考研考博-英語-桂林電子科技大學信息科技學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-桂林電子科技大學信息科技學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Inmanycountriesnow,smokingisnot______inpublicplaces.

問題1選項

A.permissive

B.permutable

C.pernicious

D.permissible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項permissive“寬容的”；B選項permutable“可排列的；能交換的”；C選項pernicious“有害的；惡性的；致命的；險惡的”；D選項permissible“可允許的；獲得準許的”。句意：在許多國家，吸煙在公共場所是不……。結合句意，A，B，C選項可以排除，D選項permissible（可允許的；獲得準許的）最符合語意，吸煙在公眾場合是不被允許的，因此選項D正確。

2.單選題

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture（

）.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（

）.

問題1選項

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

問題2選項

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

問題3選項

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transformedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

問題4選項

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

問題5選項

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.可知過去男女的分工明確，角色相對固定，因此選D。

第2題:主旨大意題。文章第二段主要講述了反主流文化對男女分工角色的影響，再根據(jù)第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.（但是到了本世紀中葉，男性和女性的角色越來越不固定）可知C選項最符合題意。A選項“在20世紀50年代，經(jīng)濟和社會的成功是典型的美國人的目標”；B選項“但是在20世紀60年代，一支新的力量被稱為反文化。參與這場運動的人并不重視美國中產(chǎn)階級的目標；C選項“反主流文化為男性和女性提供了新的角色選擇”；D選項“一些年輕男性拒絕應征當兵參加越南戰(zhàn)爭”。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety（但它的影響卻蔓延到美國社會的許多方面）可推測反主流文化改變了美國的一些價值觀，因此選B。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.（由于對育兒更感興趣，男人們開始和妻子分擔撫養(yǎng)孩子的任務。事實上，一些年輕男女搬進了公共住宅或農(nóng)場，在那兒雙方共同承擔經(jīng)濟和撫養(yǎng)孩子的責任）可推測C選項“大多數(shù)男人都很樂意和妻子分擔一些家務”符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了過去社會男女分工明確，角色固定；第二三段講述了反主流文化以及它的影響；第四段講述了女權運動給美國社會和經(jīng)濟帶來的變化；最后一段簡單概括男女地位的變化與轉(zhuǎn)變中的困難。因此B選項“美國生活的新影響”符合題意。

3.單選題

Thekeytothisnewmaterialdevelopmentisresearchers'increasingabilityto（

）substancesatthemolecularlevel.

問題1選項

A.formulate

B.manipulate

C.regulate

D.stimulate

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:這種新材料開發(fā)的關鍵在于研究人員需要提升如何在分子水平上合成物質(zhì)的能力。

formulate:規(guī)劃，制定，用公式表示。manipulate:控制，操縱,影響。regulate:約束，管理，控制。stimulate：使興奮，促進，激勵。因此A項符合句意,在句子中語義為“合成”。

4.翻譯題

WhenvisitingtheU.K.andlookingtoseewhatphonesthelocalsuse,oddsarethateveryotheronehasGoogleorAndroiddeviceinhand.ResearchfromKantarWorldpanelComTechbywayoftheMobileBusinessBriefingindicatesthatAndroidphonescommanda49.9percentmarketshareintheU.K.,upfrom29percentayearago.MuchoftheAndroidsharecomesattheexpenseofacompetitoryoumightexpecttobehurtingtoobadly:Apple’siPhone.

ThereareafewreasonsIcanthinkofthatexplainthenumbers,andIexpectabitofareversalinthenextsixmonthsorso.First,eventhoughtheiPhone4wasapopularmodelformorethanayear,otherAndroidphonesarrivedtothemarketbeforethetraditionalyearlyiPhonerefresh.IsuspectsomeintheU.K.decidednottowaitfortheiPhone4SandinsteadpurchasedanewSamsungorHTCdevice.Indeed,thesetwohandsetmakersaccountedfor83percentofallAndroidsalesintheU.K.inthethree-monthperiodendingOct.2.

