U校園新視野新視野大學英語1讀寫教程答案Units8

StudentA:Iprefertohavefriendswhocansharemyjoyandsadness.I'magirl.Girlsliketosharetheirsecretswitheachother,becausethiscanbringthemcloser.That'swhyIhavefarmorefemalefriendsthanmalefriends.IfinditeasiertosharemyfeelingswithmygirlfriendsbecauseIfindtheyaresensitivetomyfeelings.Ihaveonlyafewmalefriendsandtheyseldomsharetheirfeelingswithme.However,whenIknowtheyhaveaproblem,Itrytotalkwiththemandsharetheirfeelings.Generallyspeaking,Ithinkfemalefriendsaremuchcloserandmoreemotionallyattachedwhilemalefriendsenjoydoingactivitiestogether.StudentB:Asaboy,ImaybedifferentfromyouwhenIchooseandtreatafriend.Unlikeyou,Iliketomakefriendswithpeoplewhocansharemylifeattitude.Ibelievefriendshipshouldbebasedonthecompatibilityofoutlook.Aslongaswesharethesameoutlookonlife,Idon'tcareifmyfriendismaleorfemale.That'swhyIhaveapproximatelythesamenumberoffemalefriendsandmalefriends.Ofcourse,justasyoutreatyourmalefriendsandfemalefriendsdifferently,Ialsotreattheminadifferentway.Asaboy,Idomanyactivitieswithmymalefriendsbuttalkalotwithmyfemalefriends.IlovemyfriendsandI'mhappytohelpthem,maleorfemale.Whenafemalefriendhasapersonalproblem,I'dbehappytohelphermakeadecisionasIdotomymalefriends.Soingeneral,Ithinkthereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenmalefriendshipandfemalefriendship.Hisfemalefriendslookstraightintohiseyes,sensitivetohisfeelings,andlistentohimwithdeliberateattention.Becauseheandhismalefriendsdon'ttalkmuch;instead,theyshowtheirfriendshipbywhattheydo.Theyexpressedtheirfeelingsinactionsratherthaninwords.HerealizedhowmuchhelovedJessicaandwhatanirreplaceablefriendshewas.Withwomen,hecouldbeopen,emotionallyhonest,andtransparentwhilewithmen,hecouldn'texpresshiscaringfeelingsnomatterhowdeepthefriendshipwas.Intermsofnature,menandwomenarebornwithverydifferentgenetictendencies.Intermsofnurture,thesegenetictendenciesarefurtherencouragedbysocietyaseither"masculine"or"feminine".Mentendtobemorerestrainedwithemotionalexpressionsthanwomen.Becausehewasassuredthathewasa"normalguy"anditwasfineforhimtotreathisfemalefriendsandmalefriendsindifferentways.usuallydon'tchooseafriend.Theycometome.Inthebeginning,theymayjustbemyschoolmatesorcolleagues.However,oncewediscoverthatwesharesomevaluesorbeliefs,webecomefriends.Ivaluemeritssuchashonesty,truthfulness,generosity,humor,faithfulness,andmostimportantofall,willingnesstohelpothers.Iexpectmyfriendstohavesomeofthesevirtues,ifnotall.ThiswayIcanlearnfromthemandimprovemyownpersonalqualities.2.?Yes,theycanbetruefriendsaslongastheoldergenerationandtheyoungergenerationtrytheirbesttounderstandeachother.Forexample,Iaminmy20s,butIhavemadesomegoodfriendswithpeopleintheir50sor60s.Theseolderfriendstrytheirbesttoputthemselvesintheshoesofyoungerpeople,andtheyaremoretolerantandconsiderate.Forme,Irespectthemastheyhavemuchmoreexperienceandadvicetooffer.I'malsohappytoprovidemyseniorfriendswithnovelideas.Theyappreciateitalot.That'showourfriendshipdevelops.?Itishardforpeopleofdifferentgenerationstobecometruefriends.Whiletheymaysharesomehobbiesorinterests,theyoftendon'thavemuchforconversationduetodifferentbackgroundsandlifeexperiences.Anotherproblemisthattheydon'thavethesamecircleoffriendsorpeers.Mostimportantofall,theymaynotsharethesamevaluesandoutlooksonlife.Therefore,truefriendsarerarebetweengenerationswithabigagegap.Menandwomendifferalotintheirbehaviorandcommunicationstyles.Whiletheirphysicaldifferencesplayabasicrole,thereareotherfactorswhichcancausesuchdifferences.Thefollowingaresomeexamples:Theyhavedifferentsocialimagesandroles;Theysharedifferentvaluesoflife;andTheyhavedifferentemotionalandrationalprocesses.Menandwomenhavedifferentcommunicationstyles,andeachstyleisadvantageousinitsownway.Womenliketospeakouthowtheyfeel.Theirdirectwayofcommunicationmayhelpthemstartafriendshipmoreeasily.Forwomen,communicationismoreefficient,especiallyindealingwithdifficultsituations.Incomparison,mentendtosaylessbutdomorefortheirfriends.Itmaytakealongertimeformentomakefriendswithothers.Butoncetheybecomefriends,thefriendshipwillbemorestablebecauseitisbasedonactionsandmutualtrust.Conflictsmayoccurevenbetweengoodfriendsandweneedtohandlethemstrategically.First,IwouldthinkaboutthecauseoftheproblemandseeifIhavemadeanymistakeonmypart.Second,Iwouldmakeafriendlygesture

tomyfriend,suchasmakingaphonecallorsendinganemailtosayhelloorapologize.Third,ifthecoldwarlasts,Iwouldmakeafurtherfriendlymoveinperson,suchasinvitingmyfriendtohaveacupofcoffeeorbuyingmyfriendagifttoshowhowmuchIcareabouthimorher.present1)(presently)costt2)(costly)dead-?3)(deadly)approximately-4)(approximate)name-5)(namely)scarcely-6)(scarce)barelyt7)(bare)-oreditor->8)(edit)generate一9)(generator)survivor-10)(survive)TherewasatimewhenWhitneydidn'thavealotoffriends.Allthroughhighschool,shejustslippedinandoutof"light"friendshipswhereshedidn'tfindalotofcomfortor1)(companionship)Whenitwastimeforhertogotocollege,Whitneywasnervousand2)(scared)attheideathatshemighthavetogowithoutfriends.So,shewas3)(determined)tomakeachange.Thefirstweekofclasses,somethinghappenedthat4)(transformed)Whitney'slifeforever.InherEnglishclass,whenaskedtosharetheirgoalsfortheclass,mostofthestudentssaidtheirgoalwastogetagoodgrade,orpasstheclass.Whitney5)(uttered)somethingentirelydifferent:Hergoalwastomakejustonegoodfriend.Toher6)(relief),whilemostofthestudentssatinsilence,onestudentcametoWhitneyandheldouthishandandintroducedhimself.Heaskedifshewouldbehisfriend.Thewholeroomwassilent-alleyes7)(focused)onWhitneyandthehandheldoutjustinfrontofher.Shesmiledand8)(stretched)herhandouttotakehisandafriendshipwasformed.Itwasafriendshipthatlastedthroughcollege.Itwasafriendshipfromwhicharomancewas9)(nurtured).Itwasafriendshipthatbroughttwopeopletogetherinmarriageand10)(steered)themthroughmanygoodandbadtimes.Thefindingsshow1)?(in)general2)I(terms)thatthesameproblembeginssoonerinthecountrythanintowns.Wedashedtothebusstationandbarelygotonthebuswhenit3)(pulledaway)Somewhat4)1(⑹my5)I(relief),thepolicehasfinallydecidedtoeliminatemybrotherfromtheirlistofsuspects.Achildmay6)I (bebornwith)serioushandicapsordevelopmentalproblemswhichrequireextendedperiodsofcare.Samuelhadbeenseenasaproblemstudent.However,afterhesavedthelifeofthelittlegirl,peoplebegantolookathim7)(inanewlight)ArrivinginLondon8)I (onamission)tostopthewar,hevisitedthePrimeMinistertoseekhelp.9)I (Incomparison)withtheotherapplicants,thelastgirlweinterviewedwasmuchmoreskilledandintelligent.Ihadforgottenmymother'sbirthday.SothenextdayIboughtherabundleofflowersto10)(makeupfor)it.Themoviewasoverandthecrowds11)I(spilledout)intothestreet.12)I(Atthetime),thecompanywasfightingtosurviveandwasforcedtolayoffengineersasitcutbackoncosts.ABBBBCCollegelifeandhighschoollifedifferinmanyways.Highschooloffersfundamentalcoursessuchasmath,physicsandEnglish,whereascollegeoffersmorespecializedcourses,mostofwhicharerelatedtostudents'majors.Inhighschool,allclassesarearrangedbytheschool,sostudentsjustfollowafixedschedule;incontrast,collegestudentscanchoosethecoursesinwhichtheyareinterestedandarrangetheirownschedule,sotheirscheduleismoreflexible.Moreover,highschoolstudentsacquireknowledgeandskillsmainlythroughteacher'sinstructions.Incontrast,besidesattendinglectures,collegestudentsareexpectedtolearnontheirown,anddevelopcriticalthinking.