Unit 5 Revealing nature學(xué)案-外研版高中英語(yǔ)選擇修必修第一冊(cè)

Unit5RevealingnaturePeriod1StartingOut&Understandingideas知識(shí)體系圖解重點(diǎn)詞匯1.seedn.種子，籽2.distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的3.samplen.樣本4.suspectv.猜想，懷疑，覺(jué)得5.ancestorn.(動(dòng)物的)原種，祖先6.generatev.產(chǎn)生，創(chuàng)造重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.answerthecall響應(yīng)號(hào)召2.beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事3.datebackto追溯到4.what’smore此外，還……5.leadto通向，導(dǎo)致，帶到……6.ofalltime有史以來(lái)7.inquestion被提及的；討論中的；相關(guān)的8.becrowdedwith充滿，滿是9.cometoexist開始存在10.beregardedas被認(rèn)為是句型judge+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句not...until…sth.is+adj.+todo…sb.wassaidtohavedonesth.Ithasbeenknownforsometimethat…sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)Period2Usinglanguage過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前已完成的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。|-------------------------------|----------------|--------------------|過(guò)去完成過(guò)去現(xiàn)在將來(lái)構(gòu)成：had+過(guò)去分詞1.基本用法：(1)過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“by+表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間”，“before”等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句連用。Whentheexplorerhurriedtothedestination,theothershadalreadyleft.當(dāng)這名探險(xiǎn)家匆忙趕到目的地的時(shí)候，其他人已經(jīng)離開了。Thecaptainhadcheckedalltheequipmentbeforetheshipsetsail.在輪船啟航前，船長(zhǎng)已經(jīng)檢查了所有的設(shè)備。(2)用于賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句中。表示主句和從句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在前的，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在后的，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。（過(guò)去動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的）HetoldmehehadwatchedthesunriseatthetopofMountTai.他告訴我他已經(jīng)在泰山頂上看過(guò)日出了。Thewomansaidshehadnotonlylost125pounds,butalsoraised$25,000forhomelesschildren.這位女士說(shuō)她不但已經(jīng)減了125磅，還為無(wú)家可歸的孩子們籌集了25，000美元。Mr.Whitehadworkedinourschoolfornearlyfortyyearsbeforeheretiredlastmonth.Mr.White上個(gè)月退休了，他之前在我們學(xué)校工作了將近40年。(3)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)開始并一直延續(xù)到這一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，嘗和for,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Hetoldusthathaddonethescientificresearchforfiveyears.他告訴我們他做科研工作已經(jīng)五年了。Hesaidhehadmadegreatprogresssincehecamehere.他說(shuō)自從他來(lái)這里之后已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步。(4)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，常用動(dòng)詞有hope,expect,suppose,think,want,intend,mean,plan等。Ihadhopedthatwewoulddobetterthistime,butwefailedagain.我本希望這次我們能做得好一點(diǎn)，但我們又失敗了。Ihadneverthoughtthatyouwerecontenttohelpme.我從未想過(guò)你愿意幫我。2.用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)得常用句式(1)表示“一……就……”的“hardly/scarcely……when……”和“nosooner…than…”等句式中，主句常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Nosoonerhadthegamestartedthanitbegantorainheavily.比賽一開始，天就下起了大雨。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他剛開始演講，聽眾就打斷了他。(2)“It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/…timethat…”，“Itwas+一段時(shí)間+since從句”等句型中，that從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Itwasthefirsttimethathehadorganizedsuchanadventuretrip.這是他第一次組織這樣的冒險(xiǎn)旅行。