【答案】答：

如果你在英國，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)街上每兩個人中就有一個使用的是安裝谷歌或安卓系統(tǒng)的智能手機。市場研究公司KantarWorldpanelComTech通過移動商業(yè)簡報完成的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，安卓手機在英國市場的市占率達49.9%，環(huán)比上升了29%。而安卓手機的市場份額大多數(shù)來自于蘋果公司的iPhone。

為什么市場份額會有這么大的變動？我想原因有很多，而且我預計在未來六個月內(nèi)將有一定的反彈。首先，雖然iPhone4已經(jīng)流行了一年多，但更多的安卓手機趁蘋果公司新款發(fā)布會之前進入了市場。我猜測一些人決定不再等待iPhone4S，轉(zhuǎn)而購買了三星或者HTC的新款手機。截至十月二日，在過去的三個月期間，這兩大手機生產(chǎn)商占據(jù)了英國安卓手機83%的份額。

5.單選題

Severalinternationaleventsintheearly1990sseemlikelyto（）,oratleastweaken,thetrendsthatemergedinthe1980s.

問題1選項

A.revolt

B.revolve

C.reverse

D.revive

【答案】C

【解析】句意:90年代初期發(fā)生的若干國際事件，似乎有可能逆轉(zhuǎn)或者至少能夠緩解80年代出現(xiàn)的趨勢。

考查動詞辨析。revolt叛逆，反抗，不及物動詞,故排除；revolve旋轉(zhuǎn)，環(huán)繞，不及物動詞,故排除。Reverse顛倒，逆轉(zhuǎn)。Revive（使）蘇醒，復興，復活。根據(jù)句意“或者至少能夠緩解”可知C正確。

6.單選題

（）tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.

問題1選項

A.NosoonerhadhebegunC.Hardlyhadhebegun

B.C.HardlyhadhebegunB.

C.HardlyhadhebegunB.Notuntilbegan

D.Scarcelydidhebegin

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配題。Hardly...when.…表示“一...就..”。句意：他剛一開始說話,

觀眾就打斷了他。

7.單選題

Youmustremembernotto（

）fromthepointwhenyouwriteanessay.

問題1選項

A.goastray

B.wander

C.diverge

D.gooff

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析、動詞詞義辨析。goastray“走入歧途；迷路”；wander“徘徊，漫步，迷路”；diverge“分化；分歧，相異；偏離”；gooff“離開，進行；變質(zhì)”。句意：你必須記住當你寫論文的時候不要偏離主題。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”,thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.Weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated.Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystemsonwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,takingpartinpoliticalactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilarfromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthesocialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamplesofpersonalexperience.

Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,orevenifearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomesinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.Ifwedefinethe“security”ourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemastheprobabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,thenwewouldreversetheorderofhardnessandseethesocialsciencesasthemostsecure,thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure,andagainthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialascomparedwiththerichrecordsofthesocialsystems,oreventhelimitedrecordsofbiologicalsystems.Recordsoftheastronomicaluniverse,despitethefactthatweseedistantthingsastheywerelongago,arelimitedintheextreme.

Eveninregardtosuchacloseneighborasthemoon,whichwehaveactuallyvisited,theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremelydifferent,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.Ourknowledgeofphysicalevolutionisincompleteandhighlyinsecure.

16.Theword“paradox”(Para.1)means“____”.

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

17.Accordingtotheauthor,weshouldreverseourclassificationofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”andthesocialsciencesas“soft”because____.

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysicalsciences

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthatofsocialsystems

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysicalphenomena

18.Theauthorbelievesthatourknowledgeofsocialsystemsismoresecurethanthatofphysicalsystemsbecause____.

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable

19.Thechancesofthephysicalsciencesbeingsubjecttogreatchangesarethebiggestbecause____.

