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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南經(jīng)貿(mào)外事職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

2.Atfirst,thespeakerwasreferringtotheproblemofpollutioninthecountry,buthalfwayinherspeech,shesuddenly|(

)toanothersubject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.committed

B.switched

C.favored

D.transmitted

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。committo…“致力于…”;switchto…“轉(zhuǎn)換到...”;transmitto...“傳送到……”;favor不與tosth.搭配使用。句意:最開始演講者講述的是有關(guān)該國(guó)家環(huán)境污染的問題,但她演講到一半就突然轉(zhuǎn)到別的話題上去了。根據(jù)but和anothersubject“別的話題”可知,B項(xiàng)符合題意。故答案選B。

2.翻譯題

Francehasastrongregionalidentity.WhenaFrenchmantalksof”monpays"(mycountry),heismorelikelytobereferringtotheareainwhichhegrewupthantothenationasawhole.SoNormandy(諾曼底)remainsresolutelyNorman.Brittany(布列塔尼)defiantlyBreton,andthevillagesofthesouthdecidedlycontrary.

Andbecauseofthislocalsenseofbeing,thebakerfromanotherregionbeyondthehillswillberegardedasmuchofaforeignerasthewelcomevisitorfromoverseas,clutchingaguidebook.Andregionalprideguaranteesthatshopkeepers,restaurateursandeventheoldmanplayingpetanque(滾球游戲)onadustyvillagesquarewillupgradethewelcometoanystrangerifonlytoprovethattheirregionistheonlytrueFrance.

You'llsoondiscoverthat,asmuchasthelandscape,itisthelocalfoodthatdefineseachregionofFrance.Chanceencountersaresometimesthebest一comingacrossastrawberryfairinthenorth,oranolivemarketinthesouth;happeninguponmonkstendingtheirvinesinawalledclos(莊園)fillingcuppedpalmsandanysparebottleswithmineralwaterinaspa-resort(溫泉?jiǎng)俚兀?;orwatchingthemorningcatchspillontoaharborquayside(碼頭區(qū)).

【答案】法國(guó)每個(gè)區(qū)域都有其強(qiáng)烈的特色。當(dāng)一個(gè)法國(guó)人談起“我的國(guó)家”,他很有可能指的是他所成長(zhǎng)的區(qū)域,而非整個(gè)法國(guó)。因此諾曼底人一定會(huì)說起諾曼底區(qū),布列塔尼人會(huì)直率的指出他是來自布列塔尼區(qū),以及所有南方地區(qū)的村莊都是如此。

正因?yàn)閰^(qū)域意識(shí)的存在,從山的另一邊的區(qū)域而來的面包師會(huì)被當(dāng)?shù)厝水?dāng)作手持旅行指南的外國(guó)人,或是受歡迎的海外觀光客。區(qū)域的自豪感使得店主和飯店老板,甚至是正在滿是灰塵的廣場(chǎng)上玩滾球游戲的老人,都會(huì)增加對(duì)任何一個(gè)陌生人的歡迎程度,只要能證明他們所在的區(qū)域才是真正的法國(guó)。

你很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),和地圖一樣,每個(gè)地區(qū)的食物將每個(gè)地區(qū)區(qū)分開來。有時(shí)偶然碰上的反而是最好的!比如你在北部偶遇的草莓集市,或是在南部發(fā)現(xiàn)的橄欖集市;又比如碰巧在圍墻內(nèi)的莊園中遇見僧人正在照料葡萄藤,葡萄遍布在凹陷的棕櫚植物中間,或是品嘗了在溫泉?jiǎng)俚刂杏枚嘤嗟钠孔邮⒌牡V泉水;又比如你恰巧看到清晨在碼頭區(qū)打撈后的漏網(wǎng)之魚。

3.單選題

SometimesindrawinganddesigningthesignX()theunknownnumber.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitates

B.fascinates

C.denotes

D.jots

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。facilitate使容易,推動(dòng);fascinate使著迷,使神魂顛倒;denote指示,表

示;jot略記,摘要記錄下來。句意:有時(shí)候,在繪制和設(shè)計(jì)中,X()未知的數(shù)字。因此,C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