Itwasfivemonthssincehehadreturned.他回來(lái)已經(jīng)5個(gè)月了。[誤區(qū)警示]在含有after或before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，由于主句和從句的動(dòng)作先后關(guān)系明顯，所以可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Afterheleft(=hadleft)theclassroom,theteachercamein.他離開教室后，老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。Thetrainleft(=hadleft)beforehegotthere.他還沒(méi)到那里，火車就開走了。2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)于過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法比較過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)--------------------------------|----------------------------------|-------------->過(guò)去現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)用法例句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常用來(lái)表示與現(xiàn)在仍有聯(lián)系的過(guò)去的事或物。Hehasreceivedpunishmentasaresultoftellingalie.他因?yàn)槿鲋e已經(jīng)受到了懲罰。Hiscominghasdisturbedmyschedule.他的到來(lái)打亂了我的計(jì)劃。過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，即表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作，是以過(guò)去某一時(shí)間為基準(zhǔn)的。Hehadknownthecustomsandlivinghabitsofthelocalpeopleinadvancebeforehecamehere.他在來(lái)這兒之前已經(jīng)事先了解了當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗和人們的生活習(xí)慣。Hegothomeandsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthisclothingandkeysinthecar.他回到家，突然意識(shí)到他把衣服和鑰匙落在車上了。Period3Developingideas&Presentingideas語(yǔ)言知識(shí)：link,detect,root,tinyamountsof,drive…away,it+某些特殊動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)+that從句，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)等?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的條件是：①由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)發(fā)出兩個(gè)動(dòng)作；②或同一個(gè)主語(yǔ)處于兩種狀態(tài)；③或同一個(gè)主語(yǔ)發(fā)出一個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí)又伴隨有某一種狀態(tài)。現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般情況下必須是全局的主語(yǔ)，伴隨狀語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。Hesaiditangrilypointingatthenoticeonthewall.他指著墻上的通知生氣地說(shuō)。（point與said同時(shí)進(jìn)行，pointing…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行）Manypeoplestayupallnight,playingallkindsofgames.許多人一整晚熬夜不睡，玩各種各樣的游戲。（stayup和play同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并且都由主語(yǔ)Manypeople發(fā)出）。Period4Writing觀察描述類作文1.文體介紹觀察描述類作文就是把觀察到的物按照時(shí)間或空間順序描述出來(lái)。寫作時(shí)要求內(nèi)容真實(shí)，所見所聞要貼近自己的生活。寫作前要細(xì)致觀察，這樣在敘述時(shí)才能具體，內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括外形、色彩、特點(diǎn)、動(dòng)作等。寫作時(shí)要突出中心，圍繞一個(gè)內(nèi)容、一種情景、一點(diǎn)感受進(jìn)行寫作，必要時(shí)結(jié)合自已的感受進(jìn)行合理的想象，要有詳有略、想象合理,寫出新鮮感。2.寫作要點(diǎn)(1)考慮好描寫的視角和次序。視角就是我們通常所講的人稱,觀察描述類作文用第一和第三人稱都可以，但目的內(nèi)容和效果不同。描寫次序是指先寫什么后寫什么的問(wèn)題。一般來(lái)講，觀察描述類作文或是按空間順序描寫，或是按時(shí)間順序描寫。比如要描寫植物生長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程可按時(shí)間順序，而描述一個(gè)房間時(shí)則需要按空間順序。(2)寫作時(shí)要選擇重點(diǎn)部位或內(nèi)容來(lái)寫。無(wú)論描寫什么都不可能面面俱到，要選擇最能體現(xiàn)事物特征的一兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述，比如植物的生長(zhǎng)有一些關(guān)鍵期，如種子發(fā)芽、長(zhǎng)出莖、長(zhǎng)出第一片葉子等，這此都是最好記錄下來(lái)的。(3)把描寫和敘述結(jié)合起來(lái)。在寫作中，描寫通常需要與其他表達(dá)方式結(jié)合起來(lái)，尤其是常與敘述結(jié)合在一起。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，描寫是具體細(xì)致地描述客觀事物，敘述是概括地描述事件的過(guò)程。3.常用表達(dá)You'hesunlight.你最好把..放在陽(yáng)光下。