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate

20.Weknowlessabouttheastronomicaluniversethanwedoaboutanysocialsystembecause____.

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

問題1選項

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

問題2選項

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysicalsciences

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthatofsocialsystems

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysicalphenomena

問題3選項

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable

問題4選項

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate

問題5選項

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】16.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第1段第1句Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”,thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.（我們認為物理科學是“硬科學”，社會科學是“軟科學”，而生物科學則介于兩者之間，這是一個奇怪的____。）；第2句Thisisinterpretedtomeanthat…（這意味著我們對物理系統(tǒng)的認識比我們對生物系統(tǒng)的認識更確定，而生物系統(tǒng)又比我們對社會系統(tǒng)的認識更確定。）；第3句Intermsof…onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.（然而，就我們對相關宇宙進行采樣的能力而言，以及我們對這些宇宙的想象至少大致正確的可能性而言，有人懷疑顛倒順序更合理。）根據(jù)第2、3句判斷，第1句對三種的科學的排序有兩種完全相反的觀點，B選項“矛盾”最相符，原文paradox意為“悖論”；A選項“暗示”、C選項“解釋”、D選項“困惑，不確定”不符合語境。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

17.事實細節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)作者的觀點，我們應該扭轉(zhuǎn)我們對物理科學的‘硬’分類和對社會科學的‘軟’分類，因為____”，可定位到原文第1段第3句Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.（然而，就我們對相關宇宙進行采樣的能力而言，以及我們對這些宇宙的想象至少大致正確的可能性而言，有人懷疑顛倒順序更合理。）由此可知，顛倒順序與“采樣的能力”以及“現(xiàn)有觀點的正確性”有關。根據(jù)顛倒后的順序判斷，社會科學比物理科學的采樣能力很強，正確性更大，D選項“與對物理現(xiàn)象的調(diào)查能力相比，我們對社會現(xiàn)象的調(diào)查能力更強”符合原文。A選項“逆向排序有助于促進物理科學的發(fā)展”，原文并未提及，排除；B選項“我們對物理系統(tǒng)的認識比社會系統(tǒng)的認識更可靠”，與原文意思相反，社會系統(tǒng)的認識更可靠，排除；C選項“我們對社會制度的理解大致正確”，可定位到第1段第5句Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries.（因此，盡管我們對社會制度的認識在許多方面極其不準確，但它不太可能被新的發(fā)現(xiàn)嚴重地推翻。）由此可知，我們對社會制度的認識在許多方面極其不準確，選項表述與原文不符，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

18.事實細節(jié)題。題干“作者認為，我們對社會系統(tǒng)的知識比物理系統(tǒng)的知識更可靠，因為____”，可定位到第1段第5句Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries.（因此，雖然我們對社會制度的認識在許多方面極其不準確，但是它不太可能被新的發(fā)現(xiàn)完全推翻。）我們對社會系統(tǒng)的知識不容易被新的發(fā)現(xiàn)推翻即更可靠，B選項“新發(fā)現(xiàn)不太可能出現(xiàn)在社會科學領域”，表述與原文不符，不是沒有新發(fā)現(xiàn)，而是新發(fā)現(xiàn)不會完全推翻現(xiàn)有理論，排除。根據(jù)原文therefore提示，原因可以定位到前一句話Weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated.（我們有能力對地球的社會系統(tǒng)進行抽樣，并有一定的信心對整個系統(tǒng)中合理的樣本進行調(diào)查。）由此可知，因為有合理的樣本數(shù)據(jù)，我們對社會系統(tǒng)的認識更可靠，C選項“它依據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)量是非常有代表性的”，表述符合原文；A選項“它不是基于個人經(jīng)驗”，可定位到第1段最后一句…eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamplesofpersonalexperience.（……即使它是建立在非常不完善的個人經(jīng)驗上），由此可知，它是基于個人經(jīng)驗的，只不過這對正確性的影響不大，選項表述不正確；D選項“關于社會系統(tǒng)的記錄更可靠”，可定位到第2段倒數(shù)第2句...comparedwiththerichrecordsofthesocialsystems...（……和豐富的關于社會系統(tǒng)的記錄相比……），文中指提到了關于社會系統(tǒng)的記錄豐富，并沒有就可靠程度進行比較，選項表述與原文不符，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

