerquestions.

Japanesekeepthefastestpace.Americansareaclosesecond.ItaliansandIndonesiansareatthebottomofthelist.Italiansgivelonganswerstoyourquestions.Indonesiansdon’tgiveafigaboutstingtheirbankclocks.AmongAmericancities,BostonandKansasCityarefastest.NewYorkisupthere,ofcourse,butwekeepafasterpacehereinHouston.California’s“l(fā)aidback”reputationisdeserved.TheslowestpaceofalliskeptinLosAngeles.

Finally,welookatheartdisease.That’stricky,becauseotherfactorsareinvolved.Ourheart’sgreatestenemyistobacco.Butheartdiseasealsocorrelateswiththepacewekeep.Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyaskingforit.

Nowit’s4:55.I’mstrolling,unhurriedtowardour4:30meeting.I’mthinkingsomethingaboutIsaacWatts,theEnglishpoet,wrote:

Time,whatanemptyvapouritis;

Anddayshowswifttheyare!

SwiftasanIndianarrowflies,

Orlikeashootingstar.

Thattensionsoaksthroughourviewoftime.Canweseetimeasanemptyvapor?Ordoourtechnologiesdefinetimeandbindustoin?Inatechnology-denseworld,wetoooftenlettimeturnintoanIndianarrow—oneaimedatourheart.

Sotheclockticks,andweask:Istimeanarrowwemustdodgeorvaporwecanignore?Ifwe’resmart,welivebytheclockonlywhenwehaveto.Otherwise,wesitbackandplay.Weknowhowtolettinebeonlyvapor,afterall.

1.InAmericayouhavetoapologizesincerelyifyouare________.

2.Weknowfromthepassagethat________.

3.IntheUnitedStates,thepaceoflifeisquiterelaxedin________.

4.Whichsentencecorrectlyrestates“Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyrallyaskingforit”?

5.Whattheauthorwantstotellusisthat________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.5minuteslate

B.20minuteslate

C.40minuteslate

D.10minuteslate

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Indonesiansdonotmeasuretheaccuracyofbankclocks

B.Japanesekeepafairlyfastpace

C.thepaceoflifeinAmericaisthefastest

D.Italianslaketheirtimeindoingthings

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.California

B.Houston

C.LosAngeles

D.NewYork

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Smokersshouldnotdrivecarsbecausetheygetintoaccidentseasily.

B.Smokerswhohaveheartdiseaseshouldnotdrivethemselves.

C.Smokerswhoworktoohardwillsoonfindthemselvesdownwithhearttrouble.

D.Smokerswhodrivetheirowncarsarereallyaskingfortrouble.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewithhearttroubleshouldnotsmoke

B.timeisdangerousinthatitislikeanarrowaimedatourhearts

C.livingbytheclockinourtechnology-denseworldcouldbefatal

D.weshouldavoidhavingeverymomentofourliferuledbytheclock

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段AftertwentyminutesIhavetomakeafullandseriousapology.AfterfortyminutesI’dbetternotshowupatall.（在遲到20分鐘后，我必須真誠(chéng)道歉。在遲到40分鐘后，我最好不露面。），所以B選項(xiàng)“遲到20分鐘”正確。A選項(xiàng)“遲到5分鐘”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段，此處提到在遲到五分鐘后，我應(yīng)該說(shuō)“對(duì)不起，我來(lái)遲了”，與題干不符，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；C選項(xiàng)“遲到40分鐘”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段“遲到40分鐘后，我最好不露面”，與題干意思不符，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；D選項(xiàng)“遲到10分鐘”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段“在遲到10分鐘后，我欠你一個(gè)解釋”，與題干意思不符，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段Japanesekeepthefastestpace.Americansareaclosesecond.ItaliansandIndonesiansareatthebottomofthelist.Italiansgivelonganswerstoyourquestions.Indonesiansdon’tgiveafigaboutsettingtheirbankclocks.（日本人回答問(wèn)題的速度最快。美國(guó)人緊隨其后。意大利人和印尼人排在最后。意大利人對(duì)你的問(wèn)題回答很長(zhǎng)。印尼人對(duì)設(shè)置銀行時(shí)鐘毫不在意。），由日本人回答問(wèn)題的速度可推斷出日本人的生活節(jié)奏很快，所以B選項(xiàng)“日本人的節(jié)奏相當(dāng)快”正確。A選項(xiàng)“印度尼西亞人不會(huì)測(cè)量銀行時(shí)鐘的準(zhǔn)確性”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，此處只提到印度尼西亞人對(duì)銀行設(shè)置的時(shí)鐘不理會(huì)，并沒(méi)有提到時(shí)鐘的準(zhǔn)確性測(cè)量，屬于曲解原文；C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的生活節(jié)奏是最快的”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，此處說(shuō)到日本的生活節(jié)奏最快，美國(guó)第二，屬于反向干擾；D選項(xiàng)“意大利人做事很費(fèi)時(shí)”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，此處只提到意大利人在銀行回答問(wèn)題的答案很長(zhǎng)，并不意味著他們做所有的事情都費(fèi)時(shí)，屬于曲解原文。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段AmongAmericancities,BostonandKansasCityarefastest.NewYorkisupthere,ofcourse,butwekeepafasterpacehereinHouston.California’s“l(fā)aid-back”reputationisdeserved.TheslowestpaceofalliskeptinLosAngeles.（在美國(guó)城市中，波士頓和堪薩斯城的生活節(jié)奏是最快的。當(dāng)然，紐約在這方面一直領(lǐng)先，但休斯敦的節(jié)奏比紐約更快。加利福利亞“悠閑”的名聲當(dāng)之無(wú)愧。最慢的是洛杉磯。），由此可知洛杉磯是美國(guó)生活節(jié)奏最輕松的，所以C選項(xiàng)“洛杉磯”正確。A選項(xiàng)“加利福利亞”，雖然此處提到了加利福利亞的生活很輕松，但不是最輕松的，故不選，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；B選項(xiàng)“休斯頓”，此處說(shuō)到紐約的生活節(jié)奏一直很快，休斯頓比紐約更快一點(diǎn)，而題干中問(wèn)的是生活最輕松的地方，故B選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)“紐約”都不選，屬于反向干擾。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段Finally,welookatheartdisease.That’stricky,becauseotherfactorsareinvolved.Ourheart’sgreatestenemyistobacco.Butheartdiseasealsocorrelateswiththepacewekeep.Smokerswhodrivethemselvesarereallyaskingforit.（最后，我們來(lái)看看心臟病。這很棘手，因?yàn)檫€涉及到其他因素。我們心中最大的敵人是煙草。但心臟病也與我們保持的節(jié)奏有關(guān)。自己開(kāi)車的吸煙者真的是自找麻煩），由此可推斷出患有心臟病的吸煙者不應(yīng)該自己開(kāi)車，所以B選項(xiàng)“患有心臟病的吸煙者不應(yīng)該自己開(kāi)車”正確。A選項(xiàng)“吸煙者不應(yīng)該開(kāi)車，因?yàn)樗麄兒苋菀壮鍪鹿省焙虳選項(xiàng)“自己開(kāi)車的煙民真是自找麻煩”此處都有提到，但是吸煙者開(kāi)車并不會(huì)有什么危險(xiǎn)，除非他患有心臟病，A、D選項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)，屬于曲解原文；C選項(xiàng)“努力工作的吸煙者很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己患有心臟病”文章并沒(méi)有明確提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后兩段尤其最后一段的第二句Ifwe’resmart,welivebytheclockonlywhenwehaveto.（如果我們夠聰明，我們只會(huì)在必要的時(shí)候按時(shí)間行事。），結(jié)合文章可知作者把時(shí)間比喻成蒸汽和指向我們心臟的利箭，但其實(shí)患心臟病也與生活節(jié)奏有關(guān)，所以可以推斷作者認(rèn)為生活節(jié)奏快對(duì)身體健康是不利的，我們的生活不應(yīng)該完全受時(shí)間掌控，所以D選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該避免讓時(shí)鐘主宰我們生活的每一刻”正確。A選項(xiàng)“患有心臟病的人不應(yīng)該吸煙”對(duì)應(yīng)文章五段，文章只在該段提到了吸煙對(duì)心臟病有消極作用，但作者還提到了生活節(jié)奏太快也會(huì)導(dǎo)致心臟病發(fā)作，且全文都與生活節(jié)奏相關(guān)，所以A選項(xiàng)不足以概括作者的意圖，屬于以偏概全；B選項(xiàng)“時(shí)間是危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)樗拖褚恢е赶蛭覀冃撵`的箭”對(duì)應(yīng)文章倒數(shù)第二段，此處提到我們的技術(shù)定義了我們對(duì)時(shí)間的看法，它可以是一把利箭，我們也可以把它當(dāng)蒸汽，這都取決于人們自己的選擇，屬于以偏概全；C選項(xiàng)“在我們這個(gè)技術(shù)密集的世界里，按時(shí)鐘生活可能是致命的”對(duì)應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句，雖然該選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法無(wú)誤，但是不足以概括作者的意圖，屬于以偏概全。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Hisconsciousnessoftheurgencyofthesituationencouragedhimtohurry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identification