4.單選題

Hisworkshedprovocativeyetnecessarylightonanimportantwaytoslowthespreadofthisvirus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provisional

B.seductive

C.disturbing

D.insulting

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:他的工作就是著手放緩這種病毒的傳播。

provisional:臨時(shí)的,暫定的。seductive:誘人的,有魅力的。disturbing:干擾的,令人不安的,騷擾的(與畫線詞provocative:挑釁的,煽動(dòng)的,意思相近)。insulting:侮辱的,無禮的。

5.單選題

Altruism,otherwiseknownashelpingbehavior,canbedefinedasbehaviorthatpromotesthewellbeingofotherswithoutconsciouslytakingaccountofself-interest.Batsonetal.statethat“egoisticallymotivatedhelpingisdirectedtowardtheend-stategoalofincreasingthe(

)ownwelfare”,while“altruisticallymotivatedhelpingisdirectedtowardtheend-stateofincreasingthe(

)welfare”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.helper’s...other’s

B.other’s...helper’s

C.helper’s...another’s

D.another’s...other’s

【答案】A

【解析】考查代詞用法。表語空格處句意:利己主義者關(guān)心的是施助者的利益,利他主義者則關(guān)注他人的利益。先排除B和D選項(xiàng)。another“另一個(gè)”,不與定冠詞the連用,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Beefcattle______ofalllivestockforeconomicgrowthinthecertaingeographicregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themostareimportant

B.arethemostimportant

C.isthemostimportant

D.thataremostimportant

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子成分。句意:在某些地區(qū),肉牛是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)最重要的牲畜。根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)為主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語結(jié)構(gòu),所以用be動(dòng)詞;根據(jù)cattle是集合名詞確定用復(fù)數(shù)形式;根據(jù)形容詞最高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)為themost+adj.確定用themostimportant,所以B選項(xiàng)arethemostimportant符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

I(

)severalinterestingfactsaboutMexicointhatbook.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameto

B.cameinto

C.cameover

D.cameacross

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我在那本書中無意發(fā)現(xiàn)了有關(guān)墨西哥的幾個(gè)有趣的事實(shí)。

考查短語辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語的過去式。cometo想起,共計(jì),蘇醒,來到;comeinto進(jìn)入,得到(財(cái)產(chǎn));come過來,順便來訪,抓??;comeacross偶遇,無意中發(fā)現(xiàn),講得清楚明白。由關(guān)鍵信息“severalinterestingfactsaboutMexico”可知D符合句意。

8.單選題

Mostgeologistsbelieve()fromtheremainsoftinymarineplantsandanimalsthatdiedmillionsofyearsago.?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatpetroleumwasformed

B.whatwasformedpetroleum

C.whenpetroleumformed

D.petroleumthatformed

【答案】A

【解析】考查賓語從句。BCD三項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與句意不符。A項(xiàng)用that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。句意:大多數(shù)地質(zhì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為石油是從微小的海洋植物和幾百萬年前死掉的動(dòng)物的遺骸中形成的

9.寫作題

Directions:Inthispart,youareaskedtowriteacompositiononthetitleof"EffectofResearchorStudyEventonMyLaterLifeandWork",withnolessthan200Englishwords.YourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninEnglish.PutyourcompositiononAnswerSheet2.

1.Whatisthemostunforgettableeventinyourresearchorstudy?

2.Whyisitsounforgettable?

3.Whatistheeffectoftheresearchorstudyeventonyourlaterlifeandwork?

【答案】略

10.單選題

Thecrowdcheeredin(

)whentheplayerscaughttheball.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recognition

B.appreciation

C.interaction

D.participation

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。recognition“識(shí)別;承認(rèn),認(rèn)出;”;appreciation“欣賞,鑒別;感謝”;interaction“相互作用”;participation“參與;分享;參股”。根據(jù)cheer與caughttheball可知觀眾是因?yàn)榍虮唤幼g呼,對(duì)球員表示贊賞,因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。句意:當(dāng)球員接住球時(shí),觀眾歡呼表示贊賞。

11.單選題

Oursisasocietythattriestokeeptheworldsharplydividedintomasculineandfeminine,notbecausethatisthewaytheworldis,butbecausethatisthewaywebelieveitshouldbe.Ittakesunwaveringbeliefandconsiderableefforttokeepthisdivision.Italsoleadsustomakesomefairlyfoolishjudgments,particularlyaboutlanguage.

Becausewethinkthatlanguagealsoshouldbedividedintomasculineandfemininewehavebecomeveryskilledatignoringanythingthatwillnotfitourpreconceptions.Wewouldratherchangewhatwehearthanchangeourideasaboutthegenderdivisionoftheworld.Wewillcallassertivegirlsunfeminine,andsupportiveboyseffeminate,andtrytochangethemwhilestillretainingourstereotypesofmasculineandfemininetalk.

Thisiswhysomeresearchonsexdifferencesandlanguagehasbeensointeresting.Itisanillustrationofhowwrongwecanbe.Ofthemanyinvestigatorswhosetouttofindthestereotypedsexdifferencesinlanguage,fewhavehadanypositiveresults.Itseemsthatourimagesofserioustaciturn(沉默的)malespeakersandgossipygarrulous(饒舌)femalespeakersarejustthat:images.

Manymythsassociatedwithmasculineandfemininetalkhavehadtobediscardedasmoreresearchhasbeenundertaken.Iffemalesdousemoretrivialwordsthanmales,stoptalkinginmid-sentence,ortalkaboutthesamethingsoverandoveragain,theydonotdoitwheninvestigatorsarearound.

Noneofthesecharacteristicsoffemalespeechhavebeenfound.Andevenwhensexdifferenceshavebeenfound,thequestionarisesastowhetherthedifferenceisintheeye-orear-ofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage.

Pitchprovidesoneexample.Webelievethatmalesweremeanttotalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices.Wealsobelievethatlowpitchismoredesirable.Well,ithasbeenfoundthatthisdifferencecannotbeexplainedbyanatomy.

Ifmalesdonotspeakinhighpitchedvoices,itisnotusuallybecausetheyareunabletodoso.Thereasonismorelikelytobethattherearepenalties.Maleswithhighpitchedvoicesareoftentheobjectofridicule.Butpitchisnotanabsolute,forwhatisconsideredtherightpitchformalesvariesfromcountrytocountry.

1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.

2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?

3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?

5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assertive

B.snobbish

C.approving

D.critical

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Unfeminine.

B.Powerful.

C.Obedient.

D.Unmasculine.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguage

B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoices

C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustrated

D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguage

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.

B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.

C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.

D.Noneoftheabove.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.malesareunabletodoso

B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedat

C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeech

D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemales

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Thepassageimpliesthattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedivisionoffemininetalkandmasculinetalkis______.1.這篇文章暗示了作者對(duì)女性話語和男性話語劃分的態(tài)度是______。

A.assertiveA.肯定的,獨(dú)斷的

B.snobbishB.勢(shì)利的

C.approvingC.贊成的

D.criticalD.批判的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“要保持這種劃分,需要堅(jiān)定的信念和相當(dāng)大的努力(considerableeffort)。它也會(huì)讓我們做出一些相當(dāng)愚蠢(fairlyfoolish)的判斷,尤其是在語言方面。”,從considerable和fairlyfoolish可以看出,作者對(duì)于男性和女性語言上的劃分是批判的態(tài)度。因此,D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“肯定的,獨(dú)斷的”、B選項(xiàng)“勢(shì)利的”曲解原文;

C選項(xiàng)“贊成的”與原文相反,反向干擾。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whatdoestheword“effeminate”(Para2)mean?2.第二段中的effeminate是什么意思?