19.事實細節(jié)題。題干“物理科學最有可能發(fā)生巨大變化的原因是____”，可定位到原文第3段第1句Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,ofevenofearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomesinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.（相比之下，我們對宇宙的認識，甚至對地球的地質(zhì)歷史的認識，都很容易隨著新數(shù)據(jù)的加入和新理論的提出而發(fā)生革命性的變化。）由此可知，原因有兩個，“新數(shù)據(jù)的加入”和“新理論的出現(xiàn)”，B選項“新信息不斷地加入”符合原文；原文并沒有說新出現(xiàn)的理論是與現(xiàn)有理論是矛盾的，A選項“矛盾的理論層出不窮”不符合原文；C選項“發(fā)展的方向很難預測”，原文并未提及，排除；D選項“我們對物質(zhì)世界的認識是不準確的”，可定位到原文第2段第2句Ifwedefinethe“security”ourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemastheprobabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,then...thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure...（如果我們將“可靠性”定義為整個系統(tǒng)的各個部分遭受重大變化的可能性的話，那么……物理科學是最不可靠的……）由此可知，物理科學最不可靠即我們對物質(zhì)世界的認識不準確，是因為關于物理世界的理論很容易發(fā)生重大變化，而題干問的是很容易發(fā)生重大變化的原因是什么，選項表述答非所問。因此，本題最佳選項為B。

20.判斷推理題。題干“我們對宇宙的了解比我們對任何社會系統(tǒng)的了解都要少，是因為____”可定位到原文第3段倒數(shù)第2句Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialascomparedwiththerichrecordsofthesocialsystems,oreventhelimitedrecordsofbiologicalsystems.（我們對宇宙的認識是最可靠的，是因為我們觀察到的是如此小的一個樣本，并且關于它的記錄，與社會系統(tǒng)豐富的記錄甚至生物系統(tǒng)有限的記錄相比，是微不足道的。）由此可知，我們對宇宙的了解很少是因為樣本和記錄很少。根據(jù)原文第1段第4句Weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated.（我們有能力對地球的社會系統(tǒng)進行抽樣，并有一定的信心對整個系統(tǒng)中合理的樣本進行調(diào)查）?？芍?，我們對社會系統(tǒng)的認識可靠是因為有合理的樣本數(shù)據(jù)，綜合這兩點來看，我們對宇宙的了解很少是因為樣本的緣故，C選項“只有非常小的一部分樣本已經(jīng)被觀察到”，符合原文；A選項“關于它的起源和歷史有各種各樣的理論”，可定位到原文最后一段Eveninregardto...themoon,...theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremelydifferent,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.（即使是對于……月球……，關于它的起源和歷史的理論也是截然不同，相互矛盾，難以選擇。）由此可知，A選項表述的是對月球的認識，只是文章舉的一個例子，與題干無關，排除；B選項“我們對它的認識是非常不可靠的”，因為對宇宙了解比較少，所以形成的認識也不可靠，B選項因果倒置，排除；D選項“很少的科學家參與天文學的研究”，原文并未提及“參與天文學研究的科學家”少，雖然提到了關于宇宙的記錄很少，但是并未提到記錄少的原因，D選項屬于主觀臆測，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

9.單選題

（

）nolossofenergybyfriction,themotionwouldcontinuedefinitelyonceitstarted.