B.recognition

C.comprehension

D.awareness

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)identification“鑒定，識(shí)別（具體的，外在的可以看到信息）”；B選項(xiàng)recognition“識(shí)別，承認(rèn)（其他人眼中是怎樣的看法）”；C選項(xiàng)comprehension“理解，包含”；D選項(xiàng)awareness“意識(shí)，認(rèn)識(shí)”。句意：他對(duì)形勢(shì)緊急的意識(shí)促使他趕快行動(dòng)。原句表達(dá)的意思是，他的意識(shí)在督促他行動(dòng)，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

OneoftheresponsibilitiesoftheCoastGuardistomakesurethatallships________followtrafficrulesinbusyharbors.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cautiously

B.dutifully

C.faithfully

D.skillfully

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎地”；B選項(xiàng)“忠貞地，盡責(zé)地”；C選項(xiàng)“忠實(shí)地，如實(shí)地”；D選項(xiàng)“巧妙地，熟練地”。句意：海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)的職責(zé)之一是確保所有船只在繁忙的港口（）遵守交通規(guī)則。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞trafficrule，我們一般是如實(shí)地遵守，而不是說(shuō)謹(jǐn)慎地、有技巧地遵守，所以C選項(xiàng)最正確。

11.單選題

Iregret（）youthatIcan'tgotoHangzhouforavisitnextSundaywithyou,becauseI'vecaughtabadcold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.totell

B.telling

C.tell

D.havingtold

【答案】A

【解析】regrettodosth.指很遺憾要做某事；regretdoingsth.指很遺憾做過(guò)某事。根據(jù)句意可知,這里指很遺憾的告訴你...nextSunday,事情還沒(méi)有發(fā)生,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

12.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassageandthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChinese.

Psychologistshavelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersiscentraltowell-being,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderinvestigation.1.Inonestudy,researcherseavesdroppedonundergraduatesforfourdays,thencatalogedeachoverheardconversationaseither“smalltalk”or“substantive”.Theyfoundthatthesecondtypecorrelatedwithhappiness—thehappieststudentshadroughlytwiceasmanysubstantivetalksastheunhappiestones.Smalltalk,meanwhile,makesuponly10percentoftheirconversation,versus30percentofconversationamongtheleastcontentstudents.

2.Butdon’twriteoffchitchatjustyet.Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding;andmaintainclosenesswithlovedones,andcouldn’tbemerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.

Still,banteringwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.3.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagocommutersvaryingdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowtrainpassengers.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourneythanthosetoldto“enjoyyoursolitude”ortodowhatevertheynormallywould.Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrebuffed.Andtheresultsheldforintrovertsandextrovertsalike—whichmakessense,sinceactingextrovertedhasapositiveeffectonintroverted.

