考研考博-英語-廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

IfacontemporaryRipVanWinklehadsleptforfortyyearsandawakenedtoday,hewouldhavetogobacktoschoolbeforehecouldunderstandadailynewspaperoramagazine.Hewouldneverhaveheardofatomicbombs,babysitters,flyingsaucersorcontactlenses,orofmambo,microfilm,nylons,orsmog.

ManynewwordshavebeenaddedtotheEnglishlanguageinthepastfortyyears;andsinceShakespeare’stimethenumberofwordsinthelanguagehasincreasedmorethanfivetimes,fromabout140,000tosomewherebetween700,000and800,000.Mostofthesenewwordshavenotcomefromborrowing,butfromthenaturalgrowthoflanguage.

Thelanguagehasalwayschanged,buttherateofchangehasbeenuneven;minorchangeshaveslowlyaccumulatedineverygeneration,buttherehavebeenperiodsofrapidchangeaswell.Themostimportantoftheseperiodsoccurredduringthetwohundredandfiftyyearsafter1066,theyeartheNormansconqueredEngland.Beforetheconquest,theinhabitantsofEnglishspokeAnglo-Saxon,acomplexGermaniclanguage.TheNormanswereNorsemenwhosettledinnorthernFranceinthetenthcenturyandby1066werespeakingaformofFrench.AftertheirconquestofEnglandtheyinstitutedNormanFrenchasthedominantlanguage—thelanguageoftheupperclasses,oflaw,ofgovernmentandofsuchcommerceastherewas.

Nevertheless,themasswentrightonspeakingAnglo-Saxonandreestablisheditselfasthelanguageoftheupperclasses,asEnglish,andhaditbecomeaflexible,exact,splendidandmovinginstrumentofexpression.NormanFrench,meanwhile,hadbecomesomethingcomicspokenbythevillainsintheoldmysteryplaysjustforalaugh.

Theseventeenthandeighteenthcenturies,duringwhichprintingbecomeestablished,sawthestabilizationofspellingand,moreimportant,theestablishmentofcoloniesinAmerica.Immediatelythelanguageofthenewworldandthatoftheoldworldbegantodrawapart.Inwriting,too,achangehastakenplace.TheuseofthecolloquialinAmericanwritingisincreasingratherthandiminishing.Theincreasinguseofthecolloquialinourwritingisaninterestingchangethatisboundtohavefar-reachingconsequences.

Theenormousenlargementofourvocabulary,theincreasinguseofourwritingofthespokenidiom,andchangesinourpronunciationarenottheonlychangesthattakingplace,however.Therehavealsobeensignificantgrammaticalalternationsinourlanguage.Suchchangestakeplaceonlybygenerationsordecadesatthefastest,sotheypassunnoticedbyallbutgrammarians;yeteventhelaymancanperceivethemwhenheistoldthatsomethingseems"quiteallright"tohimthatregardedaserroneousonlyafewyearsago.

Nobodyknowswhyallthesechangesarebeingmade,perhapsweareintheprocessofreducingourverbstoafewbasicwords.Ifthisisso,itmaymarkachangeassignificantasthattookplaceaftertheNormanconquest.

Whateverthereasonsforthechangesthataretakingplace,thevocabularywillprobablycontinuetoexpand,becausetheexpansionofourknowledgeandexperiencerequirestheinventionofnewwordsortheadaptationofoldones.Meaningwilldependmoreandmoreuponwordorderandcontext,andspellingwillbecomesimpler,withfewercommonvariants.Pronunciation,becauseofthegreatmobilityofourpopulationandthespreadofradioandtelevision,willtendtobecomemoreuniform.

1.Whatwillprobablyhappentothevocabularyaccordingtotheauthor?

2.ThemostimportantchangeoflanguageinEnglandafter1066wasthat（）.

3.Whydidgrammaticalalterationchangestakeplaceunnoticed?

4.Whyareallthesechangesbeingmade?

5.Accordingtothispassage,mostofthenewwordsarefrom（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themeaningwilldependmoreandmoreuponwordorder.

B.Thespellingwillbecomesimpler.