問題1選項

A.Therewere

B.Werethere

C.Therewas

D.Ifthereis

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果沒有由于摩擦而使能量喪失，運動將無限期地繼續(xù)下去。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)句意推測此處屬于與現(xiàn)在事實相反的條件句,故用虛擬語氣:條件從句的謂語動詞為were或動詞過去式，主句部分為would/should/might/could+動詞原形，故B正確。

10.單選題

Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,（

）uptohalfwillbefromoverseas.

問題1選項

A.inwhich

B.forwhom

C.withwhich

D.ofwhom

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這門課程通常每年會吸引二十名學生，其中有一半是留學生。

語法題?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。題干后半部分為定語從句修飾先行詞20students。定語從句中缺少關系詞。選項D中,of表示“在…中”,后面接關系代詞which。

11.單選題

Afussypersonusuallyhasonlyafewfriends.

問題1選項

A.Afilthy

B.Apicky

C.Anobstinate

D.Astubborn

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.Afilthy一個下流的（人）B.Apicky一個挑剔的（人）

C.Anobstinate一個執(zhí)拗的（人）D.Astubborn一個固執(zhí)的（人）

【答案】B

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】劃線詞形容人，后文提到“通常只有幾個朋友”，指這種人不怎么受歡迎，原詞fussy“挑剔的”，因此，B選項Apicky“一個挑剔的（人）”最符合原句句意。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合原句句意。

【句意】挑剔的人通常沒什么朋友。

12.單選題

Whenyouprepareforyourspeech,besuretocite（

）qualifiedsourcesofinformationandexamples.

問題1選項

A.unbiased

B.manipulated

C.distorted

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】詞義辨析題。A選項unbiased“公正的，無偏見的”；B選項manipulated“操作”；C選項distorted“扭曲的”；D選項conveyed“傳達”。

句意：當你準備你的演講時，一定要引用公正的、合格的信息來源和例子。選項A符合句意。

13.單選題

ThewordeuthanasiaisofGreekoriginandliterallymeans“agooddeath."TheAmericanHeritageDictionarydefinesitas"theactofkillingapersonpainlesslyforreasonsofmercy."Suchkillingcanbedonethroughactivemeans,suchasadministeringalethalinjection,orbypassivemeans,suchaswithholdingmedicalcareorfoodandwater.

InrecentyearsintheUnitedStates,therehavebeennumerouscasesofactiveeuthanasiainthenews.Theyusuallyinvolvethedeliberatekillingofillorincapacitatedpersonsbyrelativesorfriendswhopleadthattheycannolongerbeartoseetheirlovedonessuffer.Althoughsuchkillingsareacrime,theperpetratorsareoftendealtwithlenientlybyourlegalsystem,andthemediausuallyportraysthemascompassionateheroeswhotakepersonalriskstosaveanotherfromunbearablesuffering.

Theseemingacceptanceofactiveformsofeuthanasiaisalarming,butwefaceabigger,moreinsidiousthreatfrompassiveformsofeuthanasia.Everyyear,inhospitalsandnursinghomesaroundthecountry,therearegrowingnumbersofdocumenteddeathscausedbycaregiverswithholdinglifesustainingcare,includingfoodandwater,fromvulnerablepatientswhocannotspeakforthemselves.

Whileitisillegaltokillsomeonedirectly,forexamplewithagunorknife,inmanycasesthelawhasputitsstampofapprovaloncausingdeathbyomittingneededcare.Further,manystateshave“l(fā)ivingwill"lawsdesignedtoprotectthosewhowithholdtreatment,andtherehavebeennumerouscourtrulingswhichhaveapprovedofpatientsbeingdeniedcareandevenstarvedanddehydratedtodeath.