4.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwithandbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristasreportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction.

Ofcourse,someofusarebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“l(fā)esscurious”,byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyaresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure.5.Butpeoplewhoaredeemed“curious”needednohelptransformingaboutmundanethingslikefavoriteholidaysintointimateexchanges.A“curiousmind-set”、theauthorsconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteraction”.Sogoahead,pry.Chitchatneedn’tbeidle.Andnoisinessisn’tallbad.

【答案】1.在一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員對(duì)大學(xué)生進(jìn)行了為期四天的偷聽(tīng)，然后將每一次聽(tīng)到的談話分類為“閑聊”或“實(shí)質(zhì)性談話”。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)第二種類型的學(xué)生與快樂(lè)有關(guān)——最快樂(lè)的學(xué)生進(jìn)行實(shí)質(zhì)性談話的次數(shù)大約是最不快樂(lè)的學(xué)生的兩倍。

2.但現(xiàn)在還不要對(duì)閑聊一筆勾銷?？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為閑聊可以增進(jìn)感情；和所愛(ài)的人保持親密，不能僅僅是和陌生人尷尬的交流。

3.在一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，心理學(xué)家就是否與火車上的其他乘客交談給芝加哥的通勤者不同的建議。那些被告知與他人聊天的人比那些被告知“享受獨(dú)處”或做他們通常會(huì)做的事情的人更愉快。沒(méi)有人說(shuō)自己被拒絕了。

4.閑聊也能讓我們感覺(jué)和周圍的環(huán)境有聯(lián)系。與那些匆匆完成交易的人相比，那些對(duì)咖啡師微笑、與他們進(jìn)行眼神交流、與他們簡(jiǎn)短交談的人有更強(qiáng)的歸屬感。

5.但是那些被認(rèn)為“好奇”的人不需要?jiǎng)e人的幫助，就能把平常的事情，比如喜歡的節(jié)日，變成親密的交流。作者總結(jié)說(shuō)，一種“好奇的心態(tài)”可以導(dǎo)致“積極的社會(huì)互動(dòng)”。去吧，pry。閑聊不必是無(wú)聊的。噪音也不全是壞事。

13.單選題

Thechairmanmadea（）statementbeforetheopeningceremony.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intensive

B.intermediate

C.preliminary

D.solitary

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)intensive“加強(qiáng)的；集中的；透徹的；加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的”；B選項(xiàng)intermediate“中間的，中級(jí)的”；C選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的；開(kāi)端的；預(yù)備性的”；D選項(xiàng)solitary“孤獨(dú)的；獨(dú)居的”。句意：在開(kāi)幕式之前，這位主席做了一個(gè)預(yù)備性的陳述。根據(jù)句意，判斷出C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.填空題

Thesedayspeoplegettheirnewsfrommanydifferent（1）.Somepeoplestillreadanold-styleprinteddailynewspaper,while（2）readnewspaperson（3）.Manypeopleno（4）readanewspaperatall,insteadrelying（5）theinternetforshortnewsarticles,orvisitingfavoritewebsitesthatcirculatepiecesfromotherwebsites.AnothergroupofpeoplegetmostoftheirnewsfromTVorradiobroadcasts.ManyWesternintellectualsregardthedeclineofthegreat

dailynewspapersasanegative（6）thatwillleadtoa（7）understandingofworldaffairs.Theyarealarmedbythegrowingnumberofpeoplewholargely

（8）

theoutsideworld,focusingontheirownsocietyorsmallpersonalsphere.