作為世界上唯一ー個真正具有普遍性的世界組織,聯(lián)合國已經(jīng)成為處理超越國界、而且任何ー個國家都無法獨立解決的問題的首要論壇。聯(lián)合國最初的宗旨是維護和平、保護人權(quán)、建立國際公平正義的框架以及促進經(jīng)濟和社會進步。近年來,聯(lián)合國又面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn),諸如氣候變化、國際恐怖主義和艾滋病等?，F(xiàn)在,解決爭端及維護和平仍然是聯(lián)合國最主要的任務(wù)。除此之外,聯(lián)合國及其專門機構(gòu)還致力于各種旨在改進世界人民生活的活動,從賑災(zāi)到教育和婦女進步,再到原子能的和平使用。聯(lián)合國及其專門機構(gòu)推動世界成為ー個更加友好、更加宜居的地方，為全世界人民帶來了福祉。SincethefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,Chinahaspersistedintheindependentforeignpolicyofpeace,andmadetremendousprogressinforeignaffairs.By2011,Chinahadestablisheddiplomaticrelationswith172countries.Overrecentyears,withtheenhancementofitscomprehensivenationalstrength,Chinahasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleininternationalaffairs,andChina'sinternationalstatushasbeenfurtherenhanced.Inregionalaffairs,Chinaactivelypromotesallkindsofregionalcooperation.Ithasmadeimportantcontributionsinmaintainingregionalpeaceandpromotingregionaldevelopment.China'sdiplomacywillholdhighthebannerof"peace,development,cooperationandmutualbenefit".OnthebasisoftheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistenceandthroughall-roundandfriendlycooperationwithvariouscountries,Chinawillmakeunremittingeffortstobuildaharmoniousworldofenduringpeaceandcommonprosperity.FriendshipintheUS.TodescribehowAmericanfriendstreateachother.ForAmericans,afriendshipmaybesuperficial,casual,situationalordeepandenduringFriendshipinGermany.TodescribethecharacteristicsofGermanfriendship.InGermany,friendshipismuchmoreamatteroffeelingandaffection.Whatmakesitdifficultforstrangersfromdifferentcountriestobecomefriends?A.Theydon'texpectsubtledifferencesofwhatconstitutesfriendship.B.Theycan'ttalkwitheachotherbecausetheyspeakdifferentlanguages.C.Theythinkpeoplefromothercountriesmayfailtoappreciatefriendship.D.Theythinkpeoplefromdifferentcountrieshavedifferentideasaboutfriendship.WhycanthetermfriendbeappliedcasuallytoawiderangeofrelationshipsforAmericans?A.BecauseAmericansocietyishighlymobileandtherearedifferentkindsoffriends.B.BecauseAmericansthinkfriendshipiscasual.c.Becausethemoodiscasualandrelaxedbetweenfriends.D.Becausefriendsandfamilyalikeinteractinarelaxed,casualway.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutfriendshipforAmericans?A.Friendshipisadeepandenduringrelationship.B.Friendshipissuperficial,casualandsituational.C.TherearehardlyanyvariationsamongdifferenttypesoffriendsforAmericans.D.Onthesurface,differenttypesoffriendsaretreatedinthesameway.Accordingtotheauthor,inwhichcountryisfriendshipleastlikelytobecrossgender?rFrance.rGermany.rc.TheUnitedStates.rD.TheUnitedKingdom.WhichofthefollowingisessentialtofriendshipfortheFrench?A.Keenawarenessoffriends'specializedneeds.B.Thesamethoughts,values,hobbies,orinterests.C.Privaterelationshipswithnodefiniteboundaries.D.Knowledgeaboutfriends'personallivesandfamilies.Accordingtotheauthor,whichcountryvaluesfriendshipintermsofafeelingoflikingandcaring?A.France.B.Germany.C.TheUnitedStates.D.TheUnitedKingdom.InGermany,boysandgirlsformfriendshipinorderto.A.enrichtheirwisdomB.shareonlypositivefeelingsC.exploreeachother'sinnerworldD.buildarelationnotfoundathomeWhatdoestheauthorsayabouthisfriends?rTheytendtodislikeeachother.rTheyarefriendswitheachothertoo.rc.Theyallknowmanydifferentwaystoexpressfriendship.rD.Theyaredifferentfromeachother.,UnlikeFrenchpeople,Chinesepeoplemakecross-genderfriendsaswellasfriendsofthesamesex.Chinesepeopletendtoknowalmosteverythingabouttheirfriends,includingtheirfamily,work,andhobbies.?GermansbasetheirfriendshipmainlyonaffectionwhileEnglishpeopleonsharedactivity.Incomparison,thefriendshipofChinesepeoplecanbebuiltonboth.Sometimes,itmaybebuiltonmutualinterests;Chinesepeoplemayasktheirfriendstohelpwiththeirbusinessorwork.,ChinesepeopleandEnglishpeoplearesimilarinmanywayswhenmakingfriends.ButunlikeEnglishpeoplewhodevelopfriendshipsoutsidethefamily,manyChinesepeoplehaveoldfamilyfriends,whoareactuallyverycloseandlikefamilymembers.,Accordingtomyexperience,itisnoteasytomakefriendswithforeignpeople,especiallyinthebeginning.First,theymaynotsharethesamevaluesduetoculturaldifferences.Second,theymaylikedifferentfoodandsportsastheycomefromdifferentethnicgroupsorgrowupindifferentpartsoftheworld.Third,theymayhavedifficultiesincommunicationastheyspeakdifferentlanguages.Allthesemaybebarrierstomakingfriendswithpeoplefromothercountries.?No,Ihavenodifficultyinmakingfriendswithpeoplefromothercountries.Nomatterwherepeoplecomefrom,thedesireforfriendshipisthesame.Besides,peoplefromdifferentcountriesarewillingtosharethebestpartoftheirculture.Andbytalkingtopeoplefromdifferentcultures,youcanalwayslearnsomethingnew.Thisway,itismucheasiertostrikeaconversationandexploreinterestingtopicstogether.?IliketheseeminglycasualandfriendlywayAmericanstreattheirfriends.Foronething,friendshipistohelpmakeourleisurelifemorecolorfulandrelaxing.Therearecountlesspeopleinthisworld,butwecanencounteronlyalimitednumber.Soitwouldbenicetobefriendlytoeachotherandmakeeachotherhappy.Foranother,intimatefriendshipdevelopsfromcasualfriendship.Weshouldfirstreachouttooffercareandsupporttoapotentialfriend,andthenovertimewemaybuildadeeperfriendship.?Idon'tliketheseeminglycasualwayinwhichAmericanstreattheirfriends.First,friendshipmeanswillingnesstolistento,careabout,andhelpeachother.Iffriendstreateachotherinacasualmanner,whydidtheybecomefriendsinthefirstplace?Second,thecasualwayinwhichAmericanstreattheirfriendsmaybemisleading.Noteveryonecanbecometruefriends.Truefriendswillhavemutualunderstandingandwilldowhatisbestforeachother.Whenyoufailtodowhatyouareexpectedasafriend,yourfriendsmayfeeldisappointedorevenhurt.Sowe'dbettertakefriendshipseriously.?Yes,Iliketomaintain"distinctboundaries"forfriendship.Everybodyhassomeprivacyorsecretswhichtheydon'twanttosharewithotherpeople,notevenwiththeirfriends.Sometimesfriendshipdoesn'tlastforever,sotheboundariesmayprotectyoufrombeinghurtiftherelationendsoneday.Besides,friendship,inmyview,shouldfocusonsharingfeelingsandhobbiesinsteadofworkproblemsorfamilymatters.Ifyouaskyourfriendstoshareyourproblemsandburdens,itwilleventuallyhurtyourfriendship.?Idon'tliketheideaoffriendshipwith"distinctboundaries".First,truefriendsshouldtrusteachotherandthereisnothingtheycannotshare.Forexample,ifyouknoweachother'sfamily,thetwofamiliescanbecomefriendstoo.Thisw川inturnstrengthenyourfriendship.Second,"Afriendinneedisafriendindeed".Ifyouhaveaproblematwork,youcanshareitwithyourfriends,andtheymaybehappytohelp.Third,themoreyousharewithyourfriends,themoreyouwillhaveincommon."Distinctboundaries"willonlyundermineyourrelationship.Therearemanywaystostrengthenfriendship.Forexample,youcan:seeyourfriendsmoreoftenandtalktothemwheneverpossible;givethemgiftsonspecialoccasionstoshowthatyoucareaboutthem;bethereforhelpintimesofdifficultysothattheycanalwayshavesomeonetocounton;invitethemtojoinyouforoutdooractivitiesandsharethefunexperience;andcallthemorsendthemmessagesregularlytokeepeachotherupdated.Nearlyone-thirdofthepeopleweinterviewedthinkpeoplefromdifferentculturesshouldn'tgetmarried,claimingthattheycannotbe(compatible)TelecommunicationstechnologieshavebeenI (integrated)intoeverydaylifesodeeplythatmodernsocietycouldnotfunctionwithoutthem.ForalongtimetheUSwasregardedasameltingpot.Thismeantthatallthe(diverse)elementswouldbemelteddowninto100%American.Out-of-towntourists(constitute)aboutathirdoftheamazingannualfigureofsixmillionvisitors.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreat(significance)forpeoplesufferingfromheartproblems.Havingexpensiveequipmentdoesn'tactually(guarantee)thatyoucanplaygolf,andinordertoplayitwell,youmighthavetotakeafewlessons.Introducinganewproductintothemarketisahighly(complicated)business,whichcallsforcarefulplanning.Manyyoungwomenareso(keen)onkeepingthemselvesinshapethattheytakedietingtoextremes.Thisorganization'saimisto(enhance)thequalityoflifeandemploymentopportunitiesofpeoplewithdisabilities.Iwouldliketothankthoseorganizationsthathavechosento(extend)theirhelptosufferersfromAIDS.Localfarmersregardtheblacksoilsasa"giftfromthepast"becausetheyarenaturallyfertileandhavetheabilitytosupport(arangeof)crops.Ispentmanynightspacing(backandforth)inthelibrary,tryingtodefineatopicformyessayandchoosemyarguments.Asafamousactress,Carolineisalwayssurroundedbyalovingaudienceand(showeredwith)giftsfromthem.Inhisspeech,heexpressedhis(debtofgratitude/debtofthanks)toallthepeoplewhohadsupportedhiswork.Wewilldoourbesttoprovideyouwithgoodservices,andIhopeyouwill(feelathome/beathome)whenyoustayinourhotel.AnewvarietyofEnglishhas(comeintobeing)asmoreandmoreforeignspeakersofthelanguageareusingit.Beingabletodeterminethemainideaofapassageisoneofthemostusefulskillsyoucan(applyto)anykindofreading.8.(Alackof)supportfromthepublichasledmanypublicschoolteacherstoleavetheprofession.I (Reference:Muchtomysurprise)(讓我感到十分吃驚的是)，shehadchangedsomuchthatIcouldhardlyrecognizeher.2.I (Reference:Tothegeneralmanager'sdelight)(讓總經(jīng)理感到高興的是)，quiteanumberofbusinesspartnersshowedinterestinthisnewproject.3.I (Reference:Muchtomycousin'sdisappointment)(讓我表妹感到很失望的是)，nooneintheroomfoundherjokeamusing.Inhisletter,Icouldseethathispurposewas(Reference:notsomuchtomakeanapologyastodefendhimself)(與其說是道歉,不如說是在為自己辯解).Youshouldunderstandthatsuccessdepends(Reference:notsomuchonluckasonhardwork)(與其說是憑運氣,不如說是靠努力).Shecontrolledthediscussion.Theyallfeltitwas(Reference:notsomuchadiscussionasalongspeechbyherself)(與其說那是ー場討論,不如說是她ー個人的長篇大論).Regardingfriendship,menandwomenarenotalwaysthesame.However,bothmalesandfemales1)(va)(value)2)⑴(friendship).Itisahumanrightto3)(m)(make)4)(り(friends)withothers.Noonecanstopyoufromdoingso.Youcan5)(be)(begin)a6)(り(friendship)withanyoneyoupreferfromtheoppositegender.Somemayhavemanyopposite-gende