C.Theamountofvocabularywillcontinuetoexpand.

D.Allofabove.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ThepeopleinEnglandcan’tspeakAngloSaxon

B.TheofficiallanguagehaschangefromAnglo-SaxonlanguagetoNormanFrench

C.TheAnglo-Saxonwasinstitutedasthedominantlanguage

D.ThemasseswentonspeakingNormanFrench

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausethechangesgraduallytakeplacebygenerationsordecades.

B.Becausegrammaticalalterationsarenotimportantcomparedwiththeotherchanges.

C.Becauseonlygrammarianscanperceivethealteration.

D.Becausethelaymancannotperceivethealternations.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Inordertomeettherequirementofthedevelopmentoflanguage.

B.Becauseweneedtochangethelanguagetocopewithgrammar.

C.Nobodyknowstheexactreasons.

D.Becauseweareintheprocessofreducingourverbstoafewbasicwords.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.borrowing

B.thenaturalgrowthoflanguage

C.combinationoftwooldwords

D.dailynewspaperormagazine

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，詞匯可能會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化？”文章最后一段第一句話提到“詞匯量可能繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大”（thevocabularywillprobablycontinuetoexpand），因此可知選項(xiàng)C表述正確；接下來提到“意義將越來越取決于詞序和上下文，并且拼寫將變得簡(jiǎn)單”（Meaningwilldependmoreandmoreuponwordorderandcontext,andspellingwillbecomesimpler,withfewercommonvariants），因此可知選項(xiàng)A與B表述正確。綜上，選項(xiàng)D“以上都是”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“1066年以后，英國(guó)最重要的語言變化是……”文章第四段第一句話提到“盡管如此，大眾還是繼續(xù)說盎格魯-薩克遜語，并且將它重建為上層階級(jí)的語言”（Nevertheless,themasswentrightonspeakingAnglo-Saxonandreestablisheditselfasthelanguageoftheupperclasses），因此選項(xiàng)C“盎格魯-薩克遜被設(shè)置成主導(dǎo)語言”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為什么語法上的變化不被注意？”文章第六段提到“這樣的變化（指語法變化）最快也不過幾代人或幾十年，所以除了語法學(xué)家，其他人都沒有注意到”（Suchchangestakeplaceonlybygenerationsordecadesatthefastest,sotheypassunnoticedbyallbutgrammarians），因此選項(xiàng)A“因?yàn)樽兓窃趲状嘶驇资昀锇l(fā)生”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為什么做這些改變？”文章倒數(shù)第二段提到“沒有人知道為什么做出這些改變”（Nobodyknowswhyallthesechangesarebeingmade），因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知，大部分新單詞來源于……”文章第二段最后一句話提到“這些新詞大多不是借用而來，而是從語言的自然發(fā)展中來的”（Mostofthesenewwordshavenotcomefromborrowing,butfromthenaturalgrowthoflanguage），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Inrecentyears,moreandmoreforeignersareinvolvedintheteachingprogramsoftheuniversities.Boththeadvantagesandthedisadvantages（1）.usingfacultyfromforeigncountries（2）teachingpositionshavetobe（3）,ofcourse.Itcanhesaidthatforeign（4）thatmakesthefacultymemberfromabroadanassetalso（5）problemsofadjustment,bothfortheuniversityandfortheindividual.

Theforeignresearchscholarusuallyisolate（6）inthelaboratoryasameansofprotection;（7）,whatheneedistobefitted（8）ahighlyorganizeduniversitysystemquitedifferentfrom（9）athome.Heisfacedinhisdailywork（10）differencesinphilosophy,arrangementsofcoursesandmethodsofteaching.Boththevisitingprofessorandhisstudents（11）backgroundineachother'scultures.Some（12）ofwhatisalreadyinthemindsofthestudentsis（13）bytheforeignprofessor.Whilehelpinghimto（14）himselftohisnewenvironment,theuniversitymustalso（15）certainadjustmentsinorderto（16）fulladvantageofwhatthenewcomercan（17）.Itisn'talwaysknownhowtomake（18）useofforeignfaculty,especiallyatsmallercolleges.Thisisthoughttobea（19）wherefurtherstudyiscalled（20）.Thefindingsofsuchastudywillbeofvaluetocollegesanduniversitieswithforeignfaculty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.of