句意:

現(xiàn)在人們可以通過(guò)多種出處獲取新聞。一些人仍然閱讀老式的紙質(zhì)日?qǐng)?bào)，而另一些人則在網(wǎng)上看報(bào)紙。許多人不再在網(wǎng)上看報(bào)紙，相反只是依賴網(wǎng)絡(luò)去關(guān)注短消息，或?yàn)g覽自己喜歡的網(wǎng)站。還有一群人是通過(guò)電視或收音機(jī)獲取大部分消息。許多西方知識(shí)分子把偉大的日?qǐng)?bào)的衰落視為一種負(fù)面的現(xiàn)象，它將導(dǎo)致人們對(duì)世界事務(wù)了解的匱乏。他們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，越來(lái)越多的人只會(huì)把注意力放在自我世界之中，關(guān)心自己的事，而忽視外面的世界。

【答案】1.sources

2.others

/r/ernet

4.longer

5.on

6.phenomenon

7.poor

8.ignore

【解析】1.邏輯銜接。由關(guān)鍵詞“news新聞”知這里指代“從不同的出處或消息來(lái)源獲取新聞”，故這里填sources“出處；消息來(lái)源”。

2.固定搭配。some...others—些，另一些。

3.邏輯銜接。文中提到一些人讀紙質(zhì)報(bào)紙，那另一些人很自然就讀網(wǎng)上的報(bào)紙。

4.固定搭配。Nolonger...atall不再

5.固定搭配。relyon依靠

6.語(yǔ)義題。句意:許多知識(shí)分子把偉大的日?qǐng)?bào)的衰落視為一種負(fù)面的現(xiàn)象。

7.語(yǔ)義題。句意:閱讀報(bào)紙的人數(shù)下降，人們對(duì)世界事務(wù)的了解變得匱乏。

8.語(yǔ)義題。句意:人們把注意力放在個(gè)人世界里，也就會(huì)無(wú)視外面的世界。

15.單選題

Enthusiastsfromaroundtheworld（）onLeMansfortheannualcarrace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.coverage

B.idiot

C.consume

D.converge

【答案】D

【解析】句意：來(lái)自世界各地的狂熱分子，因?yàn)槟甓荣愜嚤荣悾ǎ├彰?。coverage范圍，規(guī)模；idiot白癡；consume消耗，揮霍；converge集合，匯聚。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.單選題

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexplanationseemednotto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getup

B.getalong

C.getacross

D.getdown

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。getup“起床”；getalong“相處，進(jìn)展”；getacross“使……被理解”；getdown“從…下來(lái)，使沮喪”。句意：盡管我努力解釋地足夠清楚了，但是我的解釋似乎不能被理解。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

17.單選題

Anarchaeologisthastopaymuchattentionto（）detailsofanunearthedobject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.miserable

B.minus

C.minute

D.moist

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。C項(xiàng)minute（極小的，微小的）與句中details(細(xì)節(jié))搭配合理。

18.單選題

Hisfamilytriedto___intothewhiteandHispaniccommunities.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.melt

B.assimilate

C.involve

D.weaver

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.melt融化B.assimilate吸收；使同化

C.involve包含；牽涉D.weaver織布工；編織工

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】assimilateinto表示（使）逐漸混合于（某一更大的群體）。句中whiteandHispaniccommunities指的是白人和西班牙裔社區(qū)，是一個(gè)大群體。B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】他的家人試圖融入白人和西班牙裔社區(qū)。

19.單選題

Shegotveryangryand（

）herclothesaboutintheroom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.flung

B.flew

C.clamped

D.clashed

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:她很生氣，把衣服扔的房間里到處都是。

fling(尤指生氣地)扔，擲，拋，丟;猛動(dòng)(身體或身體部位);粗暴地(向某人)說(shuō);氣勢(shì)洶洶地(對(duì)某人)說(shuō)。clamp夾住，固定;緊緊抓住;緊夾住;被抓住;被夾緊;用夾鎖鎖住(車)。clash打斗;沖突;比賽;(公開(kāi)地)爭(zhēng)論。

20.單選題

PresidentCoolidge’sstatement,"ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,"stillpointstoanimportanttruthtoday——thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestigeinAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusinessinstitutionspossessthisgreatprestige?

OnereasonisthatAmericansviewbusinessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsinsociety.SincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisalsothemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.

Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualbyensuringthatthereisnomonopolyofpower.Incontrasttoone,allpowerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofits.Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wher