A.Unfeminine.A.不像女性的。

B.Powerful.B.強(qiáng)大的。

C.Obedient.C.順從的。

D.Unmasculine.D.無男子漢氣概的。

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)effeminate定位至第二段最后一句“我們會(huì)說自信的女孩是非女性化的(unfeminine),能給予支持和幫助的男孩是effeminate,并試圖改變他們,同時(shí)仍然保留我們的男性和女性談話的刻板印象”,從中可知,effeminate與unfeminine是相對(duì)應(yīng)的,自信的女生被認(rèn)為是非女性化,那么能給予支持和幫助的男孩會(huì)被認(rèn)為非男性化,所以推測(cè)effeminate表示“非男性化”的意思。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“不像女性的”與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)大的”、C選項(xiàng)“順從的”屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Theauthorusespitchasanexampleinordertoindicate______.3.作者以音高為例來表示______。

A.thatpitchisnotagoodexampletoexplainthesexdifferencesinlanguageA.這個(gè)音高并不能很好地解釋語言中的性別差異

B.thatmalesshouldtalkinlowpitchedvoicesandfemalesinhighpitchedvoicesB.男性應(yīng)該用低音調(diào)說話,女性應(yīng)該用高音調(diào)說話

C.thatsexdifferencesinlanguagecannotbewellillustratedC.語言中的性別差異無法很好地說明

D.thatsexdifferenceslieineyeorearofthebeholder,ratherthaninthelanguageD.性別差異在于觀察者的眼睛或耳朵,而不是語言

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞pitch定位至倒數(shù)第二段,該段講述了以pitch為例的內(nèi)容:我們習(xí)慣認(rèn)為男性是低音調(diào),女性是高音調(diào),但是解剖學(xué)也無法解釋這種音高差異;也就是說音高中的性別差異無法很好地說明。然后看到上一段講到“這些女性語言特征都沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。即使已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了性別差異,問題還是出在觀察者的眼睛上或者耳朵上,而不是語言上?!保芍词怪懒诵詣e差異,也是我們的眼睛或者耳朵發(fā)現(xiàn)的,并不能從語言上來很好區(qū)分,作者以pitch為例就是做一個(gè)類比,所以同樣地,語言中的性別差異也無法很好地說明。C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)音高并不能很好地解釋語言中的性別差異”并不是作者以音高為例的目的,張冠李戴;

B選項(xiàng)“男性應(yīng)該用低音調(diào)說話,女性應(yīng)該用高音調(diào)說話”并不是使用音高作為例子的目的,屬于曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“性別差異在于觀察者的眼睛或耳朵,而不是語言”也與題干無關(guān),張冠李戴。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtothestereotypeoffemininetalk?4.以下哪一項(xiàng)不屬于女性談話的刻板印象?

A.Alwaysusingtrivialwords.A.總是使用瑣碎的詞匯。

B.Repeatthesamethingoverandover.B.一遍又一遍地重復(fù)同樣的事情。

C.Stoptalkingwhenthesentenceisnotfinished.C.句子還沒說完就停止說話。

D.Noneoftheabove.D.以上都不是。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“如果女性確實(shí)比男性使用更多的瑣碎詞匯,或者在句子中間停止說話,或者一遍又一遍地談?wù)撏瑯拥氖虑?,?dāng)調(diào)查人員在場(chǎng)時(shí),她們就不會(huì)這樣做”,以及第四段第一句“這些女性語言特征(characteristicsoffemale)都沒有被發(fā)現(xiàn)”,綜合理解可知,女性語言特征是使用更多的瑣碎詞匯、話沒說完就停止說話和不斷談?wù)撏瑯拥氖虑?,這是我們對(duì)女性談話的刻板印象。只有D項(xiàng)“以上都不是”明顯和原文相悖,但符合題意,故選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“總是使用瑣碎的詞匯”、B選項(xiàng)“一遍又一遍地重復(fù)同樣的事情”、C選項(xiàng)“句子還沒說完就停止說話”均符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.Malesdonotspeakloudlybecause______.5.男性不大聲說話是因?yàn)開_____。

A.malesareunabletodosoA.男性不能這樣做

B.malesareafraidofbeinglaughedatB.男性害怕被嘲笑

C.highpitchisacharacteristicoffemalespeechratherthanmalespeechC.高音是女性說話的特點(diǎn),而不是男性說話的特點(diǎn)

D.anatomyhasprovedthatmalestendtohavelowerpitchesthanfemalesD.解剖學(xué)證明,男性的音高往往比女性低

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至文章最后一段“如果男性沒有高聲說話,通常并不是因?yàn)樗麄儾荒苓@樣做。原因更有可能是處罰(penalties)。嗓音尖的男性常成為嘲笑(ridicule)的對(duì)象?!?,綜合理解可知,男性不會(huì)高聲說話的原因是他們怕被別人嘲笑,B項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“男性不能這樣做”與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“高音是女性說話的特點(diǎn),而不是男性說話的特點(diǎn)”是男性被嘲笑的原因,而不是不能高聲說話的原因,屬于張冠李戴;

D選項(xiàng)“解剖學(xué)證明,男性的音高往往比女性低”定位至倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“人們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種差異無法用解剖學(xué)來解釋”,其中差異指的是音高差異,可知該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

12.單選題

Grainproductionintheworldis(

),butstillmillionsgohungry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.staggering

B.shrinking

C.soaring

D.suspending

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。stagger“蹣跚,使交錯(cuò)”;shrink“收縮”;suspend“延緩,推遲”,soar“高漲”。句意:世界的糧食產(chǎn)量正在上漲,但是成百萬人仍在挨餓。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

He(

)hisassistanttopickuptheplansfromtheoffice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispose

B.dispensed

C.dispatched

D.dispersed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞此詞義辨析。dispose“處理;安排”;dispense“分發(fā);分發(fā);免除;執(zhí)行”;dispatch“派遣;發(fā)送;分派”;disperse“分散;使散開;傳播”。句意:他派助手去辦公室取方案。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Firstthegoodnews:9in10peoplesaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobsorworkthattheydo-andthatremainedsteadythroughout2008,despitetheeconomy.Andnowthebad,evenifitsnotsosurprising:Thenumberofpeoplewhosaidtheiremployerreducedthesizeoftheworkforcerosedramaticallyduringtheyear,from15%inthefirstquarterto23%inthefourthquarter.

That’saccordingtoasurveyfromGallupandhealthmanagementcompanyHealthways.Nearlyeachdayin2008,about1,000adultswereaskedabouttheirphysical,emotional,economicandworkplacewell-being.Whenitcametotheirworkenvironment,manyofthe355,334peoplesurveyedbyphonewerepositive.Butthereweresomelaborpains.

Just47%ofrespondentsfromHawaiisaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,usedtheirstrengthsatwork,weretreatedbyasupervisorasapartnerandworkedinan“open,trustingenvironment”.Thatwasthelowestscoreofanystateonaworkenvironmentindexthatwascompiledbycalculatingpositiveresponsesinthosefourareas.Utahnabbedtophonors,with59%ofitsrespondentssayingthosefourelementswereprevalentinworklives.AmongthebiggestdifferencesbetweenUtahandHawaii:73%ofUtahrespondentssaidtheirsupervisorcreatedatrustingenvironment,whileonly58%offolksinHawaiifeltthatway.Thenationalaveragewas65%.TheGallup—HealthwaysAHIPCongressionalReportdidn’tofferanyinsightsintowhyUtahruledandHawaiirankedsopoorlyontheworkplacefront.

Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.“Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat,”saysJimHarter,achiefscientistofworkplaceandwell-beingatGallup.

Utahhasdonewellinseparateworkplacestudies,aswell.Afterconsideringfactorssuchasunemploymentrate,jobgrowth,incomegrowth,medianhouseholdincomeandthecostofliving,Moody’sEnameditscapital,SaltLakeCity,thebestU.S.citytoworkinfor2007and2008.Butthoseglorydayshavefaded,saysGusFaucher,Moody’sEdirectorofmacroeconomics.Utah’shousingboomturnedintoabustlaterthanmoststates.ThenationalrecessionbeganinDecember2007,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.SaltLakeCity’srecessionbeganinNovember2008,accordingtoMoody’sE.

Fromanon-economicangle,FauchersayshecanseewhyUtahwouldearnstrongmarksontheworkfront.“ThestateisreallyMormon,sothereisasenseofsolidarity”amongmanyemployees,hesays.“Peoplefeelveryconnectedtoeachother.”Also,withitshighbirthrate,Utahhasarobustpopulationofyoungeremployeeswhooftenaddenthusiasmtotheworkplace,Fauchersays.That’sthecaseattheWasatchMusicCoachingAcademyinSaltLakeCity,schoolownerDavidMurphysays.Mostinstructorsarebetween22and35yearsoldandareextremelypassionateandexcitedaboutteachingstudents,hesays.Murphy,52,whosayshehasa“dream”job,takesacollaborativeapproachinmanagingallstaffers,“Iseemyselfworkingsidebysidewithmystaff,notovermystaff.”