It'sbetterforyoutowater...everyday.你最好每天都給...澆水。Ifyoutakecareof…cangrowbetterandbetter.如果你照顧好........長(zhǎng)得越來(lái)越好。Itcomesinavarietyofcolors/shapes.它有各種各樣的顏色/形狀。Itconsistsofseveralintegratedparts.它由幾個(gè)互相關(guān)聯(lián)的部分組成。Itisshapedlikeacircle.它的形狀像個(gè)圓。Itisflatinshapeandsmallinsize.它形狀扁平,體積小。Attachedtothebottomis.....與底部相連的是…...Unit5RevealingnatureSetOneVocabularyandReadingI.單詞拼寫1.Hiscriticismplantedthe_______________(種子，萌芽)ofdoubtsinmymind.2.Herperformanceinthetournamenthasbrought______________(丟臉，恥辱)onherteam.3.Thethreespecies_______________(進(jìn)化)fromasingleancestor.4.Ourdailylivesarerarelysimilartothoseofour_______________(祖先).5.Someanimalspossessthe_______________(特性，特征)ofmanduetotheirevolution.6.Thepolicyispartly_______________(責(zé)怪，指責(zé)；把…歸咎于)forcausingtheworstoutcome.7.Theconditionsinthecampwererather_________________(原始的，低等的),whichupsether.8.Thecontestwillbebroadcasttoa_______________(巨大的，特大的)TVscreenamileaway.9.The______________(嫌疑犯)wasarrestedunawares,withoutthechancetodisposeoftheevidence.10.Hisbookshavesoldmorethan20millioncopies________________(遍及全世界).11.Thisisthemost_______________(令人信服的)evidencethatIcanfindtoprovemypoint.12.Thepanda’snatural____________(棲息地)isthebambooforest.13.WhentheygottoBeijing,theyputdown___________(根)andbuiltalife.14.AsurveyoftheBritishdiethas_____________(顯示)thatagrowingnumberofpeopleoverweight.15.Themountainsrolledawaytoa_____________(遙遠(yuǎn)的)horizon.II.短語(yǔ)填空theanswerto,answerthecall,leadto,becrowdedwith,adaptto,beadisgrace,datebackto,accordingto,inquestion,cometoexist,ofalltime,onearth,firstchoice,avarietyof,upto,carryout,betoblamefor,bycontrast,inparticular,benativeto,behometo,beharmfulto,becharacteristicof,indecline1.Myfamilyhasamanuscript,whichissaidto________________________theMingDynasty.2.Youareexpectedto____________________withimmediateactionsassoonasyouareinformed.3.Whatwenton___________________________tothecompany.4.Hisnamewillliveinhistoryasoneofthegreatestwarriors__________________________.5.Thearticle____________________________usesavividexample.6.Thedoortohishouseusedto__________________________visitorsatdawn.7.Certainformsofknowledge__________________________incertainplaces.8.Hehastriedto_________________________localcustomswhicharedistinctfromhisnation’s.9.Basedontheirresearch,theexpertssuggestthatfarmersplant_________________cropsandnotjustdependonricewhenfacedwiththedeclineinproduction.10.Themotionoftheboatwillcreateastrongwind____________________mydata.11.Windmills___________________theislandlandscape,whichmakeitafarcryfromtheneighboringislands.12.Nowadaysit’sfearedthatthetraditionalfestivalsare___________________intheethnicgroup.13.Itistheythatshould___________________theirstupidmistake,whichwasdisgracetotheirteam.14.Thepolicehaven’treallydoneanythingyet___________________aboutthecybercrime.15.Heclaimssomeofthetelevisionadvertisements______________________children.III.翻譯句子1.雇主拒絕了這個(gè)主意，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為局勢(shì)太危險(xiǎn)。（judge+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）_______________________________________________________________________________2.盡管任務(wù)很難，我還是在截止時(shí)間前完成了。(as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)_______________________________________________________________________________3.