D.at

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.on

C.for

D.within

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thought

B.measured

C.balanced

D.considered

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.situation

B.circumstance

C.background

D.condition

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.carries

B.creates

C.emerges

D.solves

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.himself

B.oneself

C.him

D.one

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.otherwise

B.moreover

C.however

D.also

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.into

B.by

C.to

D.with

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.those

B.which

C.what

D.that

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.toward

B.with

C.to

D.at

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.possess

C.need

D.lack

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.concept

B.feeling

C.plan

D.intelligence

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.ordered

B.asked

C.insisted

D.required

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.place

B.adapt

C.put

D.direct

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.remain

B.keep

C.make

D.cause

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.make

C.do

D.be

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.show

B.afford

C.express

D.offer

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.powerful

B.creative

C.imaginary

D.advantage

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.scope

B.range

C.field

D.district

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.for

C.upon

D.at

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:C

第16題:A

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查介詞。此處：使用外國(guó)教師的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)必須考慮，是名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系，用of，故正確答案為C。

2.考查介詞。從上下文來看，空格修飾的是“teachingpositions教學(xué)崗位”，最符合語境句意的選項(xiàng)為A。

3.考查動(dòng)詞。本句大意為：“使用外國(guó)教師的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)必須……”，再結(jié)合語境，只有D選項(xiàng)合適。

4.考查名詞。前文是foreign修飾空格處，根據(jù)語境及語意應(yīng)該填入foreignbackground“外籍背景”，故選擇C項(xiàng)。

5.考查動(dòng)詞。句意大概是：“國(guó)外的教師資源也會(huì)……問題”。從上下文來看，最符合語境句意的選項(xiàng)為B“產(chǎn)生”。

6.考查反身代詞。根據(jù)上下文，空格處指代句子主語“Theforeignresearchscholar外國(guó)研究學(xué)者”，符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)的選項(xiàng)為A。

7.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)上下文含義，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，而且轉(zhuǎn)折詞在前，因此最佳答案為C。

8.考查固定搭配。fitinto“（使）適合；與……融為一體”，因此答案為A。

9.考查代詞。此處句意為：“他必須適應(yīng)管理嚴(yán)密的大學(xué)體系，而這一點(diǎn)是與他國(guó)內(nèi)的大學(xué)體系大不相同的”，空格處缺少代詞，代指大學(xué)體系。因此答案為D。

10.考查固定搭配。befacedwith“面對(duì)”，因此正確選項(xiàng)為B。

11.考查動(dòng)詞。此處大意為：“所有外來教授和他的學(xué)生都……文化共同性”，結(jié)合語境，正確選項(xiàng)D。

12.考查名詞。根據(jù)語境及句意，空格處和“whatisalreadyinthemindsofthestudents”之間是所屬關(guān)系，因此A選項(xiàng)構(gòu)成“學(xué)生腦海中的概念”為最佳答案。

13.考查動(dòng)詞。此處大意為：“外來教授……學(xué)生頭腦里已存在的那些概念”，空格處修飾concept“概念”這一詞，結(jié)合語境，故選D。

14.考查固定搭配。adapt...to...使適應(yīng)于……，因此正確選項(xiàng)為B。

15.考查動(dòng)詞。makeadjustments“做出調(diào)整”。根據(jù)語境，最佳答案為C。

16.考查固定搭配。takefulladvantageof...“充分利用”，故答案為A。

17.考查動(dòng)詞。show“顯示；說明”；afford“買得起；給予，提供”；express“表達(dá)；快遞的”；offer“提供，供應(yīng)”。根據(jù)語境及句意，D為最佳答案。

18.考查形容詞。此處大意為：“……利用外籍教工”，空格處修飾名詞use。powerful“強(qiáng)大的；強(qiáng)有力的”；creative“創(chuàng)造性的；有創(chuàng)意的”；.imaginary“虛構(gòu)的，假想的”；advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)；利益；有利條件”。根據(jù)語境及句意，B為最佳答案。