1.Whatcanweinferfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

2.FromParagraph4,wecaninferallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.

3.TheauthormentionsseveralfactorsthatwillaffectthehappinessofpeopleEXCEPT:______.

4.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

5.WhycouldUtahearnstrongmarksontheworkfront?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomyof2008wasstillsteady.

B.Morepeoplehadtochangetheirjobs.

C.FromJan.toApr.,about54,000peoplelosttheirjobs.

D.Mostofthepeoplesurveyedfelthopeless.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hawaii’sresidentsmayfeelmorerelaxed

B.theword“paradise”mayrefertoHawaii

C.peoplemaypreferlivinginHawaiitoworkingthere

D.JimHartermaybeascientistinHawaii

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Physicalhealth

B.Psychologicalcondition

C.Placestheycomefrom

D.Workingenvironment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.SaltLakeCityisthebestplacetoworkinforever.

B.Utah’seconomyneverencounteredrecession.

C.Hawaiiisabestplaceforentertainmentandwork.

D.ManycitiesintheUnitedStateshaveencounteredeconomicdepression.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thesenseofsolidarityandpassionsofyoungemployees.

B.Goodregulationssetbythegovernment.

C.Favoriteclimate.

D.Goodgeographicallocation.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“2008年的經(jīng)濟(jì)保持穩(wěn)定”,可以定位到文章第一段第一句9in10peoplesaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobsorworkthattheydo-andthatremainedsteadythroughout2008.(90%的人說他們對(duì)自己的工作或目前的工作感到滿意,而且在整個(gè)2008年這一比例都保持穩(wěn)定),2008年,90%對(duì)工作滿意度呈平穩(wěn)趨勢(shì),可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“更多的人不得不換工作”,可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thenumberofpeoplewhosaidtheiremployerreducedthesizeoftheworkforcerosedramaticallyduringtheyear,from15%inthefirstquarterto23%inthefourthquarter.(今年,聲稱雇主裁員的人數(shù)大幅上升,從第一季度的15%上升到第四季度的23%),雇主削減了勞動(dòng)力規(guī)模的人數(shù)在今年大幅上升,可以推測(cè)更多的人不得不更換工作,B選項(xiàng)正確。C選項(xiàng)“從1月到4月,大約有54000人失業(yè)”,文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)接受調(diào)查的人感到絕望”,文章提到許多人對(duì)工作環(huán)境持肯定態(tài)度,因此大多數(shù)人不會(huì)感到絕望,可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干我們可以定位到文章第四段。D選項(xiàng)“吉姆?哈特可能是夏威夷的科學(xué)家”,文章第四段沒有提到此內(nèi)容,D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“夏威夷的居民可能會(huì)感到更放松”,可以定位到第四段第一句Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.(夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首),文章所說夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首,也就是夏威夷的居民會(huì)感到放松,A選項(xiàng)排除。B選項(xiàng)“天堂這個(gè)詞可能指的是夏威夷”,可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.(在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好),可以推測(cè)天堂也就是代指前面的夏威夷,B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“人們可能更喜歡住在夏威夷而不是在那里工作”,可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.(在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好),也就是夏威夷不太適合工作,C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。C選項(xiàng)“他們來自哪里”,文章沒有提到,他們來自哪里會(huì)影響他們的幸福感,C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“身體健康”,可以定位到第四段第一句Hawaii’sresidentstooktheNo.1slotinanothertwosurveyareas,emotionalhealthandlivingconditions.(夏威夷居民在情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首),情緒健康和生活條件這兩個(gè)調(diào)查領(lǐng)域也名列榜首,也就是身體健康會(huì)影響人們的幸福感,A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“心理狀態(tài)”,心理狀態(tài)會(huì)影響人們的幸福感,B選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“工作環(huán)境”,可以定位到文章第三段第一句Just47%ofrespondentsfromHawaiisaidtheyweresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,usedtheirstrengthsatwork,weretreatedbyasupervisorasapartnerandworkedinan“open,trustingenvironment”(在夏威夷的受訪者中,只有47%的人對(duì)自己的工作感到滿意,在工作中發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢(shì),被上司視為合作伙伴,在一個(gè)“開放、信任的環(huán)境”中工作),文章提到在“開放、信任的環(huán)境”中工作,會(huì)對(duì)工作感到滿意,人們的幸福感也就會(huì)提升,D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)許多城市都遭遇了經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條”,文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句ThenationalrecessionbeganinDecember2007,accordingtotheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.(根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局的數(shù)據(jù),這場(chǎng)全國(guó)性的衰退始于2007年12月),也就是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)歷了全國(guó)大蕭條,D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“鹽湖城永遠(yuǎn)是最好的工作場(chǎng)所”,文章倒數(shù)第二段第五句SaltLakeCity,thebestU.S.citytoworkinfor2007(鹽湖城評(píng)為2007年美國(guó)最適宜工作的城市),沒有提到是永遠(yuǎn)適宜工作的地點(diǎn),A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“猶他州的經(jīng)濟(jì)從未遭遇過衰退”,可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句Utah’shousingboomturnedintoabustlaterthanmoststates.(猶他州的房地產(chǎn)泡沫破滅的時(shí)間比大多數(shù)州都晚),但并不是從沒有經(jīng)歷衰退,B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“夏威夷是娛樂和工作的最佳場(chǎng)所”,可以定位到文章第四段第二句Maybehavingajobwhileyou’reinparadisemaynotbeallthatgreat.(在天堂擁有一份工作可能不是那么地好),可推測(cè)夏威夷可能不太適合工作,C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通過題干我們可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Also,withitshighbirthrate,Utahhasarobustpopulationofyoungeremployeeswhooftenaddenthusiasmtotheworkplace(此外,由于猶他州的高出生率,年輕員工的數(shù)量也非常多,他們經(jīng)常為工作增添熱情),這也就是猶他州能夠獲得高分的原因。A選項(xiàng)“年輕員工的團(tuán)結(jié)感和激情”符合文章內(nèi)容,A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“政府制定的良好規(guī)章制度”,文中沒有提到此內(nèi)容,B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“最喜歡的氣候”,氣候并不是造成猶他州取得高分的原因,C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“地理位置優(yōu)越”,文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto________someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overturn