你叔叔似乎病得很嚴(yán)重。(Itseemsthat…)_______________________________________________________________________________4.今年來(lái)人們已經(jīng)知道我們得睡眠時(shí)間已經(jīng)減少。(Ithasbeenknownthat…)_______________________________________________________________________________5.請(qǐng)用另一種方式回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)）_______________________________________________________________________________IV.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.V.七選五ApologizingtheRightWaytoaFriendWhyareapologiessodifficult?Sayingyouaresorrycanbethemostdifficultthingyoudo.Butweallmakemistakes,soyou’llprobablyhaveanoccasionwhenyouneedtoapologize.Perhapsyouhadblewupatsomeoneandrealizedlateryoureactedpoorly.1.Whateverthereason,apologizingcanhelpyoubothhealandmoveonfromthesituation.2.First,youacknowledgethatyoudidsomethingwrong.Withanapology,youtakeresponsibilityforyouractions,whichallowsyourfriendtoforgiveyou.Second,anapologygivesyousincerityasafriend.3,butthatdoesn’tmeanwestillshouldn’tapologize.Now,whatareelementsofaproperapology?4,dependingonwhattheoffensewas,whereitwasdone,andwhoyouareapologizingto.Ingeneral,agoodapologyshouldincludethefollowing:arequestfortheirattention,anacknowledgmentofwhathappened,sincerityinadmittingyoudidsomethingwrongandthewords“I’msorry”or“Iapologize”．Herearethingsnevertosaywhenapologizing.Notethattheartofapologizinginvolvestakingresponsibility.Neverapologizeasawayto“shutsomeoneup”whentheyaresayingyouhurttheirfeelingsandyoudon’tthinkyoudid.5,youshouldtalkthingsthroughwithyourfriendsuntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross.You’llreallyneedtoself-reflectsoyoucanseethingsfromyourfriend’spointofview.A．WhenyoumakeyourapologyinpersonB．IfyoureallybelieveyoudidnothingwrongC．ApologiesbenefitfriendshipsinavarietyofwaysD．ThewayyouapologizeisgoingtobeslightlydifferentE．Ormaybeyoujustdidn’tshowsupportwhenyouneededtoF．Apologizingtherightway,however,maytakealittlepracticeG．SometimesourpalsforgiveuseasilyfortheminorthingswedowrongSetTwo:GrammarandfunctionI.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.II.完形填空Myprevioushomehadastandofwoodsbehinditandmanyanimalsinthebackyard.Thatfirstyear,I1feedingpeanutstothebluejays,thenthesquirrels.Thesquirrelshadno2cominguprighttomeforthem.Asthemonthswentby,therabbitssawthatIwasno3anddidn’tescape.WhenIthrewcarrotslices(薄片)，theyevencameforanibble(啃).Slowlytheycameto4me,andbytheendoftheyeartheywereeatingoutofmyhand.Thatsecondyear,therabbits5me,andonewouldevensitupforslices!WhileIwasfeedingthem,I6thatagroundhogwhousedtorunawaywasnowtalkingan7interestinthisfoodsituation.Icarefullyextendedalong8,withakeeneyeonthoseteeth,and9,thereweretimesIwouldhavethegroundhogsittingnexttoarabbit,bothmunching(津津有味的咀嚼)Oncarrots.Afewmonthslater,while10,shewouldeventurnherbacktome.11Whenshewasfacingaway,Ireachedoutand12scratched（搔）herbackwithmyfinger,Shedidn’tmove.Byyearthree,therabbitsandthegroundhogwereback.Thegroundhog13didn’thaveaproblemwithmescratchingherback,andIgotanidea,I’dalways14,whileslicingupcarrots,thattheendlookedlikeacap.15oneday,justtoseewhatshewoulddo,Igently16oneontopofthegroundhog’shead.Again,nota17.Thenexttime,Ihadmycamerareadytorecordwhatyouseehere,oneofseveraldozensuchpictures,18shehadaslicetoeat,shenever19theoneofherhead.Itwasaf