19.考查名詞。scope“范圍；余地；視野”；range“范圍；幅度”；field“領(lǐng)域”；district“區(qū)域；地方；行政區(qū)”。此處句意為：“這是一個(gè)有待進(jìn)一步研究的……”。根據(jù)語境及句意，C為最佳答案。

20.考查固定搭配。callfor“要求”，故答案為B。

3.單選題

Tomanypeople,ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily—theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,to_______familycharacterandtogathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.repress

B.intimidate

C.validate

D.confine

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“repress”意為“抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓（叛亂等）；約束”；B選項(xiàng)“intimidate”意為“恐嚇，威脅；脅迫”；C選項(xiàng)“validate”意為“驗(yàn)證；確認(rèn)；使生效”；D選項(xiàng)“confine”意為“限制；禁閉；（因疾病、殘疾）無法離開（床、家、輪椅）”。句意：對(duì)許多人來說，夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭——他們需要孩子來充實(shí)他們的小圈子，使家庭特征生效，并從后代那里獲得某種救贖的影響。由題干可知，ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily（夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭）夫妻需要孩子才能構(gòu)成完整的家庭，所以家庭特征需要有孩子才能生效。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Morethan100（）catsthatusedtoroamthestreetsinaChineseprovincehavenowbeencollectedandorganizedintoatramtofightrodentsthataredestroyingcrops.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.loose

B.tamed

C.wild

D.stray

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。loose“寬松的”；tamed“馴服的，平淡的”；wild“野生的”；stray“迷路的，流浪的”。句意：100多只曾經(jīng)在中國(guó)某個(gè)省份街上流浪的貓被收留并被組織去對(duì)付破壞莊稼的嚙齒動(dòng)物。

5.單選題

Ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatthesizeoftheuniverse（

）ourimagination.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transforms

B.transfers

C.transpires

D.transcends

【答案】D

【解析】transform改變，轉(zhuǎn)化；transfer轉(zhuǎn)移，移交；transpire蒸發(fā)，泄露；transcend勝過，超越。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為宇宙的大小超出了我們的想象。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

6.單選題

Actually,recyclingisoneoftheleastimportantthingswecando,ifourreal（）istopreservenaturalresources.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subjection

B.objective

C.excitement

D.inclusion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。subjection“隸屬，服從，征服”；objective“目的，目標(biāo)”；excitement“興奮，刺激”；inclusion“包含，內(nèi)含物”。句意：事實(shí)上，回收利用是我們能做的最不重要的事情之一，如果我們的真正（）是保護(hù)自然資源的話。由不定式topreservenaturalresources可知這是一種目的，故B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Everyoneexperiencesfearduringmajorcrisis—suchasfires,automobileaccidents,etc.Somepeopleevenfeelverynervouswhentheyflyinairplanes.Nomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotlowertheiranxiety.Someofthemenjoytalkingabouttheirfearswhileothersresentbeingaskedtodiscusstheirpersonalfeelings.Manyareawarethattheyfeelanxiousbutonlyafewareconsciousofthewaytheyexpresstheirtension.Somepeopletrytohidetheirnervousness:theytrytodisguisetheiranxietybytellingjokes.Othersbecomeloudandaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes.Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.

Anumberoffactorscanbementionedasimportantinexplainingwhysomepeoplehaveafearofflying:earlychildhoodexperiences,generalsenseofsecurity,fearofheights,trustinothers,percentageofalcoholinblood,etc.Thememoryofabadexperiencecansometimestriggerthesamefearcausedbythatexperience.Thus,achildmightbefrightenedbythesightofadogeventhoughheissafe,merelybecauseheoncehadabadexperiencewithadog.Abadexperiencecanbethecuethattriggersourfears.Butthecrucialfactorseemstobeafeelingofnocontrol.

Usuallyweareabletosuppressourfeelingssothattheydonotaffectourbehavior.Butsometimesthetensionproducedbyourfearsissogreatthatwecannotsuppressit.Atsuchtimeweneedtodischargethetensionbylaughingorcrying.Bysmilingfoolishlyandtalkingloudly,weareabletorepresstherisingfeelingoffearsothatitdoesnotaffectthewaywebehave.

Becauseitisnecessarytorecognizeaproblembeforeitcanbesolved,admittingthatweareafraidisanintegralpartoftheprocessofmasteringourfears.

1.Tomakesomeonethebuttofjokesmeans（）.

2.Whatisthepositivepurposeofpeople’stellingjokes?

3.Tomasteranxietymeans（）

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactortriggeringthefeelingfear?

5.Accordingtotheconcludingparagraph,whatisessentialtogothroughtheprocessofmasteringone’sfears?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tomakesomeonebecometheobjectofjokes

B.toforcesomeonetoenjoyjokes

C.toentitlesomeonetotelljokes

D.tooffendsomeonebyjokes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowone’ssenseofhumor.

B.Tocontrolone’sownfears.

C.Todisguisetheiranxiety.

D.Toattackothers.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tobefamiliarwithtension

B.toholdbackthefeelingofuneasiness

C.toconquerthefeelingofnervousness

D.tobegoodatthesubjectofanxiety

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thefearofheights.

B.Earlychildhoodexperience.

C.Thegeneralsenseofsecurity.

D.Afeelingofnocontrol.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Tobeconsciousofthewayofmasteringfears.

B.Torepresstherisingfeelingoffear.

C.Toadmitthefeelingoffears.

D.Tocontrolone’sfeelings.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.語義題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)二三句“Somepeopletrytohidetheirnervousness:theytrytodisguisetheiranxietybytellingjokes.Othersbecomeloudandaggressive,attackingpeoplebymakingthemthebuttofcrueljokes.”有些人試圖通過講笑話來掩飾他們的焦慮；另一些人則吵鬧和好斗，攻擊別人的方法是使人成為被取笑的對(duì)象。所以thebuttofjokes指：被人取笑的對(duì)象。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.”有時(shí)讓別人成為笑話的對(duì)象是為了控制自己的恐懼——控制焦慮。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Sometimesmakingsomeoneelsethetargetofjokesisanattempttocontrolone’sownfears—tomasteranxiety.”可知選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Butthecrucialfactorseemstobeafeelingofnocontrol.”可知選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知：在問題得以解決之前，有必要認(rèn)識(shí)它，承認(rèn)我們害怕是控制恐懼過程中不可分割的一部分。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

8.單選題

TheFrenchmathematiciandeLaplacenextreasonedthatifenoughmass（

）addedtoastarlikethesun,thegravitationalforceofthestar（

）eventuallypreventlightparticlesfromleavingit;itwouldtherefore“blinkout”andbecomeaninvisibleblackstar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.were...would

B.was...would

C.was...wouldhave

D.were...wouldhave

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由選項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞的過去形式可知本題考查if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。第一空條件從句中，如果使用一般過去時(shí)則表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)的虛擬，be動(dòng)詞固定用were；相應(yīng)的主句應(yīng)使用would+動(dòng)詞原形表示。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices“active”euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethaldrugtoaterminallyillpatientwhohasaskedtoberelievedofsuffering.Twentytimesaday,life-prolongingtreatmentiswithheldorwithdrawnwhenthereisnohopethatitcanaffectanultimatecure.“Active”euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.

Euthanasia,oftencalled“mercykilling”,isacrimeeverywhereinWesternEurope.ButmoreandmoredoctorsandnursesinBritain,Germany,Hollandandelsewherereadilyadmittopracticingit,mostofteninthe“passive”formofwithholdingorwithdrawingtreatment.Thelongsimmeringeuthanasiaissuehaslatelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublicdebate,withbothsidesclaimingthemantleofultimaterighteousness.Thoseopposedtothepracticeseethemselvesup-holdingsacredprinciplesofrespectforlife,whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.Afteryearsonthedefensive,theadvocatesnowseemtobegainingground.RecentpollsinBritainshowthat72percentofBritishsubjectsfavoreuthanasiainsomecircumstances.Anastonishing76percentofrespondentstoapolltakenlatelastyearinFrancesaidtheywouldlikethelawchangedtodecriminalizemercykillings.

Reasonsforthelatestsurgeofinterestineuthanasiaarenothardtofind.Europeans,likeAmericans,arenowlivinglonger.TheaverageEuropeanmalenowlivestotheageof72,womantoalmost8A.sDerekHumphrey,aleadingBritishadvocateof“rationaleuthanasia”,says,“l(fā)ingeringchronicdiseaseshavereplacedcriticalillnessastheprimarycauseofdeath.”

Andsotheeuthanasistshavebeguntopresstheircasewithgreaterforce.Theyarguethateveryhumanbeingshouldhavetherightto“diewithdignity”,bywhichtheyusuallymeantherighttoescapethehorrorsofapainfulordegradinghospitalization.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill,butthemovementalsoincludesasmallminoritywhobelieveineuthanasiaforanyonewhorationallydecidestotakehisownlife.

Thatrightisunlikelytogetlegalrecognitionanytimeinthenearfuture.EvenintheNetherlands,theproposalsnowbeforeParliamentwouldrestricteuthanasiatoasmallnumberofcasesandwouldsurroundeventhosewithelaboratesafeguards.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.Euthanasiais,oftencalled“mercykilling”,whichimpliesthat（）.

3.“Boiledover”(Line4,Para.2)means（）.

4.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiaholdthat（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiais（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.“Active”euthanasiaisregardedasacrimebyDutchlaw.

B.Thedoctorwhocarriesouteuthanasiawillbecharged.

C.Anunqualifieddoctorcarryingouteuthanasiawillbeaccused.

D.“Active”euthanasiaexecutiveswillbesentencedto12yearsimprisonment.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peopleshouldshowsympathyforaterminallyillpatient

B.somedoctorsmurderpatientsshieldingthemselvesfrommercy

C.humanetreatmenttodyingpatientsshouldberequired

D.thedyingpatientsaresufferingfromthepainandtheydon’twanttoliveon

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.burst(into)

B.makethewaterhotenoughtoboil

C.causegreatanger

D.fightoneanother

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onlyterminallyillpatientscanhaveeuthanasia

B.ifanyonewhorationallydecidestoendhislife,hecanhaveeuthanasia

C.peopleshouldrespectlife

D.nomatterwhatpunishmenttheyget,theywillcarryouteuthanasiatopatients

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.objective

D.uncertain

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A選項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)的安樂死被荷蘭法律認(rèn)為是一種犯罪”和D選項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)安樂死的執(zhí)行者將被判12年的監(jiān)禁”可以定位到文章首段中“‘Active’euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.”中文翻譯為：主動(dòng)的安樂死在荷蘭的法典上仍然是一種需判刑12年的監(jiān)禁。C選項(xiàng)“實(shí)行安樂死的不合格醫(yī)生將會(huì)被控告”可以定位到文章首段“Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.”中文翻譯為：但是過去15年的一系列法庭案件卻明確表示，實(shí)行安樂死的稱職醫(yī)生將不被指控。同時(shí)可知B選項(xiàng)“實(shí)行安樂死的醫(yī)生將會(huì)被起訴”與文章不符合，故選B。

2.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“mercykilling”可以定位到原文第二段“whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.”中文翻譯為：而那些安樂死的支持者卻高舉人道對(duì)待的旗幟?？芍狢項(xiàng)正確，譯為“垂死的病人應(yīng)該需要人道的對(duì)待”。

3.【試題解析】詞匯題。A：爆發(fā)（成）；B：讓水熱得足以沸騰；C：造成巨大的憤怒；D：相互打架。題干關(guān)鍵詞“boilover”意為：爆發(fā)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasia可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段中“Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill”，中文翻譯為：大多數(shù)自愿安樂死的支持者認(rèn)為，去死的權(quán)利應(yīng)該只給予晚期絕癥病人，可以得知A選項(xiàng)“只有晚期絕癥病人可以安樂死”正確。

5.【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A:positive“積極的”；B:negative“消極的”；C:objective“客觀的”；D:uncertain“不確定的”。全文作者都是用客觀的態(tài)度來描述安樂死這個(gè)話題，因此可以推測(cè)出C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

I’mpleasedtohearofyourjoboffer-allthathardworkatschoolhasobviously（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paidoff

B.takenitstoll

C.madeadifference

D.shownup

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)paidoff“付清，見成效”；B選項(xiàng)takenitstoll“造成損失”；C選項(xiàng)madeadifference“有影響，有關(guān)系，起作用”；D選項(xiàng)shownup“露面，露出”。句意：我很高興聽到你有工作機(jī)會(huì)——很明顯，你在學(xué)校的努力工作（）。而這里表達(dá)的意思是“在學(xué)校的努力起了作用”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Whatweneedtolearnishowtoputtheoryinto（）whenwebeginourfieldworkhere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appearance

B.application

C.accomplish

D.achievement

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)appearance“外觀，出現(xiàn)，露面”；B選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；C選項(xiàng)accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到”；D選項(xiàng)achievement“成就，完成”。句意：當(dāng)我們開始野外工作時(shí)，我們需要學(xué)習(xí)的是如何將理論應(yīng)用到實(shí)際中去。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

12.填空題

Anearlierattempt(1)blunting,whichmadeitillegalto(2)American-madecomponentstoHuawei,includingadvancedcomputerchips(3)whichtheChinesefirmrelies,wasnottheknock-outblowtheWhite(4)hopedittobe.ChipmakerswereabletokeepshippingHuaweisemiconductorsfromfactoriesoutsideAmerica.SoonMay15ththeTrumpadministrationextendeditsrestrictionsfromchipstothetoolsusedtomakethem—manyofwhichcomefromAmerica.So(5)asbigmicroprocessorproducers,likeTaiwanSemiconductorManufacturingCompany,useAmerican-madeequipment,theywillnolongerbeabletoforgeHuawei-designedchipsanywhereintheworld.

【答案】1.at

2.sell

3.on

4.House

5.long

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。Attemptat表示“企圖，努力；嘗試”，這里句意為：早先美國(guó)試圖…。

2.考查上下文語義。句意：在之前，美國(guó)將出售美國(guó)制造的組件（包括中國(guó)公司依賴的高端電腦芯片）給華為的行為定義為非法行為，但這次嘗試并沒有達(dá)到白宮預(yù)期的效果。

3.語法題。此空所在句是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是advancedcomputerchips（高端電腦芯片），后面的定語從句中，應(yīng)該是介詞on與rely構(gòu)成搭配，表示“依賴”。

4.考查上下文語義。本段講的是關(guān)于美國(guó)限制向華為出售高端電腦芯片組件的行為，因此此處應(yīng)該填House,表示“白宮”。

5.考查固定搭配。Solongas表示“只要”。此處句意為：只要諸如像臺(tái)積電（TSMC）之類的大型半導(dǎo)體供應(yīng)商，使用美國(guó)制造的工具，他們就不能在世界任何地方制造華為定制芯片。

13.單選題

Thewreckageoftheexplodedcar______thetraffic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interfered

B.interpreted

C.disrupted

D.corrupted

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)interfered“妨礙（有損害）”；B選項(xiàng)interpreted“解釋；作口譯”；C選項(xiàng)disrupted“妨礙，擾亂（使維持正常狀態(tài)有難度）”；D選項(xiàng)corrupted“腐化”。句意：汽車爆炸的殘骸______交通。根據(jù)語境，這里指汽車爆炸擾亂了正常交通，C選項(xiàng)disrupted“妨礙，擾亂（使維持正常狀態(tài)有難度）”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.問答題

TheStateAdministrationforMarketRegulation,whichlaunchedtheprobeintothee-commercegiantinDecember,chargedAlibabawithabusingitsmarketdominance.

ThewatchdogsaiditsinvestigationconcludedthatAlibabahadhinderedonlineretailinChina,affectedinnovationintheplatform-basedinterneteconomy,hurtthelawfulrightsofmerchantsanddamagedconsumers’interests.

The18.23billionyuan($2.8billion)fineonAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.wasequivalenttofourpercentofAlibaba’sdomesticsalesin2019,accordingtotheSaturdaystatement.Thecompany’searningsreportshoweditregisteredprofitsofabout$12billioninthelastthreemonthsof2020.

Theannouncementisthelatestdevelopmentinthegovernment’sincreasedoversightoninternetcompaniestoavoidthe“disorderlyexpansionofcapital”,curbingbehaviorsuchaseither-orchoicesformerchantsbetweene-commerceplatforms,andpricegougingonregularcustomersviabigdata.

LastDecember,China’santitrustregulatorsmadepublicthroughastatementthedecisiontofine,foranamountof500,000yuan,threeofthecountry’slargesttechnologycompaniesforfailingtodisclosethepurchasesofsmallercompetitors,escalatingthelevelofenforcementagainsteverykindofmonopolisticcorporatebehaviorthataffectsconsumers’interests.

ThecompanieshitbythedecisionareAlibabaInvestment,whichinthreedealsfailedtoobtainapprovalfortheacquisitionofdepartmentstoreoperatorIntimeRetailGroup;Tencent,whichthroughitssubsidiaryChinaLiteraturefailedtoreporttheacquisitionofNewClassicMedia;andSFHolding,whichacquiredacompetitorpreviouslyownedbyChinaPostCorp.

AsisthecasewithAlibaba’sinvestmentandlaterprivatizationofIntime,thefinesrefertodealsconcludedasearlyas2014,leadingtoagreatdealofconcernforChinesetechgiantsfacingretroactivepenaltiesaswellasthepotentialamendmentofthepenaltyamountintheupcomingantitrustlaw.ConsideringthenumberofacquisitionsthatbothAlibabaandTencenthaveconductedovertheyears,thiscouldposeseriousconsequences.

Strengtheninganti-monopolysupervisionhasbecomeaglobaltrend,EconomicDailyreportedonMonday.Antitrustlawenforcementagenciesincountriesandeconomiesintheworldhavetakentoughregulatorystancesandrestrictivemeasuresononlineplatforms.

Accordingtoincompletestatistics,thereportsaid,technologybehemothslikeGoogle,Apple,FacebookandAmazonhavebeendeeplyinvolvedinantitrustinvestigationsintheworldduringthepastfouryears.Amongthem,Googlefaced27cases,AmazonandAppleboth22cases,andFacebook13cases.

Thevoicesagainstbigtechcompaniesnevercease.Theyaredeemedtohavetoomuchpower

—toomuchpoweroveroureconomy,oursociety,andourdemocracy.Theyhavebulldozedcompetition,usedourprivateinformationforprofit,andtiltedtheplayingfieldagainsteveryoneelse.Andintheprocess,theyhavehurtsmallbusinessesandstifledinnovation.

Thegrowingimportanceoftechnologyinthedevelopmentofmoderneconomies,andasacontributortonationalGDPintheageofCovid-19,nowrequiresthemaximumleveloflegislativeinterventionfromeverycountry'sgovernmentthroughanappropriatetrade-offthatencouragestechcompaniestogrowandinnovate,whileguaranteeinganopenandfairmarketenvironment,whichisthebasisofsocialandeconomicstability.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)Whyisthewholeworldsoworriedabouttheplatform-basedinternetgiants?(10points)

2)DoyouthinkweneedmoreantitrustlawstoregulatethemarketcompetitionorsimplybreakupthosetechgiantsunderthecontextofCovid-19?Justifyyouropinions.(20points)

【答案】1)Becausetheplatform-basedinternetgiantsaredeemedtohavetoomuchpower—toomuchpoweroveroureconomy,oursociety,andourdemocracy.Theyhavebulldozedcompetition,usedourprivateinformationforprofit,andtiltedtheplayingfieldagainsteveryoneelse.Andintheprocess,theyhavehurtsmallbusinessesandstifledinnovation.

2)IagreewiththeideathatintheageofCovid-19,nowrequiresthemaximumleveloflegislativeinterventionfromeverycountry’sgovernmentthroughanappropriatetrade-offthatencouragestechcompaniestogrowandinnovate,whileguaranteeinganope