B.overtake

C.offset

D.oppress

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“推翻”;B選項(xiàng)“超過”;C選項(xiàng)“抵消,彌補(bǔ)”;D選項(xiàng)“壓迫”。句意:然而金屬制品工業(yè)能夠()鋼鐵工業(yè)的衰退。由于金屬制成品產(chǎn)業(yè)和鋼鐵工業(yè)不存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系,甚至?xí)嬖谀撤N互補(bǔ)關(guān)系,所以A,B,D排除,答案選C。

16.單選題

Millionsofpeoplewere()partiallyorwhollydestitute(貧窮)duringthecivilwar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprived

B.rendered

C.become

D.ruined

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:deprive“剝奪”;B:render“使成為”;C:become“變成”;D:ruin“毀滅”。句意:戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間,數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的人民都淪落到啼饑號(hào)寒或一貧如洗的地步。根據(jù)語境和句意可知B為正確答案。

17.單選題

Evensensiblemendo()thingssometimes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.acute

D.apt

【答案】B

【解析】abrupt生硬的,唐突的;absurd荒謬的,可笑的;acute嚴(yán)重的,激烈的;apt恰當(dāng)?shù)?,靈敏的。句意:即使明智的人有時(shí)也會(huì)做荒唐的事。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

18.單選題

Maryisfinegirleventhoughshe'ssometimesabruptinmanner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.devious

B.brusque

C.shrew

D.irritable

【答案】B

【解析】句意:瑪麗是個(gè)好女孩,雖然她有時(shí)舉止粗魯。abrupt意為“生硬的,唐突的,粗魯?shù)摹evious偏僻的,彎曲的;brusque唐突的,直率的,無禮的;shrew潑婦,悍婦;irritable急躁的,易怒的。選項(xiàng)B與之意思最為相近。