Becausesuchdeathsoccurquietlywithintheconfinesofhospitalsandnursinghomes,theycanbekepthiddenfromthepublic.Mosteuthanasiavictimsareoldorveryill,sotheirdeathsmightbeattributedtoacauseotherthanthedenialofcarethatreallykilledthem.Further,itisoftenrelativesofthepatientwhorequestthatcarebewithheld.Inonecourtcase,thecourtheldthatdecisionstowithholdlife-sustainingcaremaybemadenotonlybyclosefamilymembersbutalsobyanumberofthirdparties,andthatsuchdecisionsneednotbereviewedbythejudicialsystemifthereisnodisagreementbetweendecisionmakersandmedicalstaff.Thecourtwentsofarastorulethatanursinghomemaynotrefusetoparticipateinthefatalwithdrawaloffoodandwaterfromanincompetentpatient!

"Extraordinary"or“heroic"treatmentneednotbeusedwhenthechanceforrecoveryispoorandmedicalinterventionwouldserveonlytoprolongthedyingprocess.Buttodenycustomaryandreasonablecareortodeliberatelystarveordehydratesomeonebecauseheorsheisveryoldorveryillshouldnotbepermitted.Mostofthecasescomingbeforethecourtsdonotinvolvewithholdingheroicmeasuresfromimminentlydyingpeople,butrathertheyseekapprovalfordenyingbasiccare,suchasadministrationoffoodandwater,topeoplewhoarenotelderlyorterminallyill,butwhoarepermanentlyincapacitated.Thesepeoplecouldbeexpectedtoliveindefinitely,thoughinanimpairedstate,iftheyweregivenfoodandwaterandminimaltreatment.

Noonehastherighttojudgethatanother'slifeisnotworthliving.Thebasicrighttolifeshouldnotbeabridgedbecausesomeonedecidesthatsomeoneelse'squalityoflifeistoolow.Ifwebasetherighttolifeonqualityoflifestandards,thereisnologicalplacetodrawtheline.

Toprotectvulnerablepatients,wemustfostermorepositiveattitudestowardspeoplewithseriousandincapacitatingillnessesandconditions.Despitetheravagesoftheirdiseases,theyarestillourfellowhumanbeingsanddeserveourcareandrespect.Wemustalsoenactpositivelegislationthatwillprotectvulnerablepeoplefromthosewhoconsidertheirlivesmeaninglessortoocostlytomaintainandwhowouldcausetheirdeathsbywithholdinglife-sustainingcaresuchasfoodandwater.

1.Thetoneoftheauthorcanbestbedescribedas（

）.

2.Inparagraph3,theauthorfindsstarvationanddehydrationinducedeuthanasiaistobe"moreinsidious"because

（

）.

3.Asusedinparagraph3,whatisthebestsynonymforinsidious?

4.Theauthormaintainsthatdeathbywithholdingcareis

（

）.

5.Asusedinparagraph7,whichisthebestdefinitionofabridged?

6.Themainideaofparagraph7isthat

（

）.

7.Inthefinalparagraphtheauthorwrites,"Despitetheravagesoftheirdiseases,theyarestill

ourfellowhumanbeingsanddeserveourcareandrespect."Themainpurposeofthisstatementisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.pleading

B.argumentative

C.compassionate

D.emphatic

E.mpathetic

問題2選項

A.euthanasiaislegallyconsideredtobeacriminalact

B.thepublic'sattitudetowardeuthanasiaisbecomingmorepositive

C.itofteninvolvesthosewhocannotprotest

D.thepatienthasaskedtodiewithdignity

E.itsperpetratorsareviewedaskindlycaregivers

問題3選項

A.mischievous

B.treacherous

C.seductive

D.apparent

E.cumulative

問題4選項

A.largelyconfinedtohospitals

B.largelyconfinedtotheterminallyill

C.oftenrequestedbyfamilymembers

D.approvedbylivingwills

E.difficulttoproveifprosecuted

問題5選項

A.trimmed

B.curtailed

C.lengthened

D.extended

E.compressed

問題6選項

A.lawyerswillbeunabletoprosecuteordefendcaregivers

B.nocomprehensiverightorwrongdefinitionofeuthanasiawillexist

C.usingasubjectivestandardwillmake