19.單選題

Toavoidanoilshortage,weshouldadvocatethatmoremachinesmust(

)solarenergyinashorttime,andthismadeothersastonished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accelerate

B.operate

C.generate

D.utilize

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Accelerate“加速”;operate“運(yùn)行”;generate“產(chǎn)生”;

Utilize“利用”。句意:為了避免石油不足,我們應(yīng)該倡導(dǎo)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)機(jī)器使用太陽能。這種想法讓其他人感到震驚。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

20.單選題

“Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,”sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.“Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,”declaredsociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversitywhoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmonths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Themarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,“It’sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.”Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimesandleftthreetimes.“WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem,”sheexplains.“HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses.”

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith“asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.().

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesforyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat().

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoing

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparents

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrownup.

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.______.1.作者認(rèn)為,在美國(guó),______曾經(jīng)是一種趨勢(shì)。

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependentlyA.年輕人離開父母獨(dú)立生活

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparentsB.讓中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人和父母住在一起

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsenceC.已婚青年在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間離家后搬回家住

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparentsD.年輕人為了和父母住在一起而在附近找工作

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的第一句“有一種毫無意義的觀念認(rèn)為孩子們長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)在18歲時(shí)離開家(Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey’re18)……”可推斷,美國(guó)以前的觀念認(rèn)為孩子們長(zhǎng)大后,會(huì)在18歲時(shí)離開家,A項(xiàng)“年輕人離開父母獨(dú)立生活”符合這一分析。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“讓中產(chǎn)階級(jí)年輕人和父母住在一起”和C項(xiàng)“已婚青年在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間離家后搬回家住”是現(xiàn)在的趨勢(shì),而不是過去的趨勢(shì),屬于反向干擾;

D項(xiàng)“年輕人為了和父母住在一起而在附近找工作”沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?2.以下哪項(xiàng)不能解釋年輕人返巢的情況?

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.A.年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)住房成本太高。

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.B.年輕人在心理和智力上都不成熟。

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.C.年輕人尋求父母的安慰和精神支持。

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.D.相當(dāng)多的年輕人在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段,該段講述了年輕人返巢的各種原因:結(jié)婚年齡在上升,這使得家庭及其溫馨對(duì)年輕人特別有吸引力。高離婚率和不斷下降的再婚率正把經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)、感情受到傷害的幸存者送回父母的避難所。對(duì)一些人來說,離家上大學(xué)的費(fèi)用太大了,以至于許多學(xué)生現(xiàn)在在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)。即使在畢業(yè)后,年輕人也發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的翅膀被飛漲的房?jī)r(jià)所束縛。理解可知,年輕人返巢的原因包括結(jié)婚年齡的上升、尋求父母的安慰、在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)以及住房成本高,只有B項(xiàng)“年輕人在心理和智力上都不成熟”在文中沒有提到。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)住房成本太高”、C項(xiàng)“年輕人尋求父母的安慰和精神支持”和D項(xiàng)“相當(dāng)多的年輕人在當(dāng)?shù)厣蠈W(xué)”根據(jù)解題思路可知,符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesforyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat______.3.對(duì)于回到父母家的年輕人來說,其中一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是______。

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylifeA.在日常生活中難免會(huì)有不便

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeepabiggerfamilygoingB.大多數(shù)父母發(fā)現(xiàn)維持一個(gè)大家庭很難

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparentsC.年輕人往往受到父母的過度保護(hù)

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparentsD.公眾輿論反對(duì)年輕人和父母住在一起

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第三和第四句“共享家庭需要所有人做出調(diào)整。還有關(guān)于浴室、電話和隱私的爭(zhēng)論?!保瑥闹锌芍?,年輕人和父母住在一起,日常生活中難免會(huì)有不便之處,A項(xiàng)符合題意,故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)父母發(fā)現(xiàn)維持一個(gè)大家庭很難”、C項(xiàng)“年輕人往往受到父母的過度保護(hù)”和D項(xiàng)“公眾輿論反對(duì)年輕人和父母住在一起”在原文中都沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?4.根據(jù)文章,什么對(duì)父母和孩子都最好?

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.A.他們應(yīng)該調(diào)整自己以分擔(dān)家庭開